Sixth-grade Students Research Articles

Mathematical Literacy of Middle School Students Improving Awareness Levels: Design-Based A Research

Design-based research develops practical solutions to complex real-life challenges through reasoning to improve students' mathematical literacy achievement levels and mathematical literacy awareness levels. In this context, this method was used to determine the needs of the students and to see whether the applications made in line with their deficiencies worked or not, thus to observe that the system worked and their mathematical literacy improved. Working with the real world in the design-based research method provides formal evaluation beyond narrow measurements in reaching research results of contextual learning. This research was designed according to a design-based research model in order to improve the mathematical literacy success levels and mathematical literacy awareness levels of secondary school students. The study group consists of 43 sixth grade students in Dörtyol district of Hatay province in the 2018-2019 academic year, according to the criterion sampling type, one of the purposeful sampling types. Mathematics literacy achievement test and mathematics literacy self-efficacy scale (MOÖYÖ) were used as data collection tools in the study. Descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and independent groups t test were applied in the analysis of quantitative data. According to the quantitative results of the research, students received low scores in the preliminary achievement test, but their intermediate success, final success and retention scores increased; It was concluded that mathematical literacy (ML) scores also increased positively.

The Effect of Dienes Strategy on The Achievement of Sixth Grade Students in the Subject of Social Studies

إثر استراتيجية (Dienes) في تحصيل تلاميذ الصف السادس الابتدائي في مادة الاجتماعيات حيث تم صياغة الفرضية الصفرية التالية لتحقيق هدف البحث. لا توجد فروق ذو دلالة احصائية عند مستوى 0.05 بين متوسط درجات تلاميذ المجموعة التجريبية والذين يدرسون المادة على وفق استراتيجية دينيز ومتوسط درجات تلاميذ المجموعة الضابطة التي تدرس المادة ذاتها وفق الطريقة الاعتيادية في اختبار التحصيل البعدي. وقد اختار الباحث بطريقه قصدية احدى المدارس الابتدائية عينه لبحثه والتي تمثلت بمدرسة صقر احد , وبطريقه السحب العشوائي البسيط اختار الشعبة (أ) لتكون المجموعة التجريبية والتي تدرس وفق استراتيجية دنيز والشعبة (ب) لتكون المجموعة الضابطة والتي تدرس وفق الطريقة الاعتيادية بواقع 60 تلميذ وتلميذة في المجموعتين 30 تلميذ لكل مجموعة وتم اجراء التكافؤ بين المجموعتين في عدد من المتغيرات والتي شملت التحصيل الدراسي للام والاب والعمر الزمني للتلاميذ محسوبا بالشهور واختبار الذكاء لأحمد زكي صالح ودرجات مادة الاجتماعيات للعام الدراسي السابق 2021 –2022, طبق الباحث التجربة في الكورس الدراسي الاول واعد لذلك اختبار تحصيل مكون من 50 فقرة اختبارية موضوعية من نوع اختيار من متعدد وبعد التأكد من صدق وثبات الفقرات تم تطبيقه على عينة البحث وبعد انتهاء التجربة واخضاع النتائج لعمليات إحصائية باستعمال الاختبار التائي لعينتين مستقلتين اظهرت النتائج وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية ولصالح المجموعة التجريبية وتأسيسا على نتائج البحث خرج الباحث بجملة من الاستنتاجات وختم بحثه ببعض التوصيات والمقترحات.

The Application of "Three Comprehensiveness " Model in Chinese Primary School Labor Education

Objective: This paper focuses on the comprehensive development of the five education programs in schools, truly leveraging the important role of labor education. The school conducts practical research on the "Three Comprehensiveness" model curriculum system of labor education, which involves full participation, comprehensive implementation， interdisciplinary integration, to enable students to acquire labor skills, learn cooperation and cultivate new generations who understand, know and love labor.
 
 Method: Conduct research using sampling and testing methods.Using a simple random sampling method, 100 Grade 6 students were selected from Min’an Primary School, Nantou Town, Zhongshan City. The research was conducted by questionnaire survey of students, teachers and parents, teacher interview.Through SPSS reliability and validity analysis, students' labor concepts, labor skills and labor values are analyzed.Through the action research method, observe the changes of students in labor habits and labor values.
 
