Single Text Line Research Articles

Websites of note

Websites of note

Word-Wise Thai and Roman Script Identification

In some Thai documents, a single text line of a printed document page may contain words of both Thai and Roman scripts. For the Optical Character Recognition (OCR) of such a document page it is better to identify, at first, Thai and Roman script portions and then to use individual OCR systems of the respective scripts on these identified portions. In this article, an SVM-based method is proposed for identification of word-wise printed Roman and Thai scripts from a single line of a document page. Here, at first, the document is segmented into lines and then lines are segmented into character groups (words). In the proposed scheme, we identify the script of a character group combining different character features obtained from structural shape, profile behavior, component overlapping information, topological properties, and water reservoir concept, etc. Based on the experiment on 10,000 data (words) we obtained 99.62% script identification accuracy from the proposed scheme.

Illuminating the Glass Box: The Lighting Designs of Richard Kelly

Research Article| June 01 2007 Illuminating the Glass Box: The Lighting Designs of Richard Kelly Margaret Maile Petty Margaret Maile Petty The Bard Graduate Center Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians (2007) 66 (2): 194–219. https://doi.org/10.1525/jsah.2007.66.2.194 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Margaret Maile Petty; Illuminating the Glass Box: The Lighting Designs of Richard Kelly. Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 1 June 2007; 66 (2): 194–219. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/jsah.2007.66.2.194 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentJournal of the Society of Architectural Historians Search This content is only available via PDF. © 2007 by the Society of Architectural Historians.2007 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Eye Movements of Children and Adults While Reading Television Subtitles

Abstract. Eye movements of children (Grade 5-6) and adults were monitored while they were watching a foreign language movie with either standard (foreign language soundtrack and native language subtitling) or reversed (foreign language subtitles and native language soundtrack) subtitling. With standard subtitling, reading behavior in the subtitle was observed, but there was a difference between one- and two-line subtitles. As two lines of text contain verbal information that cannot easily be inferred from the pictures on the screen, more regular reading occurred; a single text line is often redundant to the information in the picture, and accordingly less reading of one-line text was apparent. Reversed subtitling showed even more irregular reading patterns (e.g., more subtitles skipped, fewer fixations, longer latencies). No substantial age differences emerged, except that children took longer to shift attention to the subtitle at its onset, and showed longer fixations and shorter saccades in the text. On the whole, the results demonstrated the flexibility of the attentional system and its tuning to the several information sources available (image, soundtrack, and subtitles).

Strabons Geographika (review)

Reviewed by: Strabons Geographika, 1. Prolegomena, Buch I-IV: Text und Übersetzung, and: Strabons Geographika, 2. Buch V-VIII: Text und Übersetzung James Romm Stefan Radt (ed.). Strabons Geographika, 1. Prolegomena, Buch I-IV: Text und Übersetzung. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht, 2002. Pp. xxvi, 563. €141.00. ISBN 3-525-259506. Stefan Radt (ed.). Strabons Geographika, 2. Buch V-VIII: Text und Übersetzung. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht, 2003. Pp. 560. €156.00. ISBN 3-525-25951-4. Strabo's Geography is one of few remaining major classical works not yet published in a complete critical edition. The great length of his text and the complexity of its manuscript tradition have tended to wear out the lives of his editors: Wolfgang Aly, generally considered the most reliable of these, died before completing the first third of the project (after himself inheriting the posthumous materials of Benedict Niese), and Francesco Sbordone progressed only slightly further in the Rome edition before his death. The Budé version, begun in the 1960s by Germaine Aujac and François Lassère and now apparently halted after reaching book 12, has been deemed sorely deficient (see, e.g., the review by Dicks of the first volume, CR n.s. 21 [1971] 88–94). No Oxford Classical Text has ever existed nor is one planned, to my knowledge, while the Loeb edition begun by J. R. S. Sterrett and completed by Horace Leonard Jones lacks a critical apparatus. What is more, no complete commentary on the Geography has been produced since that of Casaubon in the seventeenth century. A group of scholars who first assembled at Groningen in 1982, led by Stefan Radt, set out to fill these gaps, and the first two of their projected ten-volume text, translation, and commentary have now appeared. To judge by these initial volumes, which contain the text of Geography books 1–8 with facing German translation, and by the sample section of commentary Radt published in a 1991 article in Mnemosyne, the project will undoubtedly succeed in giving us a definitive, reliable, comprehensive edition of Strabo. Radt and his team are proceeding with consummate care, both in their editorial choices and in the overall design and presentation of the series and its individual volumes. Many innovations have been made here to assist scholars grappling with the immensity of Strabo's work and the great variety of material it contains. Headings at the top of each page situate us both in the text (referenced both by book/chapter numbers and by "C" page numbers derived from Casaubon's 1620 edition) and in geographic space. Line numbers at the edge of the page are arranged in such a way that each new Casaubon page starts at line 1, making it possible, for the first time, for scholars to cite Strabo passages by a precise and uniform system (e.g., "Strabo 266C4" designates a single line of text). Cross-references to fragment collections of, say, Eratosthenes—of which there are a great number in book 1 in particular—are given in parentheses within both the Greek text and the facing translation, rather than in footnotes as in the Budé edition. The critical apparatus is extremely clear and complete, and judicious choices have been made from among the variant readings. In general Radt follows the theory of manuscript transmission put forward by Diller, but he also chooses, unlike his predecessors, to avoid grouping manuscripts together and assigning them common sigla on the basis of shared errors or omissions. All sigla used by Radt, that is, refer to individual, extant manuscripts—a sensible precaution against the dangers of creating phantom exemplars which then go on to influence editorial judgments. Another [End Page 204] sensible choice has relegated minor, inconsequential textual variants to an appendix at the back of each volume, where they do not distract the reader from the more important cruces. The exacting methodology employed by Radt and his team can be judged by their decision to publish the Epitome and Chrestomathy, short redactions of portions of Strabo's text, in the ninth volume of the series (tentatively scheduled to appear in 2010), and by the elegant arrangement that they have made...

