Picture Of Situation Research Articles

Peculiarities of Integrated Risk Management

In the conditions of the modern world economic crisis, the integrated approach to risk management in business structures is of great importance. The main elements and advantages of an integrated risk management system are defined. The importance of transition to integrated risk management in Georgian companies as a necessary condition for their stable and effective development, as well as the proposed approach facilitates the implementation of risk-oriented management principles and allows assessing the impact of risk on achieving the company's strategic goals. In the conditions of globalization of the world economy and intensification of competitive struggle, the process of risk management has become an integral part of the activities of any company, which ensures the existence of this or that business. The classic model of business management, which is part of corporate governance, is losing relevance day by day. Risks arise at every stage of the value chain and in every business process of the company. In order for the system to be consistent with achieving the goals set for the company, it must be integrated into its business processes and taken into account at all levels of decision making. Overcoming the emerging negative trends in recent years makes the problem of developing an integrated approach to risk management urgent and requires further scientific research to substantiate its implementation models. Despite the importance of the risk management problem, Georgian entrepreneurs have not yet fully grasped and assessed the inevitability of risks and the importance of recording them in the process of concluding contracts, making plans and forecasts. We conducted a small-scale survey to find out to what extent Georgian companies use risk assessment and analysis. The analysis of our research showed that only 52% of small and medium-sized companies surveyed in Georgia believe that risk management is necessary for effective business management, 79% of risk analysis is not performed at all, only 21% of surveyed companies (including all medium-sized companies) in some cases perform some risk analysis episodically, so in small and medium-sized companies in Georgia there is a clear lack of risk management, which is most important, lack of qualified staff in this specialty. The practice of recent years has shown the low efficiency of both the management system as a whole and risk management, the main reason for which lies in the rather weak integration of the latter in the overall management system. Insufficient attention to risk analysis leads to a reduction in the quality of strategic and operational management, losses of the company's potential, deterioration of the results of its activities. Integrated risk management development is a lengthy process that involves continuous staff training and development, as well as a thoughtful policy of disclosing information about risks to the company and the measures taken to reduce and control them. Thus, the uncertainty of the surrounding world, the unstable economic situation in Georgia and in the world leads to an increase in the level of risks in all areas of human activity. Integrated risk management - this is a real necessity of the business and an indispensable factor of success. Such an approach makes risk management more effective and allows the required level of safety to be achieved, risk control to be more fully managed and a complex picture of the real situation to be obtained. Key Words: Risk, Risk Management, Integrated Risk Management, Integrated Approach.

"Without my medication, I'm a wreck": Photo-elicitation to explore medication use among people experiencing homelessness.

People experiencing homelessness (PEH) live with a high burden of chronic illness, functional and cognitive impairments, and serious mental illness. Many PEH are prescribed complex medication regimens to manage symptoms and improve health and functioning. However, medication use within the context of homelessness is complicated, and adherence is often suboptimal. To document medication use within the context of homelessness and explore experiences of medication use among people experiencing homelessness (PEH). This study used mixed methods including photo-elicitation interviews. Participants were given a digital camera and asked to take pictures of people, places, things, and situations that represented every day medication use. Participants were also asked to write down reasons for taking the pictures. After two weeks, participants returned the camera and notes. At a subsequent interview, the photographs and notes were reviewed and discussed. Demographic and health-related information was also collected for each participant. An interpretive description approach was used for qualitative data analysis. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics in order to describe the sample. Seven PEH completed this study. Mean age was 45 years (SD=11.3) and length of homelessness was 6.1 years (SD=11.3). All reported multiple chronic conditions (≥2) and reported taking 6.6 (SD=2.6) medications. Participants reported medication adherence barriers with mean score of 37 (SD=5.5) on the ASK-12, a 12-item scale with a range of 12-60 (higher scores indicate more barriers). Qualitative analysis identified four categories: medication-related burdens, medication-related beliefs, connectedness, and stigmatizing encounters. Medication use among PEH is complex and cannot be considered separately from daily life or from struggles to meet basic needs. Multi-level interventions are needed to optimize medication use among PEH, and healthcare professionals including community pharmacists should reinforce beliefs that medication-related benefits outweigh the burdens and then tailor services to the context of homelessness.

