Single Fathers Research Articles

Lone parenthood in the COVID-19 context: Israeli single gay fathers' perspective.

This article focuses on Israeli single gay fathers, using the Stress Process Model (SPM) as a framework to investigate their fathering experiences during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Thematic analysis of 15 in‐depth semi‐structured interviews with Israeli single gay fathers during the third national lockdown revealed that their parenting experiences during the pandemic were shaped by both COVID‐related stress exposure and interpersonal resources, which the fathers viewed as interactive. These fathers described three main pandemic‐specific stressors: financial insecurity and workplace transformation, feelings of loneliness and isolation and health‐related fears. Our findings highlight the cumulative effects of these stressors on the fathers' well‐being. The fathers also described the ways in which their interpersonal resources (i.e., social networks and strengthened relationship with their children during the pandemic) facilitated their coping with the pandemic‐related stressors. The study highlights the need for social workers to recognize the emerging family forms and to broaden their approach to parents during a time of ongoing community crisis, by addressing the differential effects on parents in diverse family structures.

Factors related to Depression of Single-Parents with Minor Children: Focusing on the Gender Differences

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate gender differences as ecological factors associated with depression of single-parents who lived with minors.Methods: This study was secondary data analysis using national data from the 2018 Single Parent Family Survey, including 2,427 participants (1,575 mothers and 852 fathers). Data were analyzed using SPSS/MAC 26.0 program for the descriptive analysis, independent t-tests, chi-squared tests, and binary logistic regression.Results: The depression groups were identified as 17.4% for women and 11.0% for men based on Patient Health Questionnaire-9. In logistic regression, single mothers’ depression was significantly associated with low income, unemployment, low education level, parenting difficulties, a sense of distance from family, and family discrimination experiences. However, single fathers’ depression was significantly associated with low income, unemployment, and parenting difficulties.Conclusion: Our study findings suggest that depression interventions should be tailored to different gender groups of the single-parents, specifically socio-emotional factors should be considered for the single mother group.

Documenting Families: Paper-Work in Family Display among Planned Single Father Families

This article extends existing sociological scholarship on doing and displaying family by developing the concept of documenting families. We suggest that documenting is conceptually rich insofar as it showcases the relationship, and tensions, between institutional practices and individual experiences of family display. Drawing on our research with men who became parents without partners, we argue that the process of documenting family is made especially evident in studies of what Finch originally referred to as ‘non-conventional’ family relationships. We explain that documenting sheds light not only on the official and unofficial means through which families are recognised on paper, but also on family practices as work – in this case paper-work – that involves negotiation between different social actors who are generally unequal in terms of their authority and agency to impose situational meaning.

Human immunodeficiency virus p24 antigen and antibody, herpes simplex virus-2 IgM and tumor necrosis factor alpha plasma levels in adult female children living in single-parent households: a case-control observational study

Abstract Objective: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) p24 antigen and antibody and herpes simplex virus 2 IgM are seromarkers indicating infection with HIV and herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2), respectively, whereas tumor necrosis factor α is an inflammatory biomarker that can be triggered by infections. Female children of single parents are faced with many socio-economic challenges that make them vulnerable to sexual influences and prone to sexually transmitted infections. The goal of this work was to determine HIV p24 antigen/antibody, HSV-2 IgM and tumor necrosis factor-α plasma levels in adult female children living in single-parent households. Methods: In this case-control observational study, 100 adult female children living with a single parent (50 living with a single mother and 50 living with a single father; age: 18–22 years) and 100 age-matched women living with both parents were recruited to serve as the test and control groups, respectively. All subjects were negative for acid-fast bacilli, plasmodium, hepatitis C virus, and hepatitis B virus. Human tumor necrosis factor α, HSV-2 IgM, antibody to hepatitis C virus, hepatitis B surface antigen and human immunodeficiency virus p24 antigen and antibody (HIV p24 Ag/Ab) levels were determined by ELISA, while the detection of acid-fast bacilli in sputum and Plasmodium in blood was carried out by optical microscopy. This work was carried out in the Owo/Ose Federal Constituency in Ondo State that shares boundaries with Edo State. The study protocol was approved by the Research and Ethical Committee of the Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Achievers University, Owo, Nigeria (AUO/MLS/2020/127) on August 27, 2020. Results: HIV p24 Ag/Ab was detected in 0 adult female children living with a single mother, 1 (2%) adult female child living with a single father and 1 (1%) adult female child living with both parents. HSV-2 IgM was detected in 9 (18%) adult female children living with a single mother, 13 (26%) adult female children living with a single father, and 5 (10%) adult female children living with both parents. Conclusion: This work shows that adult female children of single parents are vulnerable to sexual influences, and thereby more prone to HSV-2 and possibly HIV, especially adult female children of single fathers.

