Single Radio Frequency Research Articles

A Reverse Shock in GRB 181201A

Abstract We present comprehensive multiwavelength radio to X-ray observations of GRB 181201A spanning from ≈150 s to ≈163 days after the burst, comprising the first joint ALMA–VLA–GMRT observations of a gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglow. The radio and millimeter-band data reveal a distinct signature at ≈3.9 days, which we interpret as reverse-shock (RS) emission. Our observations present the first time that a single radio-frequency spectral energy distribution can be decomposed directly into RS and forward shock (FS) components. We perform detailed modeling of the full multiwavelength data set, using Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling to construct the joint posterior density function of the underlying physical parameters describing the RS and FS synchrotron emission. We uncover and account for all discovered degeneracies in the model parameters. The joint RS–FS modeling reveals a weakly magnetized (σ ≈ 3 × 10−3), mildly relativistic RS, from which we derive an initial bulk Lorentz factor of Γ0 ≈ 103 for the GRB jet. Our results support the hypothesis that low-density environments are conducive to the observability of RS emission. We compare our observations to other events with strong RS detections and find a likely observational bias selecting for longer lasting, nonrelativistic RSs. We present and begin to address new challenges in modeling posed by the present generation of comprehensive, multifrequency data sets.

Ultrastrong-coupling circuit QED in the radio-frequency regime

We study a circuit QED setup where multiple superconducting qubits are ultrastrongly coupled to a single radio-frequency resonator. In this extreme parameter regime of cavity QED the dynamics of the electromagnetic mode is very slow compared to all other relevant timescales and can be described as an effective particle moving in an adiabatic energy landscape defined by the qubits. The focus of this work is placed on settings with two or multiple qubits, where different types of symmetry-breaking transitions in the ground- and excited-state potentials can occur. Specifically, we show how the change in the level structure and the wave packet dynamics associated with these transition points can be probed via conventional excitation spectra and Ramsey measurements performed at GHz frequencies. More generally, this analysis demonstrates that state-of-the-art circuit QED systems can be used to access a whole range of particle-like quantum mechanical phenomena beyond the usual paradigm of coupled qubits and oscillators.

Echocardiographic and Biochemical Factors Predicting Arrhythmia Recurrence After Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation-An Observational Study.

Background: RFA is a well-established treatment for symptomatic patients with AF. However, the success rate of a single procedure is low. We aimed to investigate the association between the risk of recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) after a single radiofrequency ablation (RFA) procedure and cardiac neurohormonal function, left atrial (LA) mechanical function as well as proteins related to inflammation, fibrosis, and apoptosis.Methods and Results: We studied 189 patients undergoing RFA between January 2012 and April 2014, with a follow-up period of 12 months. A logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the association between pre-ablation LA emptying fraction (LAEF), MR-proANP, Caspase-8 (CASP8), Neurotrophin-3 (NT3), and the risk for recurrence of AF after a single RFA procedure. 119 (63.0%) patients had a recurrence during a mean follow-up of 402 ± 73 days. An increased risk of recurrence was associated with: Elevated MR-proANP (fourth quartile vs. first quartile: HR, 2.80 (95% CI, 1.14–6.90]; P = 0.025); Low LAEF (fourth quartile vs. first quartile: hazard ratio [HR], 2.41 [95% CI, 1.01–5.79]; P = 0.045); Elevated CASP8 (fourth quartile vs. first quartile: HR 12.198 95% CI 2.216–67.129; P = 0.004); Elevated NT-3 (fourth quartile vs. first quartile: HR 7.485 95% CI 1.353–41.402; P = 0.021). In a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the combination of MR-proANP, CASP8, and NT3 produced an area under the curve of 0.819; CI 95% (0.710–0.928).Conclusions: Patients with better LA mechanical function and lower levels of atrial neurohormones as well as of proteins related to fibrosis and apoptosis, have a better outcome after an RFA procedure.Unique identifier: No. NCT01553045 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01553045?term=NCT01553045&rank=1).

