Transfer Of Skills Research Articles

Transferable Skills in Affecting Employability Among Music Graduate Students in China

Transferable Skills in Affecting Employability Among Music Graduate Students in China

Transfer of POCUS Skills of Anesthesia Trainees from the Simulation Laboratory to Clinical Practice: A Follow-Up Pilot Evaluation After ABC US Protocol Training

Background/objectives: Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) in the intensive care unit (ICU) has gained much attention in the last few years as an alternative to the classic ways of assessing and diagnosing life-threatening conditions in critical patients. During the COVID-19 pandemic, we proposed a POCUS protocol based on the airway, breathing, and circulation (ABC) approach to quickly evaluate and diagnose life-threatening diseases in critical patients with acute respiratory failure and shock, and later, we used it as a curriculum to teach POCUS to anesthesia and intensive care trainees. Methods: We developed an evaluation protocol where evaluators with experience in POCUS in critically ill patients had to assess the trainee’s ultrasound scan; this was based on the ABC protocol taught in the simulation laboratory and applied in a clinical setting at the bedside. Results: Statistically significant differences were observed in some categories evaluated regarding independence and diagnosis. Conclusion: Initial POCUS simulation-based training using an ABC POCUS protocol (that demonstrated good results in the simulation laboratory) is useful when transferring US skills to the bedside and is applicable in daily clinical practice with good results in terms of operator independence.

Single-surgeon training of 14 novice surgeons in robotic cholecystectomy: a study of 300 consecutive cases, assessing training outcomes and surgical performance.

Robotic-assisted surgery (RAS) is a rapidly evolving field, requiring comprehensive training for widespread adoption. The aim of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of RAS cholecystectomy training in improving the technical skills and confidence of novice surgeons. Furthermore, the study examined the transferability of RAS skills to laparoscopic skills, the role of RAS cholecystectomies in reducing errors and improving patient outcomes, and identified factors that predict a successful transition from traditional laparoscopic surgery to RAS surgery. The RAST curriculum includes multimodal learning content delivered through a cloud-based platform, with three steps: basic training, simulation exercises, and structured on-patient training in the operating room. One general surgeon was trained on the Intuitive Surgical da Vinci system and assisted in performing 10 da Vinci-assisted laparoscopic cholecystectomies. In the first 300 patients who underwent robotic cholecystectomy, there were no major complications, conversions to laparoscopy, or open surgeries. The RAST curriculum demonstrates feasibility in providing a comprehensive and effective RAS training experience for surgical residents, reducing the need for extensive travel and high costs. The RAST curriculum is a promising solution for training surgical residents in RAS, with potential for widespread adoption and scalability.

Evaluating the Transfer of Surgical Skills from Simulation on Synthetic Bone to Cadaveric Bone Osteosynthesis.

Surgical simulation in traumatology requires validation to evaluate the technical skills acquired on synthetic bones. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of simulation-based training using synthetic bones on learners' technical skills and radiographic outcomes. It was hypothesized that learners trained using simulation on synthetic bones would perform better than those without such training. Sixteen learners (10 residents and 6 medical students) were randomized into two groups: Simulation and Control. The Simulation group received training on synthetic bones through modules focusing on "Olecranon" and "Humerus" osteosynthesis. Technical skills were evaluated on cadaveric specimens by blinded assessors using the OSATS (Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skill) score and a dedicated radiological score. For the "Olecranon" module, the Simulation group achieved a median OSATS score of 88, compared to 74 in the Control group (p = 0.313). In the resident subgroup, the OSATS score was significantly higher than in the Simulation group (90 vs. 77.6; p = 0.017). The median radiological score was also significantly higher in the Simulation group (76 vs. 56; p = 0.038). For the "Humerus" module, no significant differences were observed between the groups for the OSATS score (82.7 vs 63.4; p = 0.216) or the radiological score (55.5 vs. 52.8; p = 0.058). Simulation-based training on synthetic bones improved technical skills for olecranon osteosynthesis in residents but did not demonstrate similar efficacy for humeral diaphysis osteosynthesis, which may require more advanced simulation models incorporating soft tissues. III.

