Simultaneous Transformation Research Articles

Слова-бленды в газетных заголовках

In modern Russian, word blends can be found in fiction, journalism, advertising, as well as in scientific terminology and in everyday language. This study presents the press titles of the daily “Коммерсанть” (from 2020 and 40 issues from 2021; online version) in which lexical blends were used. Structural analysis shows that the dominant role in their construction is played by haplologic blends and blends based on tmesis (“matryoshka” words and quasi-tmesis words). An interesting procedure is the simultaneous transformation of precedent texts (substitution) and the use of word blends. Noun derivatives are most frequently represented in the entire illustrative material. Next to them we also find adjective, verb and adverb blends.

Диверсификация туристского и гостиничного продукта в постковидной реальности

The article examines the main directions of diversification of the tourist and hotel product in the context of the coronavirus pandemic and after it. In the context of the restrictions caused by the global coronavirus pandemic, closed borders and the risks of traditional travel, there is an increase in demand in the domestic tourism market with a simultaneous transformation of demand, which requires new approaches to the formation of the tourism and hotel product both at the level of individual market participants and at the level of tourism. destinations. The author has identified three types of diversification: 1) diversification under the influence of digitalization; 2) diversification caused by the consumer behavior transformation in the context of the coronavirus pandemic; 3) diversification within the framework of the regional tourism ecosystems development. The author’s interpretation of the classification of tourist and hotel products in demand in the new reality, as well as the author’s organizational and technological model of tourism development in the tourist territory, based on a system approach and the results of scientific research, is presented.

Twists and Turns of Democratic Transition and Europeanisation in East-Central Europe Since 1989: Betwixt EU Member and Neighbour State-Building

With democracy declining and becoming sporadically illiberal and populist in Europe and elsewhere, the questions of democratic transformation gain new resonance and topicality. Within the European Union and its neighbourhoods, the results of long-pursued Europeanisation are being reconsidered against the new criteria of democratic transition resilience, as well as against the new realities of emerging de-democratisation and de-Europeanisation undercurrents – and the re-emerging split of Europe. The thirtieth anniversary of the Central and Eastern European countries’ democratic transition and ‘return to EUrope’ provides a good opportunity to reassess successes and shortcomings of their transformation trajectories. Rather than engaging in a metrical exercise of measuring the quality of democracy in each EU member state, this article approaches the puzzle of East-Central European states’ transition resilience from an interdisciplinary law and politics perspective on the respective countries’ transition to EU ‘member-statehood’ and ‘neighbour-statehood’ as distinct types of statehood. In so doing, it develops an account of European Union ‘member state-building’ and ‘neighbour state-building’ as an inherent part of the respective countries’ simultaneous transformation, European integration, and state-building agendas. Drawing on the democratisation, Europeanisation and state-building literatures, as well as a wealth of primary sources, this article bridges the discussion of the differentiated EU-induced and EU-centric transition trajectories of candidate and non-candidate countries in light of them becoming successfully, or less so, ‘ideal’ EU members or neighbours, respectively. Keywords: Central and Eastern Europe, transformation, democratic transition, Europeanization, state-building, EU member state-building, EU neighbour state-building. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution − Non-Commercial − No Derivatives 4.0 International License. Suggested citation: A Tyushka, ‘Twists and Turns of Democratic Transition and Europeanisation in East-Central Europe Since 1989: Betwixt EU Member and Neighbour State-Building’ (2020) 16 CYELP 133.

