Sinking Ship Research Articles

Boarding a Sinking Ship? Labor Supply to Financial Firms in Distress

Boarding a Sinking Ship? Labor Supply to Financial Firms in Distress

바지선 구조변경이 계류력 변화와 안정성에 미치는 영향

Structural modifications of a ship may cause a fatal accident such as sinking and wrecking of ship. Especially, barge ship can be easily reconstructed to load more bulk cargo. In this study, for a real accident case, change of mooring force due to structural modification was analyzed to evaluate accident risk. A two dimensional dynamic model for the barge ship was constructed to compute mooring forces with related to floating motion. The equation of motion was established in Matlab code and buoyancy was calculated by using direct integration of submerged volume. The results showed that wind force, current force, and mooring force after rebuilding was approximately 4.3 kN, 14 kN, 1,561 kN respectively. The maximum force of mooring force according to the length of mooring cable were 1,614 kN at 30 m of mooring cable. Thus, an arbitrary modification of ship lead instability and unreliable result so that illegal rebuilding of ship should be avoided.

"When Orthodoxy was not as chic as it is today": The Jewish Forum and American Modern Orthodoxy

The Jewish Forum was an American Orthodox monthly published from 1918 to 1962. It reflected issues and developments affecting Orthodox Judaism in America, from the twenties to the sixties. In these decades, Orthodoxy went from being a threatened entity on the American scene to a well-recognized, respected force in Judaism and The Jewish Forum played a role in this transformation. The journal is a useful research tool for tracing the history of the development of Modern Orthodoxy in America in the twentieth century and is itself part of that history. Jewish journals in America have had a history of struggling for their very existence and disappearing with “alarming frequency” and so The Jewish Forum's forty-four years of publishing, against all odds, constitutes an achievement of some significance.1 The Jewish Forum sought to strengthen those who wanted to lead an Orthodox life in America. The editor wrote, in 1926, that the aim of The Jewish Forum was to “bring them [Jews] back to the fold and to keep those that are still reluctant to break away.”2 It sought, as well, to win the allegiance of Jews attracted to Reform or Conservative Judaism. The Jewish Forum set out to accomplish these goals by demonstrating that Orthodoxy in America, which contemporary critics likened to a sinking ship, was relevant.3 This was not an easy task in an age in which traditional Judaism was widely seen as out of date and “not fit for modern life.”4 At its demise, The Jewish Forum could look back to its beginnings, “when Orthodoxy was not as chic as it is today, nor even acceptable.”5

Sedimentology of a wreck: The Rainbow Warrior revisited

The wreck of the Rainbow Warrior, a 40-m ship sunk on 12 December 1987 in Matauri Bay (34° 59′ S, 173° 56′ E), Cavalli Islands, northeastern New Zealand, offers an opportunity to investigate the impact of artificial substrate on temperate carbonate sedimentation. Surface sediment samples showed no significant textural or compositional difference between sediments near the wreck and those far from it. The large and diverse carbonate-producing community resident on the wreck (dominated by bryozoans, corals and sponges) has not had a measurable influence on adjacent bottom sediments (dominated by bivalves and barnacles), even after 21years. It is likely that carbonate production on the Rainbow Warrior is insufficient to leave any sedimentary record over the potential lifetime of the wreck on the seafloor, which informs our understanding of the long-term impacts of shipwrecks (and other artificial substrata) on the local benthic environment in shallow temperate ecosystems.

A Game-Theoretic Explanation of China’s Korea Policy in the Cases of Cheonan Ship Sinking and Yeonpyeong Island Attack

A Game-Theoretic Explanation of China’s Korea Policy in the Cases of Cheonan Ship Sinking and Yeonpyeong Island Attack

China and the United Nations: The Stakeholder Spectrum

In December 2009, representatives of 192 nations—not to mention thousands of journalists, activists, and business executives—assembled in Copenhagen for the 15th Conference of the Parties to the Un...

