Simulation Of Communication Systems Research Articles

Distortion-tolerant on–off keying preemphasis signal transmission for a 10 Gbps indoor visible light communications

Abstract The design and simulation of indoor visible light communication (VLC) system with preemphasis is proposed for 5 m transmission of signal at the data rate of 10 Gbps for receiving only applications like smart TV, smart speaker, and smart home appliance control. The preemphasis driver circuit is designed to reduce the intersymbol interference by pulse shaping the signal and transimpedance amplifier is used to amplify the signal for longer distance transmission. Intensity modulation at the sender side and direct detection at the receiver-side are adopted in this work for the improvement of the system’s overall performance and to decrease its implementation cost. The system performance is analyzed in terms of BER, data-rate, Q-factor, and eye diagrams. The setup is developed, which includes a nonreturn-to-zero (NRZ) generator, preemphasis driver, light-emitting-diode, VLC channel, and receiver with an avalanche photodiode and Gaussian LPF. At 10 Gbps data rate, the maximum transmission distance that can be obtained is 5 m with a BER of less than 10−31.

A review of integrated modeling and simulation of control and communication systems in Smart Grid

In order to provide effective, safe, and dependable grid operation, the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) for real-time monitoring and control of the Smart Grid (SG) has grown in recent years. With such technologies, our system evolved into a complex cyber-physical system (CPS) in which communications networks play an important role in the dynamic performance of SG. Therefore, it is imperative to perform integrated modeling and simulation (IMS) of control and communication systems to evaluate the SG CPS for new control strategies or select appropriate communication technologies for specific applications before implementing them on a larger scale. This paper provides a state-of-the-art literature review about co-simulation, one of the key methods to perform an IMS. The paper starts with a brief review of the SG communication infrastructure, communication, and SG simulators used for co-simulations to give the readers an understanding of the requirements and issues for modeling and simulating SG communication systems. Then, detailed literature about the co-simulation platform covers the individual simulators used, the key features, test case advantages, and the limitations of different co-simulation platforms. In the discussion section, comparative analyses of co-simulation platforms are provided. The review summarizes critical challenges and opportunities in co-simulation, emphasizing the potential of IMS for advancing SG design and operation.

Low complexity and finer granularity quantization scheme for perturbation-based fiber nonlinearity compensation in coherent optical communication systems

In the efficient implementation of perturbation theory-based nonlinearity compensation method for reliable fiber-optic coherent communication systems, different quantization schemes have been proposed to reduce the required computational and implementation complexity. For example, the k-means clustering algorithm focused on reducing the number of perturbation coefficients to alleviate the burden of calculating the perturbation terms. In this paper, from the bit-level architectures of multipliers, we propose a multi-segment mixed-word-length quantization scheme that assigns different word lengths for the quantized perturbative coefficients to save computational resources, where Bayesian optimization is employed to derive the optimal hyperparameters involved in this scheme. The proposed scheme was evaluated by numerical simulations of single-channel and multi-channel optical fiber communication systems with dual-polarization 16-QAM modulation. The comprehensive numerical simulation results show that our proposed scheme demonstrates a complexity reduction of more than 65% without performance degradation compared with the traditional uniform quantization method with fixed-word-length, and was robust to the fiber length and baud-rate. We also carried out an experiment of single-carrier transmission over 18 × 100 km standard single-mode fiber with 20 Gbaud single-polarization 16-QAM signal. Similar to the numerical results, the hardware complexity can be reduced by 70.7% with negligible performance deterioration over the uniform quantization scheme. The proposed scheme shows great potential in real-world applications.

Performance analysis of a hybrid FSO/mmWave/THz system for short-range communication under rain and fog conditions

For fronthaul cellular networks, the suitability of a hybrid free space optical (FSO)/radio frequency (RF) high data rate communication systems such as millimeter wave (mmWave) and terahertz (THz) with reliable connectivity under weather conditions (rain and fog) is proposed and analyzed. The aim of this hybrid system is to suit short-range communication covering 5G/6G and beyond cellular networks. The 4 pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) scheme parallel transmission and adaptive receiver approach is considered for the work. The theoretical work on estimating the attenuation characteristics under various weather conditions is carried out followed by the simulation of a hybrid communication system for obtaining the received power at different link lengths. Based on the received power for a data rate of 1 Gbps signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and bit error rate (BER) is calculated for a link length of 0.2 km, 0.5 km, and 1 km for 4 PAM. For varying fog conditions, mmWave/THz carrier is found to be suitable with a BER of 10−10 at a link length of 0.5 km. For varying rain rates, FSO performs well with a BER of 10−8. The link length and performance can be improved with increased transmit power in both communication systems. The THz carrier offers a high data rate, and a hybrid system is proposed with FSO/THz to have reliable connectivity in harsh weather scenarios.