 Result: All students participate in labor education, which is carried out through a combination of on campus and off campus education, integrated with the seven disciplines of Chinese, mathematics, English, science, art, physical education, and information technology. This enables students to increase their labor knowledge, acquire labor skills, cultivate good labor habits, and establish correct labor values.
 
 Conclusion: Understand the level of labor awareness, attitude, skills, daily life, labor education, labor value, and labor habits of sixth grade students; The integration of labor education in the seven disciplines of primary school Chinese, mathematics, English, science, art, physical education, and information technology; By investigating students, education, and parents' attitudes towards labor education, we can understand the methods and approaches for cultivating labor education both on and off campus.

Improving Science Conceptual Understanding and Attitudes in Elementary Science Classes through the Development and Application of a Rule-Based AI Chatbot

Abstract This study aimed to develop a specialized rule-based AI chatbot tailored for a sixth-grade optics unit and to evaluate the impact of the implementation of the chatbot on students’ cognitive and affective outcomes related to science within the classroom setting. Specifically, this study explored how factors such as gender and achievement levels have an impact on student attitudes. The development of the rule-based chatbot adhered to the network-based instructional systems design framework, which involves the application of the analyze, design, develop, implement, and evaluate model to the e-learning design and development process. The participants were 192 sixth-grade students, with 81 in the experimental group and 111 in the control group. The results revealed a positive effect on students’ science achievement and interest, with a particularly significant impact on those with lower achievement levels. Notably, the chatbot played a crucial role in elevating the interest of female students in science. These findings highlight the need for continued research into the integration of rule-based AI chatbots in science education.

Penggunaan media 3D untuk meningkatkan kemampuan numerasi siswa kelas VI pada mata pelajaran matematika materi bangun ruang di sekolah dasar

This thesis research was carried out based on the existing problems in the field, namely the low numeracy skills of the sixth grade students of SD Negeri 1 Keputran. In this study, three-dimensional media were used in the subject matter of mathematics in geometric shapes. This study used the Classroom Action Research (CAR) method with a descriptive qualitative approach. Data collection techniques used in this study are: observation, interviews, documentation and tests. The results of this study indicate a fairly good increase in each cycle. In cycle I, the percentage of student completeness was 54.54% of a total of 22 students. In the implementation of cycle II, the percentage of student completeness was 68.18% of a total of 21 students. Cycle III obtained the results of the percentage of student completeness of 90.90% of a total of 22 students

Model Inkuiri Terbimbing Berbantuan Buku Dongeng Movable Berbasis Etnosains untuk Meningkatkan Literasi Sains Siswa

Science literacy is an essential skill that elementary school pupils need to be mastered. This study aimed to enhance the sixth-grade students' scientific literacy of SDN Cililitan 02 by implementing a guided inquiry model assisted by an ethnoscience-based movable storytale book. The Kemmis & McTaggart model was utilized in this classroom action research and carried out for 2 cycles of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The subjects of this research were 32 sixth-grade students of SDN Cililitan 02 in the academic year 2021-2022. Data collection techniques used in this study included observation, interviews, and tests. The results showed that applying the guided inquiry model assisted by an ethnoscience-based movable storytale book improved the sixth-grade students’ scientific literacy of SDN Cililitan 02. The average scientific literacy percentage of the students in the pre-cycle test was 41.25%. The average percentage of students who completed scientific literacy tests was 67.19% in the first cycle and grew to 85.94% in the second. Applying the guided inquiry model assisted by ethnoscience-based movable fairy tale books makes learning more contextual through scientific methods by presenting local cultural content close to students' daily lives.

