Simulink Application Research Articles

Development of fractional sinus pulse width modulation with β gap on three step signal processing

ABSTRACT Pulse width modulation (PWM) is a very important application in the switch control of inverter and converter circuits in power electronics. In order to make a quality energy conversion, the control of the switches in multi-level inverters is usually done with Sinus Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM). With this PWM structure while creating high-level voltages, unnecessary operation of the switches and sources that make up the lower level is provided at some time intervals. This causes shortening of switch life and power losses due to extra source and switch operation. To solve this problem, a new Fractional Sinus Pulse Width Modulation (FSPWM) development with gap on a signal processing method in three steps is presented. In the MATLAB Simulink application, after the development of the FSPWM is presented, the developed Fractional Sinus Pulse Width Modulation (FSPWM) is compared with the traditional SPWM, and it is shown how to mute switches and sources during unnecessary operating times.

Mathematical Model of Frequency Inverter with Autonomous Voltage Inverter

An analytical analysis of the processes occurring in the systems of an electric drive with a frequency converter, which are characterized by discrete, nonlinear properties, is practically impossible. This predetermines the need to use methods of mathematical modeling and mathematical experiment to study the properties of such systems. Purpose of the work: building a model of a frequency converter with formalization in the form of mathematical relationships of the relationships between the variables characterizing its functioning, based on the analysis of physical processes in each of its elements. Mathematical models of each element must be represented by structural diagrams, which are subsequently combined into a common block diagram of the frequency converter in accordance with the method of structural modeling. Research methods: to solve the set tasks, the methods of the theory of electronics and electrical engineering, induction devices and the concept of switching functions were used. Software implementations of the proposed mathematical models and numerical studies of the processes reproduced by them were performed in the MATLAB computing environment (SIMULINK application software package). Results: the method of structural modeling made it possible to create a fairly universal and flexible version of a complete mathematical model of a frequency converter, due to the possibility of a fairly simple inclusion in it of various options for mathematical models of elements included in a specific real frequency converter. In this case, the resulting model preserves the topology of a real frequency converter and the observability of all its real physical variables. The use of the theory of induction devices and the concept of switching functions made it possible, on a single methodological basis, to create physically and mathematically grounded mathematical models of all the main elements of the frequency converter. The constructed model makes it possible to clarify the relationship between the physical variables of the individual elements of the frequency converter and their mutual influence

Dynamic model of the Moscow monorail transport system using magnetolevitation technology

Aim: The Moscow monorail transport system, which has been in operation for more than 18 years and uses a linear electric drive, has proven its efficiency, reliability, and safety, but at the same time there is a need to modernize it. The proposed modernization is based on new trolleys, in the design of which electromagnets and a linear motor are combined.
 Materials and methods: Based on a model-oriented approach in Simscape Simulink applications of the MATLAB environment, a dynamic model of a two-car rolling stock of a monorail transport system using magnetolevitation technology has been developed.
 Results: A general description of the model and its subsystems is given. The results of modeling taking into account the nervousness of the track structure are presented.
 Conclusion: The developed model allows you to choose the most rational design parameters of trolleys, elastic-dissipative suspension elements of rolling stock, electromagnetic control systems. The proposed monorail transport system can be implemented in Russian cities where, for various reasons, the use of the metro is impractical.

Justifying the actuator type selection for the flow-line conveyor system with vibration-assisted transportation of bulk material

Vibratory feeders are widespread in the production processes of mining companies. For this reason, optimized design and fine-tuned operation of a flow-line conveyor system feeding material to separators with X-ray fluorescent spectrometer sensors can increase the diamond production capacity and improve the energy conversion efficiency by reducing the power consumption. This study considers vibration-assisted transportation of bulk material layer in vibratory feeders and develops a mathematical model of an electromagnetic drive using mathematical modeling. The analysis methods include theoretical studies of technical documentation of flow and transport systems in general and vibration feeders in particular, mathematical modeling of technical systems using the MatLab software package and Simulink application. The research included theoretical studies of transportation of a layer of bulk material at different vibration frequencies and amplitudes. A mathematical model has been developed describing the vibration-assisted transportation of bulk material in the feeder tray. The resulting calculated data has been compared with experimental data. A mathematical model of an electromagnetic drive with a control system that stabilizes feeder performance has been developed, which allows adjusting the optimal basic feeder vibration frequency at a known resonant frequency. The obtained results can be applied to the processing factories for mineral separation of diamond-containing rocks to calculate the power of the feeder drive and the selection of the type of power system in terms of optimality for the technological process and the energy efficiency of electrical equipment.

