Simultaneous Electrodeposition Research Articles

Electrochemical preparation and characterization of Ni/(Ni + RuO 2) composite coatings as an active cathode for hydrogen evolution

Ni/(Ni + RuO 2) electrodes were prepared by simultaneous electrodeposition of Ni and RuO 2 on a Ni substrate from a suspension electrolyte (Watts bath) of RuO 2 particles under vigorous stirring condition and they were found to have excellent characteristics as an active cathoe for hydrogen evolution in hot concentrated alkaline solution.

Enriched 124Te targets for production of 123I and 124I

A multi-plater for simultaneous electrodeposition of up to 12 isotopically enriched 124Te targets utilized in the routine production of 123I and 124I medical radionuclides is described. The influence of 26.5 MeV proton and 15.0 MeV deuteron irradiation parameters on the production yields is discussed.

ELECTRODEPOSITION OF POLYCRYSTALLINE Cd-RICH Hg 1- x Cd x Te AND PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL BEHAVIOR OF Hg 0.09 Cd 0.91 Te THIN FILM

Electrodeposition process of polycrystalline Cd-rich Hg_(1-z)Cd_xTe (x>0.5) in acidic bath of CdSO_4+HTeO_2~+HgCl_2 was investigated. The simultaneous electrodeposition technique of three kinds of ions at the same potential has been achieved. The XRD, SEM and EDAX analysis of the thin film electrodeposited on titanium substrate showed a typical cubic zinc blende polycrystalline structure and homogeneous dispersion. The photoelectrochemical behavior of (1-x)=0.09 polycrystalline thin film in a polysulfide re...

Glucose enzyme electrode preparation by the codeposition of platinum and glucose oxidase onto glassy carbon

AbstractA glucose enzyme electrode was fabricated by the simultaneous electrodeposition of enxyme and platinum particles onto a glassy carbon substrate. The electrode combines the electrocatalytic activity of platinum and the stability of glassy carbon. The application of the electrode in flow‐injection detection of glucose is shown. A wide linear range and good precision is possible.

Simultaneous electrodeposition of actinides

A new system for simultaneous electrodeposition of U, Np, Pu, Am and Cm has been developed. The system consists of (NH4)2C2O4−H2SO4−HCl. The effects on recovery of pH, current density, interfering ions and the amount of added HCl have been studied. The optimum condition for simultaneous electrodeposition of actinides has been recommended. Under the recommended condition recoveries of U, Np, Pu, Am and Cm have been obtained by using232U,237Np,241Am,242Pu and244Cm. The counting sources prepared are uniform, adherent and suitable for α-spectrometry.

Determination of arsenic by galvanostatic stripping analysis and its application to steels

Arsenic can be determined by galvanostatic stripping analysis with a modified gold-film electrode, prepared by simultaneous electro-deposition of gold and arsenic on a glassy-carbon support. This initially deposited arsenic is stripped from the film before the electrode is used for the analysis, but its presence during the formation of the film apparently leads to uniformly distributed crystallization sites for the subsequent determination of arsenic, so that the precision of the determination is better than that obtained with an unmodified gold-film electrode. The pre-electrolysis is performed potentiostatically in a stirred solution of 7 M hydrochloric acid, at a potential from −0.10 to −0.35 V ( vs. Ag/AgCl). If the galvanostatic stripping step is performed in quiescent solution after a 6-sec rest-period, at a current of 2–12 μA, then for a 100-sec pre-electrolysis time the calibration curve is linear up to an arsenic concentration of about 2 μg ml and the limit of determination is 8 ng ml . In the analysis of steel, the arsenic must first be separated by selective extraction of arsenic(III) bromide into toluene and back-extraction into the supporting electrolyte. A single extraction is virtually 100% quantitative. The relative error of the determination in steels is a few per cent and the results are in good agreement with the certified values for reference materials and with the results obtained by X-ray fluorescence analysis.

Simultaneous determination of uranium and plutonium isotopes in soils by means of single alpha-spectrometry

A simple, rapid and reliable method was developed for the simultaneous determination of uranium and plutonium isotopes by alpha-spectrometry using a single source. A new uranium tracer230U was applied as well as the236Pu tracer to determine overall yields of uranium and plutonium isotopes throughout the entire procedure employed. The analytical procedure consists of sample leaching with 8N HNO3 solution, purification by solvent extraction, simultaneous electrodeposition of U and Pu, and subsequent alpha-spectrometry with a silicon detector. In the solvent extraction using TOA/xylene from 8N HNO3 solution, the preferential extractability of Pu rather than U permits to purify simultaneously the trace amounts of Pu and the macro amounts of U, as in the case of ordinary soil samples, resulting in favourable peak heights for both isotopes. From a single alpha-spectrum, the determinations of238U,234U (and their ratio of234U/238U),239+240Pu, and238Pu contents were conveniently carried out after correcting the overall yields obtained from230U and236Pu activities in the same spectrum. This analytical method was satisfactorily applied to the determination of U and Pu isotope contents in some soils.