Application of Green Marketing on Revitalization of Coconut Coir into Eco Friendly Products to Realize a Green Economy in Lhokseumawe City

ABSTRACT The utilization of coconut coir in Lhokseumawe City remains minimal. The application of a rotary screening machine in processing coconut coir can enhance its economic value. However, the economic potential of eco-friendly coconut coir products has not been effectively marketed, causing MSMEs in this sector to struggle with sales. Despite using various media for promotion, the continued utilization of coconut coir faces challenges due to a lack of knowledge about green marketing models. Therefore, this community service initiative aims to conduct an in-depth analysis of the factors hindering green marketing implementation and develop a green marketing model for eco-friendly products. This research is expected to provide MSMEs with knowledge on processing coconut coir into sustainable products and insights into consumer preferences for eco-friendly goods. The implementation involves visiting MSMEs for knowledge and skill transfer, ensuring they can effectively market and benefit from coconut coir-based products. Keywords: green marketing, coconut coir, rotary screening machine, green products.

Impact of 3D Endovision System on Learning Process of Laparoscopic Transabdominal Preperitoneal Repair of Groin Hernia.

Background: Laparo-endoscopic hernia surgery is recommended by various international bodies. However, its uptake by general surgeon is low. We aim to assess the impact of Three Dimensional (3D) endovision system in learning laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) repair of groin hernia and transferability of skills acquired from 3D to the Two Dimensional (2D) environment. Methodology: Senior resident doctor with no previous experience in laparoscopic hernia surgery did 20 consecutive cases of TAPP repair using 3D endovision system followed by another five cases of TAPP repair using 2D endovision system. Total operating time, operating time during different phases of hernia surgery, faculty take over time, path length of needle holder, and scissors were recorded. Cumulative sum (CUSUM) and split group analysis were done to assess the learning process. Trainee's operating time was compared with that of experts' from previously published study of the same group. Data were compared between last block of five cases done using 3D system and cases done using 2D system for skill transferability. Results: CUSUM method provided inflection points of total operating time, hernia dissection and mesh placement at 9th case, and peritoneal suturing at 11th case in learning TAPP hernia. After 10th case, trainee's operating time was within the middle 50 percentage of experts operating time. Total operating time in last block of cases done under 3D vision and that of 2D endovision comparable, although peritoneal closure was significantly longer in 2D vision (P = .074, .2, .145, .001). Conclusion: Reduction on operating time appears after ninth case of TAPP hernia repair using the 3D endovision system. The skills acquired under 3D endovision system are transferable to perform the procedure under 2D endovision system, albeit incompletely. Use of 3D technology may facilitate adaptation of TAPP hernia repair by young surgeons.

Vision-language model-based human-robot collaboration for smart manufacturing: A state-of-the-art survey

Abstract human-robot collaboration (HRC) is set to transform the manufacturing paradigm by leveraging the strengths of human flexibility and robot precision. The recent breakthrough of Large Language Models (LLMs) and Vision-Language Models (VLMs) has motivated the preliminary explorations and adoptions of these models in the smart manufacturing field. However, despite the considerable amount of effort, existing research mainly focused on individual components without a comprehensive perspective to address the full potential of VLMs, especially for HRC in smart manufacturing scenarios. To fill the gap, this work offers a systematic review of the latest advancements and applications of VLMs in HRC for smart manufacturing, which covers the fundamental architectures and pretraining methodologies of LLMs and VLMs, their applications in robotic task planning, navigation, and manipulation, and role in enhancing human–robot skill transfer through multimodal data integration. Lastly, the paper discusses current limitations and future research directions in VLM-based HRC, highlighting the trend in fully realizing the potential of these technologies for smart manufacturing.

