Sister Province Research Articles

Identifying Cultural Diplomacy and Sustainable Development in Sister Province Cooperation of Bali, Indonesia

While States have traditionally formed the focus of International Relations studies, the contributions of local government actors have become increasingly important in both influencing and responding to the forces of global politics, including in the Global South. In this vein, this preliminary study explores the practice of the local government in initiating sister province cooperation in Bali, Indonesia. This study uses three conceptual frameworks: paradiplomacy, sustainable development, and critical discourse analysis. Primary data were collected through interviews with relevant local government officials in Bali and secondary data were gathered from academic articles, official websites, and online news items. This paper identified two most prominent sectors of this cooperation, namely: tourism and culture. These two areas align with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). While clearly connected with governmental and international goals, challenges remain in implementing sister province cooperation, achieving continuity among the parties involved, and dealing with funding limitations.

Harmony in Leadership

In an era where globalization is reshaping every facet of our lives, international cooperation holds the key to progress. The Special Province of Yogyakarta seized the moment to forge a transformative partnership with Japan's Kyoto Prefecture, inaugurated on 16th July 1985. This study delves into the tapestry of this 'sister province' cooperation, tracing its historical trajectory and discerning the elements behind its enduring success. Employing qualitative research involving stakeholders’ interviews from both regions, this study unveils compelling insights. This cooperation emerges as successful model of 'sister province' initiatives in Indonesia, aligning seamlessly with the government's benchmarks—ranging from mutual benefits and sustainable initiatives to positive community impacts. It is also found that leadership factors influence the success of this sister province cooperation. Both leaders can manage and encourage collective action to support this cooperation. Moreover, both regions boast a vibrant cultural heritage, sharing numerous similarities that energize and deepen the ties between these sister provinces. Yet, even amidst its achievements, challenges like budgetary constraints and manpower shortages cast shadows. This research, therefore, not only unveils the success story of the Yogyakarta-Kyoto cooperation, but also enriches scholarly discussion on the broader contributions of 'sister province' initiatives in Indonesia international cooperation landscape.

KERJASAMA PEMERINTAH PROVINSI SULAWESI SELATAN DAN PREFEKTUR EHIME DALAM PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI IKAN TUNA

This research was conducted to explain how the cooperation between South Sulawesi Province and Japan's Ehime Prefecture is a form of sister province cooperation where this inter-regional cooperation aims to provide options for regional development. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach that is built on the theory of Paradiplomacy and the concept of Sister Province based on the analyst's explanation given by Takdir Ali Mukti who assumes that Paradiplomacy refers to the behavior and capacity of conducting foreign relations with foreign parties carried out by sub-state entities, in the context of their specific interests. The concept of sister province cooperation is the solution taken by the South Sulawesi Provincial Government in cooperation with Japan's Ehime Prefecture. In this collaboration, the Provincial Government of South Sulawesi cooperates in the development of several fields where one of the most interested in Japan is cooperation in the field of marine product cultivation in which the type of commodity is tuna. The solution taken by the South Sulawesi government by using the sister province cooperation channel found variables that encourage South Sulawesi to find strategies used in developing tuna fish production.

ANALYSIS OF FORMATION OF SISTER PROVINCE INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION

This research aims at how cooperation occurs in establishing international collaboration between the Provincial Government of South Sulawesi and Ehime Prefecture with areas of cooperation stated in the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU). This study used a qualitative descriptive approach with data obtained through library research, interviews, observations, and documentation, and eight informants were determined by purposive sampling. This study uses Dunn's (2004) theory; several things are needed, namely Problem Formulation, Forecasting, Recommendations, Observations, and Assessments, which are used to analyze the formation of Sister Province International Cooperation, South Sulawesi Provincial Government, and Ehime Prefecture, Japan. The results of this study indicate that so far, the coordination carried out with the Ministry of Home Affairs and Foreign Affairs is a flow that is by Government Regulation Number 28 of 2018. In establishing and implementing international cooperation with the South Sulawesi Provincial Government and Ehime Prefecture, there are several problems, including internal factors such as a change in the throne of leadership and miscommunication between the South Sulawesi Provincial Government and the agencies. Another problem is external factors, namely the Covid-19 pandemic and communication between the Provincial Government of South Sulawesi and Ehime Prefecture, which is not running smoothly, so this cooperation has not yet worked. In international cooperation, involving other parties who can make the collaboration successful is necessary.