Sero-Prevalence of COVID-19 in Blood Donors of North India – Single-Center Report

Background and Objectives: COVID-19 has infected and caused the deaths of millions of people globally with India being the second most affected country in the world. The primary objective of the study was to determine the seroprevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2) antibodies in healthy blood donors in North India. The secondary objective of the study was to find the association of vaccination and infection with seropositivity in the blood donors. Methods: All blood donor samples were screened for the presence of IgG antibodies against SARS CoV2 spike (S1) protein. Anti-SARS CoV2 IgG antibody status, demographic data, history of past COVID infection, and vaccination of all eligible donors in the study period were collected. Seroprevalence was calculated as the percentage of total number of donors positive for anti-SARS CoV2 IgG antibodies. Month-wise seroprevalence was also calculated and analyzed. Results: Out of 1456 donors, 874 were found to be seropositive, resulting in a seroprevalence of 60%. Seroprevalence was found to be 38.3% and 77%, respectively, in the months of April and May 21. Seropositivity was 100%, 92%, 79%, and 54% in those with a history of both COVID infection and vaccination, vaccination only, infection only, and no history of vaccination or infection, respectively. Conclusion: Blood donors represent an easy access to seroprevalence studies and need to be tapped at the national level to obtain a temporal picture of the COVID-19 situation to guide healthcare policies, mark regions where vaccination drives need to be intensified.

Tuberculosis among health care workers treated at a university hospital in Bogotá, D.C., Colombia. 2008-2018

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that usually affects the lungs and has a high morbidity and mortality rate. Although it has been established that being a health care worker is an important risk factor for contracting TB, this link is sometimes difficult to prove, particularly in a country like Colombia where, despite being an endemic area, the population at risk does not always have the necessary personal protection equipment (PPE) or adequate diagnostic resources. Furthermore, in the specific context of health care personnel, there are few studies that provide a reliable picture of the disease situation in the health care sector at the national level.1

Agroclimatic Metrics for the Main Stone Fruit Producing Areas in Spain in Current and Future Climate Change Scenarios: Implications From an Adaptive Point of View.

Stone fruit production has enormous economic importance in Spain. Cultivation locations for these fruit species (i.e., peach, apricot, plum, and sweet cherry) cover wide and climatically diverse geographical areas within the country. Climate change is already producing an increase in average temperatures with special intensity in certain areas like the Mediterranean ones. These changes lead to a decrease in the accumulated chill, which can have a profound impact on the phenology of Prunus species like stone fruits due to, e.g., difficulties to cover the chilling requirements to break endodormancy, the occurrence of late frost events, or abnormal early high temperatures. All these factors can severely affect fruit production and quality and therefore provoke very negative consequences from the socio-economic point of view in the incumbent regions. Thus, characterization of current cultivation areas in terms of agroclimatic variables (e.g., chill and heat accumulation and probabilities of frost and early abnormal heat events), based on data from 270 weather stations for the past 20 years, is carried out in this work to produce an informative picture of the current situation. Besides, future climatic projections from different global climate models (data retrieved from the Meteorological State Agency of Spain—AEMET) up to 2065 for two Representative Concentration Pathway scenarios (i.e., RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) are also analyzed. Using the current situation as a baseline and considering the future scenarios, information on the current and future adaptive suitability of the different species/cultivars to the different growing areas can be inferred. This information could be the basis of a decision support tool to help the different stakeholders to take optimal decisions regarding current and future stone fruit or other temperate species cultivation in Spain.

An Objective Overview of Covid19 Vaccine Situation in India

Entire world was eagerly waiting for the vaccine against SARS-CoV2 ever since Covid19 pandemic started. India is the second largest populous nation and is among the very few nations who has developed a vaccine against SARS-CoV2. India is also a major vaccine producing hub supplying large quantum of vaccines to the rest of the world. Efficacy, advantages and comparison between various covid vaccine has been largely discussed by the scientific community. However, there are various other factors affecting the vaccine situation in a nation, may it be the plan, strategy, it’s implementation, local context, health infrastructure etc. While there are many news and views related to covid-19 vaccine, one need to look beyond & into so many other aspects related to the factors affecting this situation. Through discussion of some of these key factors, we tried to draw an overall picture of the Covid19 vaccine situation in India. Keeping in line with our objective, we keep the focus of our discussion on vaccine development & manufacturing issues, diplomatic decisions on vaccine & the reasons behind the same, international factors etc. We have purposefully restricted our discussion to these factors and did not go in details of the national level policy and its implementation details in this article.

