Simple Logistic Regression Analysis Research Articles

Level of IL-6 and IL-8 and their associations with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with type 2 diabetes

non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is indicated by the accumulation of lipids within the hepatocytes exceeding 5% of liver weight without excessive alcohol intake and secondary liver diseases. The efforts of many scientists worldwide are focused on improving the understanding of pathogenic processes and triggers of NAFLD progression, with an emphasis on the simultaneous study of several pathophysiological pathways to identify disorders throughout the disease spectrum. The aim was to examine the serum levels of IL-6 and IL-8 and its associative relationships with anthropometric parameters and metabolic profiles in patients with T2D, depending on the presence of NAFLD. This cross-sectional study involved 375 patients aged 40–80 with type 2 diabetes. They were divided into 3 groups. The control group included 98 T2D patients without NAFLD. The main group included T2D patients with NAFLD, which was separated into two subgroups depending on the level of transaminases: normal (group 2A, n=150) and increased (group 2B, n=127) transaminases group. In order to identify predictors of rapid progression of liver fibrosis in patients with T2D, a sub-analysis was conducted, which included 82 patients from group 2. We found significant relationships between the level of studied interleukins and the components of the metabolic syndrome. Both IL-6 and Il-8 levels are significantly associated with gender, duration and severity of T2D, BMI, ALT, AST and total bilirubin level in a simple logistic regression analysis. However, step-by-step multiple logistic regression analysis revealed no reliable link between both cytokines and NAFLD development. From the other hand elevated IL-8 and decreased IL-6 had a significant effect on the fibrosis progression in patients with NAFLD associated with T2D. Our study has demonstrated significant links between the level of IL-6 and IL-8 and the components of the metabolic syndrome such as obesity or transaminase activity, but not with NAFLD itself.

Association of clinically-measured and dynamic ankle dorsiflexion assessed by markerless motion capture during the drop-jump task on landing biomechanics and risk of ankle injury in military personnel undergoing 10 weeks of physical training.

Determine the influence of clinically-measured maximum dorsiflexion, dynamic peak dorsiflexion and percent of clinically-measured maximum dorsiflexion used during a drop-jump task on landing biomechanics and risk of ankle injury in military personnel. Prospective cohort study. 672 participants (122 women) enrolled. The weightbearing lunge test assessed clinically-measured maximum dorsiflexion averaged across limbs (degrees). Markerless motion capture and force plates collected lower extremity kinematic and kinetic data during a drop-jump task. Percent of clinically-measured maximum dorsiflexion used during landing was calculated as dynamic peak dorsiflexion divided by clinically-measured value, multiplied by 100 (%). De-identified injury data was derived from military physical therapists. Simple linear regression analysis determined the association between dorsiflexion measures and landing biomechanics. Simple binary logistic regression analyses identified predictors of ankle injuries. Statistical significance was set at α = 0.05. Eighteen participants sustained a traumatic ankle injury from a landing. All measures of dorsiflexion were associated with movement patterns that countered the stiff-legged landing strategy with dynamic measures showing a higher predictive value. Protective factors against ankle injury included height (odds ratio: 0.818, p = 0.006) and weight (odds ratio: 0.824, p = 0.023) for women. Relative braking impulse was a risk factor for men (odds ratio: 1.890, p = 0.001). Greater clinically-measured and dynamic measures of dorsiflexion were associated with movement patterns that countered the stiff-legged landing strategy but neither measure of dorsiflexion predicted ankle injury risk. Resultant biomechanics and anthropometrics influenced ankle injury risk to warrant recognition for injury prevention initiatives.

Determinant factor affected the presence of Aedes sp. in a customary village

Vector surveillance and control are the only reliable means for the prevention and control of dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever, such as in Customary Village environments. Indonesia is an archipelagic country that has many Customary Villages, so the variables that affect the breeding of dengue vectors are numerous and complex. This study identifies potential vector breeding places and environmental factors for the presence of Aedes sp. in Customary Villages. A study with a cross-sectional design was conducted in the Segenter Customary Villages, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Simple and multiple logistic regression analysis to identify risk factors associated with the presence of Aedes larvae. The results showed that the entomological index was in the high category and at risk as a potential breeding place for the Aedes sp. The determinant factor that affects the presence of dengue vectors is the traditional type of house (p-value=0.005; RP=2.138). This factor is strengthened by the 70-90% humidity (p-value= 0.009; RP=1.764), 25-30 <sup>o</sup>C house temperatures (p-value=0.011; RP=1.650), and mixed type house (p-value=0.067; RP=1.413). These findings contribute to the development of an early warning system regarding the potential spread of Aedes vector-borne diseases, increase awareness, promote and prevention of dengue fever (DF), and its vectors to healthy tourism in Indonesia.

