Utilization Of Skills Research Articles

Contextual determinants impacting final year nursing students' emergency team communication during deteriorating patient simulations: A grounded theory study

BackgroundAbility to focus on development of students' team communication and non-technical skills may be reduced in content saturated nursing curricula. Even when communication and simulation-based education is provided, students' utilisation of non-technical skills remains challenging. Although simulation is a recognised means to learn communication skills, little is known about nursing students' team communication in simulated settings. ObjectiveTo understand the process by which final year undergraduate nursing students communicate in simulated team emergencies. DesignUsing constructivist grounded theory, data was collected using semi-structured interviews and student observations and analysed using constant comparative analysis. SettingSimulation laboratories in one university nursing school in Australia. Participants21 final year nursing students in seven teams. MethodsData were gathered from interviews and video observations of final year nursing students during simulated team emergencies. ResultsInterview data and observations of video-recordings revealed contextual determinants that influence communication within teams: the simulation context, the student context and the team context. Team member characteristics, such as cultural and linguistic background, life experiences, gender and age, the ability to shift from leadership to followership as well as environmental factors such as mask wearing and simulation fidelity, contributed to uncertainty in communicating that nursing team effectiveness. ConclusionsImprovement of contextual conditions necessitates implementation of supportive strategies. These include development of educational initiatives, and further research in experiential learning as a modality for learners to experience team communication. Further, simulation context, student context and team context are important considerations. Meeting clinical communication learning needs of students allows better preparation to care for deteriorating patients as graduates.

Integration of 21st Century Skills into Secondary School English Classes and the Challenges faced by Teachers

The aim of this study is to examine the utilization of 21st century skills by secondary school English language teachers and to investigate whether their background has a role in using these skills. The study also aims to shed light on the challenges teachers face when integrating these skills into their teaching practices. A mixed-methods research design, which incorporates the scale and interviews, was used to accomplish the aims of the study. The data were obtained online using 21st Century Teaching and Learning scale developed by Hixson, Ravitz, and Whisman (2012) and semi-structured interviews. A total of 119 teachers were reached using convenience and snowball sampling methods, with 26 of them participating in the interviews. The quantitative findings of the study showed that teachers used 21st century skills approximately once or three times a month, and the most used skill was using technology as a tool for learning, while local connections were the least. According to the t-test results, a significant difference was found in the use of these skills between private and public school teachers, with private school teachers employing these skills more frequently than their public school counterparts. Furthermore, it was revealed that teachers who received 21st century skills training integrated some of the 21st century skills into their lessons more often than those who did not. In addition, it was found that years of experience played a role in the implementation of these skills. According to the post-hoc test, less experienced teachers integrated 21st century skills more frequently than more experienced teachers. On the other hand, the teachers’ educational backgrounds did not show any significant difference in using these skills. According to the findings obtained from the content analysis of the interviews, the lack of qualified in-per service training on 21st century skills, poor curricula, lack of required materials and infrastructure, and unsupportive attitudes of the administrators were the challenges encountered by teachers.

South African midwife specialists' experiences in the utilisation of their knowledge and skills.

Midwifery specialisation was introduced in 1993 as a response to escalating maternal and neonatal mortalities and shortage of physicians in rural parts of South Africa. Basic midwives enrolled into a postgraduate midwifery qualification to extend their knowledge and skills which enabled them to manage complicated obstetric conditions. The postgraduate midwifery qualification rendered them midwife specialists upon completion of the course. Yet, MS remain underutilised in clinical facilities due to limiting practice regulations and fear of medico-legal litigations, leading to forfeiture of skills. The study aimed to explore and describe midwife specialist' experiences of optimal utilisation of their knowledge and skills in public health facilities in South Africa. Public health facilities based in seven provinces in South Africa where MS were employed, formed part of the research setting. A qualitative, descriptive and explorative research design was followed using phenomenological approach. Sixteen purposefully sampled midwife specialists participated in four focus group interviews. Data were analysed using Collaizi's descriptive method. Three themes, each with categories, were derived from the data. Research results confirmed midwife specialist' limited utilisation of knowledge and skills in public facilities. This was associated with the existing practice regulations, restricting midwife specialists to basic midwifery roles. The lack of practice regulations, particularly for midwife specialists hinders optimal utilisation of their knowledge and skills in the public health facilities. This study highlighted midwife specialist' barriers in optimally embracing their expert knowledge and skills. Barriers may guide formulation of strategies to facilitate midwife specialist' knowledge and skills utilisation.

