Single Correlation Analysis Research Articles

Deoxyribonuclease 1-like 3 may be a potential prognostic biomarker associated with immune infiltration in colon cancer.

Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is a common cancer of the digestive system. It’s high morbidity and mortality make it one of the leading causes of cancer deaths. In this study, we studied the microenvironment of colon cancer to find new diagnostic markers and immunotherapy targets for colon cancer. Tumor purity of colon cancer samples in TCGA database were obtained by ESTIMATE algorithm. Then, we analyzed the association of Immune, Stromal, and Estimate scores with tumor prognosis and clinicopathological features. By comparing the gene expression profiles between tumor and normal samples, the high and low immune score groups, 117 intersecting differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained. The function, molecular pathway, and prognostic value of these 117 DEGs pointed toward the importance of deoxyribonuclease 1-like 3 (DNASE1L3). Validation results from multiple databases showed low expression of DNASE1L3 in colon cancer. A single GSEA and correlation analysis of immune cells indicated that DNASE1L3 was closely related to immunity. The low expression of DNASE1L3 in colon cancer samples was measured with qRT-PCR. The scratch and cell proliferation experiments suggested that DNASE1L3 may affect cell migration. Therefore, we concluded that DNASE1L3 might be a biomarker associated with prognosis and immune infiltration in colon cancer.

Identifying Controlling Factors of Bioaccumulation of Selected Metal(loid)s in Various Soil–Cereal Crop Systems within Cultivated Fluvisols

The paired Fluvisol and cereal samples in both the field screening and controlled experiments are reported to elucidate the soil–crop relationship for As, Cd, and Pb in relation to changing contamination levels. Significant varietal differences in plant uptake were observed for crop type (barley, triticale) and the harvested part of the crop (oat shoots and grain). When parametrizing the stepwise regression models, the inclusion of soil properties often improved the performance of soil–crop models but diverse critical soil parameters were retained in the model for individual metal(loid)s. The pH value was often a statistically significant variable for Cd uptake. For As and Pb, the more successful model fit was achieved using the indicators of quantity or quality of soil organic matter, but always with lower inherent model reliability compared to Cd. Further, a single correlation analysis was used to investigate the relationship between extractable metal concentrations in soil solution and their crop accumulation. For Cd, there were strong intercorrelations among single extractions, the NH4NO3 extraction stood out with perfect correlation with plant uptake in both experiments. For As and Pb, the CaCl2 and Na2EDTA solutions outperformed other single extractions and were the better choice for the assessment of depositional fluvial substrates.

ALDH2 rs671 Is Associated With Elevated FPG, Reduced Glucose Clearance and Hepatic Insulin Resistance in Japanese Men.

A recent meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies data from East Asians identified aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) rs671 as a susceptibility variant for type 2 diabetes in males. To investigate the association between ALDH2 rs671 and metabolic characteristics. We studied 94 nonobese, nondiabetic, Japanese men. Using a 2-step hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, we evaluated insulin sensitivity in muscle and liver. Intrahepatic lipid and fat distribution were measured using 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy and magnetic resonance imaging, respectively. We divided participants into a risk-carrying group with ALDH2 rs671 G/G (n = 53) and a nonrisk-carrying group with ALDH2 rs671 G/A or A/A (n = 41). The risk-carrying group had significantly higher levels of alcohol consumption (18.4 [interquartile range, IQR, 10.4-48.9]) vs 12.1 (IQR, 1.3-29.0) g/day; P = .003), elevated fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (97.5 ± 7.9 vs 93.5 ± 6.2 mg/dL; P = .010), lower hepatic insulin sensitivity (61.7 ± 20.5% vs 73.1 ± 15.9%; P = .003), and lower fasting glucose clearance (0.84 ± 0.8 dL·m-2·min-1 vs 0.87 ± 0.09 dL·m-2·min-1; P = .047) than the nonrisk-carrying group, while insulin resistance in muscle and body fat distribution were similar. The single linear correlation analysis revealed significant correlations between alcohol consumption and hepatic insulin sensitivity (r = -0.262, P = .011), fasting glucose clearance (r = -0.370, P < .001), or FPG (r = 0.489, P < .001). The multiple regression analysis revealed that both ALDH2 rs671 G/G genotype and alcohol consumption were significant independent correlates for hepatic insulin sensitivity, whereas only alcohol consumption was a significant independent correlate for fasting glucose clearance. Our data suggest that high-alcohol intake-dependent and independent hepatic insulin resistance and reduced fasting glucose clearance due to high alcohol intake could be a relatively upstream metabolic abnormality in ALDH2 rs671 G/G carriers.

