Situational Circumstances Research Articles

Orchestrating innovation networks: the switching roles of orchestrators along startups’ lifecycle

Innovation networks enable innovating actors to access complementary assets beyond their corporate boundaries. Subsequently, the orchestration of such networks has attracted increasing attention. Network orchestration is a dynamic activity where orchestrator roles change along the innovation trajectory. However, research on network orchestration falls short of capturing the dynamic aspects of orchestration. Moreover, gaps in the literature limit our understanding of the dynamic nature of orchestration roles and the way these roles change over time. By drawing on network orchestration theory and the Resource Based View, this study introduces a capability-dependant framework to explain how the network orchestrator roles can adapt to the evolving situational circumstances of the startup's lifecycle. Our analysis is based on a longitudinal empirical investigation of nine technological startups and their dyadic (one-to-one) relationship to an innovation intermediary as a network orchestrator in southwest Germany. Our findings reveal that orchestrators play different roles simultaneously in response to changing environments and varying startup requirements. We further identify factors associated with orchestrator role changes based on the dyadic relationship as an additional criterion for characterizing dynamic orchestrator roles. Overall, this work aims to contribute to the literature on network orchestration by moving debates about orchestration roles beyond a static setting, thus offering a dynamic and more accurate picture of evolving orchestration roles and underlying mechanisms.

Increased feelings of nervousness among older Europeans post-pandemic

Abstract Background Feelings of nervousness are typically associated with situational factors and are temporary, less intense, and manageable with self-care. Study Aim This study examines which situational conditions are significant for feeling nervous among European older adults during the second wave of COVID-19. Methods Using data from Wave 9, COVID-19 Survey 2 (Summer, 2021) of the cross-national panel dataset the Survey of Health, Aging, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), this study utilizes a sample of 49,253 adults over 50 years old from 27 countries in Europe. Analysis: Binary logistic regression indicates all variables are significant predictors of feeling nervous: Gender [Wald= 498.7, p = 0.001 (<0.05)]; chronic disease [Wald= 1635.002 p = 0.001 (<0.05)], employment [Wald= 164.544, p = 0.001 (<0.05)]; home care [Wald= 138.4, p = 0.001 (<0.05)], technology [Wald= 20.66, p = 0.001 (<0.05)]; social support [Wald= 106.66, p = 0.001 (<0.05)], and financial support [Wald=35.5, p = 0.001 (<0.05)] [Chi-Square=3216.401, df = 6 and p = 0.001 (p < 0.05)]. Findings The odds ratio (OR) for gender is .627 (95% CI .601- .653), for chronic disease, is 2.659 (95% CI: 1.716 - 4.119) and employment is .675 (95% CI: .635-.717) and homecare is (OR)3.47(95% CI: 2.83-4.28); OR for social support is 855(95% CI:.830-.881), financial support 1.779 (95% CI: 1.47-2.15), and technology (OR).956 (95% CI: 938-.975). The model correctly predicted 94% of cases without feeling nervous and 16% of cases where people did feel nervous, giving an overall percentage correct prediction rate of 68%. Implications for Policy and Practice: Knowledge from this study can inform the introduction of public health interventions for older adults targeted toward specific situational circumstances that reduce nervousness. Key messages • While feelings of nervousness can be situational, the impact on mental health can go beyond the contextual environment. • Public health policies can support targeted interventions aimed at developing the coping skills necessary to better respond in times of crisis.

Determinants of customer buying behaviour in omnichannel retailing: a systematic literature review and future research directions