Strategies for the Production of Molecular Animations.

Molecular animations play an increasing role in scientific visualisation and science communication. They engage viewers through non-fictional, documentary type storytelling and aim at advancing the audience. Every scene of a molecular animation is to be designed to secure clarity. To achieve this, knowledge on design principles from various design fields is essential. The relevant principles help to draw attention, guide the eye, establish relationships, convey dynamics and/or trigger a reaction. The tools of general graphic design are used to compose a signature frame, those of cinematic storytelling and user interface design to choreograph the relative movement of characters and cameras. Clarity in a scientific visualisation is reached by simplification and abstraction where the choice of the adequate representation is of great importance. A large set of illustration styles is available to chose the appropriate detail level but they are constrained by the availability of experimental data. For a high-quality molecular animation, data from different sources can be integrated, even filling the structural gaps to show a complete picture of the native biological situation. For maintaining scientific authenticity it is good practice to mark use of artistic licence which ensures transparency and accountability. The design of motion requires knowledge from molecule kinetics and kinematics. With biological macromolecules, four types of motion are most relevant: thermal motion, small and large conformational changes and Brownian motion. The principles of dynamic realism should be respected as well as the circumstances given in the crowded cellular environment. Ultimately, consistent complexity is proposed as overarching principle for the production of molecular animations and should be achieved between communication objective and abstraction/simplification, audience expertise and scientific complexity, experiment and representation, characters and environment as well as structure and motion representation.

Vulnerability of Small and Medium-Sized Manufacturing Workers in Gyeongnam

이 논문은 취약성이라는 개념을 통해 경남지역의 중소 제조업에서 일하는 노동자들의 실태를 파악하고 취약성에 영향을 주는 요인들을 살펴본다. 취약노동자란 ‘신체적, 생계적인 측면에서 위험이 높은 환경에서 일하면서도 그러한 상황으로부터 대응할 역량과 권리에의 접근이 부족한 노동자들’로 정의할 수 있다. 이러한 정의는 취약성을 미래 시점에 발생할 수 있는 위험과 연관지으며, 이 위험을 야기하는 요인으로 저임금, 사회보장제도에 대한 약한 접근성, 권력관계에서의 취약성을 포함시키고 있다. 이 글은 이러한 개념적 정의를 가지고 경남지역 중소 제조업 노동자들의 취약성의 실태와 특징을 분석하였다. 분석의 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 경남지역 중소 제조업 노동자들은 평균 237만 원의 임금을 받고 있어 안정적인 생계를 유지하기 어려운 위험에 직면해 있다. 둘째, 인적 속성의 측면에서 가장 불리한 위치에 처한 집단은 청년 노동자와 중년 여성 노동자들이라 할 수 있는데, 이들의 상황에 대한 대응은 청년 노동자들의 경우 이탈로 중년 여성 노동자들의 경우 순응으로 나타나고 있다. 마지막으로 중소 제조업에서 기업별 단위의 노동조합은 조직되고 유지되기가 매우 어렵고, 설령 노조가 설립된다 하더라도 위험 대응 역량을 발휘하기에는 제한적이다. 이러한 분석 결과를 고려하면 중소 제조업 노동자들의 취약성 극복을 위해서는 만성적인 저임금 구조를 개선하는 한편, 중소 제조업 노동자들의 이해를 대표할 수 있는 효과적인 노동조합 구조를 형성해야 할 것이다. 인구학적으로는 가장 불리한 위치에 처한 중년 여성 노동자들에 대한 실태 파악과 개선 과제를 도출할 필요가 있으며, 청년들의 지방 제조업 탈피 경향을 막기 위한 일자리 질의 개선이 요구된다.This paper examines the actual conditions of workers working in small and medium-sized enterprises (hereafter, SMEs) in Gyeongnam region manufacturing industries through the concept of vulnerability and examines factors that affect vulnerability. Vulnerable workers can be defined as workers who work in environments with high physical and livelihood risks, but lack access to the capacity and rights to respond to such situations . This definition relates vulnerability to risks that may arise in the future, and includes low wages, weak access to social security systems, and vulnerability in power relations as risk factors. With this conceptual definition, I analyzed the actual condition and characteristics of vulnerability in Gyeongnam region SME manufacturing workers The main results of the analysis are as follows. First, with average monthly wages amounting to 2.37 million won, Gyeongnam region SME manufacturing workers face risks endangering the maintenance of a stable livelihood. Second, analysis by personal attributes showed the most disadvantaged groups were youth and middle-aged women workers. Their response to this situation was ‘exit’ in the case of young workers and ‘accommodation’ in the case of middle-aged women workers. Finally, in manufacturing industry SMEs, it is very difficult to organize and maintain an enterprise-level labor union, and even when a union was established, its ability to counter risks was limited. In light of this analysis, in order to overcome SME manufacturing workers vulnerability, it is necessary to address the chronic low-wage structure and form an effective union structure that can represent the interests of SME manufacturing workers. It is necessary to gain a more granular picture of the actual situation of middle-aged women workers who occupy the most disadvantageous position demographically and use this to identify tasks toward improvement, and to better the quality of jobs so as to forestall the trend of youth exodus from the region’s manufacturing industry.