Perceptions of Najran University Students on Utilization and Enhancing Soft Skills and Challenges

The study aims to identify the level of soft skills utilization among Najran University students and the challenges they face in developing these skills from their perspective. A descriptive-analytical approach was employed, where a list of soft skills was categorized into four classes, comprising a total of 37 skills from key competencies. A questionnaire was prepared to determine the importance of soft skills from the student's point of view, as well as to assess their satisfaction with their proficiency levels. In addition, it aimed to gauge their satisfaction with the methods and strategies used by the university in enhancing these skills and to identify the obstacles hindering their development. The survey was administered to 296 male and female students at Najran University. The results indicated that students highly valued the importance of soft skills. The ranking of soft skills categories, based on their importance to the students, was as follows: learning and life skills, effective communication skills, strategic planning and time management skills, and finally, leadership and teamwork skills. However, the results also revealed their dissatisfaction with their proficiency levels, as they expressed low satisfaction. Furthermore, they were dissatisfied with the methods and strategies employed by the university in developing these skills. Despite this, they strongly agreed that significant obstacles were preventing the development of these skills among them.

ICT Skills Acquisition and Utilization Among Postgraduate Students in Universities in Kwara State, Nigeria

This study investigates the ICT skills utilization among postgraduate students in Universities in Kwara State, Nigeria. The research design was a descriptive survey of the correlational type. A proportional random sampling technique was adopted to select 250 respondents from the 580 postgraduate students of the Faculties of Education of the selected Universities in Kwara State, Nigeria. The Instrument titled ICT Skills Acquisition and Utilization Questionnaire (ICTSAUQ) was used for data collection. The instruments were validated by experts in the Department of Educational Management and Counselling and found reliable with a reliability coefficient of 0.82. Three research questions were raised for the study and answered using descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation. One research hypothesis formulated was tested using inferential statistics of Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) Statistics at a 0.05 level of significance. The findings of this study revealed that there is a significant relationship between the Acquisition of ICT skills and usage among postgraduate students in universities in Kwara State. Based on the findings the study recommends among other things that postgraduate students of Universities in Kwara states should undergo a compulsory ICT skill acquisition skill to aid their academic activities.

Utilization Of Information Literacy Skills Of The Faculty Members In Affiliated Colleges Of Tumkur University In Karnataka

Utilization Of Information Literacy Skills Of The Faculty Members In Affiliated Colleges Of Tumkur University In Karnataka

Pamakyabe: Acculturation and Basic Psychological Needs Through the Lens of Adolescent Mag-Indi Aetas of Floridablanca, Pampanga

This study examined the neglect and discrimination faced by the Mag-Indi Aeta community in Florida Blanca, Pampanga, Philippines, and its impact on their mental health. It also explored the community's adaptive strategies and their implications for cultural preservation, resilience, and basic psychological needs. Using a qualitative research design and interpretative phenomenological analysis, the study investigated the lived experiences of five adolescent Mag-Indi Aetas concerning acculturation and psychological needs. The analysis revealed ten themes: Autonomy in Expression and Interaction, Autonomy in Empowerment Dynamics, Competence in Skill Utilization and Self-Esteem Enhancement, Competence in Modern and Practical Skills, Diverse Acculturation in Values, Diverse Acculturation in Behavior, Relatedness through Varied Engagement Levels, Relatedness through Diverse Emotional Interactions, Diverse Acculturation in Knowledge, and Diverse Acculturation in Cultural Identity. This research highlighted the discrimination, acculturation processes, and psychological needs of indigenous communities, advocating for inclusive and culturally sensitive programs such as self-awareness programs, Usap Tamo benches (buddy benches), IP day, and Kapatad week. These initiatives aim to improve the well-being of indigenous populations, promote cultural exchange, and eliminate discrimination and bullying.