Using Whatsapp in Teaching Vocabulary: A Case Study from Palestine

essaging applications have become well-known among 21st-century students worldwide and in Palestine in particular. These applications are useful in teaching and learning all disciplines and English in particular. This study has sought to find out the effect of using the WhatsApp application in enriching primary school students’ vocabulary. To this end, a 20 sixth-grade students (10 males and 10 females) from Al-Omariya Private Schools, Nablus were selected as a study sample. Since the research adopted one-group design method, a pre-test was administered to assess the student's level in vocabulary knowledge and to ensure their homogeneity. After that, the students in the experimental group received vocabulary instructions and a teacher's pedagogy through WhatsApp messages, which included pictures, texts and videos, three days a week for two months. A post-test was administered to the experimental group to measure the effect of using WhatsApp instructions on their vocabulary knowledge and gender as well. The results revealed that using WhatsApp had a significant effect on the improvement of the student's vocabulary knowledge. They also showed that there were differences in the effect of using WhatsApp in teaching vocabulary between males and females in favor of males. In light of these findings, the researchers suggest using WhatsApp messaging in other private and government schools.
 This study contributed to raising the awareness of students, teachers and curriculum designers of the importance of utilizing WhatsApp in teaching and learning. It also contributed to introducing students to new strategies and techniques for learning English vocabulary in a new environment that promotes students’ motivation and enhances autonomous learning whenever and wherever they want according to their pace. The study may also participate in introducing foreign researchers to the reality and capacities of the Palestinian educational context that may lead to mutual collaboration in future.

THE EFFECT OF PBL ASSISTED BY PhET SIMULATION ON CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS IN CLASS VI SCIENCE LEARNING AT ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS IN THE BANYUMUDAL CLUSTER, KEBUMEN REGENCY, ACADEMIC YEAR 2022/2023

<em><span>Problem Based Learning equipped by PhET Simulation multimedia is a factor influencing student's critical thinking skills. The study aimed to examine: (1) the influence of Problem Based Learning equipped by PhET Simulation multimedia on critical thinking skills in natural science to sixth grade students and (2) the effectiveness of Problem Based Learning equipped by PhET Simulation multimedia on critical thinking skills in natural science to sixth grade students. This quantitative research design is quasi-experimental. The samples were 48 students from SDN 2 Panjer and SDN 1 Panjer. The study was conducted in 6 months. The sampling technique used purposive sampling. The results indicated that: (1) on the independent sample t-test, the value of Sig. (2-tailed) was 0.046 <0.05. (2) On the N-Gain test, the average value was 0.3923. It concludes that there are significant influences and effectiveness of Problem Based Learning equipped by PhET Simulation multimedia on critical thinking skills in natural science to sixth grade students of public elementary schools at Banyumudal Cluster, Kebumen Regency, in academic year of 2022/2023. This is in line with the advantages of PhET Simulation which makes it easier for students to explore their own knowledge critically. This research can be a reference for future research in the development of students' critical thinking skills.</span></em>

Support For The Comprehensive School Health Model To Increase Reproductive Health Knowledge Of Elementary School Children As A Primary Prevention Effort

The research explores the impact of the Comprehensive School Health model on enhancing the reproductive health knowledge of primary school children as a primary prevention effort. In an era of rapid social and technological changes, early-age reproductive health awareness is crucial. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Comprehensive School Health model in improving the reproductive health knowledge of primary school children. The purpose of this research is to assess whether the Comprehensive School Health model significantly enhances the reproductive health knowledge of primary school children. It seeks to determine if this approach can be a viable strategy for primary prevention in the field of reproductive health. The study employs a pre-experimental design with a One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Data was collected through observations, interviews, and documentation. The sample consists of sixth-grade students from an elementary school in Sorong District, selected using total sampling. Statistical analysis included Wilcoxon tests and rank biserial correlation. The results indicate a significant improvement in the reproductive health knowledge of primary school children following the intervention. The Wilcoxon test showed a p-value of <0.001, and the mean difference was -35.0, signifying a substantial increase in knowledge. The effect size was 1.62, indicating a significant impact, and a strong negative rank biserial correlation of -1.00 revealed a robust correlation between the intervention and knowledge improvement. This study concludes that the Comprehensive School Health model is effective in significantly enhancing the reproductive health knowledge of primary school children, with a substantial effect size and a strong correlation between the intervention and knowledge improvement. These findings emphasize the importance of early-age reproductive health education and highlight the potential of this model as an effective strategy for primary prevention in the field of reproductive health.

