Skeletal Muscle Mass Function Research Articles

The role of gut microbiota in bone homeostasis.

The gut microbiota (GM) is referred to as the second gene pool of the human body and a commensal, symbiotic, and pathogenic microorganism living in our intestines. The knowledge of the complex interaction between intestinal microbiota and health outcomes is a novel and rapidly expanding the field. Earlier studies have reported that the microbial communities affect the cellular responses and shape many aspects of physiology and pathophysiology within the body, including muscle and bone metabolism (formation and resorption). GM influences the skeletal homeostasis via affecting the host metabolism, immune function, hormone secretion, and the gut-brain axis. The premise of this review is to discuss the role of GM on bone homeostasis and skeletal muscle mass function. This review also opens up new perspectives for pathophysiological studies by establishing the presence of a 'microbiota-skeletal' axis and raising the possibility of innovative new treatments for skeletal development.

DXA Appendicular Lean Soft Tissue Association with Skeletal Muscle Mass Function

0481 An important component of assessing fitness in children and adolescents is quantifying skeletal muscle mass (SM) and function. One recently develop method of measuring SM is dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), but reported methods were developed in adults. The DXA approach is based on the assumption that appendicular lean soft tissue (LST) as measured by DXA has a large fraction as SM. PURPOSE: In the present study we examined the associations between DXA-measured arm LST (kg), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) arm SM (kg), and grip strength (kg) using a hand dynamometer. METHODS: Magnetic resonance imaging was carried out using 1 cm thick slices with 4 cm gaps. Adipose tissue-free SM was estimated by hand segmentation of each image slice. Subjects were ethnically-mixed healthy children and adolescents. The subjects were 47 males and females, ages 6 to 17 yrs. RESULTS: There was strong correlations between arm LST and corresponding MRI-measured arm SM [right arm, SM = 0.30xLST + 0.11, R2 = 0.93, p<0.001; left arm, SM = 0.56xLST – 0.063, R2 = 0.93, p<0.001]. There were also good and non-significantly different correlations between grip strength and DXA-LST [right arm, grip = 9.6xLST + 5.9, R2 = 0.73, p<0.001; left arm, grip = 9.2xLST +5.3, R2 = 0.69, p<0.001] and MRI-SM []. The findings did change when age and sex were entered into the analysis. CONCLUSION: Our findings thus indicate a strong association between DXAmeasured arm LST, MRI-measured arm SM, and grip strength. These findings support the use of DXA as a measure of functional tissue mass.

DXA Appendicular Lean Soft Tissue Association with Skeletal Muscle Mass Function

DXA Appendicular Lean Soft Tissue Association with Skeletal Muscle Mass Function