The Influence of the Transformational Leadership of Kindergarten Heads, Job Satisfaction, Work Spirit of Work on the Performance of Kindergarten Teachers in the Pelangi Cluster, South Banjarmasin District

This study aims to describe and analyze: (1) the influence of the kindergarten head transformational leadership on the per-formance of kindergarten teachers, (2) the effect of job satis-faction on the performance of kindergarten teachers, (3) the influence of work morale teachers on the performance of kin-dergarten teachers, (4) the influence of the kindergarten head transformational leadership, job satisfaction, and the enthusi-asm of teachers working together on the performance of kin-dergarten teachers. This research is explanatory research with a quantitative approach. The research sample of 51 people kin-dergarten teachers in the Pelangi Cluster, South Banjarmasin District. Data collection instruments are questionnaires that have met the validity and reliability test requirements. Data analysis to test hypotheses using multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that: (1) The kindergarten head transformational leadership and kindergarten teacher performance were included in the high category, while the job satisfaction of teachers and the kindergarten teacher's morale were in the medium category. which is significant to the performance of kindergarten teachers (3) Job Satisfaction gives a significant influence on the perfor-mance of kindergarten (4) Work spirit gives a significant influ-ence on the performance of kindergarten teachers (5) Simulta-neous Transformation Leadership of Kindergarten Heads, job satisfaction and morale have a significant influence on the per-formance of kindergarten teachers in the Pelangi Cluster, South Banjarmasin District. Conclusion: there is a partial and simulta-neous influence of the kindergarten head transformational lead-ership, job satisfaction, and work spirit on performance. Princi-pals should strive to build positive communication when com-municating with subordinates as part of the kindergarten trans-formational leadership to analyze changes that need to be made internally. This can be done by opening a sharing forum or sharing opinions with the teachers who are subordinates to the problems and progress of the school.

Sorption mechanisms of antibiotic sulfamethazine (SMT) on magnetite-coated biochar: pH-dependence and redox transformation

Sorption of sulfonamides (SAs) on magnetite-coated biochar (MBC) is a promising approach for the remediation of antibiotic contaminants, due to its extended adsorption capacity and irreversibility. However, the actual sorption mechanisms of SAs on MBC remain unclear and the gap in knowledge hinders understanding of the fate of SAs in soils or sediments. In this study, various MBCs were prepared under different pyrolysis temperatures, with batch sorption experiments conducted using SMT as the model pollutant. Results of a two-compartment kinetic model demonstrated that aromatic components of MBCs dominated slow-sorption mechanisms, whereas the embedded magnetite further accelerated fast-sorption due to H-bonding. Modification of BC with magnetite improved the distribution coefficient (Kd) and isotherm linearity of SMT. Multi-parameter model results indicated that the pH-dependence of SMT sorption on BCs and MBCs occurred via a dominant mechanism of π-bond assisted H-bonding. Compared to pristine BCs, the change in pH-dependent sorption characteristics of SMT on MBC results from the regulation of π-bonding and proton configuration. Simultaneous transformation of SMT to sulfate ions on BCs or MBCs was also observed. The degradation of SMT occurred because of persistent free radicals (PFRs) on BCs or the inherent redox of iron minerals on MBCs. However, the small fraction of SMT transformed on BCs or MBCs was not found to result in overestimation of SMT sorption. This study presents the critical mechanisms of SMT sorption on pyrochars and provides novel understanding of the fate of SMT on carbonaceous materials during practical remediation applications.

Influence of oxygen on densification kinetics of WC nanopowders during SPS

The shrinkage of the WC nanopowders with increased oxygen content during Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) was shown to be limited by the grain boundary diffusion with abnormally low activation energy. It was found that the reduction of the SPS activation energy may originate from the effect of oxygen on the diffusion permeability of the grain boundaries in tungsten carbide at the intensive compaction stage as well as from an abnormal grain growth at the high-temperature sintering stage. The kinetics of SPS of the WC-W2C–WO3–W nanopowders at the intense compaction stage is controlled by the sintering rate of the oxide particles with simultaneous transformation of these ones into the W2C particles and then, at the high-temperature sintering stage – by the plastic flow of the W2C particles in the presence of tungsten ones. The ceramic specimens with high density (98–99%) and ultrafine grained structure (mean grain size < 0.3 μm) having an increased hardness Hv = 30.5 GPa at minimum Palmquist fracture toughness ~ 6.5 MPa m1/2 were obtained by SPS.