Design and simulation of secure fiber optic communication system utilizing hill cipher algorithm

Design and simulation of secure fiber optic communication system utilizing hill cipher algorithm

Probabilistic constellation shaping-aided underwater acoustic communication with vector approximate message passing iterative equalization.

A probabilistic constellation shaping (PCS)-aided single-carrier transceiver is proposed to improve spectral efficiency for underwater acoustic (UWA) communications. At the transmitter, the information bits are input into a distribution matcher followed by a systematic binary encoder, which yields a sequence of sign bits with a uniform distribution and a sequence of amplitude bits with a non-uniform distribution. Based on these two sequences, the PCS is then realized by mapping coded bits onto a quadrature amplitude modulation constellation. At the receiver, an improved frequency-domain turbo equalizer based on the vector approximate message passing (VAMP) is proposed for the PCS-UWA communication system to eliminate the multipath interference. It exploits the a priori symbol probability information benefiting from the PCS at the beginning of the turbo iteration and over the self-iteration of the VAMP soft equalizer, improving the symbol detection performance. Finally, the first experimental demonstration of a deep-sea PCS-UWA communication system and numerical simulation of shallower water are presented. The experimental results reveal the PCS-UWA communication system significantly outperforms traditional systems with no PCS. Also, the proposed receiver is superior to the classical adaptive turbo equalizer based on the improved proportionate normalized least mean square algorithm even with data reuse.

Virtual Reality-Based Design and Performance Simulation of Electronic and Communication Systems

Virtual Reality-Based Design and Performance Simulation of Electronic and Communication Systems

Design and simulation of optical chaotic-based secure hybrid optical communication system

Design and simulation of optical chaotic-based secure hybrid optical communication system

Millimeter-Wave Channel Measurements and Path Loss Characterization in a Typical Indoor Office Environment

In this paper, a path loss characterization at millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequencies is performed in a typical indoor office environment. Path loss results were derived from propagation channel measurements collected in the 25–40 GHz frequency band, in both line-of-sight (LOS) and obstructed-LOS (OLOS) propagation conditions. The channel measurements were performed using a frequency-domain channel sounder, which integrates an amplified radio over fiber (RoF) link to avoid the high losses at mmWave. The path loss was analyzed in the 26 GHz, 28 GHz, 33 GHz and 38 GHz frequency bands through the close-in free space reference distance (CI) and the floating-intercept (FI) models. These models take into account the distance dependence of the path loss for a single frequency. Nevertheless, to jointly study the distance and frequency dependence of the path loss, multi-frequency models were considered. The parameters of the ABG (A-alpha, B-beta and G-gamma) and the close-in free space reference distance with frequency path loss exponent (CIF) models were derived from the channel measurements in the whole 25–40 GHz band under the minimum mean square error (MMSE) approach. The results show that, in general, there is some relationship between the model parameters and the frequency. Path loss exponent (PLE) values smaller than the theoretical free space propagation were obtained, showing that there are a waveguide effect and a constructive interference of multipath components (MPCs). Since the measurements were obtained in the same environment and with the same configuration and measurement setup, it is possible to establish realistic comparisons between the model parameters and the propagation behavior at the different frequencies considered. The results provided here allow us to have a better knowledge of the propagation at mmWave frequencies and may be of interest to other researchers in the simulation and performance evaluation of future wireless communication systems in indoor hotspot environments.

Retracted: Construction and 3D Simulation of Virtual Animation Instant Network Communication System Based on Convolution Neural Networks.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1155/2021/7277733.].

