Simple Object Access Protocol Research Articles

Design on enterprise service bus message conversion protocol based on XSLT

Enterprise service bus (ESB) plays the part as intermediate hubs in enterprise service integration frameworks, and it is to implement the communications of shared contents in different systems. These contents are heterogeneous and message conversion protocols make rule of the transformation among them. This article studies about designing on enterprise service bus message conversion protocol based on extensible stylesheet language transformations (XSLT). It includes three parts of design of the ESB: message conversion frame, message conversion optimization and heterogeneous message integration. The first part introduces the process of service request and response using simple object access protocol (SOAP) in ESB and makes analysis about XSLT file elements. The second part sets up multiple-request message pattern by XSLT processor and ESB pre-defined request message content format based on Schema. The third part optimizes intelligent message conversion in ESB by automatic Schema mapping rule. All the functions help to develop the intelligent message conversion in ESB and improve the efficiency of the conversion.

Information and knowledge management in online rich presence services

Nowadays many information technology services are moving towards online via ubiquitous networks, computing and information at unlimited speed anytime and anywhere with different kinds of technical platforms, especially in Web 2.0. In general, presence information expresses user willingness and ability to communicate with other users across a set of services for real-time communications. Web 2.0 uses the Web as a platform for embracing the interconnectivity and interactivity of Web-delivered content among different online users and communities, which have recently been assumed by the technology of services computing such as Web services. Web services are based on a set of XML standards such as Universal Description, Discovery and Integration (UDDI), Web Services Description Language (WSDL), Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP), Business Process Execution Language for Web Services (BPEL4WS), and etc. The rapid development of Web 2.0 for massive social network collaboration facilitates the “rich presence services” to expose information and knowledge gathered through online social networks which assists intelligent decision making and analysis. Rich presence is described as an enhanced form of presence awareness in which a service can observe other online service/user attributes, such as personal identifiable information, location, time, behavior, movement, type-of-software, type-of-device, and type-of-network. The use of Web 2.0 technologies may generate both user-generated content as well as contextual information about users, for example, their current location and availability. Rich presence also refers to the aggregation of this information that makes presence attributed to consenting services available for use by other services/users. This result generates a consolidation of virtual, physical, and online services into a single richpresence platform based on content-based publish/subscribe services for efficient filtering and dissemination of presence information. Online rich presence services divulge only the availability of other services. In this context, knowledge management comprises a range of strategies and practices used in an online rich presence service to create, manage, coordinate, distribute, and enable adoption of information. Such information comprises knowledge, either embedded in services or embedded in business processes, focuses on organizational quality of services (QoS) objectives such as performance, and competitiveness. Therefore, this special issue aims to examine the information and knowledge management model in this emerging context for the next generation applications. All the 8 papers in this issue will have deep research results to report the advance of online rich presence services such as information discovery, knowledge management, recommendation and collaborative filtering, services compositions, supply chain management, trust framework, grid and cloud computing. In the first paper “Feasilibility and A Case Study on Content Optimization Services on Cloud” (Wong 2013), Wong focuses on content optimization services that modify and reorganize content to reduce the size of content and enhance the performance of processing on the content. Wong presents the economics related to these services with practical considerations when these services are implemented on a cloud, which is typically perceived to be a more economical and scalable option compared to traditional dedicated servers. C. K. Fung Boeing Research and Technology, Seattle, WA, USA e-mail: casey.k.fung@boeing.com

Modelling for efficient network system design considering physical processes and power consumption

The subject matter of this article is a part of a broader and more complex issue: modelling of physical processes and assessment of various variables, such as power consumption, reliability, etc., for the purpose of designing systems, which involve network nodes affected by physical processes. The first part of this article is devoted to presentation of the tool called Energy Simulator. This tool is intended for the purpose of modelling of network systems or processes when power consumption is of interest. The Energy Simulator is constructed as a simulation service able to automatically (i. e. without any human action) construct a model from technical specifications and simulate new / innovative network or system designs and estimate energy use for them. Structurally, the Energy Simulator combines the usage of Simple Object Access Protocol together with calculation / simulation environment. This provides with the possibility of scheduling or parallelization of tasks. For the optimization of existing systems or for designing new ones, consumed energy estimate is a tremendously important part and this new tool could be a handy support for engineers, especially since new governmental laws or directives at the European Union level are being established with strict energy efficiency requirements. The usage of this tool is demonstrated for compressed air systems. We a priori assume that the power consumption in such systems is entirely governed by the thermodynamics of compressed air flow. Implementation of compressed air systems is based on the physical network concept when the system is represented as consisting of functional elements or subsystems that interact with each other by energy flow and variables of physical processes which impact the power consumption.

