Simple Object Access Protocol Research Articles

Dynamic Hilbert clustering based on convex set for web services aggregation

<div align=""><span lang="EN-US">In recent years, web services run by big corporations and different application-specific data centers have all been embraced by several companies worldwide. Web services provide several benefits when compared to other communication technologies. However, it still suffers from congestion and bottlenecks as well as a significant delay due to the tremendous load caused by a large number of web service requests from end users. Clustering and then aggregating similar web services as one compressed message can potentially achieve network traffic reduction. This paper proposes a dynamic Hilbert clustering as a new model for clustering web services based on convex set similarity. Mathematically, the suggested models compute the degree of similarity between simple object access protocol (SOAP) messages and then cluster them into groups with high similarity. Next, each cluster is aggregated as a compact message that is finally encoded by fixed-length or Huffman. The experiment results have shown the suggested model performs better than the conventional clustering techniques in terms of compression ratio. The suggested model has produced the best results, reaching up to 15 with fixed-length and up to 20 with Huffman</span></div>

Static Hilbert convex set clustering for web services aggregation

<span>Web services' high levels of duplicate textual structures have caused network bottlenecks and congestion. Clustering and then aggregating similar web services as one compressed message can potentially achieve network traffic reduction. In this paper, a static Hilbert clustering as new model for clustering web services based on convex set similarity is proposed. Mathematically, the proposed model calculates similarity among simple object access protocol (SOAP) messages and then cluster them based on higher similarity values. Next, each cluster is aggregated as a compact message. The experiments have explained the proposed model performance as it has outperformed the convention clustering strategies in both compression ratio and clustering time. The best results have been achievable by the proposed model has reached up to (15) with fixed-length and up to (21) with Huffman.</span>

PIRAP: Security Assessment Framework for Heterogeneous Web Service Composition

In recent times, enterprise environments such as E-banking, E-commerce, etc., are greatly affected by the evolution of web services and their associated attacks. The process of web service composition gives rise to security issues due to the incompatibility standards of the Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) and representational state transfer (REST) features and the compromising service-level agreement (SLA) between the end parties which has not been considered yet. Also, the security assessment process needs to cooperate with good security standards and web services. In case of heterogeneous web services, assessment done using machine learning technologies makes use of pattern analysis where this does not work with the evolving trend behind the web service environment. Hence, there is a need for a security assessment model which will incorporate finite state machine (FSM) in its assessment process to keep track of the various WS-attacks that arise in the web application via web services in heterogeneous environments. The proposed model does the web service composition by compromising all the security conflicts that arise due to the usage of dissimilar web services. We experimented the concept by testing several web services and observed that the performance of the proposed framework in attack detection is accurate and automatic thereby achieving traceability and computability metrics.

FPGA Prototyping of Web Service Using REST and SOAP Packages

This Communication reports on FPGA prototyping of an embedded web service that sends XML messages under two different packages, namely Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) and Representational State Transfer (REST). The request and response messages are communicated through a 100 Mbps local area network between a Spartan-3E FPGA board and washing machine simulator. The performances of REST-based and SOAP-based web services implemented on reconfigurable hardware are then compared. In general, the former performs better than the latter in terms of FPGA resource utilization (~12% less), message length (~57% shorter), and processing time (~4.5 μs faster). This work confirms the superiority of REST over SOAP for data transmission using reconfigurable computing, which paves the way for adoption of these low-cost systems for web services of consumer electronics such as home appliances.

SERVING GEOSPATIAL DATA USING MODERN AND LEGACY STANDARDS: A CASE STUDY FROM THE URBAN HEALTH DOMAIN

Abstract. The eMOTIONAL Cities project sets out to understand how the natural and built environment can shape the feelings and emotions of those who experience it. It does so with a cross-disciplinary approach which includes urban planners, doctors, psychologists, neuroscientists and engineers. At the core of this research project, lies a Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) which assembles datasets that characterise the emotional landscape and built environment, in different Cities across Europe and the US. The SDI is a key tool, not only to make the research data available within the project consortium, but also to allow cross-fertilisation with other ongoing projects and later on, to reach a wider public audience. For more than twenty years SDIs have adopted the OGC W*s service interfaces, which are based on SOAP, the Simple Object Access Protocol. In recent years a new “family” of APIs has emerged within OGC, which is more aligned with modern web practices. In this project, we set out to leverage the advantages of this new approach, and compiled a stack to implement an SDI based on OGC APIs. However, we realised that we still need to support the legacy standards, either because an OGC API replacement is not mature enough, or there are no implementations available. This has led us to compile another stack based on the legacy standards. In this paper we describe our architecture, along with the challenges that we had to address. Both stacks are based on OSGeo Software, and they are available on GitHub.