Three-dimensional measurements of plasma parameters in an inductively coupled plasma processing chamber

Inductively coupled plasmas (ICPs) are extensively used for materials processing and microelectronics fabrication. However, their electromagnetic properties have not been fully characterized. In this regard, we have performed fully three dimensional (3D), time dependent measurements of the magnetic field, electron density, and electron temperature for an ICP sustained in argon in an industrial reactor designed for plasma etching in microelectronics fabrication. These measurements were compared to modeling results. The plasma was generated using pulsed power delivered at 2 MHz by a planar coil. The magnetic field was measured using a three axis magnetic probe at 15 366 locations throughout the plasma volume during the H-mode portion of the pulse at temporal intervals of 2 ns. A swept Langmuir probe was used to measure plasma parameters at the same locations. The plasma density measurement was calibrated with line-integrated densities obtained using a 96 GHz interferometer. During a single radio frequency (RF) cycle, the 3D current density [derived from B(r→,t)]is initially maximum just below the coil and moves downward toward the center of the chamber. Isosurfaces of current are nearly symmetric toroids. The total electric field, space charge field, and inductive electric field were derived and used to calculate the dissipated power, plasma current, and Poynting flux. Computer modeling of the experiment reproduces the phase dependent behavior. Animations showing the time dependent 3D measurements are presented in the supplementary material.

A New Scheme to Generate Multi-Frequency Mm-Wave Signals Based on Cascaded Phase Modulator and I/Q Modulator

We propose a new scheme to generate multi-frequency vector mm-wave signals based on cascaded phase modulator and I/Q modulator by adopting independent-sideband (ISB) modulation scheme. Driven by a single frequency RF (Radio frequency) source, the phase modulator (PM) generates multi-frequency optical carriers with a constant frequency interval, which is used as the optical input of the I/Q modulator. The electrical signal driving the I/Q modulator is composed of two parts, one vector-modulated single side-band (SSB) QAM signal and one unmodulated SSB RF signal, and the two signals locate at different sides of zero frequency. The output of I/Q modulator contains of several multi-frequency optical side-bands and suppressed optical carriers. The optical carriers are effectively suppressed by using the ISB modulation scheme. Two optical sidebands at different frequencies are selected by a wavelength select switch (WSS) and beaten in the photodetector (PD), then multi-frequency vector mm-wave signals are generated with high flexibility, and the frequency can be up to 400GHz. We experimentally demonstrate 133GHz D-band multi-frequency vector mm-wave signal over 80-km SMF-28 wireline transmission and 10-m wireless delivery with bit rate up 18.4x2=36.8Gb/s.

P4763High power radiofrequency ablation with fixed short duration is rapid, efficient and safe for circumferential pulmonary vein isolation

Abstract Background Short duration 50 Watt radiofrequency (RF) ablation has been shown to be feasible for atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation with short procedure times. Purpose We evaluated 50 Watt RF power with a different fixed short application duration at the anterior and posterior left atrial wall using contact force (CF) sensing catheters for circumferential pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). Methods Consecutive patients (pts) with indication for de novo AF ablation (n=40, age 64±12 years) with paroxysmal (n=23) or persistent (n=17) AF underwent high density 3D mapping of the left atrium. Low voltage areas of more than 5% of the left atrium were only found in 20% of pts. Thereafter, circumferential PVI using CF sensing catheters was performed. For each RF application (50 Watt, RF duration 11–13s at the anterior wall, 9–11s at the posterior wall) a stable catheter tip position with minimal mean CF of 3g was required and application was stopped in case of CF more than 30g. Esophageal temperature measurement was performed with temperature cut off 39.0°C. In case of temperature rise, ablation protocol was switched to conventional 20 Watt RF applications for ablation adjacent to the esophagus. Results Complete PVI was achieved in all pts with 81±29 short RF applications resulting in cumulative RF applications duration of 13.1±4.2min and an ablation duration of 59±17min for complete PVI. Even RF application with low CF (3–5g) were effective. Due to esophageal temperature rise, switch to conventional RF application with 20 Watt was performed in 43% of pts at least at one posterior PV entrance. After a waiting period of 20 min only in 33% of pts any PV conduction recurs, in 28% of pts only at a single spot and reconnected fibers were not associated with low CF application at that spot, but clearly associated with low energy application at the posterior wall. All PV were successfully re-isolated in most of pts with a single spot high energy RF application. No serious complications occurred in association with PVI. Follow up will be available at presentation time. Conclusion RF ablation with 50 Watt fixed short duration is efficient and safe for circumferential PVI. Ablation procedure durations are shorter and early recurrence rates are lower compared to reported conventional ablation procedures. The importance of CF titration seems to be diminished by 50 Watt RF applications in the left atrium. Further follow up have to be waited.