Development of a tool for individual aquatic risk management among children

Background: When it comes to children’s competence in, on and around water, their risk competence also plays an important role. For an optimal and save participation in aquatic recreation, there is a crucial need to communicate about a realistic perception of potential dangers in relation to one’s own acutal and perceived aquatic skills. 
 Goals: The aim of this study was to develop and validate a tool for Individual Aquatic Risk Management for Children (IARM-C) useful in both research and practice regarding water safety for elementary school children and their families, as offered in schools, by local communities and different (water) sport organisations.
 Method:
 The IARM-C tool was developed and validated in three subsequent phases: (1) a selection of relevant aquatic situations with possible risks for children based on the literature and discussed with experts, resulting in 10 aquatic situations that were drawn, (2) a pilot study with 22 children to test content (face) validity, and (3) a cross-sectional study with 70 children (6-12 years, 35 girls and 35 boys, 8.9 +/- 2.0 yearsrecruited via convenience sampling in different (swimming) schools in Brussel (Belgium) to test their risk perception, assessement and decision making in these 10 situations.
 Results:
 For each of the 10 aquatic risk situations of the IARM-C, data collection was organised in a one-on-one interview in order to assist the child in completing the questionnaire. Six of the 10 pictures resulted in a correct risk perception for > 80% (range between 83-94%) of the children. For one drawn aquatic risk situation in the swimming pool context (i.e. falling on someone else), only 60% of the children gave a correct description of the situation. In the drawn open water aquatic risk situations, three pictures scored quite low (about 50% (range between 49%-54%)): warning flag at sea, dangerous objects in open water and sandbank at the sea.
 Conclusions:
 The IARM-C tool, showing pictures of aquatic risk situations followed by three categories of questions (risk perception, assessement and decision making), is a usefull instrument for further research and education purposes, especially the swimming pool cases (> 80%).

Rehabilitation Through Physical Activity and Sport in Light of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health-Current Research Perspectives.

The implementation of functioning by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the third global health indicator, along with mortality and morbidity, represents a promising advancement for a comprehensive assessment of international health systems and health strategies. The description of a person's health state operationalized by both biological and lived health via functioning provides a holistic picture of an individual's life situation and proved to be successful in building a framework for formulating therapy goals, achievable activities, and participational aspects against the background of an individual's life situation. Furthermore, improving an individual's functional ability and wellbeing could potentially affect the health indicators of morbidity and mortality and will be codable beyond the ICF in ICD-11. This methodological perspective emphasizes the use of ICF applications on the wider and narrower level of international rehabilitation systems and highlights the incorporation of the term functioning in rehabilitation through physical activity and sport. Current research perspectives in applying the ICF and functioning in clinical and rehabilitation practices are discussed and a current explorative study is presented, which applies the holistic orientation of functioning and the biopsychosocial model to the specific case by an individualized sports coaching intervention in rehabilitation. Subsequently, a unifying ICF- oriented language in rehabilitation is considered as a powerful foundation for a consistent international research strategy concerning increased international collaborations and future research perspectives.