The Relationship Between Emotion Regulation and Resilience in Single Mothers Possessing Multiple Roles in Malang City

In reality, not all families consist of two parents; there are many single fathers and mothers. Single mothers have a responsibility in educating their children as well as being the backbone of the family – these two tasks are called dual roles. Multiple roles can cause conflict and negative emotions in single mothers. Therefore, it is important to be able to regulate emotions to run optimally, and it is important to have skills in resilience to rise from difficult experiences and be optimistic when facing problems. This study aimed to examine the relationship between emotion regulation and the resilience of single mothers who have multiple roles in Malang City. A quantitative research method was used and there were 80 participants who were all single mothers with multiple roles in Malang City. The measuring instruments used were the emotion regulation scale and the resilience scale. Based on the results, there was a significantly strong correlation between emotion regulation and resilience.
 Keywords: resilience, emotion regulation, mother, multiple roles

Performing parenting: competencies and social capital for Ghanaian single fathers

Drawing on the five competencies areas, the study examines the relationship between individual competencies and successful childrearing practices in single-father homes. Questionnaires are used to collect data from 152 Ghanaian single fathers. With regression analyses, we find that strategic commitment and relationship building are significant for the development of functional children, while learning and opportunities are not. Additionally, social capital does not moderate the interaction of strategic and learning competencies with childrearing practices of single fathers. Results indicate that individual competencies are contextual and social capital from family members and friends may not always be an important consideration for the development of functional children. Finally, the results discussed in terms of implications for theory, policymakers and single fathers.

Factors related to parenting stress among fathers of preschool children in Japan.

Even though fathers participate in childcare at a higher rate than before, there remains a lack of research on the factors that contribute to parenting stress among fathers. This study explored the socioeconomic and demographic factors associated with parenting stress among fathers of preschool children. Our study included 17 645 fathers who participated in the 2016 Comprehensive Survey of Living Conditions in Japan. Parenting stress was assessed using a single question. Socioeconomic and demographic factors were predictors. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for parenting stress. Overall, 6.6% fathers experienced parenting stress. Fathers with a youngest child aged 0-2 years were more likely to experience parenting stress than those with a youngest child aged 3-6 (OR: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.25-1.68). Compared with fathers who lived in two-parent households without grandparents, those who lived in single-father households (both with and without grandparents) were more likely to experience parenting stress (OR: 12.13, 95% CI: 5.60-26.29 and OR: 4.19, 95% CI: 2.04-8.60, respectively). Furthermore, there was a significant negative association between education and parenting stress. Having a child aged 0-2 years, single fatherhood, and higher education were associated with parenting stress among fathers of preschool children. Healthcare professionals need to be aware of these factors when supporting fathers in raising their children.

SCHOOL PERFORMANCE OF PUPILS FROM SINGLE-PARENT FAMILIES. A SOCIOLOGICAL SURVEY ON 8th GRADE PUPILS, BIHOR COUNTY

Objectives. Studies have shown that single-parent families face various types of psycho-emotional problems but also the precariousness of economic resources, being among the vulnerable groups with a high risk of social exclusion. The paper presents a series of concrete aspects from a research conducted in Bihor County and it aims to analyze the differences between children from single-parent families and those coming from two-parent families, and those between single-mother families and single-father families, respectively, in terms of school life. Material and methods. The method used consists in a sociological survey based on a questionnaire, applied to a representative sample of 4708 8th grade students from Bihor County, in the 2019-2020 school year. Data processing was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences [SPSS] program, with the aim of calculating the frequencies and correlations between the variables. Results. In terms of school performance, education environment quality within the family, and school-family collaboration, the research found statistically significant differences between single-parent and two-parent students, respectively between families with single mothers and single fathers. Conclusions. The data showed that school performance is strongly influenced by family structure, climate, and functionality. From this perspective, the single-parent family represents a structure with low educational potential; in terms of school performance, the single-mother family describes a structure that favors school performance to a greater extent compared to the single-father family. Keywords: single-parent families, school performance, vulnerable groups, family climate, family structure.

An Evaluation of Building Our Nation's Daughters (BOND): Improving Black Single Mother-Daughter Relationships and Well-Being.

Although single mothers report being most concerned about financial costs, the needs of these mothers and their children are more extensive. The current study evaluated a program for Black single mothers with adolescent daughters that emphasized the mother-daughter relationship and coping skills to promote well-being. The program is Building Our Nation’s Daughters (BOND). Individual interviews were conducted with five mothers and five daughters who had participated in BOND. Interviews were conducted online during the COVID-19 pandemic. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed to allow for coding and analysis of qualitative data. Mothers and daughters also verbally provided numeric outcome ratings specific to select outcomes. Mother and daughter well-being improved based both on self-report and report of the other member of the dyad (i.e., mother for daughter, daughter for mother). Results suggest programs like BOND have the capacity to improve mood and strengthen the mother-daughter relationship through development of coping skills and conflict resolution skills. The evaluated program improved mother and daughter well-being in part through skills building, but importantly through improvement in the mother-daughter relationship, as well. BOND could be used as a template for similarly situated families. For example, the program could be modified to address the needs of single father households and single caregiver households with adolescent boys.