P346More procedural complications in female patients undergoing pulmonary vein ablation in atrium fibrillation: results from 12,430 patients in the Netherlands Heart Registry

Abstract Introduction Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) has become a cornerstone of the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF). Several technologies have been developed to improve procedural and long-term outcomes. Depending on type of AF and rhythm recording used, 1-year freedom of AF varies between 55–82%. However, severe complications are reported in 1–3%. Purpose To describe procedural complications of PVI with either single tip radiofrequency ablation (STRF), multi electrode phased RF ablation (PVAC) or cryoballoon (CB). Methods Data was extracted from the Netherlands Heart Registry in which 14 Dutch heart centres participate. Procedural complications in patients treated with the 3 different ablation modalities (STRF, PVAC and CB ablation) were compared. Complications included: pericardial tamponade, persistent phrenic nerve palsy (PNP) beyond 24hrs, thromboembolic events, vascular- and bleeding complications. Patient characteristics: gender, age, BMI, CHA2DS2 -VASc, type of AF and previous left atrium ablation were assessed in a univariate and multivariate regression model. Results In total, 12,430 patients were included (STRF n=5,106, PVAC n=2,341, CB n=4,983) between January 2013 and December 2017, of whom, 69% were male, 74% had a history of paroxysmal AF, 24% persistent AF and 2% longstanding persistent AF. The incidence of complications within 30 days was 3.6%. Pericardial tamponade requiring intervention, occurred more frequently in the STRF group (STRF: 0.8% vs PVAC 0.3% vs CB 0.3% p= <0.01). PNP was present in 0.1% of patients after STRF ablation, in 0.2% of patients after PVAC ablation and in 1.5% of patients treated with CB ablation (p= <0.001). Thromboembolic events were observed in 0.4% with no statistical difference between the 3 modalities. Patients treated with STRF had more vascular complications (STRF 1.7% vs PVAC 1.2% vs CB 1.3% p= <0.001). In the PVAC and CB group there were significant less bleeding complications (STRF: 1.1% vs PVAC: 0.5% vs CB: 0.7% p=0.01). Female patients and patients with a higher CHA2DS2-VASc had an increased risk for pericardial tamponade, vascular- and bleeding complications (figure) with adjusted odds ratios for female patients of 2.97 (95% CI 1.77–5.00), 2.24 (95% CI 1.41–3.56) and 2.84 (95% CI 1.88–4.28) respectively. Univariate analysis Conclusion PVI was associated with a complication rate of 3.6%. Compared to PVAC and CB ablation, patients treated with STRF ablation more often developed a pericardial tamponade and vascular- and bleeding complications. PNP occurred most frequent in patients undergoing CB ablation. Female gender and CHA2DS2-VASc were independent predictors for pericardial tamponade, vascular- and bleeding complications.

Secure Quadrature Channel Modulation

In this paper, a physical layer security (PLS) scheme based on quadrature channel modulation (QCM) called secure QCM (SQCM) is proposed for time division duplex (TDD) multi-input multi-output (MIMO) media based modulation (MBM) systems to resist eavesdropping. By exploiting the abundant legitimate channel realizations generated by the radio frequency (RF) mirrors, secure mappings between the original information bits and the transmit patterns are designed, where the transmit patterns include the transmit antenna activation pattern (AAP), mirror activation pattern (MAP) and symbol modulation pattern. The secure mappings used by the transmitter change for each transmission and are unavailable at the eavesdropper due to the independent fading of the legitimate link and the eavesdropping link. Based on the secure mappings, the proposed SQCM conveys the source information bits securely through the complex modulation symbol and instantaneous channel realizations by using a single RF chain. The ergodic secrecy rate is analyzed and a closed-form approximation is derived. Simulation results show that the closed-form approximation coincides with the experimental ergodic secrecy rate, and the achievable ergodic secrecy rate is not influenced by the number of eavesdropping antennas or the channel advantage of the eavesdropping link. Compared to the secure MBM scheme using the traditional artificial noise (AN) technique, the proposed SQCM scheme shows significant performance gain without consuming jamming power when the eavesdropper has more antennas than the legitimate receiver. Compared to the precoded MBM and probabilistic optimized MBM schemes exploiting the eavesdropper's CSI, the proposed SQCM scheme has better secrecy performance in all SNR region and medium-to-high SNR regions respectively without requiring the eavesdropper's CSI.