Water Poverty Index and its changing trend in India

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide a picture of the water situation of the states of India and to identify key areas in which intervention is necessary for sustainable development and poverty elevation.Design/methodology/approachTo understand the trend and situation of water across the states, Water Poverty Index (WPI) has been constructed. WPI has been computed for the years 2012 and 2018 to get a picture of temporal change happening in the region. Further, descriptive statistics were used to show the required changes.FindingsJharkhand and Rajasthan continue to be the worst performer in both time periods. Water poverty was the least in the states of Goa and Chandigarh for both time periods. Although owing to improvement in access and capacity component, the water status of India as a whole improved from 2012 to 2018 but few states have witnessed a decline in their water situation mainly due to deterioration in the environment and resource components.Originality/valueThis paper adds to the relatively scarce literature on the water situation conducted for the states of India. The findings of the paper provide insights into the lacking areas responsible for the deterioration in water poverty status. The results can be utilized for framing proper policies to combat the water woes of the country.

Open-Loop Exhaust-Gas Cleaning System: Analysis of Effects Produced on Barcelona Port Water pH

The implementation of a 0.5% mass/mass sulphur cap in fuels used by ships has become a reality. Furthermore, regulation 14 of the MARPOL Convention–Annex VI (amended) establishes that the limit on fuel used by ships operating in a Sulphur Emission Control Area (SECA) cannot exceed 0.1% of mass/mass. To deal with these requirements while considering nature of the shipping business, which is the continuous carriage of cargo around the world, shipowners or shipping companies have few options for following this regulation. Apart from the use of a low-sulphur-content fuel is the use of an exhaust-gas cleaning system, also known as “scrubbers”, as an alternative. The use of these systems, specifically the open-loop system, entails the discharge to the sea of residual water used during the cleaning process of exhaust gases from ship engines. The objective of this paper is to study the effect produced by discharging this residual water on the acidity level (pH) of Barcelona port water. This objective was achieved through the periodical sampling and analysis of Barcelona port water in collaboration with the IDAEA (CSIC) laboratory. We analysed the evolution of the pH results obtained so far and obtained an initial picture of the pH Barcelona port water situation in real time regarding the effect of wash-water discharges from open-loop scrubbers. Furthermore, this paper describes the implementation of a system which is going to improve the operation of open-loop exhaust-gas cleaning systems.

Epidemiology of melanoma: the importance of correctly reporting to the cancer registries.

In Italy, few epidemiologic studies have been conducted by tracing melanoma reports directly in the electronic registers of the operating units of pathologic anatomy. The Cancer Registers of the Italian regions receive only partial and incomplete data on the diagnoses of melanoma, for this reason, the incidences are usually underestimated. Our work offers a precise picture of the epidemiologic situation of melanoma in a homogenous sample of patients residing in a geographic area traditionally considered to have a high incidence of melanoma.

Occurrence of Antibiotic Resistance in the Mediterranean Sea.

Seawater could be considered a reservoir of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes. In this communication, we evaluated the presence of bacterial strains in seawater collected from different coasts of Sicily by combining microbiological and molecular methods. Specifically, we isolated viable bacteria that were tested for their antibiotic resistance profile and detected both antibiotic and heavy metal resistance genes. Both antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, Vibrio and Aeromonas, and specific antibiotic resistance genes were found in the seawater samples. Alarming levels of resistance were determined towards cefazolin, streptomycin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ceftriaxone, and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, and mainly genes conferring resistance to β-lactamic and sulfonamide antibiotics were detected. This survey, on the one hand, presents a picture of the actual situation, showing the pollution status of the Tyrrhenian coast of Sicily, and, on the other hand, can be considered as a baseline to be used as a reference time for future analysis.