Prevent Child Marriage by Improving Education in West Nusa Tenggara Through Sister Province Relations with Kujawsko-Pomorskie, Poland

This study aims to determine the local government's efforts to prevent child marriage by establishing foreign relations with other countries in education, in this case, the Province of West Nusa Tenggara (NTB) and Kujawsko-Pomorskie, Poland. This foreign relationship is carried out by NTB as an effort to increase human resources through education with a country with very good quality education, namely Poland. This research method is descriptive-qualitative with the concept of sister province and the concept of Para diplomacy, which provides space for local governments to conduct foreign relations with other countries. The technique of collecting data by conducting a literature study is by examining various secondary sources in the form of books, articles, official news, and online news that are relevant to this research. The data analysis technique is through the stages of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, then drawing conclusions. The results of this study indicate that the existence of foreign relations in the context of sister provinces carried out by the Provinces of NTB, Indonesia, and Kujawsko-Pomorskie, Poland was initiated by the leaders of each province which then paved the way for educational cooperation between institutions in the two provinces. So that through this educational collaboration, the NTB Provincial Government can encourage the improvement of the quality of education which is expected to strengthen human development and prevent child marriage.

Regionalism or Otherness in Greater Romania: Bessarabia’s Response to Cultural Nationalism in the First Years after Unification (1918–1930)

This article tackles the “thorny issue” of Bessarabia’s integration into Greater Romania. A former gubernia inside the Russian Empire for approximately one century, the population of this region, located between the Rivers Prut and Dniester, displayed reluctance to unite with Romania. The paper analyzes the sociopolitical environment that led to the union with the Kingdom of Romania in 1918; it then reassesses the policies of homogenization carried out by the Romanian state during its aggressive nationalization campaign and Bessarabia’s reaction to them. Bessarabia’s reunion with its historical sister provinces in 1918, as well as the entire period throughout which the region was part of Romania, is still a highly politicized subject. This article stresses the response of people of different identities to the reconfiguration of the center-periphery relationship, and to Romania’s mission to consolidate a “nationalizing state.” It therefore emphasizes the asymmetry between the aspirations of the center and those of the Bessarabian populations.

PARADIPLOMASI PEMERINTAH PROVINSI BALI UNTUK SISTER PROVINCE BALI DENGAN HO CHI MINH DI BIDANG PARIWISATA

Indonesia and Vietnam jointly carried out an increase in bilateral cooperation into a strategic partnership with tourism as one of the sectors to concentrate on. This is done, considering that currently the tourism sector is a sector that can be relied upon to improve people's welfare and national development for a country. The increasing number of tourist visits also made the two parties agree to pioneer a sister province cooperation between Bali-Ho Chi Minh in the tourism sector, considering that Bali and Ho Chi Minh themselves are tourism icons of each country. In the process, the Bali Provincial Government and the Vietnamese Government carried out various forms of activities as promotional efforts to joint assessments related to tourism for both parties. However, until now the process of implementing the Bali-Ho Chi Minh sister province cooperation has not continued, even the signing of the sister province cooperation agreement document planned for April 2020 has also been delayed due to the emergence of the covid-19 pandemic. However, currently the Bali Provincial Government is still intensively carrying out various efforts to revive the tourism sector and in its efforts to regain the trust of tourists to feel safe and comfortable traveling on the island of Bali. Keywords: Bilateral Cooperation, Paradiplomacy, Sister Province, Tourism