Consumer Privacy Enforcement in Context-Aware Web Services

Privacy protection constitutes a genuine human right reflected both in the legislation and in different aspects of software engineering. Sensitive information needs to be protected in end-users interaction with Web Services especially in cases, where context-aware features are included. In this work the authors address the inclusion of consumer privacy preferences in the provision of context-aware Web Services. To achieve this the authors propose, on the one hand, a preferences language, where end-users can specify their privacy options, namely Consumer Privacy Language, and, on the other hand, a seamless enforcement mechanism that considers consumer preferences by intercepting and modifying appropriately Simple Object Access Protocol request and response messages. The enforcement approach has been evaluated based on various execution metrics for an example use case consisting of various Web Services and for different users configurations demonstrating the usefulness of the approach assisting towards the provision of privacy-aware environments.

SOAP 성능 분석

In this paper, we make a performance analysis of two kinds of platforms, JAVA and .NET, about SOAP(Simple Object Access Protocol). SOAP is able to use various transport layer protocol but in this paper we suggested methods of performance analysis with using HTTP, TCP, UDP and then we made an performance analysis on the basis of suggested methods. The results of performance analysis may be deduced differently by a system environment and loaded degree of network. Therefore, for precise performance analysis, we made same environment and proceeded.

GRN2SBML: automated encoding and annotation of inferred gene regulatory networks complying with SBML

GRN2SBML automatically encodes gene regulatory networks derived from several inference tools in systems biology markup language. Providing a graphical user interface, the networks can be annotated via the simple object access protocol (SOAP)-based application programming interface of BioMart Central Portal and minimum information required in the annotation of models registry. Additionally, we provide an R-package, which processes the output of supported inference algorithms and automatically passes all required parameters to GRN2SBML. Therefore, GRN2SBML closes a gap in the processing pipeline between the inference of gene regulatory networks and their subsequent analysis, visualization and storage. GRN2SBML is freely available under the GNU Public License version 3 and can be downloaded from http://www.hki-jena.de/index.php/0/2/490. General information on GRN2SBML, examples and tutorials are available at the tool's web page.

Pygrass: An Object Oriented Python Application Programming Interface (API) for Geographic Resources Analysis Support System (GRASS) Geographic Information System (GIS)

PyGRASS is an object-oriented Python Application Programming Interface (API) for Geographic Resources Analysis Support System (GRASS) Geographic Information System (GIS), a powerful open source GIS widely used in academia, commercial settings and governmental agencies. We present the architecture of the PyGRASS library, covering interfaces to GRASS modules, vector and raster data, with a focus on the new capabilities that it provides to GRASS users and developers. Our design concept of the module interface allows the direct linking of inputs and outputs of GRASS modules to create process chains, including compatibility checks, process control and error handling. The module interface was designed to be easily extended to work with remote processing services (Web Processing Service (WPS), Web Service Definition Language (WSDL)/Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP)). The new object-oriented Python programming API introduces an abstract layer that opens the possibility to use and access transparently the efficient raster and vector functions of GRASS that are implemented in C. The design goal was to provide an easy to use, but powerful, Python interface for users and developers who are not familiar with the programming language C and with the GRASS C-API. We demonstrate the capabilities, scalability and performance of PyGRASS with several dedicated tests and benchmarks. We compare and discuss the results of the benchmarks with dedicated C implementations.

User and Machine Authentication and Authorization Infrastructure for Distributed Wireless Sensor Network Testbeds

The intention of an authentication and authorization infrastructure (AAI) is to simplify and unify access to different web resources. With a single login, a user can access web applications at multiple organizations. The Shibboleth authentication and authorization infrastructure is a standards-based, open source software package for web single sign-on (SSO) across or within organizational boundaries. It allows service providers to make fine-grained authorization decisions for individual access of protected online resources. The Shibboleth system is a widely used AAI, but only supports protection of browser-based web resources. We have implemented a Shibboleth AAI extension to protect web services using Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP). Besides user authentication for browser-based web resources, this extension also provides user and machine authentication for web service-based resources. Although implemented for a Shibboleth AAI, the architecture can be easily adapted to other AAIs.