Physics in the News: The Deepwater Horizon Disaster

On April 20, 2010, there were explosions and fire on the drilling “ship” the Deepwater Horizon, which was drilling for petroleum in the Gulf of Mexico about 70 kilometers south of the Louisiana coast. The spectacular fires ultimately caused the Deepwater Horizon to sink on April 22. There were 126 people on the ship before the fire. After the sinking, 11 people were missing and presumed dead. After the ship sank, several hundred cubic meters of petroleum began to emerge each day from the broken underwater piping on the sea floor. The petroleum rose to the surface, where the winds caused it to drift toward the shores of the Gulf. The oil slick is a great threat to the coastal ecosystems. “President Obama…called the scene unfolding in the Gulf a ‘massive and potentially unprecedented environmental disaster.’”1 Not only is this an environmental disaster, it is a big setback for deepwater drilling for petroleum and for our nation's efforts to reduce our dependence on foreign oil.

Lessons from Haiti

Lessons from Haiti

National Security and Human Security through the Cheonan ship sinking and North Korea’s artillery attack on Yeonpyeong Island

National Security and Human Security through the Cheonan ship sinking and North Korea’s artillery attack on Yeonpyeong Island

Loose lips sink (fellow)ships?

![Figure][1] The cursing was so loud that I could hear it inside the tissue-culture room, cutting through the roar of the fans like a fresh batch of restriction enzyme. Thinking that one of my colleagues had been injured, I abandoned my cell cultures and dashed into the main lab. The space

Labor turnover before plant closure: “Leaving the sinking ship” vs. “Captain throwing ballast overboard”

Involuntary job loss in administrative data is commonly identified by exploiting the exogenous nature of mass layoffs or plant closures. However, prior knowledge can lead to selection in the labor turnover of distressed firms. This paper proposes a simple method to determine if and when selective turnover sets in. Based on a rich administrative data set for Austria, we show that separations up to two quarters before plant closure should be included in the treatment group. Moreover, we find that early leavers are associated with significantly lower costs of job loss due to plant closure.

The Myths of Gallipoli

The Myths of Gallipoli Robin Prior (bio) In 1915 the British and the French undertook a joint effort to seize Constantinople and secure a sea route to Russia. The attempt failed and is widely considered to be one of military history's greatest strategic blunders. Yet myths about the Gallipoli campaign persist. Indeed, the myths surrounding the Gallipoli campaign are so numerous that they easily exceed the mythology of all the other campaigns of the Great War combined. The Gallipoli myths range widely. They cover such issues as whether particular incidents in the campaign represented potentially victorious turning points, whether the campaign if successful could have shortened the war, whether inadequacies of the men and their leaders led to failure, and whether it laid the foundations of two modern nations, Turkey and Australia. It is hard to say why such a range of myths grew up around the Gallipoli campaign. But certainly some very strong-minded individuals who wrote histories of the campaign had vested interests in the propagation of these myths. Winston Churchill, who presents himself in The World Crisis as the instigator of the campaign, believed that its ruination brought about the (temporary) ruination of his own career. So he sifted through the evidence to find instances of military bungling and opportunities thrown away. C.E.W. Bean, the Australian official historian, sought out moments where the bungling of the British cost Australians victory. He was the first to see how the birth of an Australia no longer subordinate to the mother country could originate on the beaches of Gallipoli. C. Aspinall-Oglander, the British official historian of the campaign, and a member of General Ian Hamilton's staff at Gallipoli, sought moments where sloth and incompetence in lower-order commanders brought to nothing many of the plans he had devised. The myths abound, but here I will focus on the major ones. The first involves the naval attack on the Dardanelles. This came to be the overture of the land campaign but was initially intended to make the landing of soldiers unnecessary by sending a fleet through the Narrows and forcing the surrender of Constantinople by ships alone. This attack commenced on February 19, 1915, and reached its culmination in the great attack of March 18. It failed, with three Allied ships sunk and three crippled. But it is said that if the naval attack had been resumed, the Turkish forts would have been unable to resist the fleet because they were running so short of ammunition. There are many studies that show that the Turkish forts actually had plenty of ammunition left. But to concentrate on the state of the forts is to miss a more important point: it was not the forts that were the main obstacle to the fleet but the rows of Turkish mines that lay in the Narrows. Despite almost a month of endeavor the minesweepers failed to clear a single mine, either because they could not make headway against the Dardanelles current or because they were deluged with shells from the concealed and mobile batteries on both sides of the Straits. With over 350 mines presenting an impenetrable barrier to the fleet, it mattered little if the forts had sufficient ammunition or not. Click for larger view View full resolution A 1915 German print showing soldiers advancing under fire at night on the Gallipoli Peninsula. Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division [reproduction number, LC-USZ62-12134]. The second myth relates to the timing of the military campaign. Just over a month passed from the time that the navy conceded that they could not force the Straits to the time that the military landed. During this period the Turks reinforced their defenses on the Peninsula. If the landings had taken place earlier, so the argument runs, they would have proved successful. This myth ignores the weather in the Eastern Mediterranean in spring. Even if troops had been immediately available to follow up the naval failure, the weather would have prohibited a landing. The seas were too rough for most of the period between operations to land sufficient troops to force their way through to the Straits. The last of the storms...