Discharbing Phobia and Panic Disorders through Therapeutic Photography: Towards Righting Undergraduates Emotions for Performance in FCE, Kontagora.

This study on “Discharging Phobia and Panic Disorders through Therapeutic Photography: Towards Righting Undergraduates Emotions for Performance in FCE, Kontagora” deals with utilization of photographic skills for emotional expression and processing in therapeutic setting. The study adopted Mixed Method design with qualitative and Art-Based methods adopting interview, observation and focus group, while quantitative design adopted quasi-experimental study, with 2×2 factorial design with pretest-posttest non-randomized control group design. Four research questions and four hypotheses were formulated for the study, which 11 students were sampled, using nonprobability sampling technique of convenience sampling, while 14 students who also failed the Instructional Technology test, but did not accept the phototherapy voluntarily, as a way of helping them release emotional struggles were used as control group. Paired and Independent t-test were used to analyse the data, while Levene’s test for equality of variance was adopted to determine the degree of freedom at 0.5 degree. The research questions answered showed a significant difference between pretest and post-test scores among participants, but females were seen to have a high degree of emotional responses – discharging phobia and panic disorders. The stated hypotheses did not recognise significant differences in both emotions and academic performances; thus, the study recommends, among others that photographic component of Educational Resource Centers of tertiary institutions should be expanded to also cater for therapeutic interactions for students.

Understanding the Utilization of Skills by Returnee Workers in Rupandehi District

Understanding the Utilization of Skills by Returnee Workers in Rupandehi District

Expanding trauma education during war: pediatric trauma fundamentals training in Ukraine.

On 24 February 2022, Russia launched a large-scale offensive in Ukraine, resulting in significant casualties to civilians, including children. As part of a seven-stream trauma education initiative, a novel pediatric trauma fundamentals course (PTF) was developed to provide standalone pediatric trauma education by our academic/NGO partnership. The objective of the program was to develop, implement, and evaluate a novel PTF educational course in the active armed conflict zone of Ukraine. A novel two-day PTF course was internally developed, translated into Ukrainian, and implemented across eight Oblasts (regions) in Ukraine from November 2022 to December 2023. Participants completed pre-and post-assessments in knowledge and self-confidence, and critical skills were assessed against objective skill checklists. Change in knowledge and self-confidence were analyzed, respectively, with the nonparametric Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank test and McNemar's test for paired data. Anonymous course evaluations were solicited after each course. Six to eight-week follow-up surveys were conducted to assess skill utilization and stewardship. Four hundred and forty-six Ukrainian health care providers were trained during 30 courses across 8 Oblasts in Ukraine during the intervention period. Aggregated knowledge and self-confidence significantly improved across all measures. Ukrainian instructors of courses received higher raw scores across all evaluation points on instructor feedback surveys as compared to international instructors. Six to eight-week follow-up surveys demonstrated participants had positive views of the training, have used the training on patients, and have taught the material to other health care providers. Our novel PTF intervention demonstrates a successful partnership-based model for implementing pediatric trauma education in an active conflict zone in Ukraine. Challenges to implementing such programs can be mitigated through strategic partnership-based models between academic institutions and organizations with local knowledge and expertise. Ukrainian instructors provide course experiences similar or superior to international instructors, likely due to multiple factors related to language, culture, and context.