Analysis of Prosumer Behavior in the Electrical Network

This article deals with the prosumer behavior, specifically on an on-grid electrical network that is connected to a larger synchronous electrical network, as well as an off-grid system. In the Simulink (Matlab) application, two models were constructed for this purpose. The modeling of the operation of the electrical network’s on-grid system takes place in one of the models. The simulation of the operation of the electrical network’s off-grid system takes place in the other. We examined the model’s behavior in the provided simulated period from the standpoint of transient states and qualitative indicators of electrical energy under various connection configurations in both systems. The simulations resulted in the possibility of incorporating new sources of energy accumulation, such as pumped storage hydropower plants based on energy storage systems (ESSs), and modifying the model to the user’s needs.

A Thermodynamic Model of an Industrial Cooling Tower Using Semi Physical Models

Mathematical algorithms are powerful tools frequently applied in the solution of energy transfer systems studied in science and engineering in order to improve the energy production systems, purpose responsible alternatives for non-conventional energy generation, and minimize the production costs influenced by the system functionality thermodynamically designed. This numerical approach allows modelling and predicting the thermodynamic states and the system instabilities by means of the application of computational tools. Compared with experimental assessments, numerical methods may be used to solve the mass and energy balances that describe the performance of the mechanical components under different working conditions with inexpensive resources. However, the predictability reached in the data approximation depends on the quality of the numerical data acquired with experimental measurements. In this sense, a novel implementation of thermodynamic principles has been described in order to solve the mass and energy balances for different mechanical components coupled to the industrial cooling tower system considering different non-stationary conditions. A set of physical data has been computed for each particular thermodynamic state by means of a Phenomenological – Based Semiphysical Model maintaining the real operating behavior in a virtual environment. Each thermodynamic state has been estimated with the density and viscosity values of the working flow, which have been influenced by the drop pressure and mass flow rate. A good agreement has been reached in the thermodynamic process representation comparing numerical data with the thermodynamic behavior of the cooling tower. On the other hand, the numerical simulation results with the Simulink application have shown a linear system behavior equal to the non-linear system close to the operating point for different working conditions.

Simulation of the movement of hedge cutter links in the Simulink application of the Matlab package

Simulation modeling allows researching a mechanism consisting of many links interacting with each other according to complex laws. In order not to write a model for each node of the investigated mechanism, it is advisable to use ready-made blocks of the Simulink application. To simplify the process of creating blocks responsible for the links of the mechanism, we used the Solidworks computer-aided design system. 3d models of each link were designed, kinematic connections between them were established. Thus, the mass characteristics of the links, their geometric parameters, moments of inertia and kinematic pairs were obtained. After exporting the model from the computer-aided design system to Simulink of the Matlab package, a basic block diagram was obtained which was supplemented with disturbing input signals, virtual oscilloscopes for characterizing, mechanical transmission units, etc. Based on the obtained coordinates of the frame links and the rotor knives, dependencies were constructed to determine the kinematics of their movement in three planes, which made it possible to clearly demonstrate the top and rear view of the mechanism under study in the considered time interval. The developed simulation model can be upgraded to study the dynamic characteristics of the mechanism.

A HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION OF 6DOF QUADCOPTER MATLAB/SIMULINK CONTROLLER ALGORITHM TO AN AUTOPILOT

This paper presents a hardware implementation of Control algorithm for 6DOF Quadcopter developed on MATLAB/SIMULINK to an autopilot Microcontroller (PIXHAWK) using MATLAB/SIMULINK Embedded Coder. After the validation of the SIMULINK model controller results through the software simulation, the designed controller is converted into C\C++ and uploaded into the Pixhawk autopilot by creating SIMULINK application in the autopilot firmware. This paper presents a rapid and real test solution for quadcopter control system using Pixhawk autopilot which will provide further real adjustment for the control parameters. This feature is used in this research is to deploy the SIMULINK codes into the Pixhawk autopilot board through the Embedded Coder Tool.