Relationship between forward propulsion and foot motion during gait in healthy young adults

The foot contributes to propulsion and postural stability function by changing its morphology during walking through the truss/windlass mechanisms. We quantified the truss mechanism regarding foot stiffness and the windlass mechanism regarding the movement coordination between the foot arch and metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint. We aimed to clarify the relationship of these mechanisms with propulsive force and static foot alignment. Forty-eight healthy young adults participated and walked at a comfortable speed. The ground reaction force (GRF), ankle power, and sagittal plane motion of the foot arch and MTP joint were recorded using a three-dimensional motion analysis system. The vertical GRF and foot arch motion were used to quantify foot stiffness as the truss coefficient, and the foot arch and first MTP joint were used to quantify movement coordination as the windlass coefficient. The Foot Posture Index (FPI) and arch height index (AHI) were used to assess static foot alignment. A canonical correlation analysis was performed using the foot- and gait-related index group, and then a single-correlation analysis was performed. The canonical correlation analysis showed that a composite variable consisting of FPI, AHI, and the truss coefficient was related to the anterior GRF (A-GRF) and ankle power. The truss coefficient was positively correlated with A-GRF and ankle power, whereas the windlass coefficient was positively correlated with ankle power. Therefore, the truss and windlass coefficients can be used as indices to evaluate foot function, suggesting that maintaining foot stiffness and foot arch coordination with the first MTP joint is important for propulsion.

Four-lncRNA immune prognostic signature for triple-negative breast cancer Running title: Immune lncRNAs predict prognosis of TNBC.

We aimed to explore key immune-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and their effect in predicting of prognosis of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Four datasets of TNBC were downloaded from TCGA and GEO databases. ImmPort database was utilized to acquire immune-related mRNAs. Single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) and correlation analysis were utilized to screen immune-related lncRNAs. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were utilized to screen independent prognostic lncRNAs to establish prognostic risk model, and the model was evaluated by survival analysis and nomogram. Differential functions and immune cells infiltration in high and low risk group were analyzed by Gene set variation analysis and ssGSEA. Finally, competitive endogenous RNAs was constructed. We revealed 62 immune-related lncRNAs, of which four lncRNAs (RP11-890B15.3, RP11-1024P17.1, MFI2-AS1 and RP11-180N14.1) had independent prognostic value. These four lncRNAs-based prognostic risk model could stratify the TNBC patients into high and low risk groups, and patients with high risk displayed unfavorable outcomes. Nomogram indicated that the prognostic model could indicate TNBC patients survival very well. We further found that high risk group showed significantly enriched immune response to tumor cell, humoral immune response and high infiltrating abundance of regulatory T cell, Type 2 T helper cell, eosinophil, etc. LncRNAs RP11-180N14.1, RP11-1024P17.1 and RP11-890B15.3 regulated more mRNAs by targeting various miRNAs. While MFI2-AS1 regulated three mRNAs by sponging miR-3150a-3p. These four lncRNAs were prognostic biomarkers and could be possible therapeutic targets in TNBC.