Dual-Tuned Monopole/Loop Coil Array for Concurrent RF Excitation and Reception Capability for MRI

Radiofrequency (RF) coils based on two operating frequencies, or dual-tuned (DT) coils, for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in parallel with MR spectroscopy (MRS) and MR spectroscopy imaging (MRSI) are used to obtain morphological and metabolic information for early diagnosis of diseases. However, this method suffers from serious problems such as the extremely low signal sensitivity of X-nuclei and the long image acquisition time required for the two measurements. In this study, a single-channel DT coil was proposed for RF excitation/reception (Tx/Rx) of hydrogen (1H) and phosphorous (31P) by using a monopole antenna and a loop coil, and it was extended to an eight-channel volume coil at 7 T. To verify the DT coil performance, we compared the single RF port of the DT coil with monopole/loop geometry to the individual coil of the 1H monopole antenna and the 31P loop coil with a cylindrical phantom. The monopole/loop coil shows no magnetic flux interaction between individual coils despite the superimposed positions owing to the single RF port. The study results demonstrated that the proposed DT monopole/loop (DTML) coil can be extended to multiple RF Tx/Rx systems and can reduce the acquisition time with a single measurement.

Miniature Switchable Millimeter-Wave BiCMOS Low-Noise Amplifier at 120/140 GHz Using an HBT Switch

A 120–140 GHz frequency-switchable, very compact low-noise amplifier (LNA) fabricated in a 0.13 µm SiGe:C BiCMOS technology is proposed. A single radio-frequency (RF) switch composed of three parallel hetero junction bipolar transistors (HBTs) in a common-collector configuration and a multimodal three-line microstrip structure in the input matching network are used to obtain a LNA chip of miniaturized size. A systematic design procedure is applied to obtain a perfectly balanced gain and noise figure in both frequency states (120 GHz and 140 GHz). The measured gain and noise figure are 14.2/14.2 dB and 8.2/8.2 dB at 120/140 GHz respectively, in very good agreement with circuit/electromagnetic co-simulations. The LNA chip and core areas are 0.197 mm2 and 0.091 mm2, respectively, which supposes an area reduction of 23.4% and 15.2% compared to other LNAs reported in this frequency band. The experimental results validate the design procedure and its analysis.

Self-Interference Cancellation for Full-Duplex Massive MIMO OFDM With Single RF Chain

In this letter, the digital self-intereference (SI) canellation in a single radio frequency (RF) chain massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) full-duplex (FD) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system with phase noise is studied. To compsenate the phase noise, which introduces SI channel estimation error and thus degrades the SI cancellation performance, a weighted linear SI channel estimator is derived to minimize the residual SI power in each OFDM symbol. The digital SI cancellation ability of the proposed method, which is defined as the ratio of the SI power before and after the SI cancellation, is anlyzed. Simulation results show that the proposed optimal linear SI channel estimator significantly outperforms the conventional least square (LS) etimator in terms of the SI cancellation ability for the cases with strong SI and low oscillator quality.

Selective Sebaceous Gland Electrothermolysis Using a Single Microneedle Radiofrequency Device for Acne Patients: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Study.

The selective electrothermolysis of the sebaceous glands was suggested as a novel therapeutic option for facial acne. However, there has been no randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the monopolar radiofrequency (RF) device using single microneedle with proximal insulation. The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of intralesional electrothermolysis using monopolar RF device and proximally-insulated single microneedle in acne patients. The prospective randomized controlled clinical trial was performed to treat moderate-to-severe facial acne. Subjects randomized to the treatment group received three treatments at 4-week intervals with an RF device, whereas the control group received micro-needling and extraction. For efficacy evaluation, reduction rate of acne lesions were evaluated by two independent physicians. Sixty-three patients completed the study and the results showed statistically significant improvement of inflammatory acne at 12 weeks. The number of inflammatory lesions was significantly reduced at 12 weeks (20.86 vs. -5.13; P = 0.03) compared with controls. Selective sebaceous gland electrothermolysis can be a safe and effective method of achieving consistent improvement in acne. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Renal Sympathetic Denervation: Does Reduction of Left Ventricular Mass Improve Functional Myocardial Parameters? A Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging Pilot Study.