АНАЛІЗ РЕЖИМІВ РОБОТИ ЕЛЕКТРОПРИВОДА ПІДВІСНОЇ КАНАТНОЇ ДОРОГИ ПРИ ВИКОРИСТАННІ СИСТЕМИ ВЕКТОРНОГО КЕРУВАННЯ

Continuous transport systems, including rope conveyors designed to move people and goods, are subject to very strict safety and energy efficiency requirements. As a rule, suspended cableways in operation have an unregulated electric drive with a smooth start system. Among the ways to meet these requirements is the use of modern regulated electric drives. The electromechanical system with a vector-controlled asynchronous electric motor is considered in the work. Based on the obtained model, within the framework of the MATLAB / Simulink application package, an investigation of the dynamic characteristics of the cableway electric drive was carried out. An analysis of the nature of the distribution of dynamic error in terms of speed and energy losses depending on the load and speed of movement of the rope traction element of the transport system is given. The results presented in the article make it possible to choose rational electric drives for continuous transport systems with rope traction elements. References 5, figures 5, table.

Use of MatLab environment for development of automatic control systems of temperature and humidity regime in a greenhouse using neural regulators

In this work, a two-level system for automatic control of temperature and humidity conditions in a greenhouse was synthesized. To maintain controlled parameters, it was proposed to use a neuroregulator in the system. The study of the developed control system was carried out using the MatLab software environment, the Simulink application. A qualitative assessment of the results of modeling the operation of the system in various modes was made, which showed the viability of using these systems in greenhouse enterprises.

Simulink Matlab applications program in power system: Study of effect of simulink matlab program acceptance in power system analysis

The Simulink Matlab application program in electrical power system analysis needs acceptance from its users. This research is purposed to investigate the effect of Simulink Matlab application program acceptance to power system analysis. This research uses a quantified approach. The sample of this research is 119 students using the Simulink Matlab application program to do power system analysis. The data is analyzed with path analysis with the Partial Least Square approach. The result shows that the perception of ease has a direct effect to the perception of usage, behavior, and intention to use the Simulink application program with the path coefficient of 0.581, 0.574, and 0.249 respectively; the perception of usage and easiness in the usage of the Simulink application program has a direct effect to behavior in using the Simulink application program with the path coefficient of 0.218 and 0.574 respectively; the behavior in using the Simulink application program has a direct effect to the intention in using the Simulink application program with the path coefficient of 0.581, and the intention in using Simulink application program has a direct effect to the usage of the real Simulink Matlab application program with the path coefficient of 0.491. This research concludes that the usage of the Simulink application program for power system analysis is affected by the easiness and the usage of the application as well as the attitude of users.

Application of various approaches to modeling the gas emissions from TPP cleaning processes

The article discusses the possibility of 3D computer modeling tools complex use based on the mathematical processing of the gas emissions from TPP cleaning process. The authors propose to consider an approach to designing a site for capturing solid particles in gas emissions that appear during the production activities of an industrial enterprise by modeling a technological site in various programs. Mathematical processing with the use of the E-network device and the creation of a 3D model enables to plan a site for capturing solid particles in gas emissions, choose the appropriate technology and thereby ensure the ecological effect of both existing and projected power plants. The authors present the results of processing the technological process of gas purification at thermal power plants in terms of E-networks using mathematical processing in the Simulink application, which displays a device model from the standard units available in the program and performs the necessary calculations. 3D models of individual pieces of equipment selected on the basis of mathematical processing calculations in the Simulink application were created using computer 3D modeling in a graphical editor. A 3D visualization of the technological site for capturing solid particles in gas emissions was carried out, enabling a visual display of the planned site at the design stage, which, if necessary, will allow an easy introduction of modifications to the project.

Influence of the type of membership functions of fuzzy variables on transient processes in an electric drive

The paper deals with the influence of the type of membership functions of fuzzy variables on transient processes in an electric drive. The membership functions of fuzzy variables of S-shaped type and triangular type are proposed for consideration. To identify the dependencies of the influence of these functions, the article offers simulation modeling in the Matlab software environment, the Simulink application. The system of frequency converter - asynchronous motor (FC-AM) was chosen as the considered control system. Transient processes in the considered system with various types of membership functions are shown. The results of the work are summarized in the conclusions.

