We have as yet no information as to whether or not the chronic poisoning from cadmium exists in our country. In order to study this problem, we carried out an investigation on the health conditions of all the workers in a certain cadmium smelter. So far as we know, the study reported here is the first on the medical examination of cadmium workers in Japan. The examinations were done twice with an interval of about one year, the first on Sep. 6 and 7, 1961 and the second on Oct. 24 and 25, 1962. At the first examination 20 workers were examined, 18 of which were examined at the second occasion owing to change posts of two workers during the interval. They were all male adults aged 24 to 54 years. In Oct. 1962 they had been exposed to cadmium for 8 years and 6 months on the average (the longest for 18 y.3 mo., the shortest for 1 y. 7 mo.). We measured their heights, weights and vital capacities, and examined their noses, throats, teeth, x-ray images of chests and skeletons, blood (specific weight of blood, hemoglobin, punctate basophilia, reticulocytes, alkaline phosphatase, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and A/G ratio), and urine (protein, urobilinogen and porphyrin). The results thus obtained are as follows (table 2 and 3 in the original article) : Only one case of cadmium ring was found among the examinees and other symptoms of the chronic cadmium poisoning such as emphysema, anosmia, cadmium rhinitis, proteinuria, renal damage, acceleration of erythrocyte sedimentation rate, mild anemia, hepatic damage, loss of body weight and skeletal abnormalities were negative. These findings are same as those hitherto reported in the United States.