Growth of Individualizing Web Services using APIs: REST and SOAP

Web Services are a collection of open protocols and standards that enable clients and servers to connect with one another. It allows various programmes to communicate with one another. Representational State Transfer (REST) and Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) are the two most extensively utilized web services today (SOAP). REST is an architectural approach, whereas SOAP is an underlying protocol. Both services are used to manage internet communication (www). Both services have advantages and downsides, and it is up to the web developer to decide which the better option is for their purposes. The purpose of this research is to construct a REST API and a SOAP API, respectively, using JAX-RS and JAX-WS, and to compare the two APIs.

Solutions for Vietnam Affordable Housing Database Management

Affordable housing database management has become a social concern that requires urgent actions in the context of rapid urbanization, particularly in urban areas. This discussion paper applies literature review, analysis and consolidation as well as modelling approach to identify outstanding issues in affordable housing management in Vietnam nowadays. Based on such findings, the document proposes a solution to collect and develop the sector database to facilitate future management. It suggests data categories, structure, model and procedures to update, manage and exploit Vietnam’s affordable housing management database. The pilot software of the proposed model was formulated based on the application of web-based system technologies such as Web API, OSM (OpenStreetMap), REST (REpresentational State Transfer), SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol).

GraphQL for the delivery of bioinformatics web APIs and application to ZincBind.

MotivationMany bioinformatics resources are provided as ‘web services’, with large databases and analysis software stored on a central server, and clients interacting with them using the hypertext transport protocol (HTTP). While some provide only a visual HTML interface, requiring a web browser to use them, many provide programmatic access using a web application programming interface (API) which returns XML, JSON or plain text that computer programs can interpret more easily. This allows access to be automated. Initially, many bioinformatics APIs used the ‘simple object access protocol’ (SOAP) and, more recently, representational state transfer (REST).ResultsGraphQL is a novel, increasingly prevalent alternative to REST and SOAP that represents the available data in the form of a graph to which any conceivable query can be submitted, and which is seeing increasing adoption in industry. Here, we review the principles of GraphQL, outline its particular suitability to the delivery of bioinformatics resources and describe its implementation in our ZincBind resource.Availability and implementationhttps://api.zincbind.net.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics Advances online.

CAPABILITIES OF THE SYSTEM «1C: ENTERPRISE» AND GEOSPATIAL SOLUTIONS IN THE FIELD OF SPATIAL DATA MANAGEMENT

The article presents the ways integrating the "1C:Enterprise" software with various application solutions, including geoinformation systems. The purpose of the study is to consider various ways of interaction between "1C:Enterprise" and GIS systems. Various protocols that facilitate integration with such systems, as Open Data Protocol (OData), Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP), as well as a mechanism for supporting Web-services built into the "1C:Enterprise" platform are considered. Methods of representation of spatial data are given. A functional model of data integration is developed and built on the example of interaction with a fairly common geographic information system ESRI ArcGIS Online. A practical application of the integration of the software "1C:Enterprise" and geospatial data management systems is regarded.

Review of Web Service Technologies: REST over SOAP

Recently, most of the web applications depend on the web services to solve the application integration problem. Web service is an intermediate software that allows the interaction between the applications written by different languages. Web Service is a client-server, modular, self-contained, and dynamic application that ensures the communication between the applications via the World Wide Web (WWW). The aim of this paper is to choice right kind of Web services at design stage of the project. Thus, we provide an overview of web services. Next, we clarify the architecture of web services. After that, we focus on the most popular kinds of web services, the Representational State Transfer (REST) and the Simple Object Access Protocol(SOAP) then explain APIs details. Finally, we address the performance evaluation of the previous works and explained the results as comparison between SOAP and REST. A recommendation to use RESTful web services has been concluded from experimental result.

Basic Components of Web Services Architecture: A Survey

Service provided by one electronic device to the other electronic device or devices is generally called as a web service. It may be a block of code that can be remotely accessed and utilized. In the present IT industry web services are playing a vital role in application development by providing a facility of using the existing modules to make up an application without coding from the scratch. This improves the productivity and reduces the overall project development cost and time. This paper provides the basic information of the components that supports the usage of web service along with the web service architecture. The components that are required for the web service architecture such as SOAP: simple object access protocol: used for establishing connection between components, UDDI (Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration):a registry that stores all the web services and WSDL: web service description language.