PurposeAdvances in digital technologies and the growing number of touch points have had a significant impact on the shopping behaviour of omnichannel customers. Several research papers have explored different facets of omnichannel, but only a few have thoroughly explored the literature on showrooming and webrooming simultaneously. This paper aims to identify the key groups of antecedents influencing customer buying behaviour in omnichannel, under the influence of digital technologies, with a particular focus on showrooming and webrooming.Design/methodology/approachOur study conducted a systematic literature review to identify the factors influencing customers’ buying behaviour in omnichannel, which have been the subject of academic discussion over the last decade. We finalized 149 articles for the thematic analysis and identified three groups of antecedents: channel-related, product-related and consumer-related with their subgroups.FindingsUnder channel-related antecedents, cost and perceived benefits, search convenience, need for interaction and situational circumstances have been identified as major attributes. The expressiveness of the product, product demonstration and search and experienced products have been identified under product-related antecedents, followed by price consciousness, past experiences, perceived risks and shopping motivations as leading attributes under consumer-related antecedents. The study revealed the multifaceted influence of digital technologies on omnichannel buying behaviour. Digital technologies are shaping the antecedents related to channels, products and consumers. Digital technologies simultaneously mediate between antecedents and the selection of a specific path within an omnichannel environment. Showrooming and webrooming should no longer be seen as general concepts. The rise of digital technologies has led to the development of new consumer journey patterns and the blurring of distinctions between showrooming and webrooming. A conceptual framework has been proposed to understand consumers' omnichannel behaviour, having considered the identified antecedents and the role of digital technologies.Practical implicationsThis study advances the academic understanding of consumer behaviour in omnichannel under the influence of digital technologies and provides important implications for omnichannel management. With the advancement of digital technologies such as augmented reality and virtual reality, retailers should implement channel integration strategies to bridge the gap between online and offline channels, providing a memorable shopping experience for omnichannel customers.Originality/valueThis study is unique because it identifies and analyses the antecedents of consumer behaviour in omnichannel settings under the influence of digital technologies. It also uncovers new potential combinations of showrooming and webrooming patterns. The proposed framework can help retailers in their future planning of omnichannel strategies.

Toxicology findings from drivers suspected of drug-impaired driving in Ontario (2008–2019)

Objective This study examines the results of toxicological tests performed on blood and urine samples collected from suspected drug-impaired drivers in Ontario from 2008 to 2019. The report examines the results of toxicological analysis of the samples submitted, the characteristics of those drivers from whom samples were collected, and the temporal and situational circumstances that led to police investigations and sample collection to better understand drug-impaired driving behavior and to assist in the development and implementation of countermeasure strategies and programs. Methods Blood and urine samples were sent to the Center of Forensic Sciences where they were analyzed using standardized comprehensive toxicological analysis to test for a wide variety of potentially impairing drugs. Demographic and temporal information for each case from which a sample was collected were also examined to describe the circumstances and characteristics of these driving incidents. Results During the 12-year period examined, 5,388 samples collected from suspected drug-impaired drivers were analyzed. The number of samples collected increased substantially following the implementation of the Drug Evaluation and Classification Program (DECP) in July 2008, the enactment of legislation facilitating the collection of blood samples from suspects, and the legalization of cannabis for nonmedical purposes in 2018. The number of samples submitted shows temporal correlation with the number of police officers certified as Drug Recognition Experts (DRE) in the province. Over the 12-year period of this study, cannabis was the most frequently detected substance in drivers (52.8% of cases), followed by cocaine (44.3%) and methamphetamine (24.8%). In 80% of cases, more than one substance was detected. Conclusions Examining the characteristics of suspected drug-impaired drivers, the temporal circumstances, and the drug findings throughout the large geographic area of Ontario and over the extended period of this study enhances our understanding of drug-impaired driving behavior. These characteristics can assist in the development and/or evaluation of enforcement strategies and enhanced countermeasure activities.

Wind Shear and Aircraft Aborted Landings: A Deep Learning Perspective for Prediction and Analysis