Towards personalized immersive virtual reality neurorehabilitation: a human-centered design

BackgroundHead-mounted displays can be used to offer personalized immersive virtual reality (IVR) training for patients who have suffered an Acquired Brain Injury (ABI) by tailoring the complexity of visual and auditory stimuli to the patient’s cognitive capabilities. However, it is still an open question how these virtual environments should be designed.MethodsWe used a human-centered design approach to help define the characteristics of suitable virtual training environments for ABI patients. We conducted (i) observations, (ii) interviews with eleven neurorehabilitation experts, and (iii) an online questionnaire with 24 neurorehabilitation experts to examine how therapists modify current training environments to promote patients’ recovery in conventional sensorimotor neurorehabilitation settings. Finally, (iv) we involved eight neurorehabilitation experts in a participatory design workshop to co-create examples of IVR training environments.ResultsFive phases of the recovery process (Screening, Planning, Training, Reflecting, and Discharging) and six key themes describing the characteristics of suitable (physical) training environments (Specific, Meaningful, Versatile, Educational, Safe, and Supportive) were identified. The experts agreed that modulating the number of elements (e.g., objects, people) or distractions (e.g., background noise) in the physical training environment enables therapists to provide their patients with suitable conditions to execute functional tasks. Additionally, the experts highlighted the importance of developing IVR training environments that are meaningful and realistic.ConclusionsThrough consultations with neurorehabilitation experts, we gained insights into how therapists adjust physical training environments to promote the execution of functional sensorimotor tasks in patients with diverse cognitive capabilities. Their recommendations on how to modulate and make IVR environments meaningful may contribute to increased motivation and skill transfer. Future studies on IVR-based neurorehabilitation should involve patients themselves.

Cross-cultural validation and psychometric properties study of the Chinese college students' life skills scale for sport-transfer scale.

This study aimed to conduct a cross-cultural validation of the Life Skills Scale for Sport-Transfer Scale (LSSS-TS) among Chinese college students and examine its psychometric properties. The study was conducted in three phases. In the first phase, four translation experts and five academic researchers collaborated to develop the Chinese version of the scale (C-LSSS-TS). Expert evaluations and feedback from 25 participants engaged in sports activities provided preliminary evidence for the scale's construct validity. In the second phase, 409 participants were recruited, and factor analysis was performed to validate the structural dimensions of the scale. In the third phase, 168 participants completed both the C-LSSS-TS and a standard Life Skills Scale to examine the external construct validity. The results demonstrated significant positive correlations between the subscales of sports transferable life skills and participants' overall life skills development. These findings provided robust evidence for the structural validity of the C LSSS-TS. The C-LSSS-TS is a valid and practical tool for assessing life skills development among Chinese college sports participants. It offers researchers and practitioners an effective instrument to promote and evaluate life skills development in college students.

Chasing a Mirage? A Quest for Food Security through Commercial Farming Schemes in the Pandamatenga Region of Botswana, 1983–2000

ABSTRACT This article focuses on the efforts of the Botswana government to support commercial grain farming as a strategy to achieve long-term food security, largely through increased agricultural productivity. It examines the possibilities for achieving greater food security between 1983 and 2000 through a state-sponsored model of large-scale capitalist production of grain crops at Pandamatenga village, a borderland hamlet in Chobe District in north-western Botswana. The article traces the development of the first attempt at commercial farming by selected indigenous farmers and how the project later collapsed, necessitating recruitment of experienced white expatriate farmers. It argues that, although commercial farming provided possibilities for improved productivity and a modicum of food security as well as expanded employment and the transfer of skills, it was limited by the fact that it was dominated by expatriate growers, excluding indigenous farmers in the area, and the fact that food insecurity is itself the result of inequality and constrained purchasing household levels.

Expert Comment Generation Considering Sports Skill Level Using a Large Multimodal Model with Video and Spatial-Temporal Motion Features.

