Single Farm Research Articles

Automatski uređaj za prihranu domaćih i divljih životinja na pašnjacima

This paper presents a prototype of an automatic feeder for domestic and wild animals in organic farming. A simple, self-contained domestic and wild animal feeder was presented that has fully autonomous operation for up to 60 days. Electricity can be supplied from the mains and from photo voltaic cells max 100 W. The food dosing process of the container can be done one or more times a day. The amount of food to be added can be selected, ie the same amount of concentrated food is dosed each day, or the amount of dosed food is increased or decreased over time. The results of testing the operation of the equipment in use were conducted on a single farm with several cows in organic farming. The monitoring of work in the period from May to October 2019 showed high reliability and complete independence in the operation of the automatic feeder for domestic and wild animals and that as such can be applied in organic breeding of domestic and wild animals.

Use of fever detection in combination with thoracic ultrasonography to identify respiratory disease, and compare treatments of antimicrobials and NSAID: a randomised study in dairy calves

BackgroundThis study explored the combined use of fever detection and thoracic ultrasonography to identify calves with early onset bovine respiratory disease (BRD). Thoracic ultrasonography was then used to assess the...

Impact of the Suissano Health Programme on antimicrobial usage on 291 pig farms in Switzerland

BackgroundIn 2015, in Switzerland the Suissano Health Programme was implemented in pig production to improve transparency for antimicrobial usage (AMU) and to reduce the usage of fluoroquinolones (FQ), macrolides and...

Scenario for structural development of livestock production in the Baltic littoral countries

Livestock production in developed countries has undergone profound changes in recent decades and this development seems to continue apace. One consequence is that manure is being — and will be — produced on fewer but larger farms. Data on the bulk of manure nutrients from each country are published by Eurostat, but it is not known how manure is distributed across farms of different sizes. This study 1) puts forward an estimate of the distribution of main manure nutrients between farms of different sizes, 2) estimates how this distribution will change in the near future and 3) discusses the land use effects of this development. Results suggest that by the year 2030 farms housing >500 livestock units will produce more than two-thirds of all manure phosphorus, whereas the proportion in 2010 was one-third. With the Nitrates Directive limiting the use of organic nitrate of manure, growing farms need to acquire, or conclude contracts for the use of, 4.9 million hectares from exiting farms or the open market in order to comply with manure spreading requirements. This shift will involve 64% of the total spreading area of 2010 and 15% of the total utilized agricultural area of the regions studied. In light of these predictions, international nutrient policies should consider the evolution of farm structure in general and manure phosphorus agglomeration in particular. Also salient is improved co-operation beyond the single farm level to ensure the functionality of crop-livestock systems.

The peculiar role of C/N and initial pH in anaerobic digestion of lactating and non-lactating water buffalo manure

Manure from lactating and non-lactating water buffaloes was separately collected from a single dairy farm and anaerobically digested under mesophilic conditions in batch mode to produce biogas. This substrate, scarcely studied in the literature, showed two peculiarities regarding two fundamental parameters in the digestion processes: C/N ratio and initial pH. Typically, optimal C/N varies from 20 to 30, but in this work an almost negligible role of this ratio is observed. We demonstrated it by investigating a very large C/N interval, from 9.7 to 50.1, not by adding selected nutrients to the system, but exploiting the natural variation of the substrate. Concerning the pH, we show that also typically considered unfavorable conditions are feasible for this substrate. In fact, though neutral-basic initial pH is proved to be optimal to run the digestion process, in line with many other kinds of dungs, also acid initial pH leads to satisfactory CH4 yield. This is principally related to the capability of water buffalo manure of auto-modifying the pH to neutrality during the digestion, when initial pH of 5.0 and 6.0 are considered. This aspect may be relevant in co-digestion processes with acid wastes, since it may allow not adding neither a buffer, nor a pH regulator to the system. All the digestion conditions are separately tested with lactating and non-lactating water buffaloes and no statistical meaningful differences exist between the two kinds of cattle.