In civil aviation, severe weather conditions such as strong wind shear, crosswinds, and thunderstorms near airport runways often compel pilots to abort landings to ensure flight safety. While aborted landings due to wind shear are not common, they occur under specific environmental and situational circumstances. This research aims to accurately predict aircraft aborted landings using three advanced deep learning techniques: the conventional deep neural network (DNN), the deep and cross network (DCN), and the wide and deep network (WDN). These models are supplemented by various data augmentation methods, including the Synthetic Minority Over-Sampling Technique (SMOTE), KMeans-SMOTE, and Borderline-SMOTE, to correct the imbalance in pilot report data. Bayesian optimization was utilized to fine-tune the models for optimal predictive accuracy. The effectiveness of these models was assessed through metrics including sensitivity, precision, F1-score, and the Matthew Correlation Coefficient. The Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) algorithm was then applied to the most effective models to interpret their results and identify key factors, revealing that the intensity of wind shear, specific runways like 07R, and the vertical distance of wind shear from the runway (within 700 feet above runway level) were significant factors. The results of this research provide valuable insights to civil aviation experts, potentially revolutionizing safety protocols for managing aborted landings under adverse weather conditions, thereby improving overall airport efficiency and safety.

Comparative Analysis of the Productivity and Efficiency of Cluster and Individual Farming in West Arsi Zone of Oromia

The main objective of this study was to compare the productivity and efficiency of clustered and individual farming; to identify factors affecting clusters farming practice and to know the view/perception of farmers for clustered farming approach in West Arsi zone. To conduct the study, primary data was collected from 152 randomly selected household heads through semi-structured questionnaire. Secondary data were also collected from different sources including CSA, ZOANR, DOANR, and from published and unpublished sources to supplement primary data. In this study both descriptive statistics and econometric analysis were employed. The primary data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and stochastic efficiency decomposition method to decompose TE. Stochastic Frontier Approach (SFA) was used for its ability to distinguish inefficiency from deviations that are caused by factors beyond the control of farmers. The productivity of wheat per hectare was 47.17 and 39.042 quintal for cluster and individual farming respectively which is statically significant at 1% level. The study result revealed that the mean of wheat TE was about 78.46%, for cluster farming and 69.25%, for individual farming as the Cobb-Douglas functional form indicate that. As the result of research analysis indicates that, the cumulative sum of farmers’ perception towards the compatibility of cluster farming with the socio-economic situational circumstances was 4.093 suggesting farmers perceive positively that it was compatibility with their socio-economic situational circumstances. The likelihood of farmers to practice cluster farming positively influenced by Sex of HH, age of HH, nearest market center, distance to FTC, participation on field visit and participation in social organization in West Arsi zone. The study suggested that farmer adoption decisions are affected by above mentioned factors and policies addressing each decision process and cross-cutting issues are required to improve farmer participation in cluster farming. In addition, the study suggested the need for policies to discourage land fragmentation and promote, participation in field visit, and strengthening social network of farmers, to increase participation of farmers in cluster farming in the zone.

Characteristics and Circumstances of Adolescents Obtaining Abortions in the United States.

The purpose of this study is to describe the sociodemographic and situational circumstances of adolescents obtaining abortion in the United States prior to the Dobbs decision. We use data from the Guttmacher Institute's 2021-2022 Abortion Patient Survey, a cross-sectional survey of 6698 respondents; our analytic sample includes 633 adolescents (<20 years), 2152 young adults (20-24 years), and 3913 adults (25+ years). We conducted bivariate analyses to describe the characteristics and logistical and financial circumstances of adolescents obtaining abortions in comparison to respondents in the other age groups. The majority of adolescents identified as non-white (70%), and 23% identified as something other than heterosexual. We found that 26% of adolescents reported having no health insurance, and two-thirds of adolescent respondents reported that somebody had driven them to the facility. Adolescents differed from adults in their reasons for delays in accessing care; a majority of adolescents (57%) reported not knowing they were pregnant compared to 43% of adults, and nearly one in five adolescents did not know where to obtain the abortion compared to 11% of adults. Adolescents were more likely than adults to obtain a second-trimester abortion, which has increased costs. This study found that this population was more vulnerable than adults on several measures. Findings suggest that adolescents navigate unique barriers with regard to information and logistics to access abortion care.

Variation in the Grammatical Feature of 'Voice' across the Spoken and Written Academic Registers of BS English Students of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan

The research paper investigates variation in the prevalence and distribution of ‘voice’ in the spoken (presentations/interviews) and written (essays/midterm exam scripts) academic registers of BS English students of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province and the relation of this variation to the situational circumstances of the concerned registers. The learner corpus was constructed. The data was collected from BS English students of the twelve public sector universities of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. All the texts were transcribed, coded, and then analysed through the computer software AntConc (3.5.8). The present study is unique in the sense that it has conducted a comparative analysis of the various spoken and written sub-registers of English in the academic non-native environment. This study has great implications for researchers in the field of register analysis, material design, and language teaching.