The Utilization of Digital Marketing and Entrepreneurial Skills in Enhancing Business Success for MSMEs in Bogor City

Indonesia hosts a substantial number of micro, small, and medium enterprises (UMKM), comprising around 99.99% (65.5 million units) of businesses in 2018, as stated by the Ministry of Cooperatives and SMEs. Despite their micro classification, these enterprises play a significant role, contributing about 89.2% to Indonesia's workforce and making vital economic contributions. However, 5.9% of businesses still feel the positive impacts of Covid-19. Among them, resilient businesses (5.9%) adapt by expanding marketing channels, with social media networks being a key strategy for digital marketing communication. To assess the impact of digital marketing and entrepreneurial skills on UMKM success in Bogor City, this study employed a quantitative approach. The questionnaire-based research involved 100 randomly selected participants from a population of 3,845 UMKM business players in Bogor City. Using PLS-SEM analysis, the research scrutinized the integrated framework required for this strategy. Notably, Bogor City, facing a 60% UMKM income decline during the pandemic, served as a focal point. The study utilizes SEM methodology within an explanatory research design to explore the dynamics of UMKM success in the face of contemporary challenges.

Navigating Nonlinear Analysis and Artificial Intelligence Frontiers for Revolutionary Technology Solutions

The intersection of nonlinear analysis and artificial intelligence (AI) presents a promising frontier in the rapidly changing field of technology, with the potential to yield ground-breaking solutions in a multitude of fields. In order to investigate how different disciplines may work together to transform technological progress, this study explores the synthesis of these fields. Deeper comprehension of complicated patterns and behaviours is made possible by the intersection of AI and nonlinear analysis, which can both model complex systems and events. This combination has the potential to go beyond conventional linear thinking and open doors to solve complex problems. Through the utilisation of AI's learning skills to augment nonlinear models, a novel approach to problem-solving is revealed. The purpose of the paper is to examine the applications of this synergy in various disciplines. The combination of nonlinear analysis and AI holds the potential to transform a number of industries, from banking and predictive analytics to biological systems research and autonomous vehicle development. This investigation also includes the societal and ethical ramifications of using such cutting-edge technologies. It aims to provide a thorough understanding of the factors necessary for the ethical integration of these advances into our lives by delving into concerns of privacy, prejudice, and responsible use. This study tries to give academics, engineers, and innovators a full road map by looking at recent advances and possible future possibilities. It seeks to stimulate novel research directions, interdisciplinary teamwork, and the advancement of ground-breaking technical innovations that have the potential to fundamentally alter our understanding of and interactions with the environment around us.

DEMENTIA FRIENDS AWARENESS BUSINESS TRAINING PROGRAM: MAKING A POSITIVE IMPACT IN SMALL ARKANSAS BUSINESSES

Abstract The Arkansas Geriatric Education Collaborative, a HRSA-funded Geriatric Workforce Enhancement Program grant, and a Dementia Friends USA sub-licensee, provides a program to businesses called Dementia Friends at Work. This program utilizes the tenants of the “Become a Dementia Friend” program created by Dementia Friendly America©, a multi-sector movement that aims to foster “dementia friendly communities”. A one-hour training was conducted for 222 business employees, focusing on recognizing the signs of dementia, challenging the stigma about dementia, how to best communicate with individuals with dementia and their caregivers, and practical tips to make themselves and their environment more Dementia-Friendly. During the program, management and staff were asked to self-assess the physical business environment for “dementia friendliness” and review possible changes toward improvement. Pre-program and post-program evaluations were completed. The results showed that 100% of participants agreed the training program made an impact on their business or job and 75% claimed to use the knowledge gained from the program. Qualitative data gathered 90-days post training supported these results with themes emerging such as staff using new ways to navigate conversations with those expected to have dementia, being more aware of the signs of dementia, and utilization of skills learned to more effectively interact with these customers. Findings suggest that many employees were unaware of the common signs of dementia or how to recognize behaviors of those with dementia. They had also not considered learning about or using proven techniques to assist with interactions and conversations; therefore, this training was well-received and effective.