Fabrication of bulk τ MnAl–C magnets by hot-pressing from ε-phase gas-atomized and milled powder

Isotropic nanocrystalline MnAlC particles with quasi-spherical shape were synthesized by gas-atomization being afterwards milled for a short time of 60 s. Gas-atomized and milled particles were compacted by the hot-pressing method to obtain bulk MnAlC magnets. An adequate combination of the parameters during hot-pressing made it possible to fabricate bulk MnAlC magnets with a simultaneous transformation of ε-phase into the ferromagnetic τ-phase. The study has allowed for correlating the morphology, microstructure and magnetic properties of the bulk magnets obtained from the different powder samples. Hot-pressing experiments performed on milled ε-phase based powders resulted in an increased coercivity as a consequence of a reduced crystallite size (about 25 nm), induced strain (about 0.40%) and the formation of both β-Mn phase and Mn3AlC. This single-step approach has been compared with a two-step process comprising annealing of the gas-atomized ε-phase to develop the τ-phase as a first step followed by compaction via hot-pressing in a second step. Comparable magnetic properties obtained for the bulk magnets resulting from this two-steps route validates the single-step approach followed in this study. This work shows that gas-atomization, flash-milling and hot-pressing of ε-phase MnAlC powder is an efficient path towards the fabrication of bulk τ-MnAlC magnets.

One-pot nitrodebromination and methyl bi-functionalization of 5-bromo 6-methylpyrimidines: a unique simultaneous transformation

A unique one-pot, simultaneous nitrodebromination and methyl bromonitration occurred upon treatment of 5-bromo-2,4-di-tert-amino-6-methylpyrimidine derivatives with a cold mixture of concentrated H2SO4–HNO3 in moderate yields. It is actually a facile and rapid transformation that has been reported neither on pyrimidines nor simultaneously on other organic compounds.

Modifying Plant Photosynthesis and Growth via Simultaneous Chloroplast Transformation of Rubisco Large and Small Subunits.

Engineering improved Rubisco for the enhancement of photosynthesis is challenged by the alternate locations of the chloroplast rbcL gene and nuclear RbcS genes. Here we develop an RNAi-RbcS tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) master-line, tobRrΔS, for producing homogenous plant Rubisco by rbcL-rbcS operon chloroplast transformation. Four genotypes encoding alternative rbcS genes and adjoining 5'-intergenic sequences revealed that Rubisco production was highest (50% of the wild type) in the lines incorporating a rbcS gene whose codon use and 5' untranslated-region matched rbcL Additional tobacco genotypes produced here incorporated differing potato (Solanum tuberosum) rbcL-rbcS operons that either encoded one of three mesophyll small subunits (pS1, pS2, and pS3) or the potato trichome pST-subunit. The pS3-subunit caused impairment of potato Rubisco production by ∼15% relative to the lines producing pS1, pS2, or pST However, the βA-βB loop Asn-55-His and Lys-57-Ser substitutions in the pS3-subunit improved carboxylation rates by 13% and carboxylation efficiency (CE) by 17%, relative to potato Rubisco incorporating pS1 or pS2-subunits. Tobacco photosynthesis and growth were most impaired in lines producing potato Rubisco incorporating the pST-subunit, which reduced CE and CO2/O2 specificity 40% and 15%, respectively. Returning the rbcS gene to the plant plastome provides an effective bioengineering chassis for introduction and evaluation of novel homogeneous Rubisco complexes in a whole plant context.

Aero-ZnS architectures with dual hydrophilic–hydrophobic properties for microfluidic applications

Here, we report on a new aero-material, called aero-ZnS, representing self-organized architectures made of ZnS hollow micro-tetrapod structures with nanoscale thin walls. The fabrication process is based on the hydride vapor phase epitaxy of CdS on sacrificial micro-tetrapods of ZnO with simultaneous or subsequent transformation of CdS into ZnS and removal of the sacrificial ZnO crystals. The nanostructure of the obtained ZnS hollow micro-tetrapods exhibits the polytypic intergrowth of wurtzite- and sphalerite-type phases perpendicular to their close packed planes. The inner surface of the micro-tetrapod walls preserves oxygen sites, as demonstrated by imaging based on electron energy-loss filtering. The self-organized aero-ZnS architecture proves to be hydrophilic under tension and hydrophobic when compressed against water. Self-propelled liquid marbles assembled using ZnS hollow micro-tetrapod structures are demonstrated.