Emerging Cyber risk Challenges in Maritime Transportation

Maritime security and surveillance have become one of the main areas in managing overall situational awareness.For example, the growing importance of maritime traffic in cross-border trade has created new pressures to develop newtechnologies for accident prevention, especially in the ports. Maritime safety is also a matter of concern for continuitymanagement. Automatic ship alarm systems, coastal radars and coastal cameras are not alone sufficient equipment to buildmaritime awareness. The Universal Shipborne Automatic Identification System (AIS) is a ship transponder system that is aglobally used tracking system, but highly vulnerable to hacking. A major maritime traffic problem arises if transponders areswitched off. Hybrid threats need coordinated hybrid responses; therefore, a cyber situational picture is also needed. Cybersituational awareness is an essential part of the management of maritime situational awareness. The lack of using real-timedata from the maritime actors affects the correct formation of the common situational picture—for example, from the siteof an accident. Cyber security is an essential factor in developing fairway navigation and all terminal (port-to-port) activities.This research will be done as a part of the SMARTER (Smart Terminals) -project that belongs to the SEA4VALUE program. Theproject aims to develop unique digitalized concepts that enhance safe transportation and reduce emissions in the port andthe terminal areas. By using the multiagent system with sensor technology, e.g., in the harbors, it is possible to gather andshare meaningful maritime security-related data. The study's primary purpose is to describe the operating environment andmake an initial analysis of system requirements for optimizing situational awareness in the area of western ports of Finland

Family mosaic in the drawings of children from patchwork families

The creation of a patchwork (reconstructed) family is a challenge both for the entire family systems that make up this family mosaic and for each of its member. The aim of the study, the results of which we present in this article, was to characterise the psychological functioning of the youngest children raised in reconstructed families in the following areas: family structure, interpersonal relations, place of the studied child and his/her adaptation in the reconstructed family, overt and covert family conflicts. The study was conducted in a qualitative research strategy in an interpretative paradigm, using the individual case method. By opting for an inductive order of the research, we consciously refrained from posing hypotheses, remaining to ask the following research questions: (a) How do the interviewed children perceive the structure of their patchwork family?; (b) How do the interviewed children describe the interpersonal relationships in the new family, with a particular focus on the perception of the role of the new patchwork family member (stepfather/stepmother/half sibling)?; (c) How do the interviewed children perceive themselves and their place in the new reconstructed family?; (d) Do and which family conflicts most often arise in the new family systems from the perspective of the youngest children?; (e) How the interviewed children adapted to the current family situation? In order to get to the inner picture of the family situation of a child raised in a patchwork family and his/her self-image as a member of such a family group, we used the projection method of the Family Drawing Test. The article presents the results of the analysis of drawings of three children aged 911 years raised in patchwork families. The research findings presented in the article indicate that the children involved in the study reveal difficulties in defining the external boundaries of the family, often experiencing conflicts of loyalty to the biological parent, who is outside the system on a daily basis. In addition, the results show that some of the interviewed children did not draw themselves, did not included their biological father in the drawing, or did not include their stepfather, mother's partner and foster siblings as new family members, which indicates the experienced difficulties in building interpersonal relationships in a new family and finding their place in it.

Ethical situations in practice and nurses’ occupational health: A qualitative study of their narratives

During their practice, nurses regularly encounter clinical ethical situations. As part of a graduate clinical ethics course, nurses had to write a narrative descriptions of a situation they experienced. Their descriptions seemed to include several considerations related to their occupational health and safety (OHS). This research aimed to highlight the sources of ethical situations and to explore these OHS considerations. In all, 115 narrative descriptions, written by nurses during this course, were analyzed by using a continuous comparison technique (thematic analysis). The sources of the situations are described using two components: substance and subject. The substance of the situation (dilemma, breach or disagreement) is defined along two continua: certainty/uncertainty and acceptability/unacceptability. The first continuum reflects the nurse's stance concerning the best option to choose in the situation. The second continuum relates to whether the options discussed in the situation are, in the nurse's opinion, acceptable or unacceptable. As for the subject of the situations, it relates to principles, rights or occupational safety and health determinants. This provides a much broader picture of the ethical situations faced by nurses. The majority of these described situations has underlying dynamics related to OSH. In each situation described, the interplay between the substances and subject is promising because it allows to describe and distinguish what the situation was about and the way that subject led to the problem. This comprehension of the sources also emphasizes that OSH aspects could have a significant impact on ethical situations experienced by nurses. Consequently, developing ethical competency should take these aspects into account and not be focused solely on the patient and the care.