Internet of Things (IoT) Platform for Multi-Topic Messaging

IoT-based applications operate in a client–server architecture, which requires a specific communication protocol. This protocol is used to establish the client–server communication model, allowing all clients of the system to perform specific tasks through internet communications. Many data communication protocols for the Internet of Things are used by IoT platforms, including message queuing telemetry transport (MQTT), advanced message queuing protocol (AMQP), MQTT for sensor networks (MQTT-SN), data distribution service (DDS), constrained application protocol (CoAP), and simple object access protocol (SOAP). These protocols only support single-topic messaging. Thus, in this work, an IoT message protocol that supports multi-topic messaging is proposed. This protocol will add a simple “brain” for IoT platforms in order to realize an intelligent IoT architecture. Moreover, it will enhance the traffic throughput by reducing the overheads of messages and the delay of multi-topic messaging. Most current IoT applications depend on real-time systems. Therefore, an RTOS (real-time operating system) as a famous OS (operating system) is used for the embedded systems to provide the constraints of real-time features, as required by these real-time systems. Using RTOS for IoT applications adds important features to the system, including reliability. Many of the undertaken research works into IoT platforms have only focused on specific applications; they did not deal with the real-time constraints under a real-time system umbrella. In this work, the design of the multi-topic IoT protocol and platform is implemented for real-time systems and also for general-purpose applications; this platform depends on the proposed multi-topic communication protocol, which is implemented here to show its functionality and effectiveness over similar protocols.

Safety Measures and Auto Detection against SQL Injection Attacks

The SQL injection attack (SQLIA) occurred when the attacker integrating a code of a malicious SQL query into a valid query statement via a non-valid input. As a result the relational database management system will trigger these malicious query that cause to SQL injection attack. After successful execution, it may interrupts the CIA (confidentiality, integrity and availability) of web API. The vulnerability of Web Application Programming Interface (API) is the prior concern for any programming. The Web API is mainly based of Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) protocol which provide its own security and Representational State Transfer (REST) is provide the architectural style to security measures form transport layer. Most of the time developers or newly programmers does not follow the standards of safe programming and forget to validate their input fields in the form. This vulnerability in the web API opens the door for the threats and it’s become a cake walk for the attacker to exploit the database associated with the web API. The objective of paper is to automate the detection of SQL injection attack and secure the poorly coded web API access through large network traffic. The Snort and Moloch approaches are used to develop the hybrid model for auto detection as well as analyze the SQL injection attack for the prototype system.

Performance Evaluation of Request and Response Time for Audio and Video Data Sets

Web services are applications that allow for communication between devices over the internet and are independent of the technology. The devices are built and use standardized eXtensible Markup Language (XML) for information exchange. A client or user is able to invoke a web service by sending an XML message and then gets back and XML response message. There are a number of communication protocols for web services that use the XML format such as Web Services Flow Language (WSFL), Blocks Extensible Exchange Protocol(BEEP) etc. Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) and Representational State Transfer (REST) are used options for accessing web services. It is not directly comparable that SOAP is a communications protocol while REST is a set of architectural principles for data transmission. In this paper, the data size of 1KB, 2KB, 4KB, 8KB and 16KB were tested each for Audio, Video and result obtained for CRUD methods. The encryption and decryption timings in milliseconds/seconds were recorded by programming extensibility points of a WCF REST web service in the Azure cloud..

API Features Individualizing of Web Services: REST and SOAP

Web Services are combination of open protocols and standards to allow communication between client and server. It provides an interoperability between contrasting applications. Representational state Transfer (REST) and Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) are the two main popular used web services now-a-days. REST is an architectural style based, whereas SOAP is a underlying protocol. Both services are used to handle the communication on the world wide web (www). Both services have some advantages and drawbacks and it is the decision of web developer to decide which service is best to use according to its requirements. The aim of this research work is to design a REST API and SOAP API by JAX-RS and JAX-WS, respectively and gives a comparative analysis of Application Programming Interface (API) features (in terms of response time, memory usage, execution speed and so on) of these services by using API testing tool like Postman. This gives insight view of which service is better to use as per requirements. The result of experiments shows that the response time of SOAP is approximate takes 4ms to 7ms more than REST. It has been observed that as number of API increases, SOAP takes approximate 1MB to 2MB more memory usage than REST