アンモニア性 酒石酸塩浴からのＮｉ‐Ｍｏ合金 電着の研究

Comprehensive discussion on the mechanism of induced codeposition of molybdenum with iron-group metals, especially with nickel, was made based on the results previously reported by the authors. In the process of alloy deposition, molybdenum lower oxide was estimated to be formed on the cathode by comparing the factors determining the cathode current efficiencies of the depositions from the baths of molybdenum and nickel-molybdenum alloys. The inhibiting effect of additive S- and N-compounds on molybdenum codeposition appeared to indicate that atomic hydrogen was necessary for further reduction of molybdenum lower oxide to occur. Further, the relationships between the composition of alloys and the cathode current efficiency during the electrodeposition of binary and ternary alloys of molybdenum with iron-group metals showed the two characteristic alloy compositions, the one appeared at a maximum partial current efficiency of molybdenum and the other corresponded to the limiting content of molybdenum. These characteristic compositions were in good agreement with the calculated ones based on the number of unpaired 3d electrons of iron-group metals. These led to the multi-step reduction mechanism which included the formation of the partly-reduced molybdenum oxide and the reduction of this film by atomic hydrogen held on iron-group metals by utilizing their unpaired electrons. The same mechanism may also be valid in the simultaneous electrodeposition of iron-group metals and such metals of which deposition proceed with preceding lower oxide formation as chromium or rhenium etc.

電着塗料共存下におけるアルミニウムの陽極酸化について

The present investigation relates to the electrophoretic deposition of a water soluble paint on aluminum film, which is simultaneously anodized in an alkaline (triethanolamine or ammonium hydroxide) solution. The following two kinds of solutions were used for electrolytic baths. (1) About 0.3% solution of an electrodeposition paint containing ammonium hydroxide (2mol), ammonium tartrate (0.1mol), ammonium fluoride (0.3mol), and ammonium carbonate (0.1mol). (2) About 2% solution of the same paint as in (1) containing triethanolamine (1mol), ammonium fluoride (0.1mol), and tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide (0.2mol). As the results of anodizing in above solution (1), a film obtained by two-step electrolysis (i. e., anodizing for 15min. under D. C. of 4Amp/dm2 and then, anodizing again for 35min. under D. C. of 2Amp/dm2) was about 35μ in thickness, which was thicker than a film (about 27μ in thickness) formed in the solution containing no electrodeposition paint. On the other hand, in above solution (2), a film (11μ in thickness) was formed by electrolysis for 60min. under D. C. of 2Amp/dm2. The results of thermal analysis, infrared spectroscopic analysis, and microscopic examination showed that the paint which had been dissolved in the bath was contained in the film obtained, which is called “a simultaneous electrodeposition film”. It was observed that the amount of paint contained in the film anodized in above solution (2) (measured value 36%) was greater than that anodized in above solution (1) (measured value 12%). Therefore, the film formed in above solution (2) had very higher alkali resistace (to 10% NaOH) and higher scratch hardness (by Martens' hardness tester with a load of 50g) than the film anodized in the same alkaline bath containing no paint.

Simultaneous electrodeposition of nickel and hydrogen on a rotating disk electrode

Thin nickel layers have been deposited from 1 M NiSO4 solutions on a rotating disk electrode at various angular speeds up to 911 radian/sec. Deposits have been obtained only at current densities that exceed a certain minimum value. This minimum current density is equal to the diffusion-limited current density of the H3O+ ions below pH 3 as has been shown by its dependence on the angular speed of the electrode and on the pH of the solution. Above pH 3 this minimum current density, which is equal to the partial current density of the hydrogen evolution at higher total current densities, depends less on pH than expected; it is, therefore, limited by the diffusion of hydroxyl or complex ions.

Simultaneous electrodeposition of nickel and hydrogen on a rotating disk electrode

Thin nickel layers have been deposited from 1 M NiSO4 solutions on a rotating disk electrode at various angular speeds up to 911 radian/sec. Deposits have been obtained only at current densities that exceed a certain minimum value. This minimum current density is equal to the diffusion-limited current density of the H3O+ ions below pH 3 as has been shown by its dependence on the angular speed of the electrode and on the pH of the solution. Above pH 3 this minimum current density, which is equal to the partial current density of the hydrogen evolution at higher total current densities, depends less on pH than expected; it is, therefore, limited by the diffusion of hydroxyl or complex ions.

The Electrochemistry of Nickel: I . Codeposition of Nickel and Hydrogen from Simple Aqueous Solutions

The simultaneous electrodeposition of nickel and hydrogen has been studied in chloride and sulfate solutions and the individual polarization curves determined from efficiency measurements. Nickel polarization has a Tafel slope of 0.10 and is independent of pH and type of anion at constant nickel ion activity. The nickel polarization data can be explained readily in terms of the transfer of a nickel ion from the solution across an unsymmetrical potential energy barrier to the metal phase. The hydrogen overvoltage evaluated during codeposition at constant pH is substantially the same for both chloride and sulfate solutions with a Tafel slope of 0.12. Hydrogen and nickel deposition appear to occur without any appreciable interdependence over the range of conditions involved in the present work.

Simultaneous Electrodeposition of Copper and Lead from Nitric Acid-Hydrofluoric Acid-Beryllium Nitrate Solution

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSimultaneous Electrodeposition of Copper and Lead from Nitric Acid-Hydrofluoric Acid-Beryllium Nitrate SolutionCharles GoldbergCite this: Anal. Chem. 1953, 25, 9, 1405Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1953Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1953https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60081a029RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views96Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (154 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts