Single Room Research Articles

A Room-Level Indoor Localization Using an Energy-Harvesting BLE Tag

Energy-efficient and cost-effective localization systems are attractive for large-scale tracking and localization of goods. In this paper, we propose a room-level localization system using energy-harvesting BLE tags to track the targets. We introduce the Dempster–Shafer (D–S) evidence theory combined with fingerprinting technology for location estimation. To reduce the estimation complexity, we divide the indoor environment into clear areas and fuzzy areas. The D–S algorithm is employed to locate the target in the clear areas when the targets are only detected by the anchor nodes within a single room. Conversely, fuzzy areas are characterized by RSSI signals detected by anchor nodes across multiple rooms. Then, the system integrates fingerprint matching to ensure superior positioning accuracy across the deployment. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed system maintains a room-level positioning accuracy above 99% under standard test conditions within an area of approximately 2000 m2 with lots of rooms.

Inter-Vendor differences in speckle tracking strain - A ten year follow-up on the Strain Standardization Task Force Inter-Vendor Comparison Study

Abstract Background Global longitudinal strain (GLS) derived from two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography is feasible and accurate. Nonetheless, in 2013, the Inter-Vendor Comparison Study showed significant differences of measurement results among vendors. In order to make tracking-based strain imaging a clinically accepted and useful parameter, it is of outmost importance to have interchangeable and accurate measurement results from all vendors. Purpose To investigate if the efforts of the EACVI/ASE/Industry Task Force to Standardize Deformation Imaging have led to a reduction of inter-vendor differences during the past ten years. Methods In an unique setting, in one single room, 372 echocardiographic examinations were performed in sixty-two subjects (50 male, age 56.1 ± 16.98) with a wide range of left ventricular (LV) function (ejection fraction from 30% to 64%) using ultrasound systems from six manufacturers. Each subject was scanned consecutively on all machines by the same assigned experienced sonographer. For each subject two image sets of LV apical views were acquired in order to assess reproducibility in a true test-retest setting. We assessed mean GLS (GLSAV) as average peak systolic global strain from the three apical views on five vendor-specific and five vendor-independent software solutions. We measured endocardial and mid-/full-wall GLS. Since there is no gold standard method to measure GLS, we compared GLSAV of each vendor to the average of the GLS values only from vendors that provide tracking software solutions (SWS) for clinical use. Results For both endocardial (Figure 1) and mid-/full-wall (Figure 2) GLS measurements from clinical SWS were comparable and within a very narrow range (mean GLS of vendors 17.25 ± 0.3% and 15.36 ± 0.3% respectively). The maximum absolute difference between all SWS was 4.1% and 4.9% strain units for endocardial and mid-/full-wall GLS respectively. GLSAV of each software versus the mean of clinical SWS showed significant correlation for most of the companies (r² >0.8, p<0.001). Test-retest variability of GLS measurements expressed as relative mean error was good and lower than for LV ejection fraction (6.3% on average for mean GLS and 7% for LV ejection fraction, p>0.05). Conclusions Our data show a substantial inter-vendor bias in GLS measurements. Nevertheless, in contrast to the situation ten years ago, companies that provide tracking software solutions for clinical use provide now very similar GLS values. In addition, most companies do now allow mid-/full-wall tracking. Our data indicate that the efforts of the strain standardization task force have been fruitful. A continuing effort is needed until all software providers adhere to the task force consensus recommendations.Figure 1Figure 2

MOF-Enhanced Phototherapeutic Wound Dressings Against Drug-Resistant Bacteria.

Phototherapy is a low-risk alternative to traditional antibiotics against drug-resistant bacterial infections. However, optimizing phototherapy agents, refining treatment conditions, and addressing misuse of agents, remain a formidable challenge. This study introduces a novel concept leveraging the unique customizability of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) to house size-matched dye molecules in "single rooms". The mesoporous iron(III) carboxylate nanoMOF, MIL-100(Fe), and the hydrophobic heptamethine cyanine photothermal dye (Cy7), IR775, are selected as model systems. Their combination is predicted to minimize dye-dye interactions, leading to exceptional photostability and efficient light-to-heat conversion. Furthermore, MIL-100(Fe) preserves the antimicrobial nature of hydrophobic IR775, enabling it to disrupt bacterial cell envelopes. Through electrospinning, MIL-100(Fe)@IR775 nanoparticles are shaped into a gelatin-based film dressing for the treatment of skin wounds infected by Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Activation of the dressing requires only a portable near-infrared light-emitting diode (NIR LED) and induces both low-dose photodynamic therapy (LPDT) and mild-temperature photothermal therapy (MPTT). Combined with the antimicrobial properties of IR775 and ferroptosis-like lipid peroxidation induced by MIL-100(Fe), the photoactive dressing eradicates MRSA and the healing is as quick as the uninfected wounds. This safe, cost-effective, and multifunctional therapeutic wound dressing offers a promising solution to overcome the current bottleneck in phototherapy.