A general anion exchange strategy to transform metal-organic framework embedded nanofibers into high-performance lithium-ion capacitors

Abstract Conversion and alloy-type nanomaterials hold great potential for versatile electrochemical applications, yet severe aggregation and structural failure have hindered their successful employment as robust electrodes. In this regard, secondary matrices are required to separate such electroactive materials and provide conductive networks concurrently. However, facile preparation of such hierarchical structures at ambient conditions and without additional energy input remains a major challenge. Here, a general co-axial electrospinning assisted anion exchange strategy is reported to construct metal-organic framework (MOF) derived nanostructures within the three-dimensional polymer network, which occurs in aqueous solutions at room temperature for simultaneous compositional and structural transformation. Such in-situ synthetic approach results in dispersed architectures of electroactive materials. As a proof of concept application (e.g., lithium-ion capacitors), well-dispersed MOF-derived CoSnx nanoparticles on carbon nanofibers are synthesized and exhibit high-energy, high-rate, and robust Li+ storage capability. This work thus contributes to developing a general MOF-based compositional and structural evolution strategy toward high-performance electrochemical applications.

Social Systems as If People Mattered Response to the Kühl Critique of Theory U

ABSTRACT In his critique of Theory U, Kühl suggests that this approach resembles a management fashion based on four specific characteristics and claims, namely: (1) The simultaneous transformation of nearly everything, (2) The suspension of the differences between science, economics, politics, and religion, (3) Resolving conflicts of interest according to a community ideology, and (4) Reliance on purposive-rational thinking. The first part of this response to Kühl's critique argues that these four claims are unfounded or misguided and outlines why that is the case. The second part explores the questions not raised by Kühl. Finally, the third part of this response explores the blind spots of the framework that underlies Kühl's critique (Luhmann-inspired autopoietic social systems theory) and ways in which Theory U actually addresses these. Reflecting on the origins of Luhmann's approach in the early work of Humberto Maturana and Francisco Varela [1987. The tree of knowledge: The biological roots of human understanding. Shambhala Publications, Inc.], the question is asked what an alternative approach to social systems theory might look like if it were instead grounded in the more evolved and later work of both Maturana and Varela – which in fact turns out to be the case for Theory U.

Effects of speciation on uranium removal efficiencies with polyamine-functionalized silica composite adsorbent in groundwater

Uranium (Ⅵ) exists as many species in natural water systems. In the recent years, its contamination to groundwater has been reported more frequently. To investigate the effects of speciation on the removal of uranium, this work investigated the uranium adsorption behaviors of a polyamine-grafted silica composite named SAER at the concentration level of μg/L in the alkaline carbonate solutions with other four resins. Results suggested that the change of uranium speciation had minor effect on the adsorption efficiencies of SAER, except the addition of calcium. This was resulted from that the protonated tetraethylenepentamine had a much higher affinity to the electronegative uranyl-carbonate species, leading to the complete removal of uranium through the simultaneous anion exchange and chemical transformation mechanisms; Column experiments confirmed that merely a small portion of calcium while no magnesium cations were involved in the uranium adsorption in the simulated groundwater. Finally, the integrated removal mechanisms were proposed. Overall, this work demonstrated the feasibility of a novel adsorbent for the effective removal of uranium from different water matrices as well as the mechanisms underlying the interaction of uranium and the functional groups on the adsorbents. Furthermore, it enhanced the understanding of uranium removal under environmentally relevant conditions.

