Sites In Great Britain Research Articles

Nitrogen Fixing Lichen Roles from Desert to Alpine in the Sangre de Cristo Mountains, New Mexico

Nitrogen Fixing Lichen Roles from Desert to Alpine in the Sangre de Cristo Mountains, New Mexico

The distribution and transport of airborne particulate matter and inorganic components in Great Britain

Daily measurements of total suspended particulate matter, sulfate, nitrate, ammonium and fluoride components were made during the heating and nonheating season at 6 primary and 5 secondary sites in Great Britain. Samples were collected with high volume air samplers operating for 24-h periods. The degree of association between the inorganic components was markedly influenced by the total suspended particulate concentration. A strong relationship was found between sulfate and ammonium concentrations at the primary sites. Wind direction was the most important factor in the particulate concentration levels in Great Britain. During stagnation conditions or when the wind was predominantly from an easterly or southern direction, i.e. from the northern European continent, particulate levels were highest. However, when the wind was predominantly from a westerly direction, i.e. the Atlantic Ocean, particulate levels were lowest. A discussion of particle size and particulate transport is given.

The evaluation of methods for measuring suspended particulates in air

An in-depth comparative study was conducted to define the relationships between and among commonly used methods for measuring suspended particulate matter. High volume air samplers, British smokeshade measuring devices, membrane filter samplers, tape samplers, and cascade impactor samplers were operated for 24-h sampling periods at 11 sites in Great Britain from January to June 1970. Data derived from gravimetric and optical analysis of the samples were used to develop regression equations and other relationships. Smokeshade measurements generally were lower than the corresponding hi-vol measurements when concentrations of suspended particulate matter were low. In contrast, black staining particulate matter can result in smokeshade values higher than corresponding values obtained gravimetrically. The soiling index correlated poorly with gravimetric measurements of suspended particulate matter. Size distributions and other parameters are discussed.

A study of caddis flies (Trichoptera) of the family Limnephilidae, based on the Rothamsted Insect Survey, 1964‐68

Captures of caddis flies of the family Limnephilidae from light traps at 52 sites in Great Britain are recorded and analysed. The distribution, sex proportions and seasonal occurrence of the species are discussed. A scheme is proposed for the classification of the flight periods of the British Limnephilidae in relation to their life cycles.

The Vigil network system: Observations on the establishment of benchmark hydrologic stations in small watersheds in the united states, together with suggestions for the establishment of similar sites in great britain

The Vigil network system: Observations on the establishment of benchmark hydrologic stations in small watersheds in the united states, together with suggestions for the establishment of similar sites in great britain

Atmospheric salinity and metal corrosion at various places in great britain

AbstractAn account is given of the distribution of chloride, sulphate and ammonia in airborne particles at many sites in Great Britain. The distribution of chloride, subject to many local anomalies, has the same general relation to distance from the sea as was found in West Africa.1 The atmospheric corrosion of steel and zinc varies comparatively little between sites and bears no relation to salinity. Movement of exposed surfaces increases salt deposition and the corrosion of metals.

Radiocarbon dating of the Late-glacial Period in Britain

Radiocarbon dating by means of a proportional gas-counter containing carbon dioxide at a pressure of 2 atm has been applied to the dating of deposits from several widely spaced sites in Great Britain. At each of these sites independent investigations of the stratigraphy and plant remains, and particularly systematic pollen analysis, had demonstrated that the deposits were referable to zones I, II and III of the Late-glacial Period. Organic samples were taken from carefully defined horizons at these sites. The datings are remarkably self-consistent and indicate that the zones as previously defined are synchronous throughout this country. It seems that the upper and lower boundaries for the cool temperate Allerod phase (zone II) fall approximately at 8800 and 10000 years B. C., whilst the succeeding colder phase (zone III) lasted until about 8300 B. C., approximately the time at which the ice-retreat began from the line of the Highland Re-advance in Scotland and from the Central Swedish moraines and Norwegian Raa in Scandinavia, as already suggested by varve-chronology. This is the Late-glacial/Post-glacial boundary. Brief comparison of published radiocarbon dates of the Late­ glacial zones in Denmark, north-west Germany and Holland indicate that these also are synchronous with one another and with the zones recognized in Britain. Attention is directed to five substantial sources of error to which datings of this kind are liable: contamination of the original samples by derived coal, the use of organic muds in which carbon has originated from photosynthesis of submerged plants in hard waters, failure to to observe gaps in the depositional sequence, the so-called ‘Suess’ effect, and the seepage of organic material from above into older layers.

Animal Bones from Archæological Sites in Britain

IN the course of the last forty years, animal bones found in numerous archæological excavations in Britain have been sent to Dr. J. Wilfrid Jackson, of Manchester University Museum, for investigation and report. In most cases the excavators allowed Dr. Jackson to retain the material, and he has thus been able to build up an extensive and unique collection of dated skeletal remains of animals hunted or husbanded by man down the ages. The English part he has now presented to the British Museum (Natural History), where, in the Osteological Section of the Department of Zoology, it will serve as the basis of a central reference collection of dated mammalian bones from prehistoric and early historic sites in Great Britain. This collection will be in the charge of Dr. F. C. Fraser. It is understood that Dr. Jackson is presenting material from Welsh and Scottish sites to the respective national museums.

Protection of Ancient Monuments and Sites in Great Britain

THE conference of representatives of learned societies and other bodies summoned by the British Association to consider the question of “further protection of sites of historic or scientific interest or of natural beauty against disfigurement or obstruction “was held at the rooms of the Society of Antiquaries on March 21. Among the bodies represented were the British Association, the Society of Antiquaries, the National Trust, the Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings, the Royal Geographical Society, the Royal Anthropological institute, the Zoological Society, the Congress of Archaeological Societies, the Archaeological Institute, the Society of Roman Studies, and the Folklore Society. The chair was taken by Lord Crawford and Balcarres.