Preliminary investigation of the effect of treating sheep during pregnancy with a vitamin A, D, E formulation on the incidence of vaginal prolapse

ABSTRACTAim: To determine if vitamin D3 treatment reduced the incidence of vaginal prolapse in pregnant sheep on a North Canterbury sheep breeding property.Methods: Pregnant ewes from a single farm were allocated to three treatment groups in May 2018. At this time, the first group (EarlyVitADE; n = 512) received an I/M 1 mL dose of 500,000 IU/mL vitamin D3, 60,000 IU/mL vitamin A, and 25 mg/mL vitamin E. This was repeated in July 2018, when the second group (LateVitADE; n = 695) also received the same treatment. The third group (n = 737) were untreated controls. All cases of vaginal prolapse on the property were recorded from pregnancy diagnosis in June 2018 until ewes were set-stocked in August 2018. The planned start of lambing was 10 August 2018.Results: During the period of observation, vaginal prolapses were recorded in 3/699 (0.4%) 2-year-old ewes, and the odds of vaginal prolapse were not associated with treatment group in these ewes (p > 0.3). Amongst ewes aged ≥3 years, during the same period, there were 6/333 (1.8%), 6/443 (1.4%) and 25/469 (5.3%) cases in the EarlyVitADE, LateVitADE and control groups, respectively. Compared to control ewes, the odds of vaginal prolapse were reduced in both the EarlyVitADE (OR = 0.37; 95% CI = 0.15–0.92) and LateVitADE (OR = 0.25; 95% CI = 0.10–0.62) treatment groups.Conclusions and clinical relevance: In this preliminary study, administration of injectable vitamins A, D3, and E to pregnant ewes reduced the incidence of vaginal prolapse during the period from pregnancy diagnosis to set-stocking on one North Canterbury hill-country farm. Due to the restricted data collection period, this investigation should be replicated to better quantify the repeatability of the observed treatment effect over the complete lambing period.

Community «soviet people» as the universal political identity of the Soviet Citizens

The article includes multivariate approaches to the interpretation of definitions identification and identity. Differentiation these concepts based on the conclusion that identity is understood as a certain state of the end result of self-identification. And by identification is meant the process that leads to identity as a state and is an identification of oneself with another person. Also we clarified the definition of political identification as a process of becoming an individual’s perception of himself and his place in the world. The study characterized the significance of the manifestation of a two-stage identity and antinomy structure in the process of political identification of society. In addition, the research assessed the impact of the political regime on identification capabilities. For example, in a democracy identification is translational, in an authoritarianism identification can be restricted by the state or imposed by leadership and influence groups. Under totalitarianism the state empowers itself to exercise a decisive collective choice in matters of political identification of the population without receiving their official consent and disregarding their preference. Moreover, the investigation considered in detail the process of forming a Soviet society based on the creation of a new historical community of the «Soviet people» as a supranational construct. The advantage of research is in detection of number of measures which used by the Soviet authorities concerning identify the «Soviet people» for the consolidation and unification of the population of the country (creation of a new format of Soviet schools and public movements characterized by ideological indoctrination and fostering devotion to the Soviet state, the restoration of symbiosis in a heterogeneous society through the territorial distribution of young professionals and men for military service, the formation of centers of interethnic contacts, relaying of unifying discourse through the media, creating «single national farms»). In the context of the study of the causes of the collapse of the USSR, we found that ignoring differences and forced identification, which was imposed by the ideological top of the USSR, only delayed the confrontation process both within society and with the political leadership of the country. Also, we have characterized causal relationship between compulsory identification and the collapse of the USSR. To sum up we can say that universalism in the approach to the formation of new supranational constructs without taking into account the universal system-forming factors of the nation has shown its non-viability in the long-term development of society and the state. As a result the historical community artificially created, which was based on forced collectivization and on proclaimed «cult of the people», and later on propagation didn`t become a viable social formation, which gave rise to a further crisis of identification, which provoked the growth of national-democratic tendencies.

An improved complex ICA based method for wind farm harmonic emission levels evaluation

Wind farms, as typical renewable energy infrastructure, provide clean energy to the power grid but also inevitably generate harmonic pollution. In the case of a multi-wind farms system, evaluating the harmonic emissions for each farm is essential for the division of harmonic responsibility and the design of the harmonic mitigation scheme. However, this evaluation process faces two challenges. First, the background harmonics of a single wind farm might be unstable. In addition, the harmonic impedance of wind farm side is reduced by the installation of filters. As a result, traditional evaluation methods are no longer applicable. Complex independent component analysis is a well-known method for evaluating harmonic emissions. To make this method feasible in the above situations, we analyze its shortcomings. Furthermore, an improved method is proposed by introducing two screening mechanisms based on sparse component analysis and the maximization of hybrid negentropy. Additionally, the results of simulations and field case verification indicate that the traditional methods have large calculation errors when the background harmonics fluctuate greatly or the harmonic impedance of the wind farm side is not far larger than that of the utility side. In contrast, our novel evaluation method has high precision in the above cases.