Assessment of the Efficiency of Wind Energy Use in Russia

The constant increase in the requirements for the generation of electricity forces the search for new means of generating energy. It is not the first year that technologies for the development of alternative energy sources have been considered and introduced in the largest countries of the world. Wind power occupies a special place in this direction. In Russia, this industry is still not sufficiently developed to provide a significant share of energy consumption, but the industrial potential with the proper level of technological support can radically correct this situation. This article discusses the perspectives for using wind power plants in Russia. A mathematical model of a wind power plant was built in this study, taking into account the parameters of a WH6.4-5000W type wind generator and consisting of a virtual synchronous generator, which is an element of the SimPowerSystem library, and blocks from the Simulink application of the Matlab software package that simulates the effect of wind and the movement of the mechanical part of the wind generator. An assessment of the economic efficiency of the use of wind turbines in Russia was carried out using the constructed model.

Translating Hierarchical Simulink Applications to Real-time multi-core Execution

Matlab & Simulink is is widely used as a defacto standard to design industrial applications, video coding & decoding, and signal processing applications. However, with the spectacular increase in the number of the cores available in hardware platforms over these last years, passing from Simulink to multi-core execution becomes more and more complex. In this context, several researches are done to take benefit from the high degree of parallelism and to perform multi-core programming of Simulink applications. In this paper, we present an automated method for transforming hierarchical Simulink applications to embedded parallel software implementation. Our method consists of using IBSDF (Interfaced based Synchronous Dataflow) as an intermediate representation to extract parallelism. Moreover, our approach permits preserving synchronous semantics and hierarchical behavior of the Simulink model. The model-based approach makes it possible to verify the key properties of the system at compile-time, such as deadlock freeness and memory boundedness. The method has been implemented as an extension of the rapid prototyping tool named Preesm. Experiments show that our proposal gives, as a transformation result, a schedulable IBSDF graph equivalent in size to the Simulink model and allows better multi-core implementation performance than Matlab & Simulink sequential execution.

Modeling of winding process of composite cylindrical shells

Subject of Research. The paper presents a review of an effective filament winding method for hollow composite products manufacturing (tubes and containers). Finished products are lightweight, durable and widely used in industry. However, this method has significant drawbacks. The tension of the surface layer and the tension of the inner layers can differ significantly for the formed products. This effect is also observed when the tension of the wound material is regulated. Another significant disadvantage of technology is the change in the cross-sectional diameter of the product in the end zone, where the backward motion of the movable trolley with filaments (tape) is performed. Due to these shortcomings, there are deviations in the winding density and other indicators of the stress-strain state from the planned values. Method. We offer an original method for controlling the radial increment of the composite winding and its density to eliminate mentioned above drawbacks. The method is based on a composite winding model. The model is developed in view of the following representation: the trajectory of the winding-on point is a spiral in a section perpendicular to the axis of the mandrel rotation. The specified winding density, the normalized increment of the winding radius and the change in the angular velocity of the mandrel in the end zones are determined by this model. The model analysis shows that actual speed of the winding point should be equal to the theoretical one for the deterministic winding process. If this condition is met, then all other technological parameters (radius, length, density) will be reproduced on the basis of pre-known functions. It is advisable to maintain the equality between the actual winding radius and theoretical winding radius for the practical implementation of the control algorithm winding process. If this condition is implemented, then the process of material winding will be predictable. Main Results. A control device for the winding process implementing this method is designed. The device provides an action on the winding with variable force, adequately responding to random disturbances and maintaining equality between the actual and calculated winding radii. The Simulink application, an integral part of the Matlab application package, is used for control device modeling. Practical Relevance. The proposed efficient solution for the control composite winding density provides stabilization of the stress-strain state of the cylindrical composite products by changing the radial increment of the winding layers and preventing the effect of the random factors and, consequently, increases production efficiency.

3-Phase grid-connected building integrated photovoltaic system with reactive power control capability

Recently, a tendency in the growing of grid-connected building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems has been noticed in most countries. Hence, high penetration of PV power into the system network can be observed in many points in the network. This may cause severe problems on the distribution network due to the intermittent nature of PV systems. As a feasible solution, the reactive power capability of voltage source inverter in PV systems can be employed rather than approaching expensive grid infrastructures in the distribution network. The purpose of this study is to implement a 3-phase grid-connected (BIPV) system with reactive power control to regulate the system voltage and improve the system power factor. Subsequent to this, a specific system model has been designed and developed in MATLAB Simulink application. The selection of PV system specifications is based on practical system implementation. The inverter control system along with the reactive power control has been developed for the proper system operation at different system conditions to reduce the var compensation on the utility grid. Better system accuracy of the developed system model has been found by validating with real system data. The overall system performance has indicated that the effective utilization of reactive power control of a grid-connected PV system yields to a stable, reliable and cost-effective system network operation which reduces the heavy burden on the utility grid to control the PV system effects.