The Impact of Private Television Crime Shows on Youth: Examining the Link Between Media Consumption and Aggressive Behaviour

The research paper investigates variation in the prevalence and distribution of ‘voice’ in the spoken (presentations/interviews) and written (essays/midterm exam scripts) academic registers of BS English students of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province and the relation of this variation to the situational circumstances of the concerned registers. The learner corpus was constructed. The data was collected from BS English students of the twelve public sector universities of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. All the texts were transcribed, coded, and then analysed through the computer software AntConc (3.5.8). The present study is unique in the sense that it has conducted a comparative analysis of the various spoken and written sub-registers of English in the academic non-native environment. This study has great implications for researchers in the field of register analysis, material design, and language teaching.

Investigative Situations Arising at the Initial and Subsequent Stages of Investigating the Creation, Distribution and Use of Malicious Software

The paper is devoted to the analysis of investigative situations that may arise at different stages of the investigation of a crime under Article 273 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation: creation, distribution and use of malicious software. Based on the data presented, the opinions of scientists and scientific literature, the need for a more precise study of the circumstances under which this or that investigative situation is considered at the initial and subsequent stages of the investigation was identified, since there are a huge number of combinations of circumstances. In this regard, we propose to highlight certain types of circumstances of investigative situations that arise at the initial and subsequent stages of the investigation, describe possible options for their forms and then, based on the tasks that arise for the investigator and law enforcement agencies in connection with them, describe recommended actions that could allow you to solve problems during the preliminary investigation and achieve a legal decision within the framework of the preliminary investigation.

INTERFERENCE OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE LEXEMES IN THE UKRAINIAN HUMOROUS DISCOURSE DURING THE FULL-SCALE INVASION

The article highlights the cognitive and linguistic aspects of Ukrainian humorous discourse during the full-scale Russian invasion, focusing on the process of interference of words of foreign origin. Particular attention is paid to lexemes and their reinterpretation through cognitive patterns, such as availability heuristics, negative thinking, the accessibility cascade, the friend-foe pattern, the effect of contrast and stereotypical expectations. The study reveals a variety of stylistic means of comism that are caused by the interference of words of foreign origin in humorous Ukrainian discourse. The main techniques are irony, allusion, comic innuendo, parallelism, paradox, hyperbole, baphos, gradation, metaphor, and rhetorical figures. These stylistic elements of humor play an important role in creating a comic effect and shaping a humorous statement in wartime. The determined communicative functions of Ukrainian humor fragments relate to maintaining an optimistic moral state, promoting the unanimity of the Ukrainian people in the difficult circumstances of the war, creating a negative image of the enemy, and relieving psychological stress that occurs in people during hostilities, air raids, and shelling. The sample has three American tokens, three English tokens, two German tokens, and one Turkish token, which is duplicated in two jokes. All of them are reinterpreted and receive additional meanings and connotations. Ukrainian humorous discourse during the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine is based on topics relevant to the country: political, military, cultural-historical, and social. The systematized use of borrowed words in modern jokes can be seen, and it concerns the current realities of Ukrainians. Humor itself is built on situational circumstances, military aspects, and their consequences for society. The interference of foreign-language lexemes leads to the acquisition of specific words and phrases with new and ambiguous lexical and semantic meanings. Most of the sample, which refers to the military aid of Western countries, interprets the borrowed words in a positive sense; the other part, which concerns Russian realities, gives the constructions negative comic and ironic-humorous meanings.