INFORMATION EMBEDDING AND EXTRACTION THROUGH EXPOSURE MODULATION FOR ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHIC TEXT DOCUMENTS

Printer identification based on printed documents can provide forensic information to protect copyright and verify authenticity. In addition to intrinsic features (intrinsic signatures) of the printer, modulating the printing process to embed specific signature (extrinsic signatures) will further extend the encoding capacity. In this paper we describe the use of laser modulation in electrophotographic printers to embed information in a text document. In particular we describe an embedding and detection process which allows the embedding of 1 bit in a single line of text. For a typical 12 point document with 50 lines of text, 33 bits can be embedded per page.

Location of title and author regions in document images based on the Delaunay triangulation

Automatic title and author location can be a crucial step in journal document image processing systems. This paper presents a Delaunay triangulation-based method for identification of title and author areas in a technical document image. The positions and alignments of small text line regions are measured by different triangle groups and the character stroke widths are calculated from the constrained Delaunay triangulation. The rules defining spatial features and font attributes of the title and author region are applied to single line text regions to extract the title and author regions. Our experiment results show that the proposed method is effective.

Marenzio, Poland and the late polychoral sacred style

M ARENZIO's polychoral sacred music may be divided into two general types: one in which sonorities and the combining of textures play the dominant role; and another-more pointedly madrigalesque-in which characteristic rhythmic and melodic patterns serve to convey the textual meaning. The former type is more often associated with the presentation of full liturgical texts, such as the Magnificat, Te Deum and Mass, or hymns such as Ave maris stella and A solis ortus cardine; the latter tends to concentrate on a few verses (e.g. part of a psalm) that afford an opportunity to present a variety of pictorial images, as in the motets Exsurgat Deus, Deus venerunt gentes and Iniquos odio habui. The difference may be clarified by comparing a passage from a Magnificat with one from the motet Exsurgat Deus (see exx.1, 2). In ex.1 we observe an evenly flowing continuity, in which the vocal lines are uncomplicated and the texture reducible to simple chords. The two choirs divide a single text line and then join together to give emphasis to the word 'Abraham'. Text portrayal is achieved through a simple contrast of texture. Such a setting is perhaps more suited to larger numbers of performers and to the sounds of instruments to create interest. (Unfortunately we do not know how Marenzio used instruments.) In ex.2 the treatment is very different. The exhortation 'Exsurgat Deus' ('rise up, God') is transmitted through bold upward leaps, and the admonition 'dissipentur inimici' ('scatter [your] enemies') is depicted by short fragmented patterns. The focus is entirely on the individual lines and the images the singers invoke. This type of setting seems more

The Lancet: aet. CL--gaudeamus igitur.

Anyone who opens Garrison's An Introduction to the History of Medicine1 in the hope of looking up Thomas Wakley will find that he is not accorded a single line of regular text. Wakley the surgeon, to be sure, is not known for heroic operative feats, but Wakley the reformer, the innovator, the fighter, the politician, the socially conscious physician, the educator and, above all, the editor, has had a far greater effect over the last 150 years of medicine than someone who, because he first described a physical sign or devised a new kind of forceps, receives half a page . . .