ANALISIS KERJASAMA PEMERINTAHAN REGIONAL DIY DAN KYOTO: SEKARANG DAN MASA MENDATANG

Paradiplomacy is a diplomatic relationship carried out by non-state actors. Paradiplomacy is one part of international relations in the modern era, and that international relations in the present era is not state-centric or centered only on the state, but also on non-state actors such as individuals or even local governments. The cooperation between Kyoto Prefecture and the government of the Special Region of Yogyakarta is one form of paradiplomacy, which is called the Sister City. Sister Province itself is a collaboration either engaged in politics or economics or both carried out between two regional governments that have the same problems and views and the cooperation carried out is aimed at solving problems that exist between the two cities. The cooperation between the Special Region of Yogyakarta and Kyoto is one of the Sister Province collaborations which is said to be quite productive and produces many things that benefit both parties. In this paper, the author will try to explain the cooperation carried out by the two parties in detail and explain the past and future that can be done by both parties involved in the cooperation. The author uses data from 2015-2020. The author assumes that the Sister City cooperation between DIY and Kyoto produces many productive things. The author uses a descriptive-analytic method.
 Keywords : Sister Province, Yogyakarta, Kyoto, Paradiplomacy, Transnational

West Java’s Fashion Diplomacy to South Australia: A Model of Sister Province Cooperation

Sister Province is a concept that describes inter sub-national cooperation from two different countries. West Java Province, as one of the three provinces with the largest population in Indonesia, has built a Sister Province cooperation with South Australia. This Sister Province cooperation has been established from 1997 and revitalized during the leadership of the 14th Governor of West Java, Ahmad Heryawan, in 2015. The revitalization of West-South-South Java cooperation began with the signing of a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) containing work plans in both regions in various fields. In the MoU, West Java and South Australia collaborated in the arts and culture, which is related to the modest fashion. The realization of the West Java and South Australia Sister Province was the cooperation of Bandung Islamic Fashion Institute (IFI) as the first Muslim fashion school in Indonesia, and Technical and Further Education (TAFE) as vocational schools and training in South Australia. This study uses the paradiplomacy theory and the sister province concept as analytical tools. The research was conducted to know how the process and the implementation of IFI and TAFE cooperation as a form of Sister Province Cooperation. The research method used is descriptive qualitative research with literature studies. This research resulted in the cooperation of the Sister Province of West Java-South Australia through IFI and TAFE running quite well, namely by the realization of scientific exchanges and fashion show collaborations between the two institutions. However, other cooperation plans have not been realized and require both parties and the government to assist in the preparation of realization and achieve effective and profitable cooperation.

Optimizing the Ability of Aceh Province in Paradiplomacy Practice

This paper analyzes the opportunities for the development of Aceh province in the era of globalization. Paradiplomacy is one of the efforts that can be utilized to develop the Aceh province. Based on the Constitution Number 11 of 2006 on the Aceh government, has given Aceh province considerable authority to develop its territory, including establishing diplomatic relations with the regions others abroad through the Paradiplomacy practice. But, with this considerable authority, Aceh is still the poorest region in Sumatra and the poorest number 6 in Indonesia based on the statistics centre data (BPS) in 2019. This means that Aceh still fails to exploit its social and natural conditions for the development of its territory. In This research we used qualitative method, by gathering previous studies through observation, interviews and data collection. Aceh could utilize the "Tsunami Disaster" to become the initial capital to practice paradiplomacy with other regions abroad. Actually Aceh also has other capital, namely as a former conflict area and also as the best coffee producer in the world. Therefore, Aceh has at least three large capitals to establish cooperation with foreign parties through the paradiplomacy practice, with the concept of sister Province, Sister City.

