Simulation Training Methods Research Articles

Teaching medical students ultrasound-guided needle aspiration of synthetic cysts: effect of a formalin-embalmed cadaver simulation model

BackgroundStandard training for ultrasound-guided cyst needle aspiration is currently performed on live patients during residency. This practice presents risk of iatrogenic injury to patients and provides a high-stress learning environment for medical trainees. Simulation training using synthetic cysts in a formalin-embalmed cadaver model may allow for realistic, practical, and effective training free from patient risk.MethodsThirty first-year medical students viewed an orientation video, then attended a skills workshop to perform cyst needle aspiration in formalin-embalmed cadaver tissue under ultrasound guidance. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three ultrasound-trained instructor-types which included a medical student, clinical anatomist, or an ultrasound fellowship trained emergency medicine physician. After training, participants underwent a 5-min skills test to assess their ability to drain a synthetic cyst independently. Pre- and post-training self-confidence surveys were administered.ResultsUltrasound images of synthetic cysts in formalin-embalmed tissue were clear and realistic in appearance, and sonographic needle visualization was excellent. Participants took an average of 161.5 s and 1.9 attempts to complete the procedure. Two of the 30 participants could not complete the procedure within the time limit. Participants’ self-reported confidence with respect to all aspects of the procedure significantly increased post-training. Mean confidence scores rose from 1.2 (95% CI 0.96 to 1.39) to 4.4 (95% CI 4.09 to 4.53) (P < 0.0001) Procedure time, number of attempts, performance scores, and self-confidence outcomes were not significantly affected by instructor type.ConclusionsThe use of synthetic cysts in formalin-embalmed cadaveric tissue is feasible, realistic, and efficacious for the teaching of ultrasound-guided needle aspiration to novice medical trainees. This simulation training method can be delivered effectively by multiple instructor types and may allow medical trainees to increase their tactical skill and self-confidence prior to performing ultrasound-guided cyst needle aspiration on live patients.

Comparison of Mannequin-Based Simulation Training Method with Virtual Training Method on Nursing Students' Learning Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: A Controlled Randomized Parallel Trial.

The use of different educational methods and programs, such as simulation and virtual training, plays an important role in effective Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) learning for nursing students. This study was conducted with the aim of comparing mannequin-based simulation training with virtual training on CPR learning among nursing students. This parallel randomized controlled trial was conducted in 2022. We selected 73 nursing undergraduate students and randomly assigned them to two groups: mannequin-based simulation and virtual training groups. The knowledge, attitude, and performance of CPR in both groups were evaluated and compared before, immediately after, and 1 month after the intervention. Data analysis was performed using independent t-test and the repeated-measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software. Within-group differences were significant in both mannequin-based simulation and virtual training groups in terms of knowledge, attitude, and CPR performance before and after training, as well as between before and 1 month after training (p < 0.001). In addition, the mean performance of simulation group students was significantly higher than the virtual group (p < 0.001), but no significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of knowledge and attitude dimensions before training, after training, and 1 month after training. Both mannequin-based simulation and virtual training methods increase CPR learning. Considering that students' knowledge and attitude increase significantly using both training methods and the performance of students in the simulation group is better than in the virtual group, the use of a multimodal approach is recommended for CPR training of nursing students.

Quality Evaluation Methods of College English Teaching Reform Based on Artificial Neural Network

This paper aims to enhance the effectiveness of intelligent evaluation in college English teaching and explore the role of artificial neural networks in evaluating college English teaching reform. A research study is conducted to develop an intelligent evaluation model by refining algorithm models and utilizing comparative research methods to address limitations of traditional algorithms. The neural network algorithms are improved through model construction techniques, with practical effectiveness assessed through simulation training methods. The algorithm model is applied to assess teaching quality in universities, with experimental research integrating questionnaire surveys and simulation data processing methods. The feasibility of the approach is verified through data evaluation. Simulation analysis demonstrates that the enhanced neural network algorithm reduces running time and enhances accuracy compared to traditional evaluation algorithms. Experimental studies indicate that employing artificial neural networks for evaluating the quality of college English teaching reform yields positive outcomes, aiding students and teachers in understanding their situations within mobile computing environments. This study confirms that combining a neural network model with data survey methods effectively meets the requirements of contemporary efficient teaching quality evaluation. The innovative integration of intelligent algorithms, factor analysis, surveys, and statistical methods enhances the progressive nature of teaching quality evaluation.