Monitoring method for femtosecond laser modification of silicon carbide via acoustic emission techniques

The interaction between femtosecond laser (fs-laser) and silicon carbide (SiC) is complex, and it will form various modified surface structures related to the physical phenomena of melting, evaporation and plasma. Acoustic emission (AE) is used as a non-destructive real-time detection method that can capture local changes in materials and monitor the process of fs-laser modification of silicon carbide. In this paper, AE analysis, including single parameter analysis, correlation analysis and short time Fourier transform (STFT), are used to analyze the process of laser modified SiC. The relationships between material removal, surface structure characteristics, surface defects and AE signals are established. Results indicate that the material removal of SiC surface ablated by fs-laser increases with the laser fluence, which results in the increase of MARSE and high-frequency component scatters (300 ∼ 400 kHz) as well as the dramatic change of Root Mean Square (RMS). The different surface structures formed on the SiC are classified and characterized by AE signals. The similar modified surface structure causes signal scatter to overlap, proving that the clustering characteristics of the AE signals are closely related to the modified surface structures. The color change of frequency components in the STFT spectrum is related to the surface defects generated in the process of fs-laser modification. The larger the laser fluence irradiate on the area, the more evenly the color are distributed.

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography of the Macula in Patients with Primary Angle-Closure Glaucoma

Background: The retinal microvasculature within the macula in glaucomatous eyes is not clear. Objectives: To detect macular vessel density (MVD) changes in primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG). Methods: Twenty-two PACG patients who had an episode of acute primary angle closure were included. Structural optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans were conducted to measure the thickness of the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer and macular ganglion cell complex (GCC). The MVD was measured with OCT angiography. Results: A weakened macular microvascular network that had an expanded fovea avascular zone was observed in the case group. Compared with the control group, the case group had a lower MVD (p < 0.001). Single correlation analysis revealed a significant correlation of the MVD with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) (r = −0.65, p = 0.001), GCC (r = 0.50, p = 0.018), and the visual field mean deviation (r = −0.54, p = 0.009) in the case group. Moreover, in the mixed-effect models, the MVD was found to be positively correlated with GCC (p = 0.017) and negatively correlated with LogMar BCVA (p < 0.001). Conclusions: After an acute angle-closure attack, the macular microvascular network is attenuated, and the MVD decreases significantly.

243 years of reconstructed streamflow volume and identification of extreme hydroclimatic events in the Conchos River Basin, Chihuahua, Mexico

The extreme hydroclimatic events in the Conchos River Basin, are strongly associated with ocean–atmospheric phenomena such as the El Nino Southern Oscillation, Pacific Decadal Oscillation, and Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation, the streamflow reconstruction showed the occurrence of up to 10-year droughts. Dendrochronology is a modern science used to study hydroclimatic events through the measurement and standardization of tree-rings. Long-term dendrochronological series contribute to the improvement of our knowledge of past climatic events and provide information for wise management of water resources. The objective of this study was to generate an actualized streamflow volume reconstruction with a regional chronology and identify extreme hydroclimatic events in the Conchos River Basin. We analyzed the hydroclimatic behavior of the streamflow volume through a dendrochronological network in the Basin. The regional earlywood chronology was analyzed by single correlation and principal component analysis, which allowed obtaining the transfer model to determine extreme hydroclimatic events and defined the influence of large-scale ocean–atmospheric phenomena. Nine earlywood series showed a common variance and responded significantly (r = 0.68, n = 67, p < 0.05) to the water volume accumulated in the November–June period measured the water inflow to the Boquilla Dam. From that correlation, a 243-year (1775–2017) streamflow reconstruction was made. The hydrological analysis of the reconstruction showed the occurrence of up to 10-year long drought—from 1948 to 1957—and a period with maximum moisture between 1983 and 1994 with a probability of occurrence of 4.16% (24 year frequency). We found significant correlations between the reconstructed streamflow volumes and the Southern Oscillation Index (r = 0.52, p < 0.05, n = 203); Multivariate El Nino Southern Oscillation Index (r = 0.32, p < 0.05, n = 68), the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (r = 0.39, p < 0.05, n = 118), and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (0.32, p < 0.05, n = 70). The observed correlations with the drought indices such as the Palmer Drought Severity Index and Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index were also significant (r = 0.75, r = 0.77, p < 0.05, respectively). Our historical reconstruction of streamflow in the Conchos River basin contributes to a better understanding of the frequency of extreme hydroclimatic events affecting water availability in this binational basin.