Profiling and factors associated with glaucoma diagnostic practice in sub-Saharan Africa-a cross sectional study of Nigerian and Ghanaian optometrists

BackgroundGhana and Nigeria are the two countries in Africa that currently run the Doctor of Optometry (OD) program in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Optometrists in these countries are licensed to provide glaucoma care. Despite the clinically relevant practice guidelines for glaucoma, there is no data on the practice patterns for glaucoma eye care in SSA, a region with the highest prevalence of glaucoma. This study aimed to profile glaucoma diagnosis adherence to practice guidelines among optometrists in two neighbouring anglophone countries (Nigeria and Ghana).MethodsA web-based cross-sectional survey of practising optometrists was conducted in both countries. Each country data was weighted to reflect the total number of licensed and practising optometrists at the time of this survey. Descriptive analyses were performed against demography and practice factors using survey commands to adjust for sampling weights when estimating confidence intervals (CI) around prevalence estimates. Simple and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with glaucoma diagnosis.ResultsA total of 493 optometrists (238, 48.3% and 255, 51.7%) from Ghana and Nigeria respectively, responded to the survey-the first to document and compare the glaucoma diagnostic criteria between optometrists in Ghana and Nigeria. More Ghanaian than Nigerian optometrists diagnosed glaucoma and over 90% in both countries reported that they frequently performed either tonometry, visual field testing, or fundus examination during glaucoma diagnosis. Ghanaian optometrists were significantly more likely to diagnose glaucoma than Nigerian optometrists (adjusted odd ratio, AOR = 6.15, 95%CI:1.63–23.15, P = .007). Optometrists who have practiced for more than 10 years (AOR = 7.04; 95%CI:1.74–28.47, P = .006) and private practice optometrists (AOR = 3.33; 95%CI:1.13–9.83, P = .03) were more likely to diagnose glaucoma.ConclusionsThe study provides information for evaluating glaucoma assessment for optometrists in both countries. Optometrists in both countries are reasonably well-equipped to diagnose glaucoma and are practicing at an adequate level, but with room for improvement.

Effects of a community-level intervention on maternal health care utilization in a resource-poor setting of Northern Ghana

BackgroundThis study aimed to assess the effects of health education and community-level participatory interventions at the community level and the use of community maternal health promoters on the utilization of maternal health care services in poor rural settings of northern Ghana.MethodsA randomized controlled survey design was conducted from June 2019 to July 2020 in two rural districts of northern Ghana. A multistage cluster sampling technique was used to select the participants. Data were collected from a repeated cross-sectional household survey. Descriptive analysis, bivariate and covariates adjusted simple logistic regression analyses were performed using STATA version 16 statistical software.ResultsAt post-intervention, the two groups differed significantly in terms of ANC (p = 0.001), skilled delivery (SD) (p = 0.003), and PNC (p < 0.0001). Women who received health education on obstetric danger signs had improved knowledge by 50% at the end of the study. Women who received the health education intervention (HEI) on practices related to ANC and skilled delivery had increased odds to utilize ANC (AOR = 4.18; 95% CI = 2.48–7.04) and SD (AOR = 3.90; 95% CI = 1.83–8.29) services. Institutional delivery and PNC attendance for at least four times significantly increased from 88.5 to 97.5% (p < 0.0001), and 77.3–96.7% (p < 0.0001) respectively at postintervention. Women who had received the HEI were significantly more likely to have good knowledge about obstetric danger signs (AOR = 10.17; 95% CI = 6.59–15.69), and BPCR (AOR = 2.10; 95% CI = 1.36–3.24). Women who had obtained tertiary education were significantly more likely to make at least four visits to ANC (AOR = 2.38; 95% CI = 0.09–1.67).ConclusionsThis study suggests that the use of health education and participatory sessions led by community-based facilitators could be a potentially effective intervention to improve the knowledge of women about obstetric danger signs and encourage the uptake of maternity care services in resource-poor settings of Ghana.