An outbreak of double carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae, harbouring NDM-5 and OXA-48 genes, at a tertiary hospital in Canberra, Australia.

In July 2023, a carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (CPKP) with New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase (NDM-5) and oxacillinase (OXA-48) carbapenemase genes was detected in the urine sample of a patient. A similar CPKP organism had previously been isolated from a surveillance rectal swab of an admitted patient, prompting an outbreak investigation. A confirmed case was defined as any suspected case in which a species of Enterobacterales was isolated from a clinical or surveillance specimen (infection or colonisation) exhibiting an NDM-5 or OXA-48 CPE gene or both, irrespective of phenotypic susceptibility. A descriptive epidemiological investigation was conducted to describe the investigation, infection prevention and control responses, and public health intervention carried out. Three confirmed cases of CPKP were identified, including the index case; 62 contacts were identified, of which 13 contacts were screened. CPKP transmission occurred between two patients on contact transmission-based precautions in separate single ensuite rooms. Despite being in the same ward, the patients did not share medical teams but shared nursing teams and ancillary staff. This study emphasises the importance of strict adherence to infection prevention and control practices and contact transmission-based precautions for patients admitted with carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales.

Evaluation of a Kirigami-inspired double-skin adaptive façade for natural ventilation and solar harvesting to enhance indoor environment and energy performance

A novel kirigami-inspired design concept for an environmentally responsive adaptive façade is presented and evaluated for the objectives of solar energy harvesting and adaptive ventilation through controllable surface orientation and opening. The concept is a double-skin façade where the outer skin includes a straight cut kirigami-inspired adaptive component. Controllable actuation of the kirigami-inspired section opens the outer skin for ventilation while also changing the orientation of the outer surface for solar tracking. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the potential benefits for this concept integrated within a building façade for solar energy harvesting, air changes, and indoor temperature control. As such, a computational study is used to estimate the proposed facade concept's performance within various generalized building-environment scenarios. The methodology is detailed to computationally estimate the potential environmental performance of this concept with respect to solar harvesting with adhered solar panels, as well as air changes and HVAC cost for associated interior spaces. The example scenarios include various building components, from a single room to multiple building stories, and two geographic locations with significantly different environmental conditions, and both daily and yearly performance estimates are shown. The component is most effective when the outdoor temperature is near to the desired indoor temperature and wind speeds are mild, but can still reduce HVAC usage for more disparate temperatures. For example, in the scenarios shown the component can eliminate HVAC use for a 5°C difference between outdoor and indoor temperature and reduces HVAC usage for temperature differences up to 15°C. Moreover, the component has the potential to significantly increase net energy generation, with yearly performance estimated for the scenarios to be as much as 25% greater than that of a flat closed façade. However, the component cut parameters can have a significant impact on environmental performance, and thus require careful design consideration.

Physical space of thirty pediatric intensive care units in the United States of America: a national survey.