Left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy in resistant hypertensive patients is associated with a reduced intramyocardial perfusion. Renal sympathetic denervation (RDN) has been shown to reduce blood pressure (BP) and sympathetic tone. We aimed to prospectively investigate the effect of RDN on functional myocardial parameters and myocardial perfusion reserve (MPR) using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) in patients with resistant hypertension. A total of 15 resistant hypertensive patients (11 male individuals, mean age 62±13 y) were included. Adenosine stress-induced cMRI was performed at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months after RDN. RDN was performed using a single soft-tip radiofrequency catheter (Symplicity). cMRI semiquantitative perfusion analysis was performed using the upslope of myocardial signal enhancement to derive the myocardial perfusion reserve index. Both systolic-BP and diastolic-BP significantly decreased from 148±14 to 133±14 mm Hg and 87±14 to 80±10 mm Hg, respectively (P<0.05). LV septal wall thickness was significantly reduced (P<0.001). LV ejection fraction and MPR lacked significant trends 12 months after RDN. In this pilot study, RDN significantly reduced LV mass and LV septal wall thickness, as diagnosed by cMRI, with no significant changes in MPR. cMRI may help in diagnosing clinically relevant changes of functional myocardial parameters after interventional therapy in resistant hypertensive patients.

Realization of Multitone Continuous Wave Lidar

We have developed a multitone modulated continuous wave (MTCW) Lidar system made of a CW laser with multiple fixed RF tones for a high precision range finding and velocimetry. In this paper, the MTCW Lidar system has been studied analytically and numerically. A proof-of-concept experiment by employing 1550-nm light source and multiple radio-frequency (RF) tone modulations ranging from 50 MHz to 6 GHz has been performed to demonstrate proof of principle for range finding with <1-cm range resolution. We also provide sine fitting algorithms on the measured RF tones to extract the range information in a single shot RF measurement and demonstrate the ways to improve the resolution beyond the actual RF bandwidth.

A Carrier Selection Method Based on Single RF Chain SM-OFDM Systems

Spatial Modulation (SM) is an effective modulation scheme by adopting a simple coding mechanism. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) applied in SM can improve the system performance in frequency selective fading. However, multiple radio frequency (RF) chains used in SM-OFDM system are required equal to the number of transmitting antennas, which greatly increases the energy loss of the system. In this paper, a carrier selection method based on single RF chain SM-OFDM systems is proposed, a carrier grouping method for carrier selection and precoding are considered to reduce system complexity. Compared with the conventional SM-OFDM system, only single RF chain is used which avoids the inter-antennas interference and improves the energy efficiency. Moreover, the computational complexity of the system is greatly reduced. The simulation results show significant performance gains of the system.

NOMA for Hybrid mmWave Communication Systems With Beamwidth Control

In this paper, we propose a novel non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) scheme with beamwidth control for hybrid millimeter wave communication systems and study the resource allocation design to maximize the system energy efficiency. In particular, NOMA transmission allows more than one user to share a single radio frequency chain, which is beneficial to enhance the system energy efficiency. More importantly, the proposed beamwidth control can increase the number of served NOMA groups by widening the beamwidth that can further exploit the energy efficiency gain brought by NOMA. To this end, two beamwidth control methods, based on the conventional beamforming and the Dolph–Chebyshev beamforming, respectively, are proposed. We first characterize the main lobe power losses due to the two beamwidth control methods and propose an effective analog beamformer design to minimize the power loss. Then, we formulate the energy-efficient resource allocation design as a non-convex optimization problem, which takes into account the minimum required user data rate. A NOMA user grouping algorithm based on the coalition formation game theory is developed and a low-complexity iterative digital precoder design is proposed to achieve a locally optimal solution utilizing the quadratic transformation. Simulation results verify the fast convergence and effectiveness of our proposed algorithms. In addition, our results demonstrate the superior energy efficiency achieved by our proposed beamwidth controlling NOMA scheme compared to the conventional orthogonal multiple access and NOMA schemes without beamwidth control.