HUBUNGAN KELINCAHAN, KELENTUKAN, KECEPATAN DAN KOORDINASI DENGAN KETERAMPILAN MENGGIRING BOLA DALAM PERMAINAN SEPAKBOLA

This study aims to determine the relationship of the relationship between agility, flexibility, speed and coordination with dribbling skills in football games. This research is a descriptive correlational type of research. The study population was all male students of class XI of SMA Negeri 2 Makassar with a total sample of 150 male students who were selected by random sampling. The data analysis technique used is a single correlation analysis technique and the correlation of four predators. Based on the results of data analysis, this study concluded that: There was a significant relationship between agility and dribbling skills in football, (ro = 0.508&gt; rt = 0.220); There is a significant relationship between flexibility and dribbling skills in football, (ro = 0.693&gt; rt = 0.195); There is a significant relationship between speed and dribbling skills in football (ro = 0.693&gt; rt = 0.195); There is a significant relationship between coordination with dribbling skills in the game of football (ro = 0.693&gt; rt = 0.195); There is a significant relationship between agility, flexibility, speed and coordination with dribbling skills in football (ro = 0.693&gt; rt = 0.195).

HUBUNGAN KESEIMBANGAN, DAN KELENTUKAN DENGAN KEMAMPUAN SEPAK SILA PADA PERMAINAN SEPAKTAKRAW

This study aims to obtain answers to the problems of the relationship of balance, and flexibility with the ability of sila in SMP Negeri 1 Sungguminasa, Gowa Regency. This research is descriptive of two independent variables and one dependent variable. The population and sample were students of SMP Negeri 1 Sungguminasa, Gowa Regency, selected by random sampling, a sample of 30 people was obtained. The data analysis technique used is single correlation analysis and multiple correlation using computer facilities through the SPSS program. Based on the results of data analysis, it can be concluded as follows: (1) There is a balance relationship with the ability of football in the State Junior High School 1 Sungguminasa, Gowa Regency, with a r count (ro) = 0.649 (P &lt;0.05). (2) There is a relationship between flexibility and the ability to play soccer in SMP Negeri 1 Sungguminasa, Gowa Regency, with a r count (ro) = 0.578 (P &lt;0.05). (3) There is a relationship of equilibrium, and flexibility with the ability to play football at the State Junior High School 1 in Sungguminasa, Gowa Regency, with a calculated R value (Ro) = 0.672 (P &lt;0.05).

Bearing Fault Feature Selection Method Based on Weighted Multidimensional Feature Fusion

Rolling bearing is one of the most critical components in rotating machinery, so in order to efficiently select features, reduce feature dimensions and improve the correctness of fault diagnosis, a feature selection and fusion method based on weighted multi-dimensional feature fusion is proposed. Firstly, features are extracted from different domains to constitute the original high-dimensional feature set. Considering the large number of invalid and redundant features contained in such original feature set, a feature selection process that combines with support vector machine (SVM) single feature evaluation, correlation analysis and principal component analysis-weighted load evaluation (PCA-WLE) is put forward in this paper for selecting sensitive features. The selected features are weighted and fused according to their sensitivity so as to further weaken the interference of low important features. Finally, this process is applied to the data provided by the Case Western Reserve University Bearing Data Center and Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Mechanical Engineering, respectively, and the fault is diagnosed by using the particle swarm optimization-support vector machine (PSO-SVM). The results show that this method can accurately identify different fault categories and degrees of bearing, which is superior and practical than single-domain fault diagnosis with higher recognition ability.

Single cell correlation analysis of liquid and solid biopsies in metastatic colorectal cancer.