PENGEMBANGAN KAPASITAS MASYARAKAT PARTISIPATIF: STUDI IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM SAEMAUL UNDONG DI KABUPATEN GUNUNG KIDUL DIY

Saemaul Undong program implementation in DI Yogyakarta province is the result of sister province cooperation between government of DI Yogyakarta which represented by the Agency of Women and Community Empowerment and Gyeongsangbuk-do province, South Korea which represented by Saemaul Global Foundation (SGF). The focus of program are farming and women empowerment where Bleberan village, Gunung Kidul regency as one of implementation area. The aim of research are, first, to learn the condition, potency, and the challenge of Saemaul Undong program implementation; second, to learn the participation process and the strategy chance of community empowerment. The method of research is qualitative evaluation by elaborating survey, literature review, interview, and focus group discussion. Qualitative analyse is done making deep description and survey analyse is matching the characteristic of result. The result showed that Saemaul Undong program implementation Bleberan village has good response and can bridging the relation between government and community in village farming development. Besides that, Saemaul Undong program also improved the spirit of self-quality development through sharing experience and knowledge. The consequents are persuasion process to make others people interest to this program quite hard. The strategy of capacity building of organization, access improvement, and infrastructure development, strengthening system capacity, improvement of skill and income is a form of collaboration and result of cooperation inter sector between village government and Saemaul Undong Global Foundation. Keywords: Saemaul Undong, Capacity, Participation, Strategy, CollaborationDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um021v4i12019p001

Correction to: Are ‘Sister Cities’ from ‘Sister Provinces’? An Exploratory Study of Sister City Relations (SCRs) in China

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. The article title should read as “Are ‘Sister Cities’ from ‘Sister Provinces’? An Exploratory Study of Sister City Relations (SCRs) in China”.

Are ‘Sister Cities’ from ‘Sister Provinces’? An Exploratory Study of Sister City Relations (SCRs) in China

Sister city relations (SCRs) represent a significant but less well researched type of inter-city (regional) networks. While most analyses of the connectivity of Chinese cities focus on economic linkages such as air traffic flows and corporate connections, limited attention has been paid to SCRs, as an emerging mediator in affecting global inter-city networks. This study not only summarizes the key specificities and patterns of SCRs development in China, but also investigates the correlations between inter-province twinning and inter-city twinning, i.e., whether cities from ‘sister provinces’ are more likely form SCRs. Our empirical analysis suggests that (1) SCRs can be fostered by cities from a province that does not have corresponding provincial-level twining relations; (2) SCRs do not necessarily link cities from ‘sister provinces’; and (3) SCRs and other global economic connections tend to be correlated for Chinese cities. The paper concludes with some theoretical reflections and research agendas for future in-depth studies.

Review of Sister Province between East Java Province-Indonesia and Prefecture Osaka-Japan

The cooperation between East Java province of Indonesia and Osaka Prefecture of Japan is one of the oldest sub-national or local government’s international cooperation in both countries. The cooperation has been growing both in scope of fields and areas. From East Java perspective, the cooperation should to be more intensive on investment and workers capabilities, while Osaka views that the increasing of human resources is important point. Both of local government agree that their cooperation is important as the back-bond of Indonesia-Japan bilateral relations, and the focus on trade and economy should to be expand. Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) is one of the priority of them now. But, they also face the challenges in the infrastructure and clear information provided. The involvement of local government under provincial/prefectural level and non-government actors including universities and NGO is needed and synergized with the cooperation.

