Single-feed Microstrip Antenna Research Articles

High-Gain Dual-Polarization Microstrip Antenna Based on Transmission Focusing Metasurface.

In this paper, a single-feed microstrip antenna (MA) equipped with a transmission-mode focusing metasurface (MS) is proposed to achieve dual-polarization capabilities and superior high-gain radiation performance. The original-feed MA comprises two distinct layers of coaxial-fed tangential patches, enabling it to emit a circular polarization (CP) wave with a gain of 3.5 dBic at 5.6 GHz and linear polarization (LP) radiation with a gain of 4 dBi at 13.7 GHz. To improve the performance of the single-feed MA, a dual-polarization transmission focusing MS is proposed and numerically substantiated. By positioning the originally designed MA at the focal point of the MS, we create a transmission-mode MS antenna system capable of achieving CP and LP radiations with the significantly higher gains of 12.9 dBic and 14.8 dBi at 5.6 GHz and 13.7 GHz, respectively. Measurements conducted on the fabricated dual-polarization focusing MS antenna closely align with the simulation results, validating the effectiveness of our approach. This work underscores the significant potential of dual-polarization high-speed data systems and offers a practical solution for enhancing antenna gains in contemporary wireless communication systems.

Single-Feed Triple Band Microstrip Antenna for High Frequencies

This project presented a Design of a Single feed microstrip antenna has proposed for the Triple band operations and at the same time it mainly designed for satellite communication and the applications in K/Ka/Ku bands it is easy to fabricate, and high flexibility and improved antenna improved efficiency. The antenna has small dimensions of 70×29×0.787 and operates at 1GHz. This antenna mainly consists of a microstrip line in the center, two slot-loaded rectangular patches on the lateral sides, with two thin microstrip lines. The antenna is designed and simulated on High-Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) platform using Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 substrate with 0.787 dielectric constant and 0.002 loss tangent. The radiation pattern, return loss, vswr and gain results reveal that the antenna performs quite well at all frequencies.

Laser micro-machined 28 GHz broad band single feed microstrip antenna for 5G mm-wave applications

Purpose This paper aims to propose a laser micro-machined 4 × 4 elements microstrip array antenna suitable for 5 G millimeter wave (mm-wave) applications. Each patch element of the array is excited with same amplitude and phase that is achieved with proper novel impedance matching stub. The proposed antenna achieves a simulated gain of 13.15 dBi and a measured return loss of −24.80 dB at 28.73 GHz with a total bandwidth of 7.48 GHz. The designed antenna is directional with a directivity of 15.1 dBi at 28.73 GHz, whereas fabricated on a low cost FR4 substrate with a substrate thickness of 0.074 λ mm. The antenna is realized with an aperture size of 2.24λ × 3.26λ. Design/methodology/approach The antenna structure starts from the design of single element called unit cell. The single element is designed using the transmission line model equations of a rectangular patch. To design a 28 GHz microstrip patch antenna, a dielectric material with lower permittivity and having thickness (h) less than 1 mm is required. This specification gives better gain and efficiency by reducing surface waves and mutual coupling between elements. The inset width is optimized to achieve the minimum reflection coefficient (S11). The single element has been arranged with a minimum spacing of λ/2 (5.3571 mm) in an H plane and E plane. It is connected using the microstrip lines with proper impedance matching. The four 2 × 2-sub array cell subsystems are connected with a corporate feed together formed the 4 × 4-array cell. Rectangular planar array method is used to arrange the elements in the 4 × 4 array cell. Findings The design concept is simple which includes the combination of corporate feed and insect feed. It is compact in size and easy to fabricate. The bandwidth of fabricated prototype antenna array is achieved as 7.48 GHz from 24.98 GHz to 32.46 GHz. The mutual coupling is very less though the antenna array is placed with minimum spacing between adjacent elements. This is because of the microstrip feeding structure with minimum phase shift. The gain can be further enhanced with increasing number of array element and proper designing of feed line. Owing to the advantages of low profile, wide bandwidth and high gain, the designed array will be potentially useful in 5 G wireless communications. Originality/value The measured antenna offers bandwidth 7.48 GHz (24.98 GHz-32.46 GHz) with centered frequency 28.73 GHz. The agreement between simulated and measured results is good. The VSWR is observed 0.32 < 2, offers good impedance matching and low mutual coupling. It gives better E-Field and H-field radiation patterns of the 4 × 4 array antenna structure at 28 GHz. The total gain of 13.14 dBi is achieved at the center frequency. The total efficiency of 63.42 per cent is achieved with FR4 substrate.