The Ideology and Practice of Rashism: Reconstruction of the Origins and Imperial Essence

The current russian-Ukrainian war is a continuation of the systemic strategy of the russian empire to subjugate Ukraine and destroy its identity. The ideology of this policy is fed by traditional historical narratives of moscow, updated according to the realities of today. The essence and strategy of the existence of the russian empire (regardless of the name of this state) is the total usurpation and use of the resources of subordinate countries and peoples while appropriating their material, cultural, and intellectual heritage. The criminal mechanisms for achieving this goal are totalitarianism and autocracy, aimed at ensuring absolute power over people. The organising principle of such a policy is a certain ideology, that is, a system of defining norms and rules for the functioning of the state. Its structure includes both inherited models of behaviour and acquired strategies of action according to the situational requirements of the time. In muscovy, the principles of eastern despotism, with its features of unconditional autocracy as a form of government, imperial "spiritual bonds," European trends of Byzantism (theocracy), communism, and fascism, were combined. For the Russian state in all its historical political forms (ulus-khanate-kingdom-empire-union-federation), the ideological toolkit of influence has always been part of the strategic arsenal of its expansionist advances. At the same time, the content itself of the respective ideologues could be variable, depending on the situational circumstances. During the time of Genghis Khan, this function was performed by the prescriptions of "Yasa," in the Christianized uluses of the Golden Horde (in Muscovy), Orthodoxy, in the USSR – Marxism-Leninism, in the modern rf – an eclectic mixture of both in the form of "spiritual bonds," with the addition of personalized despotism. The corresponding functional structures of power instilled such matrices into the real life of society, using their violent and destructive means and approaches, thus implementing the policy of totalitarianism.

Таганрогский округ: проблемы политики и управления на Юге России в годы Гражданской войны

Introduction. The Civil War in Russia had many dimensions. The general pattern of confrontation arose as a result of the implementation of many local contradictions. The study of the historic situation of the civil strife within the framework of local history opens up new opportunities for assessing the motives of participation in the civil war and the role of class, group, and party contradictions and situational circumstances in this. Methods and materials. The article uses classical research methods. The source base of the research is represented by unpublished and published documents, memoirs, and the press. The sources that came out of the white camp predominate, since the studied territory was under the White Guard jurisdiction. Analysis. The article examines the situation in the Taganrog District of the Don Army Region during 1918–1919. In this district, the peasant population prevailed, unlike the rest of the districts in the Region. The population of the district experienced the administration of various authorities, including the occupying German authorities. Makhno’s movement was unfolding in close proximity. As a result of class hostility and the lack of reliable information, the peasantry of the district rose twice: in October 1918 and in March – April 1919. The uprisings were suppressed, and the district became a problem area for the white military command and political leadership. The article shows in detail how these events matured and unfolded. It is shown that the peasantry, not trusting the Cossacks, pinned their hopes on the main political subjects of the Civil War, which were the Reds or the Volunteer Army. Results. The example of the Taganrog District demonstrates many pain points of the Civil War. The most peasant district in the Cossack army, with a large industrial center, was never successfully integrated into the white statehood. Problems of trust, communication, phobias, and unrealized hopes did not allow this to take place. At the same time, the potential for a strong national government in the district was quite clearly manifested.

Research on Loss Aversion and Its Formation in Prospect Theory

One of the most popular concepts in the social sciences is loss aversion, the idea that losses loom larger than rewards [1]. This paper begins with an overview of previous research on loss aversion and demonstrates the importance of the impact of loss aversion on social and individual decision-making. At the same time, this paper also lists three applications of loss aversion and their related research in psychology. Finally, the paper makes recommendations for future research on loss aversion. Few theoretical and mostly experimental studies have been done in the past on loss aversion. The endowment effect, the winner's curse, and consumer choice behaviour are the three specific areas of applied research that are covered in this paper. Future research on loss aversion is advised by this paper to consider the unique situational circumstances when examining people's exposure to losses and gains, as well as the psychological drivers of loss aversion formation.