Constructive workplace deviance for rising Africa: A case of selected South African farmworkers

The rapid population growth in Africa is estimated to double by 2050, which could create food security challenges. The agriculture industry, especially the farming sector, is considered one of the industries that can proactively rise and provide the needed African solutions to solve not only food security and economic stability but also unemployment and poverty. Proactive positive thinking and mechanisms are needed. This paper explores the forms of constructive deviant behaviors and managerial strategies to promote constructive deviance amongst farmworkers at selected South African fruit farms. As employees are important resources to assist organizations in realising their objectives, understanding the forms of constructive deviance amongst farmworkers and the managerial strategies, could assist the sector to continue rising. There seems to be limited research on the positive side of workplace deviance, especially in the African context. A qualitative research design within the paradigm of constructivism was employed to gather in-depth and invaluable data. Semi-structured interviews in the form of a narrative inquiry, were used to collect data. Thirty farmworkers and nine supervisors from three farms constituted the convenient sample for this research. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the collected narrative data. The findings revealed eight forms of constructive deviance, namely; extra-role job performance, high in-role job performance, creative job performance, whistle-blowing, urgent decision-making, disobedience of unreasonable orders and utilization of knowledge and skills. Nine managerial strategies to promote constructive deviant behaviors include effective communication, performance management, rewarding good performance, provision of training, supervisors’ support, degree of autonomy, opportunity to utilize skills, proper placement, and promotion of teamwork. The findings and further research could contribute positively towards assisting the agriculture sector to continue flourishing.

TALENT MANAGEMENT, A VETTED EMPLOYEE PERSPECTIVE THAT ACTIVATES A MUTUALITY OF PARTNERSHIP INTEREST

Humanity develops through education and experience with talents and abilities, endowed with different competencies in between individuals, to meet the demands of today's society in economic, social, and technological terms, consider it a way of life, and be valuable. Talent management and related strategies are a trending phenomenon where companies involved in local, regional, and international trade are getting involved and competing for the best employees in the job market. The “talent war” has led companies to focus on activating recruitment tools to hire the best people, work in the company's interests, improve the quantity and quality of productions and services, gain more market space, and gain superior competitive advantages. Who directs or controls talent is an important tension between high-quality employees and companies grappling with the concern that talent is equity that employees own and that the company must use. Employees are the ones who should absorb, retain, and demonstrate their talents. Companies use the talents of their employees, nurture talents, manage them in the company's interests, and provide all environmental and technical circumstances in the best possible way for the functionality of business projects. The talent that makes an employee exceptional when it comes to approaching their ability to work productively is a trait first developed by those people who have invested in improving their skills before they will be hired. Companies often ignore this fact and neglect this reality. Companies look at talents first when hiring an employee. Still, during the utilization of skills, they conquer employee skills by making those part of their organization's assets and consider employee skills as a trait only reflected in their business environment, through their organization's culture. Furthermore, they continue to consider that employee skills are mostly developed through their leadership and management style and proudly sell this merit within and to outsiders as an organizational virtue, ignoring the abilities carried over from before that the employees have. This approach forms the false attributes of values that each party indeed deserves and slowly erases the reality of merit. It creates unrest between employees and their employers and underestimates the source of exceptional skills. In addition, this behavior creates feelings of secession among employees who no longer want to see themselves working in the company, who do not feel properly valued but only feel abused and exploited indeed, resulting in a general depreciation of productivity and efficiency. This systematic literature review article has been searched from other articles, journals, books, trainer blogs, research and training centers, etc. will emphasize the need for the employee perspective to be important in talent management development in order to engage and motivate employees to gain work experience and develop their talents according to their life perspective. The period during which this research was conducted spanned from early 2023 to June 2023. With the concerns summarized above in mind, the Mutual Partnership Interest - MPI mechanism will be addressed with its properties associated with the Vetted Employee Perspective.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0089/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

Research on the Results of Chinese Womens Overseas Higher Education from the Perspective of Educational Equity: An Analysis of Employment Status among Returnees