TRACTOR GEARBOX: RESEARCH OF SHIFTING GEARS’ PROCESSES

Introduction. The process of shifting gears under load is one of the most complex types of dynamic process in the transmissions of transport, road and construction vehicles. Currently, the existing calculation methods do not fully reflect the features of the engine and automated gearbox interaction by switching stages under load using more than two friction clutches at the same time. The paper discusses the method of calculating the dynamic characteristics of the gearbox with the simultaneous use of both two and four friction clutches by shifting gears under load with forward and reverse switching. The authors present the results of the dynamic characteristics of the theoretical study of the automated gearbox with frictional stages’ switching under load and without breaking the power flow.Materials and methods. The main method was based on a system approach to the dynamic processes study and on the modeling of the gearbox operation together with the internal combustion engine. The authors took into account the regulatory, speed and load engine characteristics, resistive torque variation, rate of pressure rise in clutches by shifting to higher and lower gears. The paper performed theoretical modeling of processes using the MATLab package and the Simulink application. Using the main blocks of this application, the authors created models of physical components: an internal combustion engine, friction clutches, gear reducers, elastic shafts, damping devices and tractor power transmission control systems.Results. As a result, the authors obtained calculated data of the dynamic processes, variations in speed and rotational torque on the gearbox shafts; the load on the engine by shifting gears at different values of the start and finish time in switching on and off the gearbox friction controls. The paper presented the relevant graphs of the processes.Discussion and conclusions. The developed method of calculating the dynamic characteristics of the gearbox allows simulating workflows by shifting to higher and lower gears. This method takes into account both the parameters of the gearbox design and of the control actions: the rate of switching on the friction clutches; the time intervals of overlapping the “on and off” clutches. Therefore, in relation to the considered gearbox, the authors determine the values of the optimal time control commands of the friction by shifting.Financial transparency: the authors have no financial interest in the presented materials or methods. There is no conflict of interest.

Stabilization of the stator and rotor flux linkage of the induction motor in the asynchronous electric drives with frequency regulation

The article is a continuation of the authors' work in research, mainly experimental, asynchronous electric drives with frequency regulation (AED FR) of hoisting-and-transport mechanisms, in which for constructive, operational and other reasons it is difficult to install additional sensors, for example encoders. The results of the analysis of the dynamics of AED FR with two types of sensorless control: vector and scalar are presented in this article. The study was conducted by mathematical modeling in the Simulink application of the MatLab software using standard control system models. The processes of sequential acceleration of the engine to fixed speeds with overload and load shedding on each of them were simulated. At the same time, the speed and effective values of the flux linkages of the rotor and stator and the stator current were monitored, by which the dynamics and efficiency of each type of control were evaluated. As in experimental studies, the dynamic and efficiency of a more stable scalar control was significantly improved by the use of dynamic positive feedback on stator current.

Structural correction of nonlinear dynamics of frequency-controlled induction motor drives

<span>Frequency analysis of processes in the frequency-controlled induction motor drive s, as in automatic control systems with dynamic non-linearities, are presented in this paper. For the first time, dynamic formulas of transfer functions of a torque driver in an induction motor with frequency control, taking into account the slip and frequency of the stator voltage, are proposed. Methods for constructing families of frequency characteristics of such electromechanical systems with “frozen” but different values of the frequency of the stator voltage and slip are described. The frequency characteristics corresponding to these transfer functions are constructed in the Simulink application of the MatLab software. Based on results of the analysis the structural correction methods that improve the dynamics of such nonlinear systems are proposed. The nonlinear transfer functions obtained in this work made it possible to substantiate structural solutions that linearize frequency-controlled electric drives and significantly increase their efficiency. This paper is an example of how the initial complicated (but more accurate) interpretation of nonlinearity allowed us to find a new best solution to the problem of controlling a complex dynamic object.</span>