In sports training, personalized skill assessment and feedback are crucial for athletes to master complex movements and improve performance. However, existing research on skill transfer predominantly focuses on skill evaluation through video analysis, addressing only a single facet of the multifaceted process required for skill acquisition. Furthermore, in the limited studies that generate expert comments, the learner's skill level is predetermined, and the spatial-temporal information of human movement is often overlooked. To address this issue, we propose a novel approach to generate skill-level-aware expert comments by leveraging a Large Multimodal Model (LMM) and spatial-temporal motion features. Our method employs a Spatial-Temporal Attention Graph Convolutional Network (STA-GCN) to extract motion features that encapsulate the spatial-temporal dynamics of human movement. The STA-GCN classifies skill levels based on these motion features. The classified skill levels, along with the extracted motion features (intermediate features from the STA-GCN) and the original sports video, are then fed into the LMM. This integration enables the generation of detailed, context-specific expert comments that offer actionable insights for performance improvement. Our contributions are twofold: (1) We incorporate skill level classification results as inputs to the LMM, ensuring that feedback is appropriately tailored to the learner's skill level; and (2) We integrate motion features that capture spatial-temporal information into the LMM, enhancing its ability to generate feedback based on the learner's specific actions. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method effectively generates expert comments, overcoming the limitations of existing methods and offering valuable guidance for athletes across various skill levels.

From Online Learning to Clinical Practice: An Investigation on the Factors Influencing Training Transfer Among Physicians.

Introduction: Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) are an agile context for workplace training, which can provide physicians with needed knowledge and skills related to their clinical practice. From an organisational standpoint, their effectiveness can be assessed on physicians' intention to transfer what they learn through them in the workplace. Despite the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) standing among the more solid models in explaining individuals' behavioural intention, its adoption in investigating the training transfer process among physicians is notably underdeveloped, limiting its contribution to enhancing the transfer rates of MOOCs content. Method: Based on such a consideration, the present study adopted an extended TPB model to investigate the potential psychosocial factors affecting the intention to transfer knowledge and skills learned through MOOCs in the workplace among 217 Italian physicians who completed an online self-report questionnaire. Results: Hierarchical regression analyses were performed, showing that among the TPB variables, perceived behavioural control and attitude significantly predicted transfer intention. The inclusion of training satisfaction and job autonomy in the model significantly increased the explained variance in intention. Conclusions: These findings have valuable implications for human resource development (HRD) in healthcare as they suggest the need to design MOOCs based on a flexible competency model in order to promote physicians' engagement and commitment to adopting new knowledge and skills. Finally, interventions aimed at recognising physicians' efforts in transferring learned content as well as empowering their ability to shape how they perform their professional duties could further enhance the impact of workplace training.

Generic Competencies in Dentistry: Students' and Teachers' Perceptions of Their Professional Relevance and Their Development in Undergraduate Studies at Universidad Diego Portales of Chile.

Generic competencies are transferable skills, knowledge and attitudes essential for personal and professional development and not restricted to any particular field. Evidence shows the relevance of incorporating them into the dentistry curriculum. However, defining which competencies to prioritise is complex and requires input from the academic community. This research aimed to understand the perception of dentistry students and teachers at Universidad Diego Portales regarding the importance of generic competencies in the profession and their development during undergraduate studies. 74 teachers and 256 students participated, representing 55% of the study population. The Tuning Latin America project's generic competencies questionnaire was used, assessing 27 competencies in terms of relevance, ranking, and development. A positive perception regarding the importance of generic competencies was observed, with over 90% of participants considering them quite or highly relevant. When ranking, five skills stood out: three from the learning process, one from social values, and one from interpersonal skills. Regarding the development of such skills, both teachers and students expressed that many competencies were not well implemented; over 50% of participants considered 14 of the presented skills as poorly developed or not developed at all. Each programme must select generic competencies for their students' training, as this definition varies according to the consulted group and country. Both teachers and students recognised the professional relevance of generic competencies in dentistry. Both groups perceived that many were not adequately developed in the curriculum.

Comparison of perioperative outcomes of DaVinci robot and Hugo robot radical prostatectomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

To compare the safety and efficacy of radical prostatectomy with DaVinci robot and Hugo robot. The system searches Embase, PubMed, Cochrane library, and Web of Science 4 database. The search time ranges from database creation to June 2024. Stata17 was used for statistical analysis. A total of 5 studies were conducted, including 816 patients. The results showed that there was no difference in age, preoperative prostate volume, preoperative PSA level, operation time, estimated blood loss, length of stay, overall complications, urinary incontinence, lymph node yield, and positive margin between DaVinci robot and Hugo robot radical prostatectomy. However, the BMI of DaVinci group was larger than that of Hugo (Effect=0.47, 95%Cl [0.03, 0.91], P<0.05). The BMI of the DaVinci group seems to be larger, and Hugo robotic radical prostatectomy seems to be as effective as DaVinci robotic radical prostatectomy. But more well-designed studies are needed to assess the oncology outcomes and cost-effectiveness of both. In addition to this, the accumulation of surgeon experience and the transfer of robotic skills are worthy of further attention.