Short communication: Bovine mastitis caused by a multidrug-resistant, mcr-1-positive (colistin-resistant), extended-spectrum β-lactamase–producing Escherichia coli clone on a Greek dairy farm

We performed a survey aimed at analyzing milk samples collected from cows with mastitis for the presence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli. Single-quarter mastitic milk samples obtained from 400 cows in 23 Greek dairy herds with a history of E. coli mastitis were processed for the selective isolation of ESBL-producing E. coli. The antimicrobial susceptibility of the ESBL-producing isolates was analyzed using agar disk diffusion, and minimum inhibitory concentrations of colistin were determined by broth microdilution. We used PCR followed by DNA sequencing to characterize the β-lactamases and mcr-1 (colistin resistance) genes, and for phylotyping and multilocus sequence typing. We found a total of 89/400 (22.25%) E. coli isolates from 12/23 (52%) farms. Six isolates originating from 6 cows on a single farm were ESBL producers and were resistant to cefquinome, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, aztreonam, ampicillin, and colistin. Five of these isolates were resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and 5 to streptomycin. The 6 ESBL producers were mcr-1-positive and carried blaTEM-1 genes; 3 also carried blaCTX-M genes, and 3 carried blaSHV genes. All of the ESBL producers belonged to phylogroup A, multilocus sequence type ST666 (n = 5), or a single locus variant of ST666 (n = 1). To our knowledge, this is the first report of endemic bovine mastitis caused by mcr-1-positive, ESBL-producing E. coli. These results highlight the value of active surveillance of antimicrobial resistance not commonly tested by diagnostic laboratories for the early detection of novel resistant strains.

Integrated farming systems for prosperity of marginal farmers and sustainable agriculture: a roadmap for India

Agriculture in India and other Asian countries is facing multiple and complex challenges which are expected to become severe with the passage of time. Some major challenges are sustainability of natural resources, impact of climate change and decline in factor productivity. Besides, declining trend in size of land holding poses a serious challenge to the profitability and sustainability of farming. In view of the decline in per capita availability of land, it is imperative to develop strategies and agricultural technologies that enable adequate employment and income generation, especially for smallholders (farmers with < 2.0 ha land) who constitute the vast majority of the farming community in the developing world. No single farm enterprise, such as a typical monocropping system, is likely to be able to sustain the smallholder farmer. Integrated farming systems (IFS) are less risky if managed efficiently, as they benefit from synergisms among enterprises, diversity in produce, and environmental soundness. On this basis, IFS have been suggested for the development of small and marginal farms across Asia, and researchers have developed strategies which have benefitted smallholder farmers by providing additional income and employment and minimizing risk. However, these IFS have not been promulgated and promoted effectively. The present review helps solve this by providing comprehensive information on innovative concepts, approaches and strategies for promotion of IFS for small-holder farmers, which is lacking at present.

Creating a synthetic landscape: Spatial allocation of non-spatial single farm data

Spatially explicit farm data are often not available for farm level studies and models, limiting the accuracy of simulating environmental impacts and posing limitations to agent-based models that simulate spatial decisions under explicit consideration of neighborhood effects (e.g. as on a land market). For large regions, such as the whole EU, different approaches have been developed to address this problem, e.g. by downscaling economic model results to lower-level administrative regions or by spatially allocating farm types to homogenous spatial entities. For smaller regions and if interactions between farms have to be considered, these approaches are too coarse.Some studies make use of a synthetic landscape approach for this scale and type of analysis. Farms are placed on a grid of the area under study by ensuring that the localization of the farms fulfills the area claims of the farms. Available approaches use relatively simple techniques by considering only the grassland share in the total area of farms or farm types and use a relatively coarse resolution (1ha*1ha). In this article, we present a method for improving the synthetic landscape approach, by considering landscape parameters in the allocation of farms, using a finer resolution (25m*25m) and introducing allocation quality indicators that allow for an assessment of the overall allocation result. For the German case study region Ostprignitz-Ruppin (NUT3 administrative level), the approach delivered a relatively high overall allocation quality. We conclude that the farm maps generated by our method can be used by mathematical optimization models or agent-based models to improve their capability of simulating spatial decisions and effects. The transferability of the method to other regions is possible, subject to data availability and the type of analysis targeted.