Thai elementary students’ drawings of mathematicians, scientists, and engineers

ABSTRACT A workforce literate in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) is necessary in countries. Whether students pursue careers in STEM depends on how they perceive it. Despite research on students’ perceptions of professionals in each field of STEM, few attempts have been made to compare these perceptions across fields. This study investigates 19 Thai fourth- to sixth-grade students’ drawings of mathematicians, scientists, and engineers. The results show that they drew more engineers than either scientists or mathematicians. Regardless of field, they drew more men than women. For many students, mathematicians teach mathematics, scientists conduct chemical experiments, and engineers build buildings.

Effect of Using Multimedia-Based Learning on Motivation and Learning Outcomes

Science subject is one of the lessons that does not only convey theory, but requires practice to gain direct experience for students. Weak learning motivation in students causes the low quality of student learning outcomes. The objective of this study is to determine whether usage has any effect multimedia-based learning media on student motivation and learning outcomes of sixth-grade students on solar system material. This study is a quantitative descriptive methodology using a control group with a pretest-posttest design. The participants in this study are Elementary school in Bekasi and 56 students were included in the sample. This study's findings show that the experimental class's N-Gain percentage scores were higher than average, which are 48.1% higher in characteristics of learning motivation and in the control class on N-Gain percentage score is only 29.67%. Similar to the learning motivation, the experimental class’s N-Gain percentage score for learning outcomes is 71.02%, while the control class demonstrated a result of 46.58%. As a result, it is possible to conclude that the usage of multimedia-based learning resources has an effect on the sixth-grade students’ solar system science learning motivation and learning outcomes.

Analisis kesalahan paragraf dalam menulis karangan deskripsi peserta didik kelas VI pada pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia

<p>This study aims to describe paragraph errors in the description essay. Paragraph errors in the form of, (1) Element completeness errors, (2) Unity errors, and (3) Cohesion errors. Then the most dominant error and the cause of paragraph errors in the description essay of grade VI elementary school. This research is qualitative descriptive research, the subjects in this study were sixth grade students. Data collection using document studies and interviews. The validity test technique used is triangulation of sources and techniques. The technical data analysis used is the analysis of Tarigan-language fragments. The results of this study are as follows. Element completeness errors were found to be 48.56%, unity errors of 25.44%, and cohesiveness errors of 25.83%. The most dominant error is the error of elemental completeness. Factors causing paragraph errors caused by students include: lack of student interest in Indonesian language, especially writing and reading, lack of vocabulary, and low motivation of students to learn Indonesian. While the factors that come from the class teacher are in the form of choosing inappropriate learning models or strategies, delivery that is only fleeting in a short time.</p>

Impact of a video-based nutrition education program on the nutrition knowledge of students and parents: evidence from the North Region of Cameroon.

Schools are an attractive platform for improving the dietary knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of children and their families, yet limited nutrition knowledge amongst educators can impede nutrition education efforts. Information and communication technology (ICT) can potentially overcome this barrier, yet there is limited evidence for its effectiveness in school settings in low- and middle-income countries. We implemented a randomized field experiment in 50 schools in the North Region of Cameroon to assess the effectiveness of a school-based nutrition education program at improving the nutrition knowledge of fifth and sixth grade students and their parents. We evaluate the relative effectiveness of video-based versus typical classroom instruction. Nutrition knowledge is assessed using a pre-post questionnaire and analyzed using analysis of covariance. We find that students exposed to the video treatment improved their nutrition knowledge scores by 0.45 standard deviation more (equivalent to an additional 1.3 out of 14 correct answers) than students that received traditional classroom instruction. There is no differential impact of video on the nutrition knowledge scores of parents. Videos can improve knowledge gains compared with typical classroom instruction, but questions remain as to the conditions under which videos and other ICT are most effective as instructional tools.