Pendidikan kebencanaan bagi siswa berkebutuhan khusus

this literature study aims to provide ideas for education in Indonesia in order to build a more quality and equitable education. Indonesia lies in an area prone to natural disasters. Natural disasters are something that cannot be predicted when they occur. Therefore, the Indonesian people need to gain knowledge about disaster mitigation. This can be applied in the field of education, namely with disaster education. Everyone has the right to receive the same education, including students with special needs. Disaster education for students with special needs is very important and serious to be implemented. This is so that they still have enough knowledge to protect themselves from the disaster situation. Disaster education for students with special needs can be done by developing Disaster Preparedness Schools (SSB), simulation training methods in the form of role play, as well as media literacy and disaster interpretation.

Evaluating the learning performances for CNC machine practice in mechanical engineering degree courses based on students’ mental workload

This study evaluates the performance of learning CNC machining in mechanical engineering degree programs by assessing students’ mental workload (MWL). Both subjective (NASA-Task Load Index) and objective (increasing ratio of heart rate, IRH) evaluation methods were employed to assess the MWL of 46 students randomly assigned to two groups: a traditional training group and a combined simulation training group. The results demonstrate the significant impact of the training method on students’ MWL. Specifically, the MWL and IHR values of the combined simulation training group were 54.3 and 9.2, respectively, while those of the traditional training group were 58.3 and 13.2. Additionally, the correlation analysis showed a significant correlation between the IHR value and the MWL score of NASA-TLX. These findings suggest that implementing simulated software and the combined simulation training method effectively reduces students’ MWL, thereby promoting active knowledge acquisition. Consequently, students’ MWL can be utilized to evaluate the effectiveness of technical education with the aim of enhancing training efficiency and quality.

An appropriate simulation-based training for surgical technology students

BackgroundUsing simulation in an appropriate education plan which has always been challenging; To be used alone or in combination with other methods and the order of it’s use. This article was intended to compare student’s knowledge, clinical skill and readiness-capability using simulation and combination of it with traditional training methods to collect necessary evidence for development of an appropriate simulation- based educational plan for surgical technology students. MethodsThis is a controlled pre/post-test quasi-experimental study in 2019. All surgical technology students who had selected the scrub and circulate course (n = 28) were randomly divided into two groups. One of the groups was educated with traditional training method (TTM). On the same day, the other group was educated with simulation training method (STM). After two weeks, group α received simulation training and group β was subject to traditional training. Multiple-Choice Test for Knowledge Assessment and Clinical Skills as well as Readiness-Capability (KCSRC) of appendectomy Surgery checklist were used in this study. Data were analysed after each training method, after Two weeks and after blended education.For data analysis, Mixed-Design ANOVA and SPSS software 24/v were employed. ResultsThe mean scores of knowledge, clinical skills, and readiness-capability were 14.2 ± 2.91, 44.42 ± 17.74, 21.58 ± 4.18 in group α and 12.66 ± 3.21, 41.17 ± 16.19, and 18.58 ± 7.85 in group β, respectively. The comparison between mean scores of KCSRC before the first training and after combined training in each group showed that the mean of all scores significantly increased in group α (p < 0.0001), which indicates that the education plan starting with TTM and continued with STM has the most significant effect on results. ConclusionAccording to the results of the study, it seems that starting the education plan for surgical students with TTM and then continuing with STM would be more effective on education of students, especially on students’ long term learning.

A general motion control framework for an autonomous underwater vehicle through deep reinforcement learning and disturbance observers

This paper investigates the application of deep reinforcement learning (RL) in the motion control for an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV), and proposes a novel general motion control framework which separates training and deployment. Firstly, the state space, action space, and reward function are customized under the condition of ensuring generality for various motion control tasks. Next, in order to efficiently learn the optimal motion control policy in the case that the AUV model is imprecise and there are unknown external disturbances, a virtual AUV model composed of the known and determined items of an actual AUV is put forward and a simulation training method is developed on this basis. Then, in the given deployment method, three independent extended state observers (ESOs) are designed to deal with the unknown items in different directions, and the final controller is obtained by compensating the estimated value of ESOs into the output of the optimal motion control policy obtained through simulation training. Finally, soft actor-critic is chosen as deep RL algorithm of the framework, and the generality and effectiveness of the proposed method are verified in four different AUV motion control tasks.