American Single Father Homes: A Growing Public Health Priority.

AffiliationsStacey L. Shipe and Kate Guastaferro are with the Child Maltreatment Solutions Network, College of Health and Human Development, Pennsylvania State University, University Park. Stacey L. Shipe is also with the Department of Social Work, State University of New York, Binghamton. Lynsay Ayer is with the RAND Corporation, Arlington, VA.

Performing parenting: competencies and social capital for Ghanaian single fathers

Performing parenting: competencies and social capital for Ghanaian single fathers

A comparison of the household labor performed by parents and teenage children in single-parent families and dual-parent families

This study aimed to explore the impact of differences in family structure and gender on the household labor of parents and teenagers. A total of 16,272 time diaries from the Korean Time Use Survey were used to analyze the influence of family structure and gender on the time spent on housework by parents and teenage children. Results from two-way ANOVA, multiple regression, and logistic regression analysis were as follows. Differences in the hours spent on household management and caring for family members were found based on family structure and gender. Mothers in dual-parent families or multi-local families did more hours of household management work than mothers in single-parent families. The household work hours of fathers in single-parent families differed from those of fathers in multi-local families and dual-parent families. Specifically, single fathers did significantly more housework than fathers in dual-parent families. Gender and family structure and the interaction between them showed significant effects on the household work activities of parents, especially in terms of meal preparation, cleaning, and housing management. Teenage children in single-parent families did more hours of household management work than those in dual-parent families, and a gender gap in the household work of teenage children in single-parent families was found; daughters did more household management work than sons in single-parent families, specifically in terms of meal preparation. For both parents and children of single-parent families, gender was an important factor in determining the time spent on household management. Based on the results, we propose a family policy and public services to alleviate the gender gap in the performance of housework and to support the work-life balance of parents and children in single-parent families.

Singled out no longer: The changing narratives and types of single‐parent families

AbstractSingle parenthood has risen dramatically in the United States over the last 50 years, along with social science research on these families. Some of this early research centered on causes as well as the consequences of single parenthood, especially on children, the latter of which many scholars argue reifies differences as problematic in single‐parent families by comparing them against the “normative” framework of heterosexual, married‐parent families. More recently, however, there has been much growth in social science research that examines the lived experiences of single parents and their children. In this review, I focus on this expanding field of inquiry and present research that highlights the diversity and complexity of single‐parent families. In particular, I summarize the classed, raced, and gendered media and public discourse on single parents, the changing demographics of single parenthood in the United States, and the ways that poor, Black single mothers are shifting the narrative on these families. I also discuss three types of single‐parent families that have received increasing scholarly attention: single parents in multigenerational homes, single fathers, and single parents “by choice.” These subtypes further nuance discussion of single parenthood by highlighting the growing diversity of these families. New developments and future directions for research on single parenthood are also discussed.

A comparative study of adolescent's personality headed by different types of families: With special reference: Capital of India

India has a rich culture of Kutumb system, recognized as joint families. This helps the family members to sustain a life with kinship grouping living together under one roof. This type of tradition provides a healthy and sound family environment to nourish the children mentally, physically and economically in a strong manner and also get to know about values and traditions of the society from their grandparents and elders of the family (Mangal, 2010). But scenario is changing day by day due to need of the day. India is in process of becoming developed country in place of developing (lumen, 2020). Urbanization and inclusion of westernization for coping with other countries had its influence on the basic structure of the Indian family structure. The breaking down of the joint family into smaller unites, has became essential due to so many circumstances and conditions (Shaikh, 6 july 2017). Now a day’s one of the most family structure also rapidly growing up in Indian society i.e. single parent families. If we go into the deep these kinds of families also has so many genuine reasons to increase the number. Single parenthood is a phenomenon that has always been in existence and is as old as mankind. (Udisi, 2016). This study focused on the adolescent’s personality of nourished with different kind of families (single mothers, single fathers and nuclear families) in India. A total of 450 adolescents were selected purposive sampling method. For data collection three static group designs were followed by researcher i.e. single Mother (150), Single father (150) and intact families (150). Research tool for Data collection is R.B. Cattell and revised by Mahesh Bhargva’s 16 PF scale. As statistical technique ANOVA were used for analysis.