Co-creating formalized models: Participatory modelling as method and process in transdisciplinary research and its impact potentials

The key challenge for transdisciplinary research aiming to integrate social and scientific knowledge is to produce societal and scientific impacts at the same time. Participatory modelling is a method that uses models in three ways: as a means to generate knowledge, to achieve knowledge integration and to enable societal impact. Agent-based modelling is a computer simulation technique that allows for simulating different actors as agents, the socioeconomic and natural environment they are embedded in, and the interactions among agents and between agents and their environment.This paper presents projects developing agent-based models of Austrian regions with single farm households as agents. The models simulate how changes in socioeconomic and political conditions affect patterns of land use, agricultural production and the socioeconomic situation within this region. Farm households and their decision-making process with its ecological, economic and social implications represent the basis of the agent-based models. We discuss how and why participatory modelling can help foster the impact potentials of transdisciplinary research and what the limitations of the different types of models are.We show that participatory modelling allows for the integration of the most relevant issues in the models and for the development of scenarios and strategies together with the stakeholders. Participatory modelling shows its strength in structuring communication on future scenarios and recommendations for action towards reaching the targets of the various groups involved in transdisciplinary research. Stakeholders can use the model for effective discussion and education processes to find sustainable pathways in agricultural development.

Integrated Risk Assessment: Case Study of Lithuanian Family Farms

This study is designed to develop the tool for risk assessment under the integrated approach. Analyzing risk several problems are encountered: the first one arises at the farm level – assessment of risk in the whole-farm context rather than in a partial context, i.e. an integrated risk assessment tool is necessary. The second problem is related to the dynamic aspect when determining how the risk changes over time and what the main drivers of these changes are. All these problems are solved in the presented research, creating an integrated risk assessment index (IRAI) and testing it in Lithuanian family farms. This index assesses four types of risk: economic, financial, production, and political. The research methodology is developed to make sure that the data collected on the IRAI behavior is as diverse as possible. A model of IRAI variation by farm size illustrating risk evolution at the Lithuanian farms and, at the same time, enabling visual diversification of the dependence of integrated risk on farm size is developed. Hierarchical cluster analysis is applied for identification of the integrated risk evolution models. Assessment of the interaction between the IRAIand output and input using nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis testis used to find out whether the type of integrated risk is based on differential logic. IRAI was tested using official statistical data of 1300 family farms collected in 2004–2013 for institutional purposes. The testing revealed that the designed IRAI allows identifying types of farms by their risk evolvement profiles and the key risk (s) acting on the farm in the historical period. Four meaningful clusters representing the changing pattern of the risk are identified during the testing of IRAI: increasing risk farms; reducing risk farms; relatively constant risk farms; varying risk farms. IRAI can be applied both for macro analysis (at a national, EU or other levels) and microanalysis (at the level of a single farm).

Epidemiological analysis of Trueperella abortisuis isolated from cases of pig abortion of a single farm.

The present study was designed to characterize six Trueperella (T.) abortisuis strains, cultured over a period of 5 months from fetus and abortion material of six pigs of a single farm in Mecklenburg-West Pomerania federal state, Germany. It was of interest to investigate the epidemiological relationships of the six strains among each other and whether a single bacterial clone was responsible for the abortion situation of the single farm. All six strains were identified phenotypically, by MALDI-TOF MS analysis and by phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene and gap (encoding the glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase) and tuf (encoding elongation factor tu) gene sequencing. Further genotypic comparison was performed using different genomic DNA fingerprint methods including BOX-PCR, (GTG)5-PCR, and three RAPD-PCRs. The sequence analysis of the genes gap and tuf and the genomic DNA fingerprinting results revealed, as noval findings, that the six T. abortisuis strains cultured from a single farm represent six different bacterial clones showing a genetic variability of this bacterial species in the pig population. All six T. abortisuis strains were isolated in mixed culture with several other bacterial species. However, the T. abortisuis strain, generally found in high numbers, seemed to be responsible for the abortion situation in the farm.