The efficacy of adaptive training in immersive virtual reality for a fine motor skill task

Immersive virtual reality (IVR) offers novel and promising ways of continuously adapting training content and difficulty to the individual trainee, thus paving the way for an improved fit between training content and trainee needs. The objective of the present study was to investigate the efficiency of utilising self-efficacy and performance measures to continuously adapt training content to the individual trainee. Using a preregistered, between-subjects experiment, 130 participants were randomly assigned to receive virtual training content that was either based on behavioural measures at the beginning of the study (fixed training) or that continuously adapted to the behaviour of the trainee (adaptive training). The results revealed no significant difference between the groups for either performance or self-efficacy, suggesting that the additional development required for fully adaptive training may be unwarranted in some cases. Further research should investigate when the additional complexity of adaptive training is outweighed by enhanced efficiency. That said, results revealed an overall beneficial effect of IVR-based training. However, while IVR had an overall positive effect on performance, transfer was only observed to a limited extent. Specifically, participants improved in both accuracy (d = −0.41) and speed (d = −0.43) on a virtual performance test, while performance on a real equivalent (i.e., transfer of skill) showed improved accuracy (d = −0.25) but reduced speed (d = 0.17). In other words, the study demonstrates that performance measures in IVR should not necessarily be expected to transfer to similar tasks outside IVR without a potential loss in performance, emphasising the need for future studies to include measures of skill transfer when investigating IVR-based training.

Role of parenting attitudes and basic psychological needs in life skills development and transfer among Korean student-athletes

Recent literature on positive youth development through sports has consistently emphasized the role of parents in developing and transferring life skills of athletes. However, related research findings are still lacking, especially within Asia. This study aimed to validate a structural relationship of perceived positive and negative parenting attitudes, basic psychological needs, life skills development, and transfer among student-athletes in South Korea. A survey was conducted with 355 high school athletes aged 16 to 18 (263 males and 92 females; average age 17.04) registered with the Korea Olympic Committee. They participated in 10 different sports, including Taekwondo, soccer, baseball, basketball, badminton, and swimming. Structural equation model analysis was conducted to examine hypotheses. The research results showed that positive parenting attitudes directly predicted basic psychological needs and life skill development, and indirect effects were also confirmed. On the other hand, negative parenting attitudes directly predicted a negative impact on life skill development, but no indirect effects were found. Finally, life skill development positively predicted transfer. These results demonstrate that parents play a direct or indirect role in the development and transfer of life skills among student-athletes by satisfying their basic psychological needs.

From gaming to reality: effectiveness of skills transfer from competitive sandbox gaming environment to near and far contexts

Esports or competitive video gaming has been increasingly utilized to enhance essential twenty-first century skills. However, there is limited evidence on the extent to which the skills acquired from a gaming environment can be transferred to other settings. This study employed an experimental design to investigate the effectiveness of a competitive sandbox game environment in enabling the transfer of the 4Cs skills to both near and far tasks, in contrast with a non-game environment. A cohort of 110 students from a university were randomly allocated to both conditions for the 4Cs skills training. The skills transferability was measured through self-reports, observations, and interviews. The findings indicated no significant differences in the transfer of creativity, critical thinking, and communication skills in near and far settings following both training environments. Interestingly, a competitive gaming environment significantly facilitated the transfer of collaboration skills to near tasks evidenced by performance-based assessments. Moreover, although the hypotheses 1c and 3c were not statistically supported, the small to medium effect size suggests that there were practical differences between the groups in self-reported collaboration skills in near and far tasks. Additionally, analysis of individual interviews with 41 participants indicated that the successful transference was attributed to an array of scaffolds (i.e., mentorship, collaborative problem-solving environment, autonomy, and guided checklists) while the failure to detect positive effects was explained by various constraints (i.e., unfamiliarity with game rules, limited time, lack of practice, and established cognitive patterns). These findings add new insights into the literature on game-based learning and transfer of learning and inform researchers to further investigate the longitudinal effect of skills transfer and retention in both academic and professional spheres.