Implementation of the Time Token Learning Model to Improve Students' Learning Outcomes in Islamic Cultural History Subject for Grade VI at MI Nurussalam Mantingan

The teaching of Islamic cultural history has often been teacher-centered, where the teacher transfers knowledge to passive students. This phenomenon is also observed at MI Nurussalam Mantingan, where many students struggle with solving problems, resulting in low learning outcomes. This is attributed to the lack of opportunities for students to think critically, express their ideas, and write proficiently. To address this issue, the researcher implemented a cooperative learning model to activate students and enhance the learning process, with one such model being the Time Token cooperative learning model. The research problem addressed in this study is whether the implementation of the Time Token cooperative learning model can improve students' learning outcomes. The aim of this research is to investigate students' learning outcomes after the implementation of the Time Token cooperative learning model. This study employed Classroom Action Research (CAR), with the subjects being 24 sixth-grade students at MI Nurussalam. Data were collected through observation sheets for teacher and student activities, as well as test items to measure students' learning outcomes using percentage formulas. The analysis of the data revealed that students' learning outcomes increased from 58% in Cycle I to 92% in Cycle II. It can be concluded that students' learning outcomes significantly improved through the implementation of the Time Token cooperative learning model, with a 92% increase in learning outcomes.

Test anxiety's influence on attitudes, confidence and efficacy in STEM courses: a pilot study

PurposeThis pilot study aims to examine the prevalence of test anxiety and its interplay with attitudes, confidence, efficacy, academic performance and socio-demographic factors within the domain of science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) courses.Design/methodology/approachThe authors employed a quantitative, cross-sectional design with 549 sixth-grade students from public lower secondary schools in Prishtina, Kosovo, using the Student Attitudes Toward STEM Survey (S-STEM) for middle/high schools and the test anxiety questionnaire.FindingsOver 70% of Kosovo's sixth-grade students reported moderate to severe test anxiety. The age of students was found to be inversely related to academic performance in STEM. The father's employment was associated with favorable STEM attitudes, confidence, efficacy and academic performance. Having a personal study environment was connected with favorable STEM attitudes, confidence and efficacy in STEM, whereas access to technology was associated with positive academic performance. Test anxiety, academic performance and personal study space predicted students' attitudes, confidence and efficacy in STEM and 21st-century learning.Practical implicationsEducational institutions should prioritize student well-being. By addressing test anxiety, these institutions can create supportive learning environments that improve attitudes, confidence and efficacy in STEM fields. These efforts are crucial for STEM career development and student success in the 21st-century workforce.Originality/valueThe current study findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the factors influencing STEM student engagement and performance, highlighting the importance of addressing test anxiety for positive learning outcomes while emphasizing the need to consider socio-economic and contextual factors in education.

Developing Mathematics Achievement and Inductive Reasoning: A Proposed Technique According to Brain Compatible Learning Theory

Recent research has shown the need to present knowledge to students in a manner consistent with the characteristics of the human brain, especially during learning mathematics, which contributes to the development of achievement and inductive reasoning. The current study aimed to develop achievement and inductive reasoning by employing brain-compatible learning theory in teaching and learning mathematics for sixth-grade students in Oman. The sample included (74) students, who were divided into two equal groups: experimental and control. Study data were collected using mathematical achievement tests and inductive reasoning. There were significant differences between the two groups in the post-application of the achievement and inductive reasoning tests in favor of the experimental group, which indicates that teaching mathematics according to the theory of learning compatible with the brain had a significant impact on the development of achievement and inductive reasoning among the participants. The study recommended the need to develop and teach mathematics curricula in a way that allows for the practice of many activities and exercises that contribute to the development of students’ achievement and inductive reasoning skills.

Education for Sustainable Development (ESD): Analysis of System Thinking Competencies of Primary School Learners

Objective: Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is a 2030 agenda comprised of 17 goals. One of these goals, the fourth, pertains to Quality Education and includes indicator 4.7, Education for Sustainable Development (ESD), as one of its achievements. The implementation of ESD in education targets the instillation of systems thinking competencies within learning objectives. Consequently, students are expected to possess systems thinking competencies as a direct outcome of the learning process. The purpose of the research is to find out how good the system thinking competence of students in elementary schools is. Method: This study employs descriptive quantitative methods, analyzing 15 tested items to assess system thinking competencies. The analysis of competency in system thinking involved 65 sixth-grade students at Elementary School 1 Sukaraja. Data collected was analyzed using the Rasch model via the Winstep application. Results: The analysis of the data obtained revealed a notably low interaction between the items and the student's responses, with Cronbach Alpha producing a logit of 0.34. This suggests that students have limited ability to engage with complex systems, as evidenced by the logit number of -0.8. Novelty: The development of systems thinking competency in elementary school students must be continually monitored and fostered as an essential aspect of applying ESD principles to real-life issues to ensure a sustainable future. This is based on an analysis of the data obtained regarding the long-term impact of such an approach on the students' problem-solving abilities.