Prognostic Usefulness of Motor Unit Number Index (MUNIX) in Patients Newly Diagnosed with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.

24 ALS patients with short disease duration (<24 months from symptoms' onset) were enrolled and divided according to their baseline DPR into two groups (normal [DPR-N] and fast [DPR-F] progressors). MUNIX values were obtained from five muscles (TA, APB, ADM, FDI, Trapezius) and averaged for each subject. MUNIX was found to predict DPR at follow up in a multivariable linear regression model; namely, patients with lower MUNIX values were at risk of showing greater DPR scores at follow up. The result was replicated in a simple logistic regression analysis, with the dichotomic category "MUNIX-Low" as the independent variable and the outcome "DPR-F" as the dependent variable. our results pave the way for the use of the MUNIX method as a prognostic tool in early ALS, enabling patients' stratification according to their rates of future decline.

Defect angle as prognostic indicator in the reconstructive therapy of peri-implantitis.

To analyze the influence of the characteristics of bone defects caused by peri-implantitis on the clinical resolution and radiographic bone gain following reconstructive surgery. This is a secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial. Periapical x-rays of bone defects, caused by peri-implantitis exhibiting intrabony component, were analyzed at baseline and 12-month follow-up after reconstructive surgery. Therapy consisted of anti-infective therapy along with a mixture of allografts with or without a collagen barrier membrane. The association of defect configuration, defect angle (DA), defect width (DW), and baseline marginal bone level (MBL) with clinical resolution (based on a prior defined composite criteria) and radiographic bone gain was correlated by means of generalized estimating equations. Overall, 33 patients with a total of 48 implants exhibiting peri-implantitis were included. None of the evaluated variables yielded statistical significance with disease resolution. Defect configuration demonstrated statistical significance when compared to class 1B and 3B, favoring radiographic bone gain for the former (p = 0.005). DW and MBL did not demonstrate statistical significance with radiographic bone gain. On the contrary, DA exhibited strong statistical significance with bone gain (p < 0.001) in the simple and multiple logistic regression analyses. Mean DA reported in this study was 40°, and this resulted in 1.85 mm radiographic bone gain. To achieve ≥1 mm of bone gain, DA must be <57°, while to attain ≥2 mm of bone gain, DA must be <30°. Baseline DA of peri-implantitis intrabony components predicts radiographic bone gain in reconstructive therapy (NCT05282667-this clinical trial was not registered prior to participant recruitment and randomization).

Evaluation of Early Screening for Diabetes Mellitus in Pregnancy with Hemoglobin A1c

AbstractEarly diabetes screening is recommended for high-risk pregnant women risk via a 1-hour glucose challenge test (1-hour GCT). Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) can be obtained with initial obstetric laboratories. We sought to examine the relationship between HbA1c and 1-hour GCT for early diabetes screening in pregnancy.This is a retrospective cohort study of 204 high-risk pregnant women who underwent early HbA1c and 1-hour GCT. Simple logistic regression analysis was performed to predict abnormal 1-hour GCT and diagnosis of diabetes using HbA1c.A total of 158 (77.5%), 44 (21.5%), and 2 (1%) women had HbA1c of less than 5.7, 5.7 to 6.4, and 6.5% or higher, respectively. Seven of 158 (4.4%) women with HbA1c less than 5.7% and 8 of 44 (18.2%) with HbA1c of 5.7 to 6.4% had a diagnosis of diabetes. A positive correlation between early HbA1c and 1-hour GCT was detected. Logistic regression showed HbA1c significantly predicted the risk of diabetes but was not a good predictor of abnormal 1-hour GCT. HbA1c of 5.5% or less had a 97% or higher negative predictive value for early diabetes in pregnancy.There is a positive correlation between HbA1c and 1-hour GCT for the early screening of diabetes in pregnancy. Women with early HbA1c ≤ 5.5% could forego further testing in early pregnancy.

Influencing factors of sarcopenia in older adults based on the Newman system model: a case-control study.