The design of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) rooms significantly impacts patient care and satisfaction. The aims were first, to describe the current physical space across PICUs in the USA, and second, to identify what proportion of PICUs are compliant with current guidelines. A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted, targeting division chiefs and medical directors of PICUs nationwide. The survey collected data on unit type, construction and renovation dates, room sizes, and available amenities. According to the Guidelines for Design and Construction of Hospitals, PICU rooms are recommended to be single rooms, at least 200 sq ft, have a window and a private bathroom. Data were anonymized and reported as median and interquartile ranges or frequencies and percentages. Thirty units responded. Among the respondents, 26 had general PICUs, 9 had cardiac ICUs, and 3 had intermediate care units, with some units containing multiple types of ICUs. The median annual admissions were 1,125, with a median occupancy rate of 78%. Twenty-three percent of units had at least one double room, and 3% had triple or quadruple rooms. The median room size was 265 sq ft (IQR 230; 304), the smallest room size was 220 sq ft (IQR 179; 275), and the largest single room size was 312 sq ft (IQR 273; 330). Thirty-seven percent of units had bathrooms in every room, while 80% had windows in every room. Additionally, 46% of units had dialysis capabilities in every room, and 7% had negative pressure capabilities in every room. The median building year was 2008 (IQR 2001;2014), with 36% of units having undergone at least one renovation. Larger rooms were associated with more recent build dates (p = 0.01). Only 30% of the PICUs met the guidelines for physical space. These compliant units were built at a median of 4 years ago (IQR 1; 8). This study highlights the variability in PICU room design and amenities across healthcare facilities. Many units still fall short of meeting the guidelines for room size, windows, and private bathrooms. Future research should investigate the relationship between room characteristics and patient outcomes to inform better design practices, with a goal of improving patient experiences and clinical outcomes.

The impact of psychiatric facility design on reducing aggressive behaviours in an adult population: a narrative literature review.

This review examines the literature to determine whether physical design features of psychiatric facilities can help reduce aggressive behaviours in an adult patient population. Using PRISMA's methodology, we conducted a narrative review of peer-reviewed primary studies on the physical design features and aggressive behaviours in psychiatric facilities. The Joanna Briggs Institute's (JBI) critical appraisal tool was used to assess the quality of included studies. A total of eight studies were identified. The findings revealed underlying themes in physical design efforts to reduce the incidences of aggressive behaviours, which included changes in structural design (e.g. single rooms; visiting/living/recreational areas; views of outdoors/nature; and uncrowded spaces) and changes in interior design (e.g. art and home-like/comforting environment). There were varying measures of patient aggression. There was mixed evidence that superficial or structural design changes to psychiatric wards reduced patient aggression. Some studies found reduced aggression; others found no changes, while one study found increased aggression following the implementation of physical design changes. The methodological limitations of the available studies made it difficult to draw causative links and further research on the topic is needed.

Design of hospitals for the post-pandemic era: an international survey of design professionals on infection control design strategies

ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic placed unpreceded stress on healthcare systems, highlighting their deficiencies and vulnerabilities. The risk of cross-infection among patients and healthcare workers increased significantly, hindering the overall healthcare process. Hospital design should meet the challenges that will be posed by future pandemics, especially infection control. This paper reports on the results of an online survey for healthcare design professionals and academics from across the globe. The questionnaire addressed how hospital design can contribute to the infection control during future pandemic situations. Respondents agreed that the benefits of designing hospitals to meet the needs of pandemic/emergency situations outweigh the additional cost, and that infection control should play a more pronounced role when designing hospitals for the coming era. Results indicate that the overall organization of hospitals should allow for the compartmentation of critical/isolation departments/units and the creation of separate circulation routes to suit this compartmentation during pandemic times. The circulation system of the emergency departments and Intensive Care Units (ICU) should allow for the separation of infectious patients from others during pandemic times. 20–30% of the ICU beds of tertiary level care hospitals should be designed as single patient rooms. 53% of these rooms should be easily convertible to Air-Borne-Infection Isolation (AII) rooms, 44% should have an additional space for adding anterooms during pandemics, and 55% of these rooms should have permanent storage spaces for Personal Protective Equipment. The inpatient units should also be designed to support infection control. AII rooms should be grouped in designated inpatient units.

Evaluating the impact of a ward environment with 20 single occupancy rooms and two four-bedded bays on patient and staff experiences and outcomes in an acute NHS Trust: a mixed-methods study protocol

IntroductionTraditionally, wards in acute care hospitals consist predominately of multioccupancy bays with some single rooms. There is an increasing global trend towards a higher proportion of single rooms in hospitals,...