Currently, Chinese women returnees receive preferential treatment in the job market due to their overseas educational background, but they also face inequalities. While there is considerable research on equity of higher education opportunities and processes, there is a lack of studies analyzing the equity of higher education results, specifically the employment situation of Chinese women returnees, from a gender perspective. This paper reveals the existing inequalities in the employment of women returnees in China, including disadvantages in domestic job hunting, inadequate utilization of professional skills in the workplace, and low level of career self-fulfillment. These issues are primarily associated with traditional gender role perceptions in China, the symbolical capital molded by enterprises, and gender stereotypes in the workplace. The paper suggests that addressing the employment issues of women returnees requires the establishment of a subsidy system by the government for employing organizations and increased regulatory efforts. Furthermore, employing organizations should objectively evaluate the overseas educational background of women returnees. Lastly, the government and enterprises can change stereotypes through correct public opinion and appropriate management. This study takes a gender perspective and focuses on women returnees as the research subjects, making positive explorations towards achieving equity in the results of higher education for women returnees and promoting their fair development in the job market.

The perspectives of internationally qualified nurses regarding their specialty skill transition to Australia: A cross-sectional survey.

To identify barriers and facilitators of speciality skill transfer for internationally qualified nurses in Australia from the nurses' perspective. A cross-sectional study. A cross-sectional online survey was distributed through social media, snowballing and nursing professional organization. Data analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. Online survey data from participants matching the inclusion criteria were collected from July to September 2022. Survey results reveal facilitators (competence, scope of practice, linguistic sufficiency, understanding of decision-making) and barriers (lack of opportunity, transition pathways, confidence in overseas education, financial instability) for internationally qualified nurses' speciality skill utilization in Australia. Identifying and addressing barriers and facilitators, along with developing tailored transition pathways, are crucial for maximizing speciality skill utilization among internationally qualified nurses. These findings have implications for policymakers, healthcare organizations and nurses. They highlight the need to address barriers, facilitate smooth transitions and implement proactive measures for internationally qualified nurses to effectively utilize their specialty skills. The study addresses maximizing skill usage for internationally qualified nurses, identifies barriers and facilitators for specialty skill transfer in Australia and will impact policymakers, healthcare organizations and nurses by guiding strategies for safe nursing service delivery and optimizing patient care. STROBE checklist. A total of 71 internationally qualified nurses contributed their experiences and opinions. WHAT DOES THIS PAPER CONTRIBUTE TO THE WIDER GLOBAL CLINICAL COMMUNITY?: Lack of opportunity and the lack of transition pathways inhibit the use of specialty nursing skills by internationally qualified nurses. This study's findings contradict the result of other studies that suggest language is a significant obstacle to the utilization of specialty skills of internationally qualified nurses. The protocol is registered on OSF. The data for this study are available for sharing with the reviewers upon request. However, it is worth noting that ethical approval has not been obtained specifically for web sharing, and therefore, the data has not been posted in any repositories or public platforms.

Pusat Industri Kreatif Melalui Pendekatan Arsitek Ieoh Ming Pei

According to the Ministry of Trade of the Republic of Indonesia (2009), the creative industry is an industry that originates from the utilization of individual creativity, skills and talents to create welfare and employment where according to the ministry of creative economy statistics there are 17 creative economy sub-sectors that are developing in Indonesia. From the data, this has enormous potential so that the economic sector in Medan city increases. Because Medan is one of the cities that has the largest population outside Java. Many creative industry players in the city of Medan operate individually. So that many products / works produced are less varied. With this problem faced, therefore the need for a place or container that can accommodate the activities of creative industry players. The place is called the Center for Creative Industries. In this "Creative Industry Center" through the approach of an architect, namely Ieoh Ming Pei. Ieoh Ming Pei is one of the pioneer architects of contemporary themes where he has a characteristic for each of his designs. Therefore, with Ieoh Ming Pei's approach this can be an elaboration of a theme with a good title in order to produce buildings that are synonymous with creativity.