As cancer care is transitioning to personalized therapies with necessary complementary or companion biomarkers there is significant interest in determining to what extent non-invasive liquid biopsies reflect the gold standard solid biopsy. We have established an approach for measuring patient-specific circulating and solid cell concordance by introducing tumor touch preparations to the High-Definition Single Cell Analysis workflow for high-resolution cytomorphometric characterization of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Subgroups of cells based on size, shape and protein expression were identified in both liquid and solid biopsies, which overall displayed high inter- and intra- patient pleomorphism at the single-cell level of analysis. Concordance of liquid and solid biopsies was patient-dependent and between 0.1-0.9. Morphometric variables displayed particularly high correlation, suggesting that circulating cells do not represent distinct subpopulations from the solid tumor. This was further substantiated by significant decrease in concentration of circulating cells after mCRC resection. Combined with the association of circulating cells with tumor burden and necrosis of hepatic lesions, our overall findings demonstrate that liquid biopsy cells can be informative biomarkers in the mCRC setting. Patient-specific level of concordance can readily be measured to establish the utility of circulating cells as biomarkers and define biosignatures for liquid biopsy assays.

Sprinting Ability as an Important Indicator of Performance in Elite Long-Distance Runners.

Increases in maximal oxygen uptake (V˙O2max) and running economy improve performance in long-distance runners. Nevertheless, long-distance runners require sprinting ability to win, especially in the final phase of competitions. The authors determined the relationships between performance and sprinting ability, as well as other abilities in elite long-distance runners. The subjects were 12 elite long-distance runners. Mean official seasonal best times in 5000-m (5000 m-SB) and 10,000-m (10,000 m-SB) races within 1 year before or after the examination were 13:58.5 (0:18.7) and 28:37.9 (0:25.2) (mean [SD]), respectively. The authors measured 100-m and 400-m sprint times as the index of sprinting ability. They also measured V˙O2max and running economy (V˙O2 at 300m·min-1 of running velocity). They used a single correlation analysis to assess relationships between 5000m-SB or 10,000m-SB and other elements. There were significant correlations between 5000 m-SB was significantly correlated with 100-m sprint time (13.3 [0.7]s; r = .68, P = .014), 400-m sprint time (56.6 [2.7]s; r = .69, P = .013), and running economy (55.5 [3.9]mL·kg-1·min-1; r = .59, P = .045). There were significant correlations between 10,000m-SB and 100-m sprint time (r = .72, P = .009) and 400-m sprint time (r = .85, P < .001). However, there was no significant correlation between 5000m-SB or 10,000m-SB and V˙O2max (72.0 [3.8]mL·kg-1·min-1). The authors' data suggest that sprinting ability is an important indicator of performance in elite long-distance runners.

A Novel Main-Lobe Cancellation Method Based on a Single Notch Space Filter and Optimized Correlation Analysis Strategy

The high-frequency hybrid sky-surface wave radar (HFSSWR) is a new kind of over-the-horizon radar system. Combining the advantages of both the sky wave radar and the surface wave radar, HFSSWR has drawn much attention in recent years. But the new system also brings new challenges. One of the most severe problems is that the heterogeneous environment makes a big challenge for the sea clutter suppression processing. Due to the nonstationary properties of the ionosphere, the first-order sea clutter statistics change significantly among range bins. So the new efficient sea clutter suppression method is required, and the clutter characteristics analyses are also in urgent need of research in order to guide the design of the algorithm in the background of HFSSWR. In this paper, utilizing the measured data set, we first analyse the range and spatial characteristics of the nonhomogeneous first-order sea clutter in HFSSWR. Then, an improved main-lobe cancellation (IMLC) method based on single notch space filter and correlation analysis is proposed to get training data which contains precise clutter information. A main-lobe clutter canceller based on the single notch space filter has been developed to block the target component, and an optimized correlation analysis (OCA) strategy is presented to choose the efficient training data. Finally, the method is examined by measured data and the results indicate that the method has a good performance for broadening first-order sea clutter suppression than the traditional method.

