ABSTRACTIn this paper, a new fault diagnosis (FD) and fault tolerant control (FTC) algorithm for a non-Gaussian nonlinear singular stochastic distribution control (SDC) system is studied. The rational square-root fuzzy logic model is used to approximate the output probability density function of non-Gaussian processes and a Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy model is employed to transform the non-Gaussian nonlinear SDC system into a fuzzy SDC system. An adaptive fuzzy fault diagnosis observer is constructed to achieve reconstruction of system state and fault. Based on the estimated fault information, the controller is reconfigured by minimising the performance index with regard to the rational entropy subjected to mean constraint. Minimum rational entropy fault tolerant control is introduced to make the output of the past-fault SDC system still have the minimum uncertainty. Simulation results are provided to demonstrate the validity of the FD and minimum rational entropy FTC algorithm.