FR-4 Substrate Based Modified Ultawideband Antenna with Gain Enhancement for Wireless Applications

A new circular shape patch ultrawideband (UWB) single feed microstrip antenna is described in this paper. The radiated patch of the proposed UWB antenna is embedded with slots to improve the radiation characteristics ensuring a wide impedance bandwidth. In the ground plane, two rectangular rings slots are etched to provide proper impedance matching over a wide frequency range. The proposed single layer UWB with overall dimensions of 55 mm by 56 mm is fabricated using low cost 4.3 relative permittivity FR-4 substrate. From results obtained, the antenna can provide an impedance bandwidth ranging from 2.2 GHz to more than 12 GHz (138%) that is wider than the standard UWB band. In addition, the modified UWB antenna can enhance the gain to more than 6.6 dB, which is higher than that achieved by the ordinary UWB antenna by more than 16%. Comparison of the modified UWB antenna simulated and measured results shows a close agreement, which enable it to be a promising solution for many wireless applications such as UWB applications, X-band (8-12GHz) satellite communication, portable wireless devices, medical applications, positioning systems cognitive radio and WiMAX 5.4 GHz band application.

A Polarization-Reconfigurable Water-Loaded Microstrip Antenna

A novel single-feed microstrip antenna with polarization agility is proposed. Loading the distilled water cylinder(s) at the four corners of the square patch with different heights, the effective permittivity of resonant mode is changed. By perturbing the heights of the four water cylinders, the circular polarization radiation with a wide 3-dB axial-ratio beamwidth can be obtained. In addition, the polarization reconfigurability with right-hand circular polarization, left-hand circular polarization, and linear polarization can be achieved by controlling the height of the water. To demonstrate the design concept, a prototype antenna was fabricated and measured. The simulated and measured results are in good agreement.

Compact single feed circularly polarized Koch island microstrip antenna

Single feed microstrip antenna using Koch curve as boundary to the Triangular patch to get circular polarization is presented. With the proposed antenna it is shown that the size can be reduced by more than 50% without much reduction in gain of the antenna. The antenna provides almost constant gain of about 4dBi over the frequency band of operation. It gives a good circular polarization with minimum axial ratio close to 0dB at the center frequency of 2.4GHz. 3dB axial ratio bandwidth of about 1.3% is obtained with the proposed antenna. Measurement results are compared with simulated results and a very good agreement is obtained.

MODIFIED Π-SHAPED SLOT LOADED MULTIFREQUENCY MICROSTRIP ANTENNA

A single layer, single feed microstrip antenna with multifrequency operation in compact size is proposed. A modified inverted π-shaped slot is introduced at the left side radiating edge of the patch to reduce the size of the antenna by reducing the resonant frequency. Multiple resonant frequencies with increased frequency ratio are also obtained by cutting the modified inverted π-shaped slot. The measured result shows that the proposed antenna resonates at 3.3, 4.55, 5.56 and 6.08 GHz in microwave S and C band. The size of the proposed patch is only 0.176λL × 0.132λL at its lower operating frequency. The proposed patch antenna has achieved 68% size reduction as compared with the conventional rectangular microstrip antenna with same patch area. An extensive analysis of the reflection coefficient, voltage standing wave ratio, gain, radiation efficiency and radiation pattern of the proposed antenna is presented in this paper. The proposed antenna is suitable for WiMax and HiPERLAN wireless systems.