UY QAMOGʻI TARZIDAGI EHTIYOT CHORASI TANLANGAN SHAXSGA NISBATAN OʻRNATILISHI MUMKIN BOʻLGAN TAQIQ (CHEKLOV)LARNING ILMIY-NAZARIY JIHATLARI

According to the criminal procedural law, house arrest should be taken into account when there are grounds for choosing a preventive measure in the form of detention against a suspect, accused, or defendant, taking into account his age, state of health, family situation, and other circumstances. applied in cases of non-conformity, and certain prohibitions (restrictions) provided for by the law are established against the person. In this article, the concept of prohibitions (restrictions) that can be imposed by the author on a person selected as a criminal-procedural precaution, their types, application procedure, and scientific-theoretical aspects of their content are presented by foreign experts and local It is covered in detail through a comparative analysis of researchers’ opinions. Moreover, in the article, on the basis of foreign and national legislation and legal norms, the prohibitions (restrictions) applied to the person who was placed under house arrest, which arose in the practice of law enforcement and caused controversy among practicing lawyers possible problems are discussed, and conclusions and suggestions for their elimination are given.

0211 Experimental Sleep Restriction, Moral Absolutism, and Religiosity

Abstract Introduction Moral absolutism is the notion that “rights” and “wrongs” are independent of situational circumstances, and it is a core philosophy of many religious traditions. We tested whether active church members and Christian pastors showed resiliency to mild sleep restriction when reporting religious beliefs/cognitions, when logging spiritual behaviors, and when judging the deserved-punishments for moral mistakes. Methods We recruited 92 adults who identified as active in Christian churches (members and pastors). On a Monday, participants completed baseline religiosity, mood, and cognitive functioning measures and were then randomly assigned to adhere to early (10:30pm) or late (1:30am) bedtimes for four nights, with 7:30am waketimes, while wearing actigraphy and keeping a daily diary of spiritual behaviors. On Friday, participants repeated the baseline assessments, responded whether a series of biblical stories were literal versus figurative, and rated a series of vignettes about moral mistakes that were committed by in-group leaders (pastors) and out-group leaders (imams; vignettes counterbalanced). Results The late bedtime condition reduced actigraphy-defined sleep by 85 min/night (p&amp;lt;.001). Despite spending more time awake, this sleep restricted group reported engaging in fewer spiritual behaviors during the week (e.g., prayer time; p&amp;lt;.01). On Friday, the sleep restricted group had worse mood disturbances (p&amp;lt;.001), worse subjective sleepiness (p&amp;lt;.001), and altered perceptions of the meaning of the Garden of Eden and Noah’s ark biblical stories (p&amp;lt;.05). Fluid intelligence was unaffected (p=.78). When evaluating religious leaders who made moral mistakes, the sleep restricted participants were significantly less forgiving (p&amp;lt;.01); for example, well-rested participants thought such leaders were still “somewhat likely” to get into Heaven, but sleep-restricted participants rated the leaders as “not very likely” to get into Heaven (p&amp;lt;.01). The effects of sleep restriction were most prominent in participants who most frequently attended religious services and when rating out-group religious leaders (r = -.49; opposite patterns were noted when participants were well-rested). Conclusion In contrast to moral absolutism philosophies, very mild sleep restriction produced significant changes to religious cognitions (story interpretation), spiritual behaviors, and expressions of beliefs (likeliness of getting into Heaven), and expressions of virtues (decreased forgiveness). Support (if any) URSA Grant and National Science Foundation (1920730, 1943323).

Consumer Buying Behaviour Towards Online and Offline Shopping: Pre, During and Post Covid 19 Pandemic

Purpose: The objective of this study is to examine consumer buying behaviour &amp; figure out what factors influence consumer buying behaviour in towards online and offline shopping before ,during and post Covid 19 outbreak. Theoretical framework: The essay covers numerous consumer buying behaviour strands. This study examines consumer buying behaviour and factors. As it is based on previous research, it provides a full literature review. The research also identified under reported concerns. Design/methodology/approach: A comprehensive review of 90 published articles was conducted by using multiple databases on various areas. After reviewing the required literature, variables were combined with the goal of simplifying trends in literary works relating to consumer buying behaviour. The article lays forth a conceptual framework for assessing both online and offline consumer buying behaviour and would aid in our understanding of the phenomena. Findings: The results highlighted elements like convenience, payment methods, and offers, all of which are key aspects to take into account when making a purchase. Research, Practical &amp; Social implications: Practitioners, politicians, and researchers may use the data to better understand consumer buying behaviour. The study's theoretical contributions will provide beneficial recommendations. The results will help marketers and consumer behaviour academics. This study sheds new light on COVID-19 consumers' buying habits. This study affects companies that provide online and offline purchasing services. Situational circumstances affect policy. Originality/value: The findings of this research provide insight into consumer buying patterns for both online and offline shopping. This research advances our knowledge of both online and offline shopping by providing a conceptual framework for analyzing consumer buying behavior before and after the Covid-19 outbreak.