The Subject of Economic Politology from the Economist’s Point of View

The purpose of the article is a critical analysis of the determination of the subject matter of economic politology. In the books and articles analysed by the author, the situational picture of the subject dominates, determined by the current practice of relations between business and the state in Russia. The author also analysed the training programs of the leading universities in Russia. Considering the economic and political situation in the world at the end of 2021, the author concluded that the state of both research and teaching in this discipline is unsatisfactory. The article’s central thesis is the assertion that in the coming years, the world’s fate will largely be determined by the struggle in the economy, especially in the field of money circulation and finance. Therefore, the country urgently needs new specialists of a unique profile — an economist-political scientist.

HinCTI: A Cyber Threat Intelligence Modeling and Identification System Based on Heterogeneous Information Network

Cyber attacks have become increasingly complicated, persistent, organized, and weaponized. Faces with this situation, drives a rising number of organizations across the world are showing a growing willingness to leverage the open exchange of cyber threat intelligence (CTI) for obtaining a full picture of the fast-evolving cyber threat situation and protecting themselves against cyber-attacks. However, modeling CTI is challenging due to the explicit and implicit relationships among CTI and the heterogeneity of cyber-threat infrastructure nodes involved in CTI. Owing to the limited labels of cyber threat infrastructure nodes involved in CTI, automatically identifying the threat type of infrastructure nodes for early warning is also challenging. To tackle these challenges, a practical system called <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">HinCTI</i> is developed for modeling cyber threat intelligence and identifying threat types. We first design a threat intelligence meta-schema to depict the semantic relatedness of infrastructure nodes. We then model cyber threat intelligence on heterogeneous information network (HIN), which can integrate various types of infrastructure nodes and rich relations among them. Following, we define a meta-path and meta-graph instances-based threat Infrastructure similarity (MIIS) measure between threat infrastructure nodes and present a MIIS measure-based heterogeneous graph convolutional network (GCN) approach to identify the threat types of infrastructure nodes involved in CTI. Moreover, through the hierarchical regularization strategy, our model can alleviate the problem of overfitting and achieve good results in the threat type identification of infrastructure nodes. To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first to model CTI on HIN for threat identification and propose a heterogeneous GCN-based approach for threat type identification of infrastructure nodes. With <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">HinCTI</i> , comprehensive experiments are conducted on real-world datasets, and experimental results demonstrate that our proposed approach can significantly improve the performance of threat type identification compared to the existing state-of-the-art baseline methods. Our work is beneficial to greatly relieve security analysts from heavy analysis work and efficiently protect organizations against cyber-attacks.

Симболична слика дивљих животиња у Молитвама на језеру Светог Николаја Велимировића

In this paper are researched zoonyms in Prayers by the Lake by St. Nicholai Velimirovich, as a very appropriate text for stylistic and philological analysis. Most of the zoonyms have symbolic meaning in different cultures, but this analysis shows that the creative act of the author can contribute to the spreading of their symbolic network in a certain context. Methodological and analytical procedures are based on the fundamental stylistic elements with including of lexicological approach relating to lexical semantic and paradigmatic lexical relation (hyponymy), as a basic principle for the systematization of excerpted zoonyms. Every zoonym has a unique description which contains: а) lexical meaning of zoonym; b) traditional symbolic meaning; c) symbolic meaning in the context of prayers verses. In the Prayers by the Lake zoonyms have multiple functions: a) as a mediator between God and man, b) as a linguistic means of expressing the experience of the lyrical subject, but also of man’s relationship to God; c) as a metaphorical image of people, their inner state, the state of the soul; d) as a picture of interpersonal relationships and situations, which are presented through animal characters; e) as a mediator in the expression of moral, spiritual instruction. In them, the zoonymic symbolic sphere goes beyond the framework of the usual pragmatics based on life experience in direct or indirect contact with the animal world and enters the sphere of the spiritual, with the emphasis on certain Christian principles. Key words: St. Nicholai Velimirovich, Prayers by the Lake, names of wild animals, Serbian language.