Dynamic SSK-BPSK System Under Transmitter Correlated Nonidentical Rayleigh Fading

Space shift keying (SSK) is a recent multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) modulation scheme where information is conveyed by the index of the activated antenna. An advantage of SSK transmitter is that it requires only one radio frequency (RF) chain. To achieve transmit diversity in such a single RF chain two antenna transmitter, modulation is dynamically changed between SSK and a modified form of binary phase shift keying (BPSK) based on channel condition in dynamic SSK-BPSK (DSB). DSB achieves second-order transmit diversity which is attributed to the statistical independence of sum and difference of independent and identically distributed complex Gaussian channel vectors. In order to study the impact of correlated and nonidentically distributed channel vectors on the transmit diversity of DSB, we consider transmitter correlated nonidentical Rayleigh fading in this work. We derive the bit error rate (BER) expression of DSB and the probability of using BPSK in DSB for the considered fading channel. Using asymptotic BER expressions, we study the diversity order of DSB. Results show that the transmit diversity of DSB is unaffected by the transmitter correlation when channel fading is identical, but nonidentical fading affects transmit diversity. Finally, we corroborate our analyses with simulation results.

A CMOS dynamic random access architecture for radio-frequency readout of quantum devices

Quantum computing technology is maturing at a relentless pace, yet individual quantum bits are wired one by one. As quantum processors become more complex, they require efficient interfaces to deliver signals for control and readout while keeping the number of inputs manageable. Digital electronics offers solutions to the scaling challenge by leveraging established industrial infrastructure and applying it to integrate silicon-based quantum devices with conventional CMOS circuits. Here, we combine both technologies at milikelvin temperatures and demonstrate the building blocks of a dynamic random access architecture for efficient readout of complex quantum circuits. Our circuit is divided into cells, each containing a CMOS quantum dot (QD) and a field-effect transistor that enables selective readout of the QD, as well as charge storage on the QD gate similar to 1T-1C DRAM technology. We show dynamic readout of two cells by interfacing them with a single radio-frequency resonator. Our results demonstrate a path to reducing the number of input lines per qubit and enable addressing of large-scale device arrays.

Space-Time Media-Based Modulation

Media-based modulation (MBM), which utilizes radiation patterns of a reconfigurable antenna to convey information, appears as a promising index modulation (IM) scheme for beyond 5G networking. In this paper, we present a general framework for MBM from the perspective of space-time coding, and introduce a novel space-time coded IM concept, which is called space-time media-based modulation (ST-MBM). The proposed scheme is based on one of the prominent IM solutions, space shift keying, along with Hurwitz–Radon family of matrices in order to achieve transmit diversity gain with a single radio frequency (RF) chain by utilizing the unique RF mirror activation principle of MBM. We derive the theoretical pairwise error probability of the ST-MBM scheme for correlated and uncorrelated channel states and obtain the average bit error probability. Additionally, a lower bound is derived for the mutual information of the ST-MBM scheme to gain insights into the information theoretical bounds of the proposed scheme. Furthermore, extensive computer simulations are provided to show the superior error performance of the ST-MBM scheme over the state-of-the-art multiple-input multiple-output-based transmission systems.

A multifunction digital receiver suitable for real-time frequency detection and compensation in fast magnetic resonance imaging.

We describe the development and implementation of a multifunction digital receiver suitable for magnetic resonance imaging with capability of real-time frequency detection and compensation. The digital receiver consists primarily of firmware modules that combine the functionalities of signal acquisition, frequency detection and compensation, and data correction and image reconstruction. The receiver was developed based on a single multiple-input multiple-output radio-frequency electronic board equipped with a reconfigurable Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) device. A simple and practical algorithm was developed and implemented on the FPGA to accelerate the data processing for frequency determination. The simplified frequency detection and the higher system integration enable the receiver to reduce dramatically the time for frequency detection and compensation. With this receiver, we are able to detect the frequency of short-duration signals in the bandwidth of 10 MHz centered at 400 MHz within 75 ns after the signal acquisition. We describe the designs of the key FPGA modules and how these modules integrate into a multifunction receiver. We also present testing data that validate the simplified algorithm for frequency determination, demonstrate frequency detection and compensation, and demonstrate how real-time data correction is performed during image acquisition and reconstruction.