Microcontroller Simulation Research Articles

Investigation on the regular and chaotic dynamics of a ring network of five inertial Hopfield neural network: theoretical, analog and microcontroller simulation

Investigation on the regular and chaotic dynamics of a ring network of five inertial Hopfield neural network: theoretical, analog and microcontroller simulation

Design, Development and Testing of Microcontroller Systems Simulator using PIC Microcontroller

The inadequacy or absence of training equipment negatively impacts student performance, achievement and employability. Attempting to address this problem, the study was conducted to design, develop, fabricate and test a microcontroller systems simulator (MSS). The MSS was composed of the mainboard and development board comprising the PIC microcontroller, microcontroller circuits and input and output devices. The MSS was designed using AutoCAD, schematic design and circuit simulation software, and printed circuit board auto-routing software. A computerized cutting machine, laser laminator and ink printer were also used in the fabrication of the MSS boards. Test results showed that 12 and 24 VDC voltage readings were normal, sensors were working with the indicated specifications, and the MSS could perform automatic switching simulations. It was concluded that the MSS can effectively demonstrate microcontroller experiments and switching applications and it conformed to the required voltage and current ratings, electronics and electrical safety standards. It was also found that it is technically feasible to develop a microcontroller simulator utilizing commercially and locally available materials and spare parts.

PENERAPAN TEKNOLOGI CERDAS PENYIRAMAN TANAMAN HIDROPONIK BERBASIS MIKROKONTROLER DAN MULTISENSOR PADA PEMBUDIDAYA TANAMAN HIDROPONIK KABUPATEN MAJENE

Smart technology has provided many benefits for all human activities, including hydroponic farming systems. The consistent challenge in the process of cultivating plants using hydroponic systems is the monitoring of partner farmers in managing plant nutrition. Smart technology, utilizing microcontrollers and multisensors, can enhance hydroponic management, particularly concerning the control of nutrient availability, including saturation, water pH, and water availability in the hydroponic system. The purpose of this activity is to address partner-related issues regarding their lack of knowledge and skills in managing businesses aided by smart technology such as microcontrollers and multisensors and to improve the economic viability of partner businesses by producing nutritious and high-quality vegetables. The method used in this community engagement activity involves initial observation at the partner's business location, theoretical instruction to enhance partner knowledge, and finally, training in the creation and operation of smart technology involving microcontrollers and multisensors in the partner's hydroponic area. Questionnaires were distributed to assess the initial conditions before the training and to measure the success of the training after its completion. The initial observation showed a lack of knowledge about smart technology using microcontrollers and multisensors. Based on this, theoretical training was conducted to improve partner knowledge about smart technology using microcontrollers and multisensors. The theoretical content included 1) technology and innovation in hydroponic plant nutrition, 2) an introduction to microcontrollers and sensors in agriculture/horticulture technology, and 3) a demonstration of monitoring physical parameters and nutrient content of hydroponic plants using the Wokwi simulator. Subsequently, a simulation of microcontroller and multisensory device use was carried out, resulting in an enhancement of partner skills in using microcontrollers and multisensors. The improvement in partner knowledge and skills after participating in this training is evident from the questionnaire results, and partner satisfaction with the conducted training is also evident. The conclusion of this community engagement activity is that partners have gained knowledge and skills after participating in the training on the application of smart technology for microcontroller-based irrigation of hydroponic plants with multisensor systems in hydroponic plant cultivation.