TU-C-203-02: Negotiation Challenges for Medical Physicists

Medical Physicist face, and often create for themselves, unique challenges in working out contracts for the provision of professional services. We are very often in the position of trying to sell something at a very high cost to someone who does not know or care what we do. The inclination is strong on both sides to not get bogged down in the details. Negotiation often tumbles to a simple matter of, “I'll take that job for this amount of money.” Only later does it unfold that the two parties each had very different ideas of “normal expectations.” While this cannot be completely avoided, especially in the context of rapid hospital administrator turnover, there are things that can be done to lengthen the Half‐life of Despair. Clear specifications of the scope of duties, areas of responsibility and authority, work environment and schedule, etc. should always be central to the process of agreeing to do work for pay. We must bear in mind that these things are necessary but not sufficient. Contracts exist as a useful tool for future recollection of the conversations that generate them, but ultimately the only parties that benefit from the existence of a contract in a situation gone bad are the attorneys who are engaged to parse it. A contract will not save you from a sinking ship. Whether the contract is ever useful or not, contract negotiation is vitally important as a process. Contract negotiation is the moment in a relationship when one has the clearest opportunity to establish the tone of the relationship and to sample the culture of the organization. The negotiation period is the last time that everything will be possible. To be successful in that process a Medical Physicist is best served by having a very clear understanding of his/her own professional identity and a heightened awareness of the subtle messages that are sent from the other side. These are skills that many of us could stand to refine for ourselves. In this brief presentation I will touch on some of the elements of a successful negotiation of acceptable terms to perform the professional work of a Medical Physicist, going beyond the well‐known boilerplate elements of a professional contract to the more subtle and much more important challenge of framing the infrastructure of a sustainable relationship with strangers in a very short time. Learning objectives: 1. Understand the difference between “taking a job” and “joining a practice.” 2. Explore how professional identity influences the negotiation process. 3. Be reminded that work relationships are about working with people much more than about well‐crafted contracts. 4. Understand the importance of a well‐crafted contract.

IZIN PENGANGKATAN BENDA BERHARGA ATAS MUATAN KAPAL TENGGELAM (BMKT) SEBAGAI INSTRUMEN KONSERVASI SUMBER DAYA LAUT DI INDONESIA

The writing is aimed to know the management of marine resources related to the business of making objects of cargo ship sank in Indonesian waters. This is related to obligatory countries in meeting the public’s right to good environment as stated in Article 28 H of the Indonesia Constitution of 1945. In fact this is now the object-decision activity on cargo ship sank materials often done by a person or a foreign business entity that tried to search for treasure in Indonesia, this will be detrimental to objects of cultural heritage in Indonesia and can make damage or environmental pollution. Thus the need for government facilities that can control these activities, one means that governments use to control is through the permit retrieval objects loads up sink ships. The principle that should be applied in making the management of the objects sinking ship include: (i) legislation to permit, (ii) the issuance of permits, (iii) to permit law enforcement, and (iv) the responsibilities of government (publisher permission). Research and writing of this normative approach that starts from the legislation on marine resource management and licensing in the starter making objects cargo ship sank and regional governance. The results of this study will describe the relationship between objects permits retrieval of cargo ship sunk as a means to control the objects that fall into objects of cultural heritage and effort to of control pollution of the in marine environment in Indonesia.Keyword : license, law enforcement, government responsibility.