A Study on Knowledge Discovery of Relevant Web Services with Semantic and Syntactic approaches

Web mining is the application of data mining techniques to discover patterns from the Web. Web services defines set of standards like WSDL(Web Service Description Language), SOAP(Simple Object Access Protocol) and UDDI(Universal Description Discovery and Integration) to support service description, discovery and invocation in a uniform interchangeable format between heterogeneous applications. Due to huge number of Web services and short content of WSDL description, the identification of correct Web services becomes a time consuming process and retrieves a vast amount of irrelevant Web services. This emerges the need for the efficient Web service mining framework for Web service discovery. Discovery involves matching, assessment and selection. Various complex relationships may provide incompatibility in delivering and identifying efficient Web services. As a result the web service requester did not attain the exact useful services. A research has emerged to develop method to improve the accuracy of Web service discovery to match the best services. In the discovery of Web services there are two approaches are available namely Semantic based approach and Syntactic based approach. Semantic based approach gives high accuracy than Syntactic approach but it takes high processing time. Syntactic based approach has high flexibility. Thus, this paper presents a survey of semantic based and syntactic based approaches of Web service discovery system and it proposed a novel approach which has better accuracy and good flexibility than existing one. Finally, it compares the existing approaches in web service discovery.

Integration of Wireless Sensor and Actuator Nodes With IT Infrastructure Using Service-Oriented Architecture

A large number of potential applications for Wireless Sensor and Actuator Networks (WSAN) have yet to be embraced by industry despite high interest amongst academic researchers. This is due to various factors such as unpredictable costs related to development, deployment and maintenance of WSAN, especially when integration with existing IT infrastructure and legacy systems is needed. Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) is seen as a promising technique to bridge the gap between sensor nodes and enterprise applications such as factory monitoring, control, and tracking systems where sensor data is used. To date, research efforts have focused on middleware software systems located in gateway devices that implement standard service technology, such as Devices Profile for Web Services (DPWS), for interacting with the sensor network. This paper takes a different approach-deploying interoperable Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP)-based web services directly on the nodes and not using gateways. This strategy provides for easy integration with legacy IT systems and supports heterogeneity at the lowest level. Twofold analysis of the related overhead, which is the main challenge of this solution, is performed; Quantification of resource consumption as well as techniques to mitigate it are presented, along with latency measurements showing the impact of different parts of the system on system performance. A proof-of-concept application using Mulle-a resource-constrained sensor platform-is also presented.

Using Semantic Services in Service-Oriented Information Systems

The development of Internet technologies has produced many advanced utilities such as Web services. The World Wide Web Consortium defines a Web service as “a software system designed to support interoperable machine-to-machine interaction over a network. Other systems interact with the Web service in a manner prescribed by its description using simple object access protocol messages, typically conveyed using HTTP with an XML serialization in conjunction with other Web-related standards.”

Fault‐tolerant timestamp‐based two‐phase commit protocol for RESTful services

SUMMARYService‐oriented architecture provides interoperability and weak coupling features for software development. Representational state transfer (REST) is an architectural style that has attracted attention in the SOA domain as it allows the development of Web services based on original principles of the World Wide Web. Unlike Web service specifications, which are based on Simple Object Access Protocol and Web Services Description Language, REST does not provide ‘official’ standards to address non‐functional requirements of services, such as security, reliability, and transaction control. The timestamp‐based two‐phase commit protocol for RESTful service (TS2PC4RS) algorithm specifies concurrency control of RESTful services during a transaction. An extension of the TS2PC4RS specifies the concurrency control of the Web services considering the update operation to meet some business rules. However, neither algorithm addresses transaction control when failures occur. In long‐term transactions, failures can occur and compromise the success of Web service applications. Two common failures traditionally considered in the analysis of protocols are host and connection failures. The aim of this paper is to address fault tolerance for TS2PC4RS and its extension. A fault‐tolerant protocol based on timeout and log records is proposed. The fault‐tolerant protocol provides support for the host and connection failures that may occur during a transaction execution. The fault‐tolerant mechanisms are used to meet the application domain business rules that guide the behavior of RESTful services. We describe the protocol using scenarios when failures occur. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