Are motivational and self-regulation factors associated with 12 months’ weight regain prevention in the NoHoW study? An analysis of European adults

PurposePreventing weight regain can only be achieved by sustained changes in energy balance-related behaviors that are associated with weight, such as diet and physical activity. Changes in motivation and self-regulatory skills can support long-term behavioral changes in the context of weight loss maintenance. We propose that experiencing a supportive climate care is associated with enhanced satisfaction of basic psychological needs, intrinsic goals, and autonomous motivation. These factors are expected to be associate with the utilization of self-regulation skills, leading to more sustained behavior changes and ultimately preventing weight regain. This hypothesis was tested in this ancillary analysis of the NoHoW trial, where the study arms were pooled and followed for 12 months.MethodsThe NoHoW was a three-center, large-scale weight regain prevention full factorial trial. In this longitudinal study, data were collected in adults who lost > 5% weight in the past year (N = 870, complete data only, 68.7% female, 44.10 ± 11.86 years, 84.47 ± 17.03 kg) during their participation in a 12-month digital behavior change intervention. Weight and validated measures of motivational- and self-regulatory skills-related variables were collected at baseline, six- and 12 months. Change variables were used in Mplus’ path analytical models informed by NoHoW’s logic model.ResultsThe bivariate correlations confirmed key mediators’ potential effect on weight outcomes in the expected causal direction. The primary analysis showed that a quarter of the variance (r2 = 23.5%) of weight regain prevention was achieved via the mechanisms of action predicted in the logic model. Specifically, our results show that supportive climate care is associated with needs satisfaction and intrinsic goal content leading to better weight regain prevention via improvements in self-regulatory skills and exercise-controlled motivation. The secondary analysis showed that more mechanisms of action are significant in participants who regained or maintained their weight.ConclusionsThese results contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms of action leading to behavior change in weight regain prevention. The most successful participants used only a few intrinsic motivation-related mechanisms of action, suggesting that habits may have been learned. While developing a digital behavior change intervention, researchers and practitioners should consider creating supportive climate care to improve needs satisfaction and intrinsic goal contents.Trial registrationISRCTN, ISRCTN88405328, registered 12/22/2016.

The informal way to success or failure? Findings from a comparative case study on video consultation training and implementation in two Danish hospitals

BackgroundThis study evaluated an attempt to implement video consultations through a novel education intervention in telehealth training and implementation in two middle-sized hospitals in Denmark. Three units tested the education intervention along with a regional decision to strengthen multidisciplinary and cross-sectoral collaboration through technology to improve service delivery by making the process more coherent and saving time and resources. This study aims to identify what contextual factors enable workplace learning, skills acquisition, and utilization of new digital skills to use and routinize video consultations in workplace practice.MethodsThis qualitative case study draws on the principles of the realist evaluation framework using cross-case comparisons to test and refine program theories by exploring the complex and dynamic interaction among context, mechanism, and outcome. The methods in this study include participant observations, document analysis, semi-structured individual interviews, and focus groups. We performed an interpretive cross-case analysis, which explored the context-mechanism-outcome relationship using the guiding question, “What works, for whom, under what circumstances, and why?”.ResultsTwo broad mechanisms appeared to enable skills acquisition and routinization of video consultations: informal workplace learning and adjusting video consultations to professional judgment. The three units had different approaches to the implementation and training and, as such, had different outcomes. First, the skills acquired in the units differed; therefore, how and with whom they used video consultations varied. Second, video consultation use was more likely to be adjusted to workflows if unit managers were responsive to staff’s professional judgments regarding patients, as was evident in all three units.ConclusionOur study shows that a formal training course alone is insufficient to provide healthcare professionals with the skills needed to use video consultations in workplace practice. Informal workplace learning with support on the spot and continuous follow-up seems to equip healthcare professionals with the skills to use video consultations. Video consultations are more likely to be used confidently if novel workflows are adjusted to health care professionals' knowledge, skills, and judgment and their concerns regarding patient soundness.