Research on sarcopenia has primarily focused on single fields such as physiology or psychology. However, there is a lack of clear evidence to determine the influence of social factors on sarcopenia. Therefore, our aim was to explore the multidimensional factors that contribute to sarcopenia in older adults within the community. In this retrospective case-control study, we applied the diagnostic criteria from The Asian Working Group on Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 to categorize study subjects into control and case groups. Our aim was to examine the impact of physical, psychological, and social factors on community-dwelling older adults with sarcopenia across multiple dimensions. We utilized descriptive statistics, as well as simple and multivariate logistic regression analyses, to analyze the data. We compared the odds ratios (OR) of the factors between the two groups and ranked the importance of the influencing factors using the XGBoost algorithm in Python software. Combined with multivariate analysis and XGBoost algorithm results, it can be seen that physical activity is the strongest predictor of sarcopenia [OR] = 0.922(95% CI 0.906-0.948), followed diabetes mellitus [OR] = 3.454(95% CI 1.007-11.854), older age [OR] = 1.112(95% CI 1.023-1.210), divorced or widowed [OR] = 19.148 (95% CI 4.233-86.607), malnutrition [OR] = 18.332(95% CI 5.500-61.099), and depressed [OR] = 7.037(95% CI 2.391-20.710). Factors associated with the development of sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults cover a multiplicity of physical, psychological, and social factors, physical activity, diabetes mellitus, age, marital status, nutrition, and depression were important factors that have an impact on sarcopenia. ChiCTR2200056297.

Factors Associated with Tuberculosis Mortality in Manjung District, Perak, Malaysia.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a communicable disease which contributes to a major cause of ill health. Worldwide, it is one of the leading causes of death from a single infectious agent. The study aimed to describe the epidemiology and factors associated with TB mortality in Manjung district, Perak, Malaysia. All confirmed TB cases from 2015 to 2020 registered in Manjung district under Sistem Maklumat Tibi (MyTB) were included. Factors associated with TB mortality were analysed by using simple and multiple logistic regression analysis. A total of 742 TB cases were included in the analysis, from which 121 cases (16.3%) died before completing their treatment. The highest death was reported in 2020 (25.7%) and the lowest in 2019 (12.9%). From multiple logistic regression analysis, age 45 years old-64 years old (adjusted OR = 3.62; 95% CI: 1.38, 9.54), > 65 years old (adjusted OR = 8.67; 95% CI: 3.17, 23.74), non-Malaysian (adjusted OR = 5.18; 95% CI: 2.04, 13.14), cases notified by government hospitals (adjusted OR = 6.78; 95% CI: 3.04, 15.09), HIV-positive status (adjusted OR = 8.60; 95% CI: 3.58, 20.67) and HIV testing not offered/unknown (adjusted OR = 2.58; 95% CI: 1.18, 5.62) were significantly associated with TB mortality. This study found that TB patients who were 45 years old and above, positive HIV, late diagnosis and are foreigners had a higher risk for TB mortality. Early diagnosis, optimised screening and close monitoring should be practised to reduce TB mortality.

P-043 Increased paternal age adversely affects live birth rates in oocyte recipient cycles

Abstract Study question To investigate the influence of paternal age on the live birth rates in oocyte recipient cycles Summary answer Increased paternal age appears to have a negative impact on oocyte recipient cycles when adjusted for sperm quality. What is known already While the effect of maternal age on ART outcomes is well established, the effect of paternal age is unclear. Even systematic reviews assessing the impact of paternal age in oocyte recipient cycles have yielded conflicting results. While Morris et al., 2020 could not demonstrate changes in miscarriage rates or live birth rates with increased paternal age, Murugesu et al., 2022 showed an adverse effect of increased paternal age on miscarriages but did not comment on live birth rates. The challenges of systematic reviews are the heterogeneity of the studies and the possible effect of laboratory and clinical practices. Study design, size, duration This retrospective cohort study was conducted at a single centre. A total of 449 IVF/ICSI oocyte recipient cycles performed between January 2015 and June 2022 were examined. Total of 328 cycles resulting in either fresh or frozen-thawed embryo transfers and meeting the inclusion criteria was analysed. The inclusion criteria were donor age ≤35 years, endometrial thickness ≥ 6 mm and a normal endometrial cavity on aqua scan. We excluded cycles with donor sperm or PGT-A. Participants/materials, setting, methods The couples who used donor oocytes because of diminished ovarian reserve, premature ovarian insufficiency, recurrent implantation failure with autologous oocytes or hereditary disease participated. Paternal and recipient ages were grouped according to previous literature to allow for comparability. The primary outcome was the live birth rate and secondary outcomes were clinical pregnancy and miscarriage rates. Simple and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed. Main results and the role of chance The median recipient and paternal ages were 42 years (interquartile range [IQR] 19–50) and 42 years (IQR 19–76), respectively. The mean age of the donors was 26 years (IQR 18-35). 55.5% [N = 182] of the cycles corresponded to fresh embryo transfers and 44.5% [N = 146] to frozen embryo transfers. Indications for using donor oocytes were diminished ovarian reserve 54.39%, premature ovarian insufficiency 5.7%, recurrent implantation failure with autologous oocytes 37.05% and hereditary disease 2.85%. The overall live birth rate was 155/328 (45.7%). Live birth outcome appeared to be significantly reduced in paternal age over 46 years after adjusting for semen parameters according to WHO 2010 criteria and for recipient age, with an OR 1.5 (95%,0.85 to 1.98, p &amp;lt; 0.002). Clinical pregnancy outcome was significantly reduced in paternal age over 51 years with OR 0.62 (95%, 0.31 to 1.89, p &amp;lt; 0.0001). The overall miscarriage rate was 15/328 (4.57%) and it was not possible to perform subgroup analysis by paternal age group due to the small numbers. When both maternal and paternal age were retained in the multivariate model, the probability of live birth decreased with paternal age over 51 years and maternal age ≥40 years with OR 0.88 [0.40 to 1.38 [N = 37]). Limitations, reasons for caution This study has some limitations. This is a retrospective study and its relatively small subgroup sizes affected the statistical analysis of miscarriage results. In addition, we did not include any effect of sperm DNA fragmentation in the analysis. Wider implications of the findings The overall live birth outcome was positive. Whilst the study can be used to counsel couples with increased paternal age, it should not be used to preclude patients from treatment. Trial registration number IRB-003C02-09-21