The Evangelical Discovery of History

‘From some modern perspectives’, wrote James Belich, a leading historian of New Zealand, in 1996, ‘the evangelicals are hard to like. They dressed like crows; seemed joyless, humourless and sometimes hypocritical; [and] they embalmed the evidence poor historians need to read in tedious preaching’. Similar views have often been expressed in the historiography of Evangelical Protestantism, the subject of this essay. It will cover such disapproving appraisals of the Evangelical past, but because a high proportion of the writing about the movement was by insiders it will have more to say about studies by Evangelicals of their own history. Evangelicals are taken to be those who have placed particular stress on the value of the Bible, the doctrine of the cross, an experience of conversion and a responsibility for activism. They were to be found in the Church of England and its sister provinces of the Anglican communion, forming an Evangelical party that rivalled the high church and broad church tendencies, and also in the denominations that stemmed from Nonconformity in England and Wales, as well as in the Protestant churches of Scotland. Evangelicals were strong, often overwhelmingly so, within Methodism and Congregationalism and among the Baptists and the Presbyterians. Some bodies that arose later on, including the (so-called Plymouth) Brethren, the Churches of Christ and the Pentecostals (the last two primarily American in origin), joined the Evangelical coalition.

Archbishop A.-A. Tache of St. Boniface: The 'Good Fight' and the Illusive Vision (review)

Reviewed by: Archbishop A.-A. Taché of St. Boniface: The 'Good Fight' and the Illusive Vision Brian Clarke (bio) Raymond J.A. Huel . Archbishop A.-A. Taché of St. Boniface: The 'Good Fight' and the Illusive Vision University of Alberta Press 2003. xxv, 430. $39.95 Born in 1823 to a well-connected and pious French-Canadian family in Lower Canada, Alexandre-Antonin Taché felt called to the priesthood very early in life. While in seminary during the early 1840s, filled with the zeal [End Page 305] inspired by the Ultramontane religious revival promoted by Bishop Ignace Bourget of Montreal, he dedicated himself to mission work and joined the Oblates. In the summer of 1845 he began missionary work among the Aboriginal and Métis peoples in the Canadian Northwest. In 1851 he was appointed coadjutor for St Boniface and in 1852, when he was just thirty years old, succeeded to the bishopric. In 1871, Rome elevated him to become archbishop and metropolitan for the West, in which position he remained until his death in 1894. Taché's episcopacy spanned the formative years of Manitoba's settlement and the establishment of the Catholic church in that province. As a consequence, he played a major role in the developments and controversies of the time. At the request of the federal government, he negotiated a peace in 1870 to end the Red River Rebellion of 1869, and as a religious leader he played a formative role in securing legislation that established a dual confessional and linguistic system of education, the foundation, he hoped, of a French-speaking and Catholic sister province to Quebec. To this end, he also became involved in provincial politics, promoting politicians who would defend the linguistic and religious rights of the province's French-speaking Catholics together with the Métis' rights to land. This was to be Taché's lifelong vision for the province, and the realization of this vision was something that was to elude him. Demographics, to be sure, defeated the vision. The Métis dispersed to continue hunting as settlers arrived, and these settlers were English-speaking Protestants, mainly from Ontario. Taché's long-hoped-for migration from the Quebec heartland never materialized. But as Raymond J.A. Huel shows in his definitive biography, Taché was often his own worst enemy. An adept financial administrator, whose expertise in such matters was drawn on by both fellow clergy and laymen, he had little understanding of human nature and was incapable of relating to other people. Not only was Taché emotionally aloof, he was also politically naïve, a fatal flaw in one who hoped to be a social leader. He was, moreover, a natural polemicist, one who could not resist dashing out vitriol, when soothing words might have won the hearts of his readers. It comes as no surprise, then, that Taché managed to alienate significant federal and provincial politicians as well as some of Quebec's foremost bishops, sometimes precisely when he needed their support the most. In declining health towards the end of his career, he led the fight against the Manitoba Schools Act of 1890. This act, passed by the English-speaking Protestant majority, eliminated confessional schools and abolished instruction in French, a betrayal, he believed, of the protections promised in the Manitoba Act of 1870, the federal legislation that established the province. Today, Taché is probably best known for his unsuccessful attempts to win for Louis Riel an amnesty for his role in the Red River Rebellion of 1869 and then later a reprieve from a death sentence for leading the North West Rebellion of 1885. [End Page 306] Huel's biography of Taché is the product of a lifetime of scholarship, and Huel has the rare gift of drawing his readers in and enabling them to see the world as Taché saw it. This perspective is this study's strength but also its one weak spot. The other players in the western drama - the Métis and the Anglo-Protestant settlers - remain cast as Taché's opponents rather than groups with their own hopes for status and aspirations to collective identity. Huel's portrait is indeed a sympathetic one, but...