Transformer-Based Long Distance Fiber Channel Modeling for Optical OFDM Systems

The fiber channel model plays an essential role in the simulation and design of optical fiber communication systems. However, it is difficult for conventional model-driven modeling to balance accuracy and efficiency, especially in optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems with complex and long-haul transmission. We introduce the simplified Transformer into optical OFDM systems and combine it with the feature decoupled distributed (FDD) scheme for fast and accurate fiber channel modeling. Unlike the popular Transformer architectures, we remove the Decoder part and cancel the self-attention with quadratic complexity, significantly reducing the computational cost. The modeling performance is investigated from the nonlinear fitting capability, accuracy, and generalization ability. The transmission distance ranges from 80 km to 1600 km. The highly matched four-wave mixing (FWM) power, low error vector magnitudes (EVMs), and similar signal-noise ratios (SNRs) demonstrate the high precision and robustness of the model. Furthermore, the modeling is studied under different transmission rates and is proved to be reliable over a wide transmission bandwidth. Compared to the bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM), the Transformer performs better in accuracy and has lower computational and memory costs. For modeling under the same conditions, the required running time of the Transformer is about 60% of Bi-LSTM, less than 1% of the split-step Fourier method (SSFM). The Transformer-based method achieves high precision modeling of the fiber channel in the long-distance and high-rate optical OFDM system and makes a significant breakthrough in complexity.

Common-Mode Emission Simulation of Communication System with Adjacent Metal Chassis Based on Imbalance Difference Model

Common-Mode Emission Simulation of Communication System with Adjacent Metal Chassis Based on Imbalance Difference Model

Data-Driven Method for Nonlinear Optical Fiber Channel Modeling Based on Deep Neural Network

Recently, data-driven fiber channel modeling methods based on deep learning have been proposed in optical communication system simulations. We investigate a new data-driven method based on the deep neural network (DNN) to model the nonlinear fiber channel with the characteristics of attenuation, chromatic dispersion, amplified spontaneous emission noise, self-phase modulation (SPM), and cross-phase modulation (XPM). Demonstration in multiple dimensions, including constellations, optical waveforms, spectra, and the normalized mean square error, shows that DNN can approach the transfer function of the fiber channel accurately. Additionally, the DNN shows good generalization for modulation formats and wavelength schemes. Besides, the time complexity of DNN-based method for modeling nonlinear fiber channel is reduced significantly (96.5%) compared to the conventional model-driven method, which is based on the split-step Fourier method. This work demonstrates that the DNN can model accurately the nonlinear fiber channel that takes account of both SPM and XPM. Therefore, it can contribute to the application of data-driven methods in modern optical communication system simulations and designs.

Resource Operation Intelligent Scheduling Algorithm and System Based on Integrated 5G Public Private Network Communication Network

With the development of the economy, users’ demands for communication systems continue to increase. At the same time, due to the development of technologies such as the Internet of Things, big data, and cloud computing, Internet users’ requirements for communication systems are also increasing. Network application scenarios such as in-vehicle networking, transmission of ultra-high-definition video, and real-time data transmission are emerging one after another. The breakthrough development of 5G communication technology has opened a chapter in the 5G era and has become the key to solving the problem of cellular communication technology. However, in the architecture of advanced networks, it is still a big problem to solve the problem of load balancing and realize the reasonable scheduling of network resources. At the same time, it has also become a hot spot of current research. This paper studies the resource allocation problem in the 5G communication network. Based on the analysis of its communication principle, the communication simulation system in the corresponding scenario is built and improved. At the same time, in order to solve the resource allocation under the new SDN architecture in the core network To solve the problem, a slice resource allocation scheme based on reinforcement learning is designed, and a slice resource allocation algorithm based on DQN (Deep Q-Network) is proposed. By testing the system functions, the superiority of the proposed algorithm in relevant scenarios is verified.

A STUDY ON MATLAB GUI BY USING BINARY BASEBAND COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

This paper presents the MATLAB Graphical User Interface (GUI) mainly used in digital communication and electromagnetics. GUI is powerful tool which is available on MATLAB. It is basically used to design app, which can share live script with others via MATLAB Offline or Online. The MATLAB GUI used to design modules which results in simulation of baseband digital communication system and determines transmission of the Binary Phase Shift Keying signal (BPSK) amid Additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel along with tone jamming background. To reduce the effect of jamming, digital notch filter at the receiver are used. The results of the simulated design modules shows the dissimilarities of the signal corresponding on every section of the communication system. A comparative analysis is done based on illustrated figure. This research also shows the observation and tests by using GUI requires less time as compared to command line interface (CLI) version.

Relationship between the sensitivity and beam splitting ratio, conversion efficiency, and local oscillator power in balanced detection.