Controlling Pulse-Like Self-Sustained Oscillators Using Analog Circuits and Microcontrollers

Using simulation from analog electronic circuits and from a microcontroller, this paper considers the control or synchronization of pulse-like self-sustained oscillators described by the equations derived from the chemical system known as Brusselator. The attention is focused on the effect of proportional control when the Brusselator is subjected to disturbances such as pulse-like oscillations and square signals. The analog electronic circuits simulation is based on Multisim, while the microcontroller simulation uses mikroC software and PIC 18F4550. In order to determine the intervals for which the synchronization is effective, the equations of the Brusselator are solved numerically using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method. As software used for conducting numerical simulations, FORTRAN 95 version PLATO is used for numerical simulation and MATLAB for plotting curves using the data generated from FORTRAN simulations. It has been shown that the control is effective for some values of the proportional control parameter. A good qualitative and quantitative agreement is found from the results of the numerical simulation and those obtained from the analog electronic circuits as well as those delivered by the microcontroller. Since the oscillations delivered by the heart are pulsed oscillations, this study gives an idea of how to control the heart frequency of an individual whose heart is subject to certain disturbances related to stress or illness, to name just a few examples.

Dynamical behavior analysis of the heart system by the bifurcation structures

The functioning of the heart rhythm can exhibit a wide variety of dynamic behaviours under certain conditions. In the case of rhythm disorders or cardiac arrhythmias, the natural rhythm of the heart is usually involved in the sinoatrial node, the atrioventricular node, the atria of the carotid sinus, etc. The study of heart related disorders requires an important analysis of its rhythm because the regularity of cardiac activity is conditioned by a large number of factors. The cardiac system is made up of a combination of nodes ranging from the sinus node, the atrioventricular node to its Purkinje bundles, which interact with each other via communicative aspects. Due to the nature of their respective dynamics, the above are treated as self-oscillating elements and modelled by nonlinear oscillators. By modelling the cardiac conduction system as a model of three nonlinear oscillators coupled by delayed connections and subjected to external stimuli depicting the behavior of a pacemaker, its dynamic behavior is studied in this paper by nonlinear analysis tools. From an electrocardiogram (ECG) assessment, the heart rhythm reveals normal and pathological rhythms. Three forms of ventricular fibrillation, ventricular flutter, ventricular tachycardia and atrial fibrillation are observed. The results are confirmed by the respective maximum Lyapunov exponents. Considering the cardiac nodes as microchips, using microcontroller simulation technology, the cardiac conduction system was modelled as a network of four ATmega 328P microcontrollers. A similarity with the results obtained numerically can be observed.

Analysis of the dynamics of new models of nonlinear systems with state variable damping and elastic coefficients

This paper, is an analysis of the dynamics of new models of nonlinear systems in which the state damping variables with elastic coefficients, given by functions ccos⁡(px), csin⁡(px), ccos⁡(px˙) and csin⁡(px˙) are investigated in their autonomous and excited states. They exhibit periodic regions of stability and instability in their autonomous states and a rich dynamic behavior. The analysis of limit cycles shows the presence of isolated curves around the origin (0.0), which explains the presence of periodic solutions (limit cycles). The dynamics obtained allows to describe qualitatively the cardiac activity (artificial pacemaker). A chaos analysis shows the appearance of regular and chaotic behaviors. These studies allowed us to show the effect of the damping of the state variable and the elastic coefficients on the dynamics of these models. The presence of analog functions makes the experimental study complex. An implementation based on microcontroller simulation technology has been proposed. The microcontroller results are consistent with the numerical results.

Design of Microcontroller Based Cost Effective Portable Detection Circuit for Pesticide Recognition

Excessive use of pesticides for better agricultural productivity poses serious threats to human health. Depending upon the duration and dose of exposure, deleterious effects may be intense or moderate, which may be one of the root causes of several diseases such as diabetes, asthma, cancer, cardiac attack, fertility defects etc. Inhibition of an acetylcholinesterase enzyme activity is commonly associated with pesticide exposure and as a result acetylcholine levels are elevated in blood of an exposed person. Common tools for detection of pesticide exposure measure an enzyme activity for acetylcholinesterase (ACHE), an important enzyme that regulates the neuro transmission functions in the human body. Proposed work includes an electronic design and simulation of microcontroller based portable detection circuit using electrochemical amperometric instrumentation for measurement of an acetylcholinesterase concentration in human blood. Handheld detection circuit consists of AT89C51 microcontroller, Analog to digital converter ADC0804 and Liquid Crystal Display Module LM016L.To program the microcontroller, Embedded C is used, due to their inherent characteristics of adaptability and portability across a wide assortment of hardware platforms. The developed detection circuit for biomonitoring of pesticides is cheap, flexible and covers wide range as compared to commercially available ones.