SMCA: An efficient SOAP messages compression and aggregation technique for improving web services performance

The Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) is an eXtensible Markup Language (XML) based messaging protocol, which is widely used over the Internet. It supports interoperability by creating access between users and their service providers from the same or different platforms. However, the huge number and the large size of exchanged SOAP messages cause congestions and bottlenecks. Existing techniques based on grouping of XML messages have shown some shortcomings in terms of execution time and compression ratio. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a new technique called SMCA for efficiently compressing and aggregating the SOAP messages. Technically, the proposed technique requires only one passage on all the XML messages to perform aggregation and compression processes. Based on the SMCA technique, the XML data of the same paths are regrouped in one container. The experimental results on real XML dataset verify the efficiency and the effectiveness of the proposed technique.

SUIS: Simplify the use of geospatial web services in environmental modelling

Today environmental scientists heavily rely on geospatial web services (GWS). However, many online facilities are under-utilized by the environmental modelling community because accessing the disparate service interfaces requires highly specialized technical expertise. This paper proposes a Simple Universal Interface for Services (SUIS) framework which is a client framework for accessing heterogeneous services via a single unified interface to simplify service access. The supported services including Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC), Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) and Representational State Transfer (REST) services. SUIS relieves modellers from having to learn the details of service technologies such as protocols, bindings, and schemas. SUIS4j, a Java implementation of the SUIS framework, is developed and tested to combine multiple operational GWS to demonstrate geoprocessing workflows in agricultural drought monitoring and coastal ocean modelling. The results confirm the expected benefits. SUIS is demonstrated to support simplified use of geospatial cyberinfrastructure for ad-hoc environmental model integration.

Spatial Signature Algorithm (SSA): A New Approach in Countermeasuring XML Signature Wrapping Attack

This paper introduces a new approach in countermeasuring XML signature wrapping attack called the Spatial Signature Algorithm (SSA). The motivation for proposing the SSA approach is due to the limitation of the SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) in handling the XML signature wrapping attacks. A different strategy is to be planned in order to deter such attack without extensive computational expense. Spatial Signature Algorithm builds upon the notion of ratio signature that is recommended by a research in biotechnology. The research suggests the possibility of diagnosing a specific disease based on the idea of ratios, specifically on the comparative relationship between elements to detect the emergence of certain threats. Bridging this notion to security, the principle of using space and ratio to detect abnormality is extended to the application of spatial information and digital signature to detect and combat the XML wrapping signature attack.

Penerapan Sistem Absensi Sekolah Menggunakan Fingerprint Terintegrasi Dengan Smartphone Android

The need of student attendance information in schools is a major factor in success of the academic process. Often there are validation and identification errors in the student attendance process (human error or manipulation process) as well as the slowness of information obtained, since the attendance is recorded manually in each class. This has an impact on success of the academic process directly and the community at large. Because the importance of attendance information, various studies have offered the system in the process of student attendance, with various technologies. One popular technology and believed to be validating and identifying well is the fingerprint. Therefore, this paper proposes the introduction of attendance system in schools by utilizing fingerprint technology integrated with android smartphone so that information can be delivered quickly. This study use Fingerprint X-100C as a means of identification of student data at the time of absence then the attendance data will be sent to the system database by SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) Web Service. The system will validate and transmit that information on the android Smartphone via the newly created XML Service. The success rate of this system in processing absence reach around 90,47% with delay time of sending information 0.0024 s This system has been tested and applied to SMK N 1 Indramayu.

On the performance of web services, google cloud messaging and firebase cloud messaging

Smartphones and other connected devices rely on data services, such as Web Services (WS), Google Cloud Messaging (GCM) and Firebase Cloud Messaging (FCM), to share the information they collect or use. Traditionally, these services were classified according to the average number of bytes transmitted or their delivery time. However, when dealing with battery-operated devices, another important parameter to be taken into account is their power consumption. Furthermore, software designers and developers often do not consider the efficiency of a data communication system, but are simply concerned about ease-of-use and response time. In this paper, we compare FCM, GCM and two types of WS, namely Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) and REpresentational State Transfer (REST) WS in terms of delay, data efficiency, and power consumption. The final outcome is that RESTful WS outperforms all others, making GCM and FCM a viable alternative only when the amount of data to be transmitted is very limited, or when the mobile application requires the advanced services offered by FCM or GCM only.