Examining Dwelling Interior Conditions for Informal Settlement Upgrading Along the Mae Kha Canal, Chiang Mai

This article delves into the internal features of habitat in slum-like informal settlements, focusing on the challenges faced by the locale in the Mae Kha Canal informal settlements in Chiang Mai, Thailand. The study aims to clarify the dwelling characteristics as well as understand the interplay between housing and the living circumstances of the occupants. A mixed-methods approach was utilised, primarily employing field surveys, house investigation including arrangement and utilisation of space, and in-depth interviews with residents. A total of 80 households were sampled and analysed. The findings reveal that the previous relocation plans made by local authorities, which offered only a single room per family as a one-size-fits-all strategy, are not suitable for the current inhabitants' living conditions. Consequently, this article concludes with alternate suggestions for the forthcoming practical Mae Kha Canal Housing Upgrade project. It emphasises the potential of applying the idea of interiority to examine the distinctive interior conditions, thereby contributing to better dwelling design for the locals.

Hospital-acquired respiratory viral infections while applying droplet precautions on-site (DroPS) - prospective observation during the 2019/20 influenza season, Bern, Switzerland

Single room isolation for respiratory viral infections (RVI), like influenza, puts hospitals under pressure. During the influenza season 2019/20, we implemented Droplet precautions on-site (DroPS) for RVI in two acute care hospitals and prospectively assessed the rate of hospital-acquired RVI (HARVI). 318 patients were admitted with RVI, 85 had Influenza or RSV, 75 stayed in multi-bed rooms with DroPS. From 764 patients at risk, hospitalised ≥ three days in a multi-bed room, 11 (1.4%) developed a clinical HARVI, and three tested positive (3/764, 0.4%; 2x RSV, 1x influenza). DroPS may represent an alternative strategy to deal with respiratory viral infections.

Patient Flow Analysis with a Custom Simulation Engine

Patient flow simulation and analysis is one of the oldest IT -based methods used to optimize patient care processes and hospital management. During the pandemic, interest in this domain suddenly increased due to the various constraints and recommendations to reduce the likelihood of further infections in the hospital. Suddenly, metrics such as the number of patients waiting in the same area, the maximum time a patient could stay in a single room, and the minimum distance between patients became important issues to monitor and optimize. Using data and modelling concepts from various hospitals, our team developed a simulation tool that used bpmn models to define an emergency department. We then modified a single day's usual patient flow with various real-world inspired edge cases to evaluate how the simulated flow would change and which stations would become bottlenecks, where the quality of patient care would deteriorate and rooms would become overcrowded. To execute the models, we developed our own tool based on the open-source Camunda modeling tool and the Business Process Model Notation (BPMN) file format. To execute the generated models, we use our own Python-based execution environment based on the SpiffWorkflow library, which permits extensive logging and extensive customization of the attributes analysed. In addition, the modelling toolkit of Camunda was narrowed down and compiled so that it could be easily used by researchers who are not programmers. In the paper, we present both the modeling process and the scenario design process, as well as the results obtained through the runs, including the maximum waiting times during the model runs and the maximum number of patients waiting at once, which allowed us to validate the effectiveness of the framework.

The Experiences of Hospital Admission in a Single Room for Older Persons With Dementia and Their Families: A Scoping Review.

When older persons with dementia are admitted to hospital, they often feel disoriented and confused and their cognitive impairment may worsen, purely due to the sudden change in their environment. As such hospital design is recognised as an important aspect in the care and well-being of older persons with dementia. As the number of persons with dementia is increasing, the experience of admission to a hospital with, for example, single rooms is more relevant than ever. This scoping review aimed to identify, explore and conceptually map the literature reporting on what older people with dementia and their families experienced during admission to a hospital with single room accommodation. We followed the Joanna Briggs Institute recommendations for undertaking a scoping review. In addition, we used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews (PRISMA-ScR) Checklist, which assisted the development and reporting of this scoping review. We included 10 sources within a time frame of 23 years (1998-2021). The sources originate from Europe, Australia and Canada. We identified three conceptual maps: Safety and security, Privacy and dignity and Sensorial stimulation. Our review demonstrates that the themes of the three conceptual maps are experienced as mutually interdependent for the older persons with dementia and their families. We conclude that it is not merely the single room design that determines what the older persons with dementia and their families experience as important; the exposure to sensorial stimulation and the presence of well-trained staff taking a dignified patient-centred approach are also crucial for their experience of high-quality nursing care.