Farm systems analysis of two thistles of differing seasonal pasture growth impacts in North Island hill country

Models for infestations of Californian thistle (Cirsium arvense) and variegated thistle (Silybum marianum) were used to modify fortnightly pasture growth forecasts using Agricultural Production Systems simulator software using climate and soil data from a single farm (Tangihanga Station) over four aspects and three slope classes. Modelling using Farmax software was used to estimate profitability using the current farm enterprises with or without either the Californian or variegated thistles. Modelled pasture production, based on field observations of thistle infestation, was similar to estimates using animal intake (from Farmax). Californian thistle reduced pasture production in summer and autumn, while variegated thistle reduced autumn, winter and spring pasture growth. Californian thistle had a much greater overall presence (20%) than variegated thistle (9%). Both types of thistle reduced the potential to finish lambs in summer and reduced ewe wintering numbers, while the presence of Californian thistles also reduced over-wintering cattle numbers, by reducing summer-autumn pasture accumulation. Cost of control for Californian thistle ($233/ha) over two years was higher than for variegated thistle ($184/ha) over four years. Net profitability was reduced by 24% ($87/ha) by the presence of Californian thistle, and by 37% ($135/ha) by the presence of variegated thistle.

Characterisation of fungal contamination sources for use in quality management of cheese production farms in Korea.

ObjectiveThis study was conducted to determine the composition and diversity of the fungal flora at various control points in cheese ripening rooms of 10 dairy farms from six different provinces in the Republic of Korea.MethodsFloor, wall, cheese board, room air, cheese rind and core were sampled from cheese ripening rooms of ten different dairy farms. The molds were enumerated using YM petrifilm, while isolation was done on yeast extract glucose chloramphenicol agar plates. Morphologically distinct isolates were identified using sequencing of internal transcribed spacer region.ResultsThe fungal counts in 8 out of 10 dairy farms were out of acceptable range, as per hazard analysis critical control point regulation. A total of 986 fungal isolates identified and assigned to the phyla Ascomycota (14 genera) and Basidiomycota (3 genera). Of these Penicillium, Aspergillus, and Cladosporium were the most diverse and predominant. The cheese ripening rooms was overrepresented in 9 farms by Penicillium (76%), while Aspergillus in a single farm. Among 39 species, the prominent members were Penicillium commune, P. oxalicum, P. echinulatum, and Aspergillus versicolor. Most of the mold species detected on surfaces were the same found in the indoor air of cheese ripening rooms.ConclusionThe environment of cheese ripening rooms persuades a favourable niche for mold growth. The fungal diversity in the dairy farms were greatly influenced by several factors (exterior atmosphere, working personnel etc.,) and their proportion varied from one to another. Proper management of hygienic and production practices and air filtration system would be effective to eradicate contamination in cheese processing industries.

Surveying the Sweetpotato Rhizosphere, Endophyte, and Surrounding Soil Microbiomes at Two North Carolina Farms Reveals Underpinnings of Sweetpotato Microbiome Community Assembly

Farmers grow sweetpotatoes worldwide and some sub-Saharan African and Asian diets include sweetpotato as a staple, yet the sweetpotato microbiome is conspicuously less studied relative to crops such as maize, soybean, and wheat. Studying sweetpotato microbiome ecology may reveal paths to engineer the microbiome to improve sweetpotato yield, and/or combat sweetpotato pests and diseases. We sampled sweetpotatoes and surrounding soil from two North Carolina farms. We took samples from sweetpotato fields under two different land management regimes, conventional and organic, and collected two sweetpotato cultivars, ‘Beauregard’ and ‘Covington’. By comparing small subunit rRNA gene amplicon sequence profiles from sweetpotato storage root skin, rhizosphere, and surrounding soil, we found the skin microbiome possessed the least composition heterogeneity among samples, lowest alpha-diversity, and was significantly nested by the rhizosphere in amplicon sequence variant (ASV) membership. Many ASVs were specific to a single field and/or only found in either the skin, rhizosphere, or surrounding soil. Notably, sweetpotato skin enriched for Planctomycetaceae in relative abundance at both farms. This study elucidates underpinnings of sweetpotato microbiome community assembly, quantifies microbiome composition variance within a single farm, and reveals microorganisms associated with sweetpotato skin that belong to common but uncultured soil phylotypes. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2020 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0 International license .