A comparative study of adolescent's Personality headed by different types of families: With special reference; Capital of India

India has a rich culture of Kutumb system, recognized as joint families. This helps the family members to sustain a life with kinship grouping living together under one roof. This type of tradition provides a healthy and sound family environment to nourish the children mentally, physically and economically in a strong manner and also get to know about values and traditions of the society from their grandparents and elders of the family (Mangal, 2010). But scenario is changing day by day due to need of the day. India is in process of becoming developed country in place of developing (lumen, 2020). Urbanization and inclusion of westernization for coping with other countries had its influence on the basic structure of the Indian family structure. The breaking down of the joint family into smaller unites, has become essential due to so many circumstances and conditions (Shaikh, 6 july 2017). Now a day’s one of the most family structure also rapidly growing up in Indian society i.e. single parent families. If we go into the deep these kinds of families also has so many genuine reasons to increase the number. Single parenthood is a phenomenon that has always been in existence and is as old as mankind. (Udisi, 2016). This study focused on the adolescent’s personality of nourished with different kind of families (single mothers, single fathers and nuclear families) in India. A total of 450 adolescents were selected purposive sampling method. For data collection three static group designs were followed by researcher i.e. single Mother (150), Single father (150) and intact families (150). Research tool for Data collection is R.B. Cattell and revised by Mahesh Bhargva’s 16 PF scale. As statistical technique ANOVA were used for analysis.

Intensive Mothering and the Unequal School-Search Burden

Expanded school-choice policies have weakened the traditional link between residence and school assignment. These policies have created new school options and new labor for families to manage and divide. Drawing on interviews with 90 mothers and 12 fathers of elementary-age children, I demonstrate that mothers across class, racial, and ethnic backgrounds absorb the labor of school decision-making. Working-class mothers emphasize self-sacrifice and search for schools that will keep their children safe. Middle-class mothers intensively research school information and seek niche school environments. Working-class and middle-class black and Latinx mothers engage in ongoing labor to monitor the racial climate within schools and to protect their children from experiences of marginalization. Partnered fathers and single primary-caregiver fathers invest less time and energy in the search for schools. These findings identify an important source of gender inequality stemming from modern educational policies and suggest new directions for research on school choice.

From the Ashes.

I wish I could wash the hurt out of the mangled fabric of my patients’ lives. You know the ones: the young woman brought in by her friends after she passed out who brushes off the concealed bruises on her arms as just her being clumsy, the middle-aged patient throwing a tantrum because he has been sitting five hours in the waiting room and why has the doctor not been here already, the stooped old man presenting for the third time this month with low back pain that only responds to hydromorphone. I stand over the woman’s stretcher and listen to her vague allusions to just tripping over something on the ground, and I wonder if what really hit her head was her boyfriend’s fist and not the corner of a couch. The middle-aged man is shouting because everyone is too slow and how much longer is it going to take, and what he does not speak is the worry of being a single father with two small children home alone because some doctor sent him here after finding he had a systolic blood pressure of 200 in primary care clinic. The old man lies curled up in bed and cusses when I ask about his allergy to acetaminophen. I see three lives burning down to ash, and I wish I could help them unfurl their wings and become a phoenix. Healing will take much more than any small thing I can do during a few hours in the emergency department. But if there are patients lost in a night so dark they have forgotten what light is, for those hours I can hand them a lantern so they know they are not wandering alone through all that darkness. It can be intentionally taking a few extra minutes to sit a little longer at a young woman’s bedside because this is the first time in two months that anyone has cared to hear her and really listen. It can also be assuring a frustrated man that you understand he needs to get home; let him know you will take care of his blood pressure and get him going as soon as safe to ease some of his worry. And sometimes it is a ham sandwich placed in the weary dirt-stained hands of a homeless man complaining of low back pain who is really looking for a meal and a night of shelter.

Exploring Parental Identities: How Single Black Males Understand Fatherhood in the Absence of Their Fathers

This qualitative study was exploratory in nature and involved the collection and analysis of data from Single Black fathers in Northern California raised without a father in the home. Fathers in our study shared that they navigate their roles as single fathers through trial and error and by making a personal commitment to do what is necessary for the well-being of their children; they refuse to allow obstacle to get in their way of their effort to be a responsible, caring father. The absence of their fathers was a prevalent factor that increased the devotion they have for their children.

The Conflation of Single Mothers and Prostitutes in Morocco

The Conflation of Single Mothers and Prostitutes in Morocco

Parenting Patterns of Single Parents Father's Against Child Psychology

This study uses a qualitative method. The collection technique used is using observation, interviews, and literature study. The research problems were analyzed using Structural-Functional Theory and Psychoanalytic Theory. The findings in this study are divided into two parts. First, the parenting pattern, the process of implementing the parenting style, the single parent Father takes care and educates the child by instilling values and norms, applying discipline, giving appreciation, providing religious education, meeting the physical needs of the child. In the process of parenting, there are obstacles and expectations of parents towards their children. Second, discussing the psychological implications for children, which can be seen in terms of children's moral behavior, children's personality and socialization, as well as children's play activities.