Karakteristik Pori dan Hubungannya dengan Permeabilitas pada Tanah Vertisol Asal Jeneponto Sulawesi Selatan

This study aims to determine the characteristics of soil pores and therelationship of pore characteristics with soil permeability. Soil samples were collected from Punagaya Village, Bangkala District, Jeneponto Regency, South Sulawesi. Soil samples were taken from 20 observation points representing two types of land use ie cultivated land and fallow field at a depth of 0-60 cm. Soil analysis (pH, organic material, C-organic, cation exchange capacity, bulk density and soil texture), Pore characteristics(porosity, pore distribution and pore stability), and permeability. Analysis of soil properties and pore characteristics was descriptive, while the relationship between pore characteristics and permeability was analyzed by single or multiple regression and correlation analysis. The results showed that the permeability of soil vertisol 0.29 cm/h (slow) and the average value of soil pore characteristics of vertisol as follows: porosity ranged 56.49%, fast drainage pore 4.35%, water pore available 17.8% And 32.5% micro pores, and 36.46% pore stability. Based on the regression and correlation test, it is known that Porosity and porosity and pore stability index have the greatest influence on permeability.

Assessing the predictability of MLR models for long-term streamflow using lagged climate indices as predictors: a case study of NSW (Australia)

Abstract The current study aims to assess the potential of statistical multiple linear regression (MLR) techniques to develop long-term streamflow forecast models for New South Wales (NSW). While most of the past studies were concentrated on revealing the relationship between streamflow and single concurrent or lagged climate indices, this study intends to explore the combined impact of large-scale climate drivers. Considering their influences on the streamflow of NSW, several major climate drivers – IPO (Inter Decadal Pacific Oscillation)/PDO (Pacific Decadal Oscillation), IOD (Indian Ocean Dipole) and ENSO (El Niño-Southern Oscillation) are selected. Single correlation analysis is exploited as the basis for selecting different combinations of input variables for developing MLR models to examine the extent of the combined impacts of the selected climate drivers on forecasting spring streamflow several months ahead. The developed models with all the possible combinations show significantly good results for all selected 12 stations in terms of Pearson correlation (r), root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE) and Willmott index of agreement (d). For each region, the best model with lower errors provides statistically significant maximum correlation which ranges from 0.51 to 0.65.

Effect of Autohydrolysis Pretreatment Conditions on Sugarcane Bagasse Structures and Product Distribution Resulting from Pyrolysis

AbstractPyrolysis has been increasingly perceived as a promising technology to produce biofuel precursors (bio‐oil) from agricultural residuals; however, there is a significant quality gap between a bio‐oil and the fuels used for transportation. In this study, we autohydrolyzed pretreated sugarcane bagasse at three different conditions (180 °C–10 min, 180 °C–40 min, 200 °C–40 min), then we investigated the effect of this pretreatment on a subsequent pyrolysis stage. High‐pressure ion‐exchange chromatography (HPIC) and the 13C cross‐polarization/magic angle spinning (CP/MAS) solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) revealed that the autohydrolysis pretreatment significantly disrupted the hemicellulose fractions in the sugarcane bagasse and caused the breakage of lignin ether linkages in the sugarcane bagasse feedstocks. As the 31P NMR results indicated, the autohydrolysis pretreatment removed carboxylic acid groups up to 66.7 %, which could significantly address the corrosion problem of bio‐oils. Heteronuclear single quantum correlation (HSQC) analysis suggested that the autohydrolysis pretreatment effectively lowered the presence of the oxygenated aromatic compounds in the bio‐oils. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) analysis of the bio‐oils indicated that the oils from severely pretreated sugarcane bagasse pyrolyzed at a low temperature (i.e., 400 °C) contained lower‐molecular‐weight components similar to those present gasoline products.

Determination of Several Element Levels in Hardaliye Beverages Using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry After Ultrasound-Probe Extraction.