UncertWeb Processing Service: Making Models Easier to Access on the Web

AbstractModels are central tools for modern scientists and decision makers, and there are many existing frameworks to support their creation, execution and composition. Many frameworks are based on proprietary interfaces, and do not lend themselves to the integration of models from diverse disciplines. Web‐based systems, or systems based on web services, such as Taverna and Kepler, allow the composition of models based on standard web service technologies. At the same time the Open Geospatial Consortium has been developing their own service stack, which includes the Web Processing Service, designed to facilitate execution of geospatial processing – including complex environmental models. The current Open Geospatial Consortium service stack employs Extensible Markup Language as a default data exchange standard, and widely‐used encodings such as JavaScript Object Notation can often only be used when incorporated with Extensible Markup Language. Similarly, no successful engagement has been seen of the Web Processing Service standard with the well‐supported technologies of Simple Object Access Protocol and Web Services Description Language. In this article we propose a pure Simple Object Access Protocol/Web Services Description Language processing service, which addresses some of the issues with the Web Processing Service specification and brings us closer to achieving a degree of interoperability between geospatial models, thus realizing the vision of a useful ‘model web’.

RESTful Web Services improve the efficiency of data transfer of a whole-farm simulator accessed by Android smartphones

The relentlessly increasing importance and application of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in Agriculture have given birth to a new field called e-Agriculture, which focus on improving agricultural and rural development through a variety of technologies. In this sense, Agricultural Information Systems (AISs) are distributed sources of information that exploit ICTs to make agricultural processes and decision making more efficient. In order to integrate AISs and therefore build added value AISs, Web Service technologies seem to be the right path towards heterogeneous systems integration. However, there is still uncertain which is the best implementation approach to integrate Web Service-enabled AISs and mobile devices, i.e., the remote information accessors by excellence in rural areas. We comparatively explore the outcomes of employing either Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) or REpresentational State Transfer (REST) approaches in a Web Service-enabled whole-farm simulator accessed from Android-powered smartphones. Memory usage was 24% lower in SOAP, but even older and lower-end smartphones have enough RAM to avoid detrimental effects on performance. REST-based approaches broadly incur in less byte transferred compared to SOAP, which has huge implications on costs. That is particularly important when the Internet is accessed via GPRS or 3G protocols and pay-per-byte data plans as in most of Latin America rural areas. However, when unlimited data usage became less costly and more available in such areas, SOAP might be preferred due to the higher maturity of both the protocol and the available developer environments.

Developing Distributed System with Service Resource Oriented Architecture

Service oriented architecture (SOA) is a design paradigm in software engineering for an enterprise sca le which built in a distributed system environment . This paradigm aims at abstracting of application functionality as a service through a protocol in web service technology, namely simple object access protocol (SOAP). However, SOA P have static characteristic and oriented by the service methode, so have restrictiveness on creating and accessing for big numbers of service. For this reason, this reasearch aims at combining SOA with resource oriented architecture (ROA) that is oriented by the service resource use representational state transfer (REST) protocol in order to expand scalability of service. This combination is namely service resource oriented architecture (SROA). SROA can optimize distributi ng of ap p lications and integrati ng of services where is implemented to develop the project management software. To realize this model, th e software is developed according with framework of Agile model driven development (AMDD) to reduce complexities o n the whole stage process ing of software development.

Improvements in the protein identifier cross-reference service

The Protein Identifier Cross-Reference (PICR) service is a tool that allows users to map protein identifiers, protein sequences and gene identifiers across over 100 different source databases. PICR takes input through an interactive website as well as Representational State Transfer (REST) and Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) services. It returns the results as HTML pages, XLS and CSV files. It has been in production since 2007 and has been recently enhanced to add new functionality and increase the number of databases it covers. Protein subsequences can be Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) against the UniProt Knowledgebase (UniProtKB) to provide an entry point to the standard PICR mapping algorithm. In addition, gene identifiers from UniProtKB and Ensembl can now be submitted as input or mapped to as output from PICR. We have also implemented a ‘best-guess’ mapping algorithm for UniProt. In this article, we describe the usefulness of PICR, how these changes have been implemented, and the corresponding additions to the web services. Finally, we explain that the number of source databases covered by PICR has increased from the initial 73 to the current 102. New resources include several new species-specific Ensembl databases as well as the Ensembl Genome ones. PICR can be accessed at http://www.ebi.ac.uk/Tools/picr/.

