Simultaneous Determination Of Cotinine Research Articles

Biomarkers of Exposure to Secondhand and Thirdhand Tobacco Smoke: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives.

Smoking is the leading preventable disease worldwide and passive smoking is estimated to be the cause of about 1.0% of worldwide mortality. The determination of tobacco smoke biomarkers in human biological matrices is key to assess the health effects related to the exposure to environmental tobacco smoke. The biomonitoring of cotinine, the main nicotine metabolite, in human biofluids—including urine, serum or saliva—has been extensively used to assess this exposure. However, the simultaneous determination of cotinine together with other tobacco biomarkers and the selection of alternative biological matrices, such as hair, skin or exhaled breath, would enable a better characterization of the kind and extent of tobacco exposure. This review aims to perform a critical analysis of the up-to-date literature focused on the simultaneous determination of multiple tobacco smoke biomarkers studied in different biological matrices, due to the exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) and thirdhand smoke (THS). Target biomarkers included both tobacco-specific biomarkers—nicotine and tobacco specific nitrosamine biomarkers—and tobacco-related biomarkers, such as those from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, volatile organic compounds, metals and carbon monoxide. To conclude, we discuss the suitability of determining multiple biomarkers through several relevant examples of SHS and THS exposure.

Simultaneous determination of cotinine and trans‐3‐hydroxycotinine in urine by automated solid‐phase extraction using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

A gas chromatography–mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for the simultaneous automated solid-phase extraction and quantification of cotinine and trans-3-hydroxycotinine in human urine. Good linearity was observed over the concentration ranges studied (R2 > 0.99). The limit of quantification was 10 ng/mL for both analytes. The limits of detection were 0.06 ng/mL for cotinine (COT) and 0.02 ng/mL for trans-3-hydroxycotinine (OH-COT). Accuracy for COT ranged from 0.98 to 5.28% and the precision ranged from 1.24 to 8.78%. Accuracy for OH-COT ranged from −2.66 to 3.72% and the precision ranged from 3.15 to 7.07%. Mean recoveries for cotinine and trans-3-hydroxycotinine ranged from 77.7 to 89.1%, and from 75.4 to 90.2%, respectively. This analytical method for the simultaneous measurement of cotinine and trans-3-hydroxycotinine in urine will be used to monitor tobacco smoking in pregnant women and will permit the usefulness of trans-3-hydroxycotinine as a specific biomarker of tobacco exposure to be determined. © 2014 The Authors. Biomedical Chromatography published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Simultaneous determination of cotinine and creatinine by high performance liquid chromatography.

Simultaneous determination of cotinine and creatinine by high performance liquid chromatography.

Simultaneous determination of cotinine and trans-3′-hydroxycotinine in human serum by high-performance liquid chromatography

A high-performance liquid chromatographic method with ultraviolet photometric detection has been developed for the quantitation of cotinine and trans-3′-hydroxycotinine in human serum. A solid-phase extraction procedure was performed for the analytes and the internal standard, N-ethylnorcotinine, before chromatography. The use of a 30-cm reversed-phase column and a mobile phase of water—methanol—0.1 M sodium acetate—acetonitrile (67:24.5:6.5:2, v/v), pH 4.3, prevented the co-elution of caffeine with cotinine. The limit of quantitation observed with this method was 5 ng/ml for both cotinine and trans-3′-hydroxycotinine. The present method proved useful for the determination of serum levels of these metabolites, correlating with nicotine daily intake.