Police Training Revisited: Meeting the Demands of Conflict Training with a New Constraints-Led Approach

Recent data indicate that police officers often feel unprepared for the ambiguous and unpredictable situations they face. The Constraints-Led Approach (CLA) to training can make police training more realistic and effective, as well as enhance retention and transfer of core psychomotor skills. CLA-based training emphasizes active, hands-on training that gradually includes key constraints (contexts) of real-life police operations. Initial studies show that CLA-based training can support police officers’ development of practical problem-solving skills in realistic scenarios in ways superior to traditional technique-based instruction.

From Mat to Mastery: Lifelong Skills Learned through Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

This study investigates the potential for Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu (BJJ), a close-contact martial art, to cultivate real-world life skills beyond physical self-defense. Conducted in a Phoenix, Arizona, gym setting, the research employed a quantitative experimental design with in-person surveys to assess the transferability of BJJ-learned abilities and experiences into daily life strategies. Two surveys were developed, targeting adult participants, young adults, and the parents/legal guardians of youth enrolled in BJJ classes. With a participation rate of 62.9% from the gym’s membership base, the study yielded significant findings. Notably, all participants reported a strong sense of community fostered by the BJJ program. Beyond this social benefit, the research suggests that BJJ can play a role in mitigating feelings of anxiety and depression. The analysis revealed a positive correlation between BJJ participation and psychological and emotional well-being, with participants reporting a transfer of life skills learned on the mats to real-world situations. These findings contribute to the growing body of evidence on the holistic benefits of martial arts, suggesting that BJJ can extend its positive influence beyond the realm of physical self-defense and into the emotional and psychological well-being of its practitioners.

Low-Cost, High-Fidelity 3D-Printed Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Dislocation Reduction Task Trainer.

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dislocation is an emergency that requires prompt reduction to relieve pain and restore function. However, practicing reduction techniques can be challenging due to the limited availability of real-world cases and high-fidelity task trainers. Hands-on TMJ dislocation reduction task trainers are not readily available, highlighting the need to improve traditional education methods to provide more effective and accessible hands-on learning opportunities. To address this gap, we developed a low-cost, high-fidelity three-dimensional (3D) printed TMJ dislocation reduction task trainer using open-source 3D computer-assisted design files. This innovative simulator provides a realistic, anatomically accurate model to teach and practice TMJ dislocation reduction techniques. The task trainer was designed using 3D printing technology and inexpensive, readily available materials, significantly reducing production costs while maintaining high anatomical fidelity. The model replicates key anatomical features of the TMJ, including the mandibular condyles and articular surfaces, allowing for realistic hand placement, joint manipulation, and reduction procedures. A stepwise approach was followed in the model's development, including iterative printing and validation through expert feedback from emergency medicine, oral and maxillofacial surgery, and simulation experts. The final product was evaluated in a pilot study, where resident physicians and medical students practiced reduction techniques on the trainer. Participants reported high satisfaction with the realism of the task trainer, particularly regarding tactile feedback and ease of manipulation. With a 3D printer already available, cost analysis demonstrated that the materials for each task trainer cost less than $20. This cost-effective solution has the potential to democratize access to quality TMJ reduction training worldwide. In addition, the modular design of the task trainer allows for customization, offering opportunities for further advancements in medical simulation education. Future areas of investigation include further validation studies to assess skill transfer to clinical settings and incorporation of this task trainer into emergency medicine and dental training programs. We believe that this low-cost, high-fidelity model will play a critical role in improving hands-on training for TMJ dislocation reduction, benefiting both learners and patients by enhancing clinical preparedness.