Developing Distributed System With Service Resource Oriented Architecture

Service oriented architecture (SOA) is a design paradigm in software engineering for an enterprise scale which built in a distributed system environment. This paradigm aims at abstracting of application functionality as a service through a protocol in web service technology, namely simple object access protocol (SOAP). However, SOAP have static characteristic and oriented by the service methode, so have restrictiveness on creating and accessing for big numbers of service. For this reason, this reasearch aims at combining SOA with resource oriented architecture (ROA) that is oriented by the service resource use representational state transfer (REST) protocol in order to expand scalability of service. This combination is namely service resource oriented architecture (SROA). SROA can optimize distributing of applications and integrating of services where is implemented to develop the project management software. To realize this model, the software is developed according with framework of Agile model driven development (AMDD) to reduce complexities on the whole stage processing of software development.

The WTE+ framework: automated construction and runtime adaptation of service mashups

An emerging software engineering methodology is the combination of functionality and content from existing software components into service mashups, creating greater value than the sum of the individual participating building blocks. For businesses, using catalogues of reusable services means agile development of new applications using open communication standards including the Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) for transmitting data, and the Web Services Description Language (WSDL) for defining services. The result is faster adaptation to the changing business environment creating value at reduced development time and cost while increasing revenues. This manuscript presents the developed service management framework and evaluation results of the WTE+ (Web2.0/Telco2.0/Enterprise2.0 with semantics) research project. Main goal is supporting application developers with the automatic construction and runtime reconfiguration of custom-made service mashups at a minimum performance cost without the need for constant IT intervention. Semantically enriched services are automatically combined into custom-made service mashups by the designed planning algorithms. These planning techniques are optimized with late binding and runtime adaptation to changing user-context taking fully into account the quality of service parameters of the available components which are provided at design time and updated at runtime. In addition, recovery mechanisms are provided in case of failed services and/or resources. During mashup execution, unavailable services are dynamically replaced by equivalent ones or alternative service mashups keeping in mind the current execution state. The developed planning algorithms are put through extensive performance and scalability experiments for a typical e-commerce scenario, in which e-shop services such as product payment and delivery are on-the-fly composed to an e-shop application. The results show that an automatic construction of a new application out of existing services can take up between 5 to 43 seconds for 500 services while runtime adaptation takes up to 5 seconds on average depending on the availability of equivalent services.

An Integrated Healthcare Information System for End-to-End Standardized Exchange and Homogeneous Management of Digital ECG Formats

This paper investigates the application of the enterprise information system (EIS) paradigm to standardized cardiovascular condition monitoring. There are many specifications in cardiology, particularly in the ECG standardization arena. The existence of ECG formats, however, does not guarantee the implementation of homogeneous, standardized solutions for ECG management. In fact, hospital management services need to cope with various ECG formats and, moreover, several different visualization applications. This heterogeneity hampers the normalization of integrated, standardized healthcare information systems, hence the need for finding an appropriate combination of ECG formats and a suitable EIS-based software architecture that enables standardized exchange and homogeneous management of ECG formats. Determining such a combination is one objective of this paper. The second aim is to design and develop the integrated healthcare information system that satisfies the requirements posed by the previous determination. The ECG formats selected include ISO/IEEE11073, Standard Communications Protocol for Computer-Assisted Electrocardiography, and an ECG ontology. The EIS-enabling techniques and technologies selected include web services, simple object access protocol, extensible markup language, or business process execution language. Such a selection ensures the standardized exchange of ECGs within, or across, healthcare information systems while providing modularity and accessibility.

Providing and Evaluating the Mobile Web Service Distribution Mechanisms Using Fuzzy Logic

providing adaptive resource intensive Web services from mobile hosts needs to be done in a ra ther light-weight manner to allow continuous service provisioning. Processing and communication will drain the battery rapidly; hence both should be kept at a minimum. This paper describes the outcomes of an investigatio n into offloading and migration mechanisms that facilitate provision of adaptive and distributed mobile Web services. The investigation goes through three phases. The fir st phase integrates these mechanisms with the Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) and Representational State Transfer (REST) architectures producing extended mobile Web service frameworks. This phase is achieved by the implementation of a prototype that allows performance evaluation of both extended frameworks. The evaluation of the load and performance of the distributed service s is taking place using resource intensive applications. The results presented show that basing distributed mobi le- hosted services on REST is more suitable than using S OAP as underlying Web service infrastructure. The second phase relies on the outperforming REST-based framework to examine four distinct strategies for mobile Web ser vice distribution mechanisms. In the last phase, evaluat ion results of the second phase are interpreted as Fuzz y Logic rules. These rule sets are used to trigger and cont rol offloading schemes.