Balanced detection, which is becoming increasingly essential for wireless communication and optical fiber communication, has been extensively studied in recent years. However, the relationships between the sensitivity and the other parameters have not yet been comprehensively ascertained. In this work, the relationship between the sensitivity and the local oscillator power Plo, consistency parameter Δα, and beam splitting ratio ε in balanced detection is explored through numerical and communication system simulations. If ε decreases, the sensitivity increases, and the corresponding Plo decreases. With the increase or decrease in Δα, ε corresponding to the minimum sensitivity shifts toward the right or left, respectively. This shift increases with the increase in the absolute value of Δα, and the minimum value of the sensitivity increases. When the absolute values of Δα are equal, their curves are almost symmetrical. As ε approaches 0.5, the tolerable maximum of Plo becomes higher. At any instant, the average value of the quantum efficiency of the two photodiodes is more critical than the maximum quantum efficiency and balance. This work facilitates thorough understanding of the sensitivity of balanced detection, which can be beneficial for future optical communication design.

Guest Editorial Artificial Intelligence in Radio Propagation for Communications

The era of wireless communications began at the turn of the 20th century, when Guglielmo Marconi used electromagnetic waves to transmit telegraph signals from ships to stations onshore <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref1" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">[1]</xref> . To understand how radio signals propagate is critical for wireless communication system design. With the development of wireless communications, much effort has been made to characterize radio propagation in different frequency bands and physical environments. Radio propagation and wireless channel modeling are essential for communication system simulation, channel emulator design, wireless system planning and optimization, and the development of regulations and standards in wireless communications <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref2" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">[2]</xref> , <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">[3]</xref> .

Acknowledge-Based Non-Congestion Estimation: An Indirect Queue Management Approach for Concurrent TCP and UDP-Like Flows

This paper presents a new approach for indirect Active Queue Management (indirect AQM) technique called Acknowledge-based Non-Congestion Estimation (ANCE), which employs end-to-end queue management along a network instead to use Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) bit or to drop packets in the queue. The ANCE performance was compared with Random Early Detection (RED), Control Delay (CoDel), Proportional Integral controller Enhanced (PIE), Explicit Non-Congestion Notification (ENCN), TCP-Jersey and E-DCTCP schemes in a daisychain and in a dumbbell cenario, with TCP flows and UDP-like Networked Control Systems (NCS) flow sharing the same network topology. On the other hand, this paper presents a method for modeling, simulation and verification of communication systems and NCS, using UPPAAL software tool, on which, all network components (channels, routers, transmitters, receivers, plants, and Controllers) were modeled using timed automata making easy a formal verification of the whole modeled system. Simulations and statistical verification show that despite using fewer resources (since ANCE does not need the ECN bit) ANCE presents a very close performance to ENCN overcoming Drop Tail, RED, CoDel, PIE and E-DCTCP in terms of Integral Time Absolute Error (ITAE) for NCS and fairness for TCP flows. ANCE also attains better performance than RED, PIE, TCP-Jersey and E-DCTCP in terms of throughput for TCP flows.

Scheme for Generating True Random Numbers using Electro-mechanical Switches

This paper proposes a novel method for generating True Random Numbers (TRNs) using electromechanical switches. The proposed generator is implemented using an FPGA board. The system utilizes the phenomenon of electromechanical switch bounce to produce a randomly fluctuated signal that is used to trigger a counter to generate a binary random number. Compared to other true random number generation methods, the proposed approach features a high degree of randomness using a simple circuit that can be easily built using off-the-shelf components. The proposed system is implemented using a commercial relay circuit connected to an FPGA board that is used to process and record the generated random sequences. Applying statistical testing on the experimentally generated sequences revealed a high degree of randomness, which proves its viability to modern applications, such as cryptography and communication system simulation and modeling.

Four dimensional hyperchaotic communication system based on dynamic feedback synchronization technique for image encryption systems

&lt;span&gt;This paper presents the design and simulation of a hyperchaotic communication system based on four dimensions (4D) Lorenz generator. The synchronization technique that used between the master/transmitter and the slave/receiver is based on dynamic feedback modulation technique (DFM). The mismatch error between the master dynamics and slave dynamics are calculated continuously to maintain the sync process. The information signal (binary image) is masked (encrypted) by the hyperchaotic sample x of Lorenz generator. The design and simulation of the overall system are carried out using MATLAB Simulink software. The simulation results prove that the system is suitable for securing the plain-data, in particular the image data with a size of 128×128 pixels within 0.1 second required for encryption, and decryption in the presence of the channel noise. The decryption results for gray and colored images show that the system can accurately decipher the ciphered image, but with low level distortion in the image pixels due to the channel noise. These results make the proposed cryptosystem suitable for real time secure communications.&lt;/span&gt;