Effects of colostrum and milk replacer feeding rates on intake, growth, and digestibility in calves

Newborn Holstein male calves (n = 50) born on a single dairy farm were assigned randomly at birth to receive 3 feedings of 1.8 L of pooled maternal colostrum (MC) at 1, 6, and 12 h of age or 1 feeding of 500 g of a colostrum replacer reconstituted to 1.8 L at 1 h of age, followed by 2 feedings of 227 g of a commercial milk replacer (MR) reconstituted to 1.8 L at 6 and 12 h of age (CR). All feedings were administered by esophageal feeder. At 2 to 3 d of age, calves were transported to the experimental facility and assigned within colostrum group to receive 0.66 kg/d dry matter (DM) of MR to 39 d, and then 0.33 kg/d to 42 d (MRM) or 0.77 kg/d of MR DM to d 13, 1.03 kg/d for 22 d, and 0.51 kg/d for 7 d (MRH). The MR contained 25.8% crude protein and 17.6% crude fat (DM basis) and was based on whey proteins and lard as the primary fat source. Calf starter (21.7% crude protein, 15.7% neutral detergent fiber, 37.4% starch, DM basis) and water were available for ad libitum consumption throughout the 56-d study. Serum IgG and total protein were measured at 2 to 3 d of age. Intakes of MR and calf starter were monitored daily. Calf health and fecal scores were also monitored daily. Body weight was measured weekly, and hip width and body condition score were monitored every 2 wk. Digestion of DM, organic matter, crude protein, and ether extract were determined at 1 and 3 wk from 5 calves randomly selected within treatment and using chromic oxide as a digestibility marker added to the MR. Calves fed CR had lower serum IgG and total protein than calves fed MC. Also, calves fed CR grew more slowly, consumed less calf starter, and were less efficient to 56 d than calves fed MC. The number of days calves were treated with veterinary medications was higher when calves were fed CR. Calves fed MC-MRH gained more BW than other calves from 3 to 8 wk of age. Calves fed CR-MRH consumed less calf starter than other calves during wk 7 and 8. Digestion of nutrients at 1 and 3 wk of the study was unaffected by type of colostrum or level of MR fed and did not change from 1 to 3 wk. Over the first 2 mo of life, the calves fed MRH consumed less calf starter than calves fed MRM, but average daily gain or hip width change did not differ. One feeding of CR followed by 2 feedings of MR in the first 24 h likely reduced absorption of IgG from CR and contributed to differences in health and growth. Differences in animal performance observed in this study were unrelated to MR digestibility.

To Effectively Control the Workload by Hierarchical Approach

The productive administration of geologically dispersed server farms has turned into an imperative issue not just for huge organizations that claim a few destinations, yet additionally because of the rising of between Cloud foundations that permit heterogeneous server farms to coordinate. These conditions open phenomenal roads for the help of a colossal measure of workload, yet they require the meaning of novel calculations and methodology for their administration, where adaptability is a need. The intricacy determines by the span of the framework and by the requirement for achieving a few and some of the time clashing objectives, among which: stack adjusting among various destinations, anticipation of dangers, workload union, and decrease of costs, expended vitality and carbon outflows. In this paper a various leveled approach is displayed, which protects the self-rule of single server farms and in the meantime takes into consideration a coordinated administration of heterogeneous platforms. The system is deliberately nonexclusive yet can be customized to the particular prerequisites of single situations. Exhibitions are examined for a particular Cloud framework made out of four server farms.

The best wildflowers for wild bees

Governmental agri-environment schemes (AES) aim to improve pollinator abundance and diversity on farmland by sowing wildflower seed mixes. These often contain high proportions of Fabaceae, particularly Trifolium (clovers), which are attractive to some bumblebee species, but not to most of the ~ 240 solitary bee species in the UK. Here we identify wildflowers that are attractive to a greater range of wild bee species. Forty-five wildflower species being farmed for commercial seed production on a single farm were surveyed for native bees. Bee walks were conducted through discrete wildflower areas from April until August in 2018. The results indicate that including a range of Apiaceae, Asteraceae, and Geraniaceae in seed mixes would cater for a wide diversity of bee species. A total of 14 wildflower species across nine families attracted 37 out of the 40 bee species recorded on the farm, and accounted for 99.7% of all visitations. Only two of these 14 species are included in current AES pollinator mixes. Unexpectedly, few visits were made by bumblebees to Trifolium spp. (0.5%), despite their being considered an important food source for bumblebees, while Anthyllis vulneraria and Geranium pratense were highly attractive. For solitary bees, Crepis capillaris, Sinapsis arvensis, Convolvulus arvensis and Chaerophyllum temulum were amongst the best performing species, none of which are usually included in sown flower mixes. We suggest that the standard ‘pollinator’ mixes used in AES might be updated to include some of these wildflower species, and trialled as seed mixes on farmland.