Quebec's physicians, infant mortality and nationalist politics, 1910-1940

This article analyzes the discourse of a Québécois medical elite, comprising primarily public health physicians and pediatricians, concerning infant mortality between 1910 and 1940. It emphasizes its similarities with nationalist discourse, and the fact that nationalist ideology provided doctors with arguments to justify the staggeringly high infant mortality rate experienced by their compatriots and encouraged them to glorify the high birthrate of French Canadians. According to the medico-nationalist discourse, the high birthrate (or "Revanche des berceaux") would even have been an obstacle to their struggle against infant mortality (or their "Veillée"). The legendary fecundity of French-Canadian women, a myth that is historically questionable, could thus explain, at least partially, the fact that public health measures adopted in Quebec during this period were less stringent than in Ontario, the "sister province" that Quebec's hygienists took nonetheless as their point of reference.

In Saskatchewan—It's Middle Years

Sparked by the foregoing events, a small group of less than a dozen teachers began to meet on a regular basis to explore and plan. As we examined the American models, we also faced the reality of our situation in this large and sparsely populated province. Saskatchewan is about the same size as Texas and has a widely scattered population of about one million people in all, many of them rural and/or scattered across the even emptier northern half of the province. Further, the economy is largely resource-based and heavily dependent on the whims of climate and the market place. So we borrowed the term middle years from our sister province of Manitoba in the recognition that it might better serve the needs and the realities of an area where there would never be the

Post-War Agricultural Settlement in Manitoba

T SHE Canadian province of Manitoba shares with her sister provinces, Saskatchewan, Alberta, and British Columbia, a zone of active agricultural settlement that extends in a great arc from the Lake of the Woods westward to the foothills of the Rocky Mountains. This fringe is located within the southern margin of the Boreal Forest, which forms a broad belt across the North American continent from Alaska to Labrador. Since World War II, a considerable amount of virgin land has been settled under provincial supervision and with both provincial and Dominion assistance in various forms. A particularly striking feature of the post-war period has been the placement of Canadian war veterans on Crown lands within the frontier zone under the terms of the Veterans Land Act of 1942. In addition to the demand for land on the part of veterans, there has been a need to provide low-priced land for the sons of Canadian farmers faced with increasingly high land values in the settled portions of the country. Recent agricultural settlement in Manitoba must be investigated within the framework of provincial land policy, for nearly all of the virgin land available to prospective farmers is Crown land: that is, publicly-owned land whose title rests in the provincial government. Only a scattering of private holdings remained unsettled by the time of the Second World War, mainly Hudson's Bay Company lands with little agricultural potential. Most of the latter have been sold since 1945 to timber operators rather than to pioneer farmers. The present study, therefore, is concerned with post-war settlement of Crown lands in Manitoba and with the policy of the provincial government with respect to such settlement.

Boys and Girls Clubs

The Poultry work carried on through the Boys and Girls Clubs in the Province of Manitoba has probably been a greater factor in stimulating an interest in poultry keeping for the younger generation than any other single line of work yet attempted. The history of these poultry clubs does not date back as far as that of some of our sister provinces or States, but in the two years, during which they have been in operation they have accomplished a good deal. Eight of these clubs were organized in May, 1913, and over 3,000 eggs distributed, and although it was late in the season for getting a good start, still the results were so satisfactory that in the Spring of 1914, an additional nineteen clubs were organized and 12,564 eggs distributed. Out of the eight clubs organized last year, seven were directed and supported by the Consolidated Schools District and . . .