Strengthening teaching capacities for nurse lecturers: An initial report

Objectives: To assess the prior knowledge of teaching methods among nurse lecturers before participating in the train-of-trainer workshop, namely “Covid-19 and Nursing Education: Strengthening nurse lecturers’ teaching capacities and learning environments for the new nornal”. Subjects and methods: A cross - sectional study was used to assess the knowledge of teaching methods of all nurse lectures from five nursing schools. An online survey, which had 25 items related to 05 topics in the workshop, was developed. Results: 26 nurse lecturers completed this online survey. The results of the pre-test survey showed that the average score of knowledge about teaching methods was 12 (± 2.8) with the possible score ranged from 0 - 25 points. Only 02 lecturers correctly answered 19 questions out of a total of 25 questions. The most incorrect answers were given by the lecturers in the knowledge area about debriefing techniques in simulation training and peer support methods. Conclusion: The initial results of knowledge regarding teaching methods indicated the need of conducting the training program for nurse lecturers. The study outcome has potential application based on its series of training workshops, teaching demonstration and a combination of quantitative and qualitative evaluation on the effectiveness of the training program.

Personality Traits and the Clinical Environment`s Stress Resources in Nursing Students.

The clinical environment always has been the most stressful course of nursing education. Personality traits can be influential factors in stress resources and responding to stress. The present study investigates the correlation between personality traits and nursing students' stress resources in the clinical environment. This descriptive correlational study was planned and performed on Zanjan University of Medical Sciences nursing students. The research population was 215 students selected by stratified random sampling method from all nursing students in the third to eighth semesters. We used an electronic questionnaire for data gathering, including three sections: demographic characteristics, NEO personality traits, and stress resources in the clinical environment. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The most and least stressful resources were related to the score of unpleasant emotions and interpersonal relationships. We found a significant positive correlation between neuroticism personality traits and all four stress resources (p < 0.05). The results also showed a significant correlation between all scores of personality traits and perceived stress from unpleasant emotions except the openness to experience trait (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the relationship between age, gender, semester, interest, and stress resources in the clinical environment was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Paying attention to the nursing student's clinical performance to maintain the patient's health is vital and unavoidable. Therefore, more than ever in the preclinical course of nursing education, improving the psychological readiness and simulation training method can reduce the harmful effects of the clinical environment's stress resources on their clinical performance.

Origami Box Folding Exercise: A laparoscopic box simulation training and assessment method in facilitating laparoscopic psychomotor skills with minimal preparation

ObjectiveLaparoscopic box simulation training is widely recognized as an assessment tool to facilitate psychomotor skills especially for novice surgeons. However, current commercialized training modules including pegs, gauze, clips, pins etc. are generally costly and relatively inaccessible. We introduce a simple and pioneer surgical training drill, the Origami Box Folding Exercise (OBFE), based on the validated evaluating system of objective structured assessment of technical skills (OSATS) constructed with the scoring system of procedure-specific checklist (PSC) and global rating scale (GRS). Materials and methodsFace and content validation of the OBFE and OSATS are evaluated by five endoscopic experts from two medical centers in Taiwan. This is a prospective observational study analyzing the pre-test/post-test result of OBFE from 37 participants in two individual workshops as training and evaluating method for laparoscopic psychomotor skills. Both the pre and post tests are video recorded with a time limit of 5 min graded by two independent evaluators based on the OSATS scoring system. ResultsThe reliability of PSC, GRS, and intergroup value between PSC and GRS were 0.923, 0.926 and 0.933, respectively. Inter-rater reliability of PSC, GRS, and both were 0.985, 0.932 and 0.977, respectively. Construct validity of PSC and GRS were statistically significant, with p-value 0.006 and 0.001, respectively. ConclusionOBFE enhances laparoscopic psychomotor skills with requirement of a single piece of paper. The associated OSATS tool for a 5-min OBFE test was validated. OBFE training is an efficient training and assessment system to promote psychomotor skills in laparoscopic box simulation drill which requires simple and economical preparation.

A general motion controller based on deep reinforcement learning for an autonomous underwater vehicle with unknown disturbances

This paper studies the application of deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) in the motion control of an underactuated autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) with unknown disturbances. Firstly, a general state space, action space and reward function are designed for motion control problems rather than each specific motion control task, which ensures the generality of our method. Furthermore, a virtual AUV model with partial random disturbances is established, and on this basis, a simulation training method is developed to solve the problems of extremely high risk and extremely low efficiency caused by training in actual experiments. Then, in order to directly deploy the optimal control policy obtained through simulation training to an actual AUV, we employ Extended State Observers (ESOs) to estimate the unknown disturbances in five degrees of freedom, and give a deployment method using the estimated values as the disturbance state vector and compensation vector. Combining the above training method and deployment method, a novel general motion controller is proposed. Finally, four different AUV motion control simulations are carried out, and the results confirm the generality and effectiveness of our proposed controller.