JINOYAT-PROTSESSUAL EHTIYOT CHORASI SIFATIDA UY QAMOG‘I TUSHUNCHASI VA HUQUQIY MOHIYATI

According to our national legislation, house arrest is considered a new legal institution compared to other criminal procedural precautionary measures. Taking this into account, in this article, the author provides a general description of criminal procedural precautionary measures, the concept of house arrest as a preventive measure; its legal elements and the scientific-theoretical aspects of its content are detailed through a comparative analysis of the opinions of foreign experts and local researchers. Also, the article describes the problems that have arisen in the practice of applying the law on the basis of foreign and national legislation and legal norms that determine the procedure for the appointment of house arrest, as well as conclusions and suggestions for their elimination. Although there are legal grounds for choosing a preventive measure in the form of detention during the preliminary investigation or trial against a person who has committed a crime or is suspected of committing it, from the point of view of humanity, taking into account his age, state of health, family situation and other circumstances, house arrest is used as a preventive measure only if it is deemed inappropriate to incarcerate him. However, if a person abuses the relief given to him without following the established order, a preventive measure in the form of imprisonment will be applied to him. Therefore, first of all, when choosing house arrest instead of detention as a preventive measure, the law enforcer should clearly distinguish the grounds for using detention as a preventive measure and the circumstances that are taken into account when choosing it.

The systems approach of strategic roadmapping: Framing challenges and contributions whilst flexing to changing conditions and circumstances

AbstractFor supporting strategy development, corporate practitioners and consultants have long appropriated the roadmap metaphor for journey‐making to establish the concept of strategic roadmapping. The practice involves charting future courses of action to help realize a vision. However, despite the significant uptake and use of the method, there still lacks a discourse on its inherent flexibility. Therefore, this paper outlines roadmapping's flexible nature from a systems perspective. The key attributes of the approach being general, scalable, customizable and dynamic are characterized. The governing framework underpinning roadmapping is depicted and described. To provide guidance on deploying this framework, two critical aspects are covered: (i) framing the challenges being faced and contributions necessary to move forward and (ii) with specific regard to having to deal with the realized unfolding of time, the need to flex to evolving conditions and new situational circumstances.

Comparison of the different imaging modalities used to image pediatric oncology patients: A COG diagnostic imaging committee/SPR oncology committee white paper.

Diagnostic imaging is essential in the diagnosis and management, including surveillance, of known or suspected cancer in children. The independent and combined roles of the various modalities, consisting of radiography, fluoroscopy, ultrasonography (US), computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and nuclear medicine (NM), are both prescribed through protocols but also function in caring for complications that may occur during or subsequent to treatment such as infection, bleeding, or organ compromise. Use of a specific imaging modality may be based on situational circumstances such as a brain CT or MR for a new onset seizure, chest CT for respiratory signs or symptoms, or US for gross hematuria. However, in many situations, there are competing choices that do not easily lend themselves to a formulaic approach as options; these situations depend on the contributions of a variety of factors based on a combination of the clinical scenario and the strengths and limitations of the imaging modalities. Therefore, an improved understanding of the potential influence of the imaging decision pathways in pediatric cancer care can come from comparison among the individual diagnostic imaging modalities. The purpose of the following material to is to provide such a comparison. To do this, pediatric imaging content experts for the individual modalities of radiography and fluoroscopy, US, CT, MRI, and NM will discuss the individual modality strengths and limitations.