Impact of Transitioning to Single-Patient Rooms on Prevention of Multidrug-Resistant Organisms in a Resource-Limited Facility

Background: Healthcare-associated infections (HAI) substantially increase hospital costs and lead to poor patient outcomes, particularly when caused by multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO). To decrease MDRO transmission, isolation of colonized or infected patients in single rooms is recommended. However, single-patient isolation rooms are expensive to build and often unavailable in resource-limited hospitals. In 2023, an intensive care unit (ICU) at a large Brazilian tertiary hospital relocated from a space with an open floor plan to a newly built location with single-patient rooms. We evaluated the impact of this transition on acquisition of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) colonization, HAI, and compliance with Hand Hygiene (HH) and Contact Precaution (CP) activities. Methods: We compared rates of CRE colonization acquisition, CRE colonization pressure, HAI, and compliance with HH and CP between pre- (March 1, 2022 – Feb 28, 2023) and post-implementation of single-rooms (March 1, 2023 - October 31, 2023) in a 12-bed surgical ICU. All patients were screened for CRE colonization on admission to the unit and weekly until discharge using rectal swab cultures. Colonization pressure was defined as the ratio of CRE-positive patient-days (PDs) to the total number of PDs. Rates of central-line associated blood-stream infections, ventilator-associated pneumonia, and catheter-associated urinary tract infections were monitored. HH and CP compliance were monitored weekly by infection prevention staff outside of the unit. Poisson regression and multiple linear regression were used to compare rates between pre- and post-implementation periods. Results: Healthcare acquisition of CRE colonization remainedstable between pre- and post-implementation (incidence rate ratio: 0.88 (95%CI, 0.73-1.05; P=0.16) despite an increase in CRE colonization pressure of 8.6% over baseline (from 7.84% pre- to 16.39% post-implementation (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.13-12.96%; P=.001)). The latter was driven by reduced turnover of CRE-colonized patients in the post-implementation period (mean patient-day reduced by 10.33; 95%CI, 3.06-17.61; P=0.006). Incidence of HAIs also remained stable (global incidence 3.12 vs 3.30, pre- and post-intervention, respectively; P=0.2). HH compliance was high prior to the transition (95.7%) and increased slightly but not significantly post-intervention (97.5%; P=0.3). CP compliance improved by 9.83%, especially in gown and glove changes after each patient interaction, from 90.62% pre- to 100% post-implementation (95%CI, 1.52-17.22; P=.02). Conclusion The move to an ICU with exclusively single-patient rooms was associated with increase in CP compliance. This could help explain why HAI incidence and healthcare acquisition of CRE colonization remained stable despite a significant increase in CRE colonization pressure.Disclosure: Matias Salomao: Speaker - Cepheid

Too much ado about data: continuous remote monitoring of water temperatures, circulation and throughput can assist in the reduction of hospital-associated waterborne infections

National and international guidance provides advice on maintenance and management of water systems in healthcare buildings; however, healthcare-associated waterborne infections (HAWIs) are increasing. To identify parameters critical to water quality in healthcare buildings and to assess whether remote sensor monitoring can deliver safe water systems, thus reducing HAWIs. A narrative review was performed using the following search terms: (1) consistent water temperature AND waterborne pathogen control OR nosocomial infection; (2) water throughput AND waterborne pathogen control OR nosocomial infection; (3) remote monitoring of in-premises water systems AND continuous surveillance for temperature OR throughput OR flow OR use. Databases employed were PubMed, CDSR (Clinical Study Data Request) and DARE (Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects) from January 2013 to March 2024. Single ensuite-patient rooms, expansion of handwash basins, widespread glove use, alcohol gel and wipes have increased water system stagnancy resulting in amplification of waterborne pathogens and transmission risk of legionella, pseudomonas, and non-tuberculous mycobacteria. Manual monitoring does not represent temperatures across large complex water systems. This review deems that multiple-point continuous remote sensor monitoring is effective at identifying redundant and low use outlets, hydraulic imbalance and inconsistent temperature delivery across in-premises water systems. As remote monitoring becomes more common there will be greater recognition of failures in temperature control, hydraulics, and balancing in water systems, and there remains much to learn as we adopt this developing technology within our hospitals.