Sea Power

There is no More Sea Power. What Kind of Awe can a Fleet or an Aircraft Carrier inspire in the Nuclear Age, Whose Blasts have given a new character to military majesty and sublimity and whose marine vehicles are hidden beneath the waves? Nor do the ocean-girding voyages of global commerce offer a sense of majesty, the neat stacks of containers rising high above the decks being mere floating versions of the endless stacks at the prosaic, crane-filled ports of Busan, Long Beach, Elizabeth, or Singapore. The sea is full of transport, labor, and industry, but spectacle has moved elsewhere: what remains of the nautical in the visual media is the nostalgic sublimity of sinking ships or historical reenactments of blue-water glory. As if to underscore this vacuum of hegemonic maritime power in an age of shock and awe, the pirates of Puntland and Sulu still have their way in the Gulf of Aden and the Strait of Malacca, as they have for centuries. Latter-day posturing by the epigones of interstate maritime power contenders approaches farce, as in the struggle for the Arctic, joined by Russia, Canada, the United States, Denmark, and Norway, punctuated by Russian flags at the bottom of the sea and by the specter of Danish military incursion into what Canada claims as its sovereign territory (Craciun).

Seasonal variations of phage life strategies and bacterial physiological states in three northern temperate lakes

The current consensus concerning the prevalence of lytic and lysogenic phage life cycles in aquatic systems is that the host physiological state may influence viral strategies, lysogeny being favoured when hosts have reduced metabolic rates. We explored this hypothesis, by following phage cycle dynamics, host physiological state and metabolic activity over an annual cycle in three lakes subjected to strong seasonal fluctuations, including 4-5 months of ice cover. We observed marked seasonal dynamics of viral and bacterial communities, with low bulk and cell-specific bacterial metabolism in winter, and a dramatic increase in injured bacteria under the ice cover in all lakes. This period was accompanied by contrasting patterns in the proportion of lysogenic cells. In the eutrophic lake, times of low bacterial metabolic rates and high proportion of damaged cells corresponded to highest levels of lysogeny, supporting the notion that hosts are a 'refuge' for viruses. In the two unproductive lakes, peaks of injured cells corresponded to a minimum of lysogeny, suggesting an 'abandon the sinking ship' response, where the prophage replicates before the loss of genome. We suggest that these diverging responses to the host physiological state are not contradictory, but rather that there may be thresholds of cell stress and metabolic activity leading to one or the other response.

Design of the Submerged Floating Tunnel operating under various conditions

In Norway there has been identified several crossings with a variety of different conditions under which a Submerged Floating Tunnel, SFT or Archimedes Bridge, may be used. In the Høgsfjord project whose feasibility was well documented before the project was stopped for local political reasons the length was some 1400 m, the water depth about 150 m and the site was well protected from large sea waves. However, swell, vortex shedding and slowly varying internal waves due to layers of different salinity presented a hazard of significant dynamic oscillations. In the wake of the Høgsfjord project feasibility studies have been undertaken in Norway for sites at the very inlet of a fiord directly exposed to the big North Sea waves, in an inland lake with ice infested waters, in fiords threatened by large waves induced by huge, falling rock masses, and most recently the largest fiord in the country, the Sognefjorden which at the identified crossing site is 3700 m wide and 1250 m deep. In addition to the challenge of these various conditions some common accidental situations have to be solved for all applications including fire, sinking ships, falling anchors as well as sudden massive water ingress into the tube. The paper discusses the design challenges presented by the various conditions and pros and cons for alternative technical solutions for these various applications and summarizes some of the experiences learned by the Norwegian studies.

Yann Martel's Life of Pi and Poe's Pym (and “Berenice”)

T races of Poe’s Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym (1838) in other literary texts are not hard to discover. Jules Verne’s Le Sphinx des glaces (1897), Charles Romyn Dake’s A Strange Discovery (1899), and H. P. Lovecraft’s At the Mountains of Madness (1936) are all sequels to Pym. In Henry James’s Golden Bowl (1904), Prince Amerigo recalls the conclusion of Poe’s narrative. And while Melville does not so specifically acknowledge the influence of Pym on Moby-Dick (1851), most informed readers are now comfortable with that assumption. Following in latter-day succession, the Canadian author Yann Martel (born in Salamanca, Spain) has acknowledged, in a limited way, the influence of Pym on his successful 2001 novel Life of Pi, but the full extent of that influence has not been recognized. This essay aims at establishing the homage-style presence of Pym throughout Martel’s novel, which emerges as a kind of palimpsest text: Pym is recurrently visible beneath its surface. Martel’s novel is about a sixteen-year-old Indian boy named Pi who survives the sinking of a cargo ship (with zoo animals aboard) on a lifeboat— in the company, at first, of a spotted hyena, a zebra, an orang-utan, and a 450-pound Royal Bengal tiger named Richard Parker. But after the hyena has eaten the orang-utan and the zebra, and the tiger has eaten the hyena, Pi and Richard Parker are the sole occupants of the lifeboat, left to drift for over seven months in the Pacific. (Pi’s ex-zoo-owner father and his mother and brother went down with the cargo ship.) This narrative was the deserving winner of the prestigious Man Booker Prize in 2002, and the resultant publicity was swiftly accompanied by a plagiarism controversy. In the last paragraph of his “Author’s Note,” Martel affirms of his novel, “As for the spark of life, I owe it to Mr. Moacyr Scliar” [Life of Pi (Edinburgh: Canongate Books Ltd., 2003), xiv]. The Brazilian novelist’s Max e os Felinos (1981, published in English as Max and the Cats in 1990) is about a Jewish-German refugee who crosses the Atlantic in a boat shared with a jaguar. Martel claims not to have read Scliar’s novel before writing Life of Pi, but he had read at least one review of it. The most important source of Life of Pi—Poe’s Pym—is not mentioned in the “Author’s Note” or (in any direct way) in the novel of which the note is a part. My