IMPROVEMENT OF TRAINING TECHNOLOGIES IN PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF DENTISTS

Abstract. The high level of knowledge and practical skills of graduates of the Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov, the desire and ability of teamwork to a certain extent determine the development of dentistry. The quality of education, set by federal educational standards, is possible through a modular organization of education. The modularity of training makes it possible to quickly update the educational program and take into account the developmental features of a given region and the requirements of employers. The system of specialty and additional professional education today implies the use of simulation training, the introduction of training models based on professional, contextual, gaming and information-computer technologies, which makes it possible to improve the professional training of future dentists. Based on this, there is a need to form more modern forms of education. The aim of the study. To conduct a comparative analysis of the possibilities of optimizing educational technologies in the preparation of a dentist with the introduction of competency-oriented classes into the training program aimed at teaching the dentist the skills of interaction with patients and medical staff. Material and methods. The object of the study were students, students and cadets of the Military Medical Academy, studying in the profile "Dentistry". The criteria for assessing the quality of education were based on the performance rating of cadets and students, as well as the results of the state final certification. Results and discussion. It was noted that in practical classes, students practically stopped accepting patients. Therefore, the role of work practice should include not only the development of practical skills, but also training in communication skills in the dental department (clinic) with patients and medical colleagues. The use of simulation training methods, which are actively introduced into the education system at the Department of General Dentistry of the Military Medical Academy named after. S.M. Kirov, is a learning process in which the student performs actions in an environment that simulates a real one, using phantom learning tools. Working on one phantom-simulator at once by several students, acting doctors of various dental specialties, helps to form team skills in treating a patient. Conclusions. Another important technology in the education of a dentist is work practice. The most optimal form for teaching practical skills is classes in simulation or phantom centers at dental clinics, which should provide multidisciplinary thinking through the interaction of students from different dental specialties. A team approach reduces the number of complications, improves the quality of dental care, and increases patient satisfaction with dental care.

Improvement of nurses' knowledge of primary nursing role in professional service using simulation method

This study aims to improve the application of professional care services in nursing using the simulation method. A quasi-experimental design was applied to the 68 first-line managers working in seven headroom in a psychiatric hospital in Indonesia. The participants were selected through non-probability sampling for one month. The instrument used was the level of knowledge about the primary nursing role; it includes 20 items in 4 domains. The intervention in this study was a simulation of the role of a professional nurse by a trainer which was followed by each group of participants. Descriptive statistics and the Wilcoxon test were used to analyze the data. The mean level of participants' knowledge scores increased from 32,65 to 72, 06. Moreover, there was a statistically significant between before and after the intervention of participants' knowledge (Z= −6.980, p &lt; 0.001). There was an improvement in the level of knowledge of first-line manager who was trained in professional services. Therefore, it is recommended that the necessary measures be taken to improve nursing professionalism through the simulation training method.

Implementation of Innovative Technologies in the Formation of Practical Competence of Nurses

The peculiarities of the practical activity of a nurse make it possible to determine that a significant proportion of their activities — the provision of primary medical and social care, the organization of preventive and rehabilitation measures, requires the mastery of general and professional competencies, for the formation of which we offer a set of simulation training methods in the form of a consistent introduction of non-game and game methods on the basis of A.A. Verbitsky’s theory of contextual learning, in terms of the transformation of educational and cognitive activity into a professional one through a quasi-professional one.

ВНЕДРЕНИЕ СИСТЕМЫ НЕПРЕРЫВНОГО МЕДИЦИНСКОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ НА КАФЕДРЕ ОБЩЕЙ СТОМАТОЛОГИИ ВОЕННО-МЕДИЦИНСКОЙ АКАДЕМИИ ИМ.С.М. КИРОВА

Abstract. The transition from a certification system to a system of accreditation of medical workers has raised quite a few questions. Given the emergence of the latest methods of treatment, the emergence of new dental materials and equipment, dentists need to constantly improve their knowledge and practical skills. The requirements of the regulatory documents of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia and the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation in the field of postgraduate education of specialists with higher medical education fully apply to the system of postgraduate and additional training of medical officers. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the introduction of new methods of continuous medical education of dental specialists. Material and methods. At the Department of General Dentistry of the Military Medical Academy. CM. Kirov, NMO work programs are formed taking into account the most pressing problems of practical healthcare using national guidelines, clinical recommendations, standards, and scientific research results. Students actively participate in patient consultations conducted by the faculty of the department, work on phantoms, improve existing ones and master new methods of diagnosing and treating patients. Results and discussion. Complexes of control and evaluation materials for each module (tests, situational tasks, archive of CBCT and X-rays), examination questions and tickets for the types of training have been developed. At the end of the cycles, teachers of the Department of General Dentistry conduct a comprehensive analysis of the theoretical and practical training of students, evaluating the effectiveness of virtual simulation training methods. Conclusions. The main task in the development of the CME system for dentists of military medical organizations is to improve distance education, which will allow them to master new technologies for diagnosing and treating major dental diseases on the job. The Department of General Dentistry has educational, scientific and clinical potential, so work to improve the CME system will continue.