The effect of different fresh feeds on the growth and molting period of mud crab (Scylla serrata) cultivated in a single room system

The effect of different fresh feeds on the growth and molting period of mud crab (Scylla serrata) cultivated in a single room system

A Shelter by Any Other Name? Delivering Homeless Crisis Accommodation Services in a Hotel

How to shelter people who are experiencing homelessness is a pressing social problem. A substantive literature critiques the congregate shelter model that is often coupled with paternalistic service delivery, bringing the relationship of service delivery and the built environment into focus. The COVID-19 pandemic forced a fast overhaul of the delivery of crisis accommodation, and saw homeless shelters replaced with commercial hotels. We conducted a 12-month ethnography in a hotel for people experiencing homelessness located in South-East Queensland, Australia. We critically analyze the implications of operating a homelessness shelter in a hotel for service delivery and residents’ experiences of living in this repurposed built environment. Our findings highlight how homeless support practices were both enabled and constrained by the built environment. We identify a tension between residents’ appreciation of single occupancy rooms as fostering dignity and privacy, and their continued experience of hotel accommodation as (yet) another shelter. We discuss policy implications of using hotels as crisis accommodation within the context of a housing crisis.

Characterising individuals with a substance use disorder accessing hospital-based addiction care: Preliminary description of the outcomes for patients accessing addiction care prospective cohort study.

Individuals with a substance use disorder (SUD) often face barriers to accessing health care, resulting in unmet needs and delayed care. Hospital-based services have the potential to engage individuals with a SUD in ongoing treatment, but there is limited literature characterising this population. The Outcomes for Patients Accessing Addiction Care study was a prospective hospital-based cohort study conducted at St. Paul's Hospital in Vancouver, Canada. Participants were recruited from January 2018 to March 2020. Data were collected through an interviewer-administered questionnaire, including socio-demographic information, substance use history and mental health screening. The cohort included 536 participants, with 31% aged 30-39 years, 63% identifying as White and 74% reporting male sex at birth. Nearly half of the participants were either homeless or living in single room occupancy. Use of substances more than once per week was reported for tobacco/nicotine (86%), marijuana (43%), non-medical use of prescription drugs (29%), illicit stimulants (52%) and illicit opioids (61%). This preliminary report provides a description of a hospital-based cohort of individuals with a SUD accessing addiction care. The findings highlight demographic characteristics, mental health issues, substance use patterns and barriers to accessing services. Understanding these factors can inform the development of patient-centred interventions and improve engagement and retention in addiction care. Further research is needed to explore interventions and program effectiveness in this population.

Accessing color-tunable afterglows from single conventional chromophore-based polysaccharide films through palette strategy

Achieving multicolor afterglow modulation from single conventional chromophore-based room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials is attractive but challenging. Herein, a facile palette strategy based on physical doping of red afterglow-emitted chromophore (N8) into sodium alginate (SA) is proposed to achieve large range of multicolor afterglow modulation for single conventional chromophore-based RTP materials. As well as being a key luminous component in the color palette, SA with cyan afterglow (upon 254 nm UV irradiation) can also activate the red afterglow of N8 via strong hydrogen bond interactions. Through regulating the doping ratios of N8 to SA, cyan to red afterglows have been achieved in the formed amorphous N8/SA films. Significantly, the afterglow of N8/SA also exhibits excitation wavelength- and time-dependent characteristics, which further extend the range and tunability of afterglow color. Besides, the phosphorescence lifetime of N8-based SA films could be further improved by chemically grafting N8 to SA, with a lifetime of 464.9 ms. Considering the excellent multicolor afterglow tunability and hygrothermal responsiveness, these smart SA-based materials demonstrate great application prospects in information encryption, anti-counterfeit ink painting, and 3D afterglow aerogel.

SLAM for Indoor Mapping of Wide Area Construction Environments

Abstract. Simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM), i.e., the reconstruction of the environment represented by a (3D) map and the concurrent pose estimation, has made astonishing progress. Meanwhile, large scale applications aiming at the data collection in complex environments like factory halls or construction sites are becoming feasible. However, in contrast to small scale scenarios with building interiors separated to single rooms, shop floors or construction areas require measures at larger distances in potentially texture less areas under difficult illumination. Pose estimation is further aggravated since no GNSS measures are available as it is usual for such indoor applications. In our work, we realize data collection in a large factory hall by a robot system equipped with four stereo cameras as well as a 3D laser scanner. We apply our state-of-the-art LiDAR and visual SLAM approaches and discuss the respective pros and cons of the different sensor types for trajectory estimation and dense map generation in such an environment. Additionally, dense and accurate depth maps are generated by 3D Gaussian splatting, which we plan to use in the context of our project aiming on the automatic construction and site monitoring.