STUDY OF MULTI-BAND CIRCULARLY POLARIZED MICROSTRIP ANTENNA WITH COMPACT SIZE

In some satellite navigation receiver systems, there is not enough space to settle several antennas for multi-port multi-band application generally. A triple-deck circularly polarized antenna with three ports for receiving and sending satellites signal is studied in this paper. The design idea in this paper is to place several single-feed microstrip antennas layer by layer for saving space. All patch antennas are probe-fed, and the probe connected with the upper patch goes through the clear hole in lower substrates. The structure of the multi-band antenna is investigated thoroughly. How to tune this kind of antenna is a big problem in application, and one special parameter is given to adjust the performance of the antenna. The designed triple-deck antenna works at the bands of GPS, BDS and 1.66 GHz independently. The formal two bands are RHCP, and the third band is LHCP, so it can receive and send signals at the same time. Both simulated and measured results show that all three working bands can cover the system use differently. Axial ratio less than 3 dB at center frequency is obtained, and absolute gain at center frequency is more than 4 dBic. The advantages of this antenna are compact in size for multi-port multi-band use and easy fabrication.

Design of a circularly polarized rectangular microstrip antenna for GPS applications

A compact design of a single feed microstrip antenna for circular polarization (CP) is proposed and studied.CP is brought about by embedding a slot in a cross shaped patch. The structure enables an area reduction of 46% as compared to conventional rectangular microstrip antenna. The antenna offers a 2:1 VSWR bandwidth from 1.53 to 1.61 GHz on a substrate of dielectric constant 4.4 and height 1.6 mm with a broadside radiation characteristic in the entire band. The 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna is 5% with moderate gain that covers global positioning system (GPS) L1 band. Simulation and experimental results of the antenna are presented and discussed. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:468–470, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25706

Compact single feed circularly polarized fractal boundary microstrip antenna

AbstractCompact circularly polarized single feed microstrip antenna using fractal curve as boundary is presented. It is shown that by using fractal curve as boundary to the square patch the size can be reduced by more than 50% without much reduction in gain of the antenna. The antenna gives a good circular polarization with minimum axial ratio close to 0 dB at the center frequency of 2234 MHz. Three decibel axial ratio bandwidth of about 0.81% and 10 dB impedance bandwidth of about 3.25% are obtained with the proposed antenna. The antenna provides almost constant gain of about 4 dBi over the frequency band of operation. Measurement results are compared with simulated results and a very good agreement is obtained. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52: 141–147, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24854

Fractal boundary circularly polarised single feed microstrip antenna

A Koch fractal boundary circularly polarised single feed microstrip antenna is presented. The proposed antenna gives very good circular polarisation with axial ratio close to 0 dB at the centre frequency of 2510 MHz, 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth of about 1.6% and impedance bandwidth of 6.2%. It is established that it is easy to obtain circular polarisation using the fractal curve as the boundary. The antenna provides about 6 dB gain over the frequency band of operation.

Wideband single-fed circularly polarised patch antenna

A novel circularly polarised (CP), single-fed microstrip antenna is presented. The antenna consists of a stacked structure of almost square patches. The proposed design has a reduced antenna size compared to the conventional CP microstrip antenna at a given operating frequency. The impedance and axial ratio bandwidths are large and CP radiation quality is excellent over the entire upper hemisphere. The proposed antenna is suitable for global positioning system (GPS) applications.

Single-feed circularly polarized microstrip antenna with a slit

A new and simple technique for obtaining circular polarization (CP) radiation of a single-feed microstrip antenna is demonstrated. This CP design is achieved by insetting a single slit to the boundary of the microstrip patch, and placing a single feed along an axis 45° to the one containing the slit. Applications of this CP design method to square and circular microstrip antennas have been implemented. Typical experimental results are presented and discussed. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 18: 306–308, 1998.