Towards furfural from the reaction of cellulosic biomass in zinc chloride hydrate solvents

Cellulosic biomass is abundant and is readily accessible for the renewable production of industrially useful chemicals. In the present study, we develop a method for the selective synthesis of furfural directly from native lignocellulose and algal biomass employing acidic zinc chloride hydrate solvents. To do this, we first optimise the conversion of xylans (hemicellulose) and separately of cellulose, to find an optimum compromise between the reaction conditions. The acidic inorganic media, along with the solvent-extractant anisole, enable simultaneous transformation of xylans and glucans into significantly value added furfural under mild processing conditions. This unique process affords substantial progress towards the valorisation of native carbohydrates into furfural, compared to existing methods based on the reactions of simple pentoses or pentosans. It enables the direct processing or raw, unrefined bulk biomass.

Morphology and phase transformation of α-MnO2/MnOOH modulated by N-CDs for efficient electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction in alkaline medium

Engineering non-precious electrocatalysts with excellent water oxidation performance is imperative for developing renewable and clean energy. Herein, we realize the simultaneous morphology and phase transformation from α-MnO2 nanorods, large-size MnOOH nanorods to MnOOH nanoparticles by adding different content of N-CDs in the synthesizing α-MnO2 process. Benefitting from the unique structures, synergistic effect between Mn-based oxides/oxyhydroxides and N-CDs, various active oxide species and large specific surface areas, the as-prepared Mn-based oxides/oxyhydroxides@CDs with different morphologies show excellent electrocatalytic performance for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in 1.0 M KOH. Impressively, the large-size MnOOH@CDs0.2 display high electrocatalytic performance with the overpotential of 302 mV to reach to 10 mA cm−2 along with a Tafel slope of 51.3 mA dec−1. More importantly, by coupling the MnOOH@CDs0.2 with Pt/C for overall water splitting, a cell potential of merely 1.56 V is required to reach to 10 mA cm−2. Additionally, in the process of stability studies, the key role of the (111) crystal plane in the catalytic process is established. Meanwhile, the MnOOH@CDs0.2 also shows excellent stability for continuous 72 h chronopotentiometry test. The proposed strategy showed here represents a facile and suitable method for the simultaneous transformation of the morphology and phase of Mn-based oxides/oxyhydroxides with the assistance of N-CDs for efficient energy conversion.

Исследование особенностей высокоскоростного спекания плазмохимических нанопорошков карбида вольфрама с повышенным содержанием кислорода

Spark plasma sintering (SPS) of plasma-chemical nanopowders tungsten carbide with a high oxygen content are studied. The results show that the nanopowder WC shrinkages during SPS is limited by grain boundary diffusion with abnormally low activation energies. It is established that the decrease in the activation energy can be caused by the influence of oxygen on the diffusion permeability of the tungsten carbide grain boundaries at the stage of intense compaction, as well as by abnormal grain growth at the stage of high-temperature sintering. The SPS kinetics of WC-W2C-WO3-W nanopowder compositions at the stage of intense compaction is controlled by the rate of oxide particle sintering with their simultaneous transformation into W2C particles, and then, by the plastic flow of W2C particles in the presence of W particles at the stage of high-temperature sintering. Using the SPS method, we obtained ceramics with a high density (98-99%), ultrafine-grained structure (the average grain size is less than 0.3 mm), having an increased hardness HV = 30.5 GPa with a Palmquist crack resistance of ~6.5 MPa·m1/2.

Обоснование сбалансированного концептуального подхода к процессу цифровизации в аспекте инновационного развития отечественных предприятий

Introduction. One of the priority tasks for our country is to activate the innovative activity of domestic enterprises. The most important modern tool for increasing the activity of innovative development is digitalization. To achieve high efficiency of digital transformation processes in the context of innovation, it is necessary to determine the most promising option for implementing digitalization processes in order to activate and maintain a high level of efficiency in the development and implementation of innovations at domestic enterprises. Theoretical analysis. Existing theoretical approaches to the concept of digitalization define it as a driver of innovative development. The transition to digital technologies transforms the innovative activity of the enterprise, providing a wide range of opportunities, both by improving the efficiency of processes, and by developing and launching new products or services to the market. While there is a lack of scientific interest in issues complementing the digital transformation of the management system, whereas the concept of balanced digital transformation of production and management systems of the enterprise is not considered that determines the low performance of the initiated change processes of innovation. Empirical analysis. It has been revealed that currently the transition to “digital” is carried out mainly in the production sector. At the same time, there is no relationship between digital technologies used in the management system and the production system, which negatively affects both the effectiveness of current and innovative activities, while research by foreign authors shows an increase in profitability as a result of the synergistic effect of simultaneous digital transformation of the management system and production. Results. A conceptual approach to digitalization of innovative activities of domestic enterprises has been proposed, based on synchronous, dynamic, complementary digital transformation of the production and management spheres. It will ensure the achievement of the goals set.