Multi-instrumental analysis of asphalts of archaeological interest

Use was made of thermal and other techniques to characterise three native asphalt samples. The purpose was to support archaeological investigations reconstructing their thermal history and composition. The first sample (from a Roman quarry in central Italy) proved to have 37% impurities, no sign of oxidation or degradation and to have never been heated to above 100°C. The second sample (from a Roman ship sunk south of France) was pure, but partially oxidised, with a saturated fraction in its structure. Analyses of the latter sample, obtained from the eye of a Thracian bronze head, revealed that the asphalt had been heated to over 100°C and then mixed with natural wax.

Narratives of the Fall: Bubbles, Bailouts and the Social Construction of Economic Crisis

current so called is a social construct. are three dimensions to the problem. One is in fact economic, one is social and psychological, and one is political. collapse of the housing market and the chaos on Wall Street is quite real. But the bankruptcy of so many financial institutions is only a symptom of the bankruptcy of federal economic policy. These failed economic policies trace back to a set of classical economic assumptions. In the aftermath of chaos, the bailout policy of the federal government is part of the moment of and is no part of any cure. basis of this critique is historical analogy. In Lochner v. New York, the era of the last depression, the Supreme Court held that government, essentially, had no power to regulate in the socio-economic realm. Of course there was no objective basis for this sweeping prohibition. court mistook certain laissez-faire assumptions for facts. It was only the rejection of the Lochner era ideology which enabled the New Deal which followed. purpose of this article is say our problem is very similar. government in the current crisis has labored under a series of blinding assumptions. Each assumption represents a story, not gospel. I then expose how these stories, which are factually unanchored, are disempowering and create false horizons for action. We explore three basic fallacies. first fallacy is that the crisis is primarily economic in origin. In a story entitled There is No Bubble I chronicle the linkage between laissez -faire philosophy, failure to regulate and failed monetary policy. I chronicle how the federal government by Greensand and Bernakhe largely enabled the crisis through a combination of low interest rates, lapse regulation, and misleading rhetoric. In a story entitled The Minsky Moment I explore the second fallacy, that the market is rational. High interest rates, foreclosure and a devaluation mentality are not part of any logical scheme of profit maximization. This pattern is part of a vicious cycle of self-defeating behavior-a symptom of not rationality. actions of the federal government are equally symptomatic of the panic moment. I would characterize the bailout as giving more steam to the engine of a sinking ship. One must stop the flooding not stoke the boiler. flooding is the tidal wave of foreclosure. This brings me to the third fallacy , that we can stand by the side-lines while the massive wave of foreclosures slowly sinks the economy. In a story entitled, The New New Deal. I provide a both a theory and a mechanism as to how the government could more forcefully intervene. story seems to be that this is a private problem which should be handled through the courts. We seek to test this through a series of impact hearings. What is the macro-economic impact of foreclosure? My hypothesis is that massive foreclosures are more systemically damaging than the bank failures-this is unsustainable. second step is the fix: I argue for a comprehensive solution based on an historical analogy to action taken by Roosevelt in the 1930's. substantial intervention that I argue for will require a kind paradigm shift, perhaps as significant as took place between Lochner and West Coast Hotel. But this paradigm shift is less drastic than our current collision course with the 1930's.