Development of Arduino Assisted Microcontroller Instructional Devices in Vocational High Schools

This development research aims to find out: (1) feasibility, (2) functioning, and (3) the effectiveness of the arduino-assisted microcontroller assisted devices with the arduino simulator Xevro version 1.5 as a learning media for the material programming of microcontroller programming skills in Mechatronics Engineering at the Vocational High School. The subjects of this study were the XI grade students of the Mechatronics Engineering expertise program at vocational high schools N 1 Bawang Banjarnegara and Leonardo Klaten Vocational High School. The results of this study are an Arduino-assisted microcontroller simulation for microcontroller programming material. The results of the feasibility assessment of the Arduino-assisted microcontroller simulation according to the validator are 83.33 so that it is categorized as “Very Worthy” and according to students is 70.98 of a scale of 100 so that it is categorized as “Eligible”. The results of the assessment of the function of Arduino-assisted microcontroller simulations according to the validator are 82.92 so that it is categorized as “Very Worthy” and according to students is 71.55 of a scale of 100 so it is categorized as “Eligible”. This Arduino-assisted microcontroller simulation has an effective impact, because the significance value when tested using the t test is t count = 11.075> t table = 1.983 and Asymp. Sig (2-tailed) <0.05. The level of effectiveness can be seen from the magnitude of the gain value.

Using a 3-D Printed Mechatronics Project to Simulate MEMS Design and Fabrication

Contribution: A semester-long project, geared towards a multidisciplinary group of undergraduate engineering students, to design and simulate a large-scale microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) 2-D optical scanner is presented. Background: MEMS component design and fabrication typically requires a cleanroom and costly high-vacuum equipment; these are not available at many small educational institutions. Conventionally, institutions without cleanroom access teach MEMS courses using lectures and videos, but this fails to engage and motivate students because of the absence of hands-on fabrication and design experience. Application Design: The mechatronics project has students use simple accessible tools, including 3-D printing, servomotors, a microcontroller, and mechanical simulation software to design and optimize a large-scale model of a MEMS optical scanner that simulates the 2-D motion of the actual device. Intended Outcomes: This project involves a hands-on approach designed to improve the participating students’ understanding of MEMS devices; its design and process constraints closely resemble aspects of the MEMS industry. Application Design: In addition to a detailed description of the various components of the project, this paper describes methods to assess student progress, and gives reflections on the project’s implementation. The effectiveness of the project is evaluated through assessment data obtained from a total of 65 students over three semesters. Findings: After introducing the project to the course, instructors saw a great increase in interest, and an improvement in performance. Students showed a significant improvement in their understanding of mask design and fabrication process description, as demonstrated by their final exam grades.

Simulation and Implementation of Microcontroller Based Printed Circuit Board Ready Circuits for Technical Training and Demonstration

The paper presents designed and constructed microcontroller based PCB ready on five automation circuits as an attempt to aid technical education on microcontroller circuits’ simulation in Computer Engineering Technology. The designs were of three stages that include circuit design and simulation by using Proteus software, printed circuit board (PCB) production using manual techniques and construction of five selected circuits (Seven Segment to Display Number 0-9, seven Segment Counter to Count 0-99, Matrix Led to Display A-Z, Digital Thermometer and Motion Sensor to Switch 10 Points of Loads) for purpose of training. The microcontroller programing were done in Mikro C programming platform. The presented hand-on circuits have proved to be instructive to trainees.