The Effect of Flip PDF Corporate E-Module on Mathematical Concept Understanding of Sixth Grade Elementary School Students

There is an issue concerning the low understanding of students regarding the concepts of surface area and volume of a sphere. Innovative learning media system is needed to increase students' understanding of mathematical concepts. This study aims to analyze the effect of the use of the Flip PDF Corporate e-module on students’ understanding of the concept of surface area and volume of a sphere. This quantitative research study used a quasi-experimental method with the Pretest - Posttest Control Group Design. The data collection techniques in this research include tests, questionnaires, and observations. The population of this study consists of sixth-grade students from State Elementary School. The research sample includes 15 students from the experimental group and 13 students from the control group, all of whom are from the sixth grade of State Elementary School. The experimental group received treatment in the form of the Flip PDF Corporate e-module and the control group was only given textbooks. The test instrument consisted of 10 multiple-choice questions. Data were analyzed using T-test with the help of the SPSS software. The results of the T-test are in the Sig column. (2-tailed) showed a significant p-value of 0.024. This indicates that H0 is rejected and there is a significant difference in the post-test results between the experimental and the control groups. In other words, the use of Flip PDF Corporate e-module affects the student’s ability to understand the concepts of surface area and volume of a sphere in the sixth grade of State Elementary School.

Positive relationships of character strengths with fitness and physical activity in primary school children

ABSTRACT Objective: This study is the first to examine the relationship between character strengths, objective physical fitness, and physical activity in primary school children. Design: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2016 and 2017 at a school in Japan. Main Outcome Measures: We obtained informed consent from 236 fourth-grade students; 122 fifth-grade students; and 142 sixth-grade students. After excluding participants with missing data, 473 children (247 boys and 226 girls; aged 9–12 years) with informed consent were included in the study. We measured character strengths, physical fitness, and/or physical activity of fourth- to sixth-grade participants. Results: Among boys, the total score of physical fitness was significantly associated with perseverance-honesty, courage-ideas, compassion-gratitude, and fairness-care (p < 0.05). Among girls, the total score of physical fitness was significantly associated with perseverance-honesty, courage-ideas, and compassion-gratitude (p < 0.05). Regarding the relationship between character strengths and physical activity, perseverance-honesty was significantly associated with total steps and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), whereas courage ideas were significantly associated with total steps (p < 0.05) in boys. In girls, perseverance-honesty was associated with MVPA (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Our findings revealed that character strengths are positively associated with objective physical fitness and physical activity in primary-school children.

Reading and writing difficulties in third- and sixth-grade students: a cross-sectional survey.

In Southern Italy and, specifically, in the region of Campania, many surveys show that the average of students with reading difficulties is much higher than in northern Italy and abroad. On the other hand, specific learning disorders (SLDs) in Campania are much less certified. Since there are no etiological reasons that can explain this apparent inconsistency, an objective of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the extent of reading/writing difficulties in students from a province of Campania and then to assess the ability of teachers to identify such difficulties in their students. Of a total of 241 enrolled students, 155 (64.31%), including 73 from primary school and 82 from secondary school, belonging to 5 schools in the province of Salerno (Italy), took part in the survey. Students' reading and writing skills were assessed through standardized tests. The tests results were then compared with teacher judgments and context-related variables. At the reading test, 28.7% of primary school and 13.4% of lower secondary school students fell below the 5th percentile for age. Results of the writing test were even more significant: almost half of the students of both levels of education performed below the 5th percentile. Teacher judgments showed higher agreement with standardized assessments in primary (88%, K of Cohen=0.68) than in secondary school (78%, K=0.23). Reading and writing difficulties were common in our sample. While reading skills tended to improve with age, writing difficulties apparently persisted to some extent in third and sixth-grade classes. The accuracy of teacher judgments on reading skills is relatively high, but teachers seem to hardly report reading difficulties "requiring attention." Although less "severe" than others, such difficulties should be considered, mainly because of their potential developmental trajectories.