Experience of forming practical skills by four-stage simulation training method

Due to the development of medical science and practice, rapid growth of the industry of medical devices and the introduction of innovative medical technologies, mid-level healthcare workers have to study throughout their working career. Methods of mastering skills and competencies, the use of which should be justified, are improved and modernized. Given the applied nature of nurses and paramedics’ professional activities, the use of simulation trainings is the priority in the range of educational technologies.

THE SPEED OF ATHLETES’ RESPONSES TO DIFFERENT TRAINING METHODS

ABSTRACT Introduction: Taekwondo is a complex reactive sport that requires training in various tactics. Due to its significant impact and antagonism, athletes must master the tactics in the shortest time. Objective: To compare the impact of password and simulation training methods on athletes’ reaction times. Methods: Taekwondo athletes› reactions and striking abilities were studied. The difference between the two training methods on taekwondo athletes’ reaction and striking ability was analyzed by comparing the data before and after the athletes’ training. Results: The mean reaction times of down kick, sidekick, and cross kick after training in the password and simulated training groups were compared, with P values of P=0.020&lt;0.05, P=0.046&lt;0.05, and P=0.028&lt;0.05, respectively, showing statistical difference. In regard to the mean strike time of down kick, sidekick, and cross kick, a comparison of the password training group and the simulated training group resulted in P=0.950&gt;0.05, P=0.417&gt;0.05, P=0.552&gt;0.05, respectively, with no significant statistical difference. Conclusions: The password training method is significantly better than the simulation training method for improving the reaction time. The training methods have no significant effect on strike strength. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

A distributed photoelectric sensing and simulation training method for the UAV swarm

Aiming at the shortage of the training samples in the process of target recognition of the UAV swarm distributed photoelectric sensing system, the distributed photoelectric sensing and training technology based on the loop simulation is studied. This paper discussed the hardware architecture and software architecture of distributed photoelectric sensing and training system, as well as the design of distributed video splicing and target recognition algorithm. Finally, a simple distributed photoelectric sensing hardware in the loop simulation training system applied to UAV cluster was built in the laboratory, and the feasibility of this technology was verified by experiments.

Design, Implementation and Evaluation of Clinical Pharmacology Simulation Training Method for Nursing Students of Tehran School of Nursing and Midwifery

Introduction: Educating students in a safe environment such as simulated centers can be effective in providing educational services and preparation for clinical work. Accordingly, the present study was conducted with the aim of designing, implementing and evaluating clinical pharmacology simulation training method for nursing students. Methods: This study was performed in 2019-2021 in three main phases of design, implementation and evaluation of Pharmaceutical Skills Center in Clinical Skills Center of Tehran School of Nursing and Midwifery. First, the design phase was accomplished by preparing the space and the desired drugs. Due to the prevalence of Covid-19 disease, part of the implementation and evaluation phase was carried out in the virtual context. Before and after the internship, students' knowledge, skills, satisfaction and clinical reasoning were measured using relevant questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics. Result: The mean scores of the three variables in terms of pharmacology knowledge, drug calculation skills and clinical reasoning of pharmacology of nursing students before and after the internship were examined. The results demonstrated that all three means were significantly improved compared to that of before the intervention (P &lt;0.001 and P = 0.001). The mean of total students' satisfaction with pharmacology internship course turned out to be 30.57 (3.2), which indicated the relative satisfaction with the training course. Conclusion: In general, the results of the study indicated an improvement at the level of pharmacological knowledge, clinical reasoning of pharmacology and a significant improvement in pharmacological skills. Despite the limitations of Covid 19, this training method seems to augment the performance of nursing students in pharmacology.

Experience in Organizing Teamwork During Treatment COVID - 19 in the Conditions of the Simulation Center

The aim was to study the development of increasing the effectiveness of treatment of patients with severe and common forms of coronavirus infection, through the optimization of simulation training methods.