Simultaneous Hollowization, Joint Numerical Range, and Stabilization by Noise

We consider orthogonal transformations of arbitrary square matrices to a form where all diagonal entries are equal. In our main results we treat the simultaneous transformation of two matrices and ...

Эффект трансформации электрического поля в анизотропных диэлектрических средах

The authors consider the aspects of the electric field distribution in an anisotropic medium and establish how its longitudinal and transverse components depend on the geometric factors. A rectangular plate of dimensions a×b×c is studied, its selected crystallographic axes located in the plane of the side face (a×b), while one of the axes is oriented at a certain angle α to the edge a. It is shown that applying a certain potential difference to the upper and lower faces electrically polarizes the volume of the plate and causes the appearance of the longitudinal and transverse components of the internal electric field. The authors investigate the possibility of transforming the magnitude of the electric field and methods for its optimization. The transformation coefficient of such a device is determined by the anisotropy of the dielectric permeability of the plate material and its shape coefficient k = a/b. The paper considers one of the design options for an anisotropic dielectric transformer and proposes its equivalent electrical circuit. Structural elements based on anisotropic dielectric transformers may be widely used both in power supplies of various electronic devices and for coordination of radar transceiver systems with antenna arrays of centimeter, millimeter and submillimeter wavelength ranges. The possibility of simultaneous transformation of constant and alternating electric fields allows them to be used in devices of simultaneous comparison, enabling to determine the current values of voltage, as well as the power of electromagnetic radiation in a wide range of wavelengths. The vortex nature of the electric field in the plate’s volume caused by the coefficient anisotropy of the dielectric permeability also creates the preconditions for the emergence of new principles for generating high-power electromagnetic radiation in a wide spectral range. The generation frequency of such devices is determined by the geometric dimensions of the anisotropic plate. The use of the described transformation effect will significantly expand the possibilities of practical application of the considered electrostatic phenomena, which will lead to the emergence of a new generation of devices for microwave technology, electronics and electric power.

Диагностический инструментарий оценки уровня развития творческого мышления студентов-хореографов

We presented the methods of assessment of formation of components of creative maturity of students-choreographers used in the process of diagnostic research conducted on the basis of Ryazan College of Music named after G. and A. Pirogov. We discussed the results of the short form of the tests by E.P. Torrens (Subtest 2), “Type of Thinking” in modification by G. Repapkina, of spatial thinking by I.S. Yakimanskaya and “Power of Intuition”. We defined the criteria for selecting statistical data processing methods for small samples and presented statistical data processing using non-parametric criteria, such as the Kruskal-Wallis H-test and the Mann-Whitney U-test. We justified the approach to adopting a zero or alternative hypothesis, as well as conclusions that can be drawn based on these criteria. We summarized the results of analysis of presented diagnostic results of the recording stage of experimental work in accordance with the objectives of the study, which indicate the absence of differences between students of different courses in all presented methods. The bulk of students in terms of "originality" and "development" are in the range of averages or lower. A smaller number of students have a pronounced tendency to develop the image in detail. The development of subject-effective, verbal-logical, image-like thinking and creativity at the level of medium or high against the background of a low level of abstract-symbolic thinking, preferential operation with the shape of the image against the background of poorly developed operation with magnitude, the same indicators of image transformation in space due to changes in its structure, position, and simultaneous transformation of structure and position. We noted either a predominantly rational or predominantly intuitive approach to decision-making against the background of the absence of a pronounced rational and exclusively intuitive among choreographers.