Effects of carrying capacity and delay on the dynamics of Lotka–Volterra system: Mathematical, numerical and microcontroller simulation

This work carries out an analytical, numerical and microcontroller simulation of the Lotka-Volterra model. The main objective is to show the importance of analyzing dynamical behaviour of systems through a microcontroller. To achieve this, two main aspects are pointed up: the effect of the carrying capacity and delay. Concerning the carrying capacity, increasing its value in the absence of delay brings predator and prey densities closer, while the system remains stable. As for the second aspect, the delay is considered. An analytical study is made and allows to circumscribe the zones of stability and instability according to the delay for the value of the fixed the carrying capacity. Numerical and microcontroller simulations are made and the results obtained have the same identical behaviours.

Simulation of Microcontroller Based Induction Motor Drive for Sensorless Approach

Simulation of Microcontroller Based Induction Motor Drive for Sensorless Approach

Simulation of Microcontroller Based Perturb and Observe MPPT Controller for Photovoltaic Energy Applications

This paper demonstrates the implementation of P&amp;O MPPT controller. The proposed controller was written and compiled in mikroC and later incorporated to a low cost PIC18F4550 microcontroller. Open loop simulation using Proteus Isis was conducted to test the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Results obtained from simulation proved the effectiveness of the proposed controller making it suitable for hardware implementation.

Design and Simulation of Microcontroller Based Electronic Calendar Using Multisim Circuit Design Software

This paper presents the design and simulation of Microcontroller based Electronic Calendar using Circuit design suite- MULTISIM. Paper calendar has been in existence and is used manually to keep date of each week of the month every year. The emergence of electronic calendar has taken precedence over the paper type. Every electronic device is now integrated with the electronic calendar to enable the user to keep time and date anywhere at any time. This report would enable user to understand the foundational design of the electronic calendar through simulation. The system design was achieved by dividing it into five modules namely power supply, 8051 control system, select and set, day and date, digital clock display. Digit numbers that represent time, date, month, and year were written in assembly language and tested. The simulated system displays accurate time of the day, day of the week, its date, month and year. 8051 Microcontroller controls every unit and the result is shown to the user through seven segments display.

Virtual Development of Automotive Control System

An automotive power window control system was created virtually by integrating electro-mechanical models with a microcontroller instruction set simulator. The electro-mechanical system included such models as a window mechanism, DC motor, H-bridge driver, current sensor, and pulse sensor. The microcontroller simulator also included peripheral functions of timer counters, an analog-to-digital converter and an interrupt controller, as well as the executed object code of power window control software. The virtual power window control system was successfully demonstrated, which shaped a future direction of the control system development.

Simulation Research on Multisim10-Based Microcontroller

Simulation soft wares of Multisim10 computers serve as significant tool for electronic technology designing as well as instructing. Among them, MCU module can realize microcontroller simulation. Lightening process of LED lights controlled by microcontroller 8051 as well as programming and simulation of KS0066 LCD is conducted by taking advantage of MCU module of Multisim. Fundamental operation and simulation approach of MCU module in Multisim10 are introduced. Expected requirements are realized through circuit designing and program simulation as well.

Advanced Circuit Simulation Using Multisim Workbench

Multisim is now the de facto standard for circuit simulation. It is a SPICE-based circuit simulator which combines analog, discrete-time, and mixed-mode circuits. In addition, it is the only simulator which incorporates microcontroller simulation in the same environment. It also includes a tool for printed circuit board design.

C09: Flexible microntroller simulator for testing purposes

The paper describes microcontroller simulator with flexible definition of system configuration and simulation strategies. An important feature of the simulator is the possibility of defining complex network of devices co-operating with the microcontroller chip. These devices can be defined at various abstraction levels as program objects. Test stimuli and system behaviour probing are also programmed in a friendly way. The simulator is supported with various statistical modules, which can characterise operational profile of the application, resource usage etc. Capabilities of the simulator are illustrated for car immobilizer.