In the present study, concentrations of calcium (Ca), copper (Cu), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), sodium (Na), and zinc (Zn) in hardaliye samples produced in Turkey were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry after ultrasound probe extraction (UPE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), and wet extraction procedures. At present, there is limited work in the literature on UPE for the determination of trace elements in beverage samples. Our single-correlation analysis showed that the elements studied with the UPE method in hardaliye were strongly correlated with the MAE procedure. The parameters affecting the UPE experimental conditions-such as ultrasound amplitude, sonication time, sample amount, extractant type, and volume-were studied. Optimal experimental conditions for the extraction of the metals with the UPE procedure were as follows: 2 min of sonication; 30% amplitude; 3 mL sample volume; 5% HNO3 extraction solution; and 1 mL extractant volume for Ca, Cu, Mg, Mn, Na, and Zn in the hardaliye samples. The results in the hardaliye samples in minimum-maximum mg/L with the UPE procedure were 33-63 for Ca, 0.10-0.27 for Cu, 3.9-14.4 for Mg, 1.0-3.2 for Mn, 32-58 for Na, and 0.39-1.1 for Zn. LODs were 0.0032, 0.012, 0.013, 0.009, 0.011, and 0.008 mg/L for Ca, Cu, Mg, Mn, Na, and Zn, respectively. The accuracy of the method was verified with a recovery test (in which recoveries between 95 and 110% were observed) and application to a NIST 1643e certified sample (trace elements in water). The UPE procedure was found to be fast, accurate, and simple, with fewer contaminants and lower concentrated reagent consumption in comparison with conventional extraction procedures.

Identification of Kaposi Sarcoma Herpesvirus (KSHV) vIRF1 Protein as a Novel Interaction Partner of Human Deubiquitinase USP7

Viral interferon regulatory factor 1 (vIRF1), a Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus protein, destabilizes p53 by inhibiting p53 acetylation and Hdm2 phosphorylation. This leads to increased ubiquitination and degradation of p53 by Hdm2, which cripples the cellular p53-mediated antiviral response. Ubiquitin-specific protease 7 (USP7) deubiquitinates p53 and Hdm2 and regulates their stability. We identified an EGPS consensus sequence in vIRF1, which is identical to that found in Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1) that interacts with the N-terminal domain of USP7 (USP7-NTD). GST pulldown assays demonstrated that vIRF1 interacts with USP7-NTD via its EGPS motif. NMR heteronuclear single quantum correlation (HSQC) analysis revealed chemical perturbations after titration of USP7-NTD with vIRF1 (44)SPGEGPSGTG(53) peptide. In contrast, these perturbations were reduced with a mutant vIRF1 peptide, (44)SPGEGPAGTG(53). Fluorescence polarization analysis indicated that the vIRF1 peptide interacted with USP7-NTD with a Kd of 2.0 μm. The crystal structure of the USP7-NTD·vIRF1 peptide complex revealed an identical mode of binding as that of the EBNA1 peptide to USP7-NTD. We also showed that USP7 interacts with vIRF1 in U2OS cells. Decreased levels of p53, but not Hdm2 or ataxia telangiectasia-mutated (ATM), were seen after expression of vIRF1, but not with a vIRF1 mutant protein. Our results support a new role for vIRF1 through deregulation of the deubiquitinating enzyme USP7 to inhibit p53-mediated antiviral responses.

Assessing the Effect of Electronic Trading Of Stocks Quality on Investment Decisions in Tehran Stock Exchange

The present study investigated the effects of electronic trading of stocks quality on investment decisions among investors currently in Tehran Stock Exchange. electronic trading of stocks quality with aspects of security, web design, customer service and experience of paper and Stoll (2009) as the independent variable and investment decisions have been chosen as the dependent variable. To measure the independent variable, a standard questionnaire containing 17 indicators is used. The research methodology is descriptive and correlation and sampling method is random convenient. The study population is investors in the Tehran Stock Exchange that of unlimited population 384 subjects were studied. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for normality of data was used. To evaluate the effects of single factor variables t-test, Pearson correlation and regression analysis were used. The results obtained suggest a significant correlation between electronic trading of stocks aspect and decision-making of investors that among the aspects the quality of electronic trading stock ratio security aspect was placed in the first rank 0.858 and had the highest correlation with the Tehran Stock Exchange has been investors' decisions. Website design ratio was 0.571 placed in second, customer service ratio was 0.571 placed in the third, and ultimately experience ratio was 0.384 placed in the last one (fourth).