The effect of induced fetal demise on induction to expulsion interval during later medication abortion: A retrospective cohort

ObjectivesTo investigate the effect of induced fetal demise on the induction to expulsion interval during later trimester medication abortion. Study designThis retrospective cohort was conducted at St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Ethiopia. Later medication abortion cases that had induced fetal demise were compared to matching cases with no induced fetal demise. Data were collected by reviewing maternal charts and analyzed using SPSS version 23. Simple descriptive analysis, χ2 test, and multiple logistic regression analysis were used as appropriate. Odds ratio, 95% CI, and p-value<0.05 were used to present the significance of the findings. ResultsA total of 208 patient charts were analyzed. Seventy-nine patients were provided with intra-amniotic digoxin, 37 patients were provided with intracardiac lidocaine, and 92 had no induced demise. The mean induction to expulsion interval was 17.8 hours in the intra-amniotic digoxin group, which is not statistically different than 19.3 hours in the intracardiac lidocaine and 18.5 hours in the group without induced fetal demise (p-value = 0.61). Expulsion rate after 24 hours was not statistically different among the three groups (5.1% in the digoxin group vs 10.6% intracardiac lidocaine group vs 7.8% in the no induced fetal demise group, p-value = 0.82). Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that inducing fetal demise was not associated with successful expulsion at<24 hours (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.19, 95% CI, 0.03–1.29 and AOR = 0.62, 95% CI, 0.11–3.48, for digoxin and lidocaine, respectively) from induction. ConclusionsIn this study, inducing fetal demise using digoxin or lidocaine prior to later medication abortion was not associated with a reduction in the induction to expulsion interval. ImplicationsDuring later medication abortion with mifepristone and misoprostol, inducing fetal demise may not be associated with a change in the length of the procedure. Induced fetal demise may be required for other reasons.

Association of 25(OH)-Vitamin D and metabolic factors with colorectal polyps.

Studies have revealed the association of vitamin D with specific types of cancer development, however, its correlation with colorectal polyps (CRPs) remains unverified. Our study aimed to investigate the relationship between vitamin D levels, metabolic factors, and CRPs. A cross-sectional study from 2017 to 2019 involving 1306 participants was conducted to investigate the association among vitamin D levels, metabolic factors, uric acid and CRPs in Taiwan. CRPs diagnoses were determined via colonoscopies conducted by experienced gastrointestinal physicians, and biopsied polyps were inspected under a microscope by experienced pathologists. We employed both simple and multiple logistic regression analyses to identify significant factors associated with CRPs and adenomatous polyps, respectively. Our result showed that the prevalence of 25(OH)-vitamin D deficiency (≦ 20 ng/mL) and CRPs was 21.21% and 40.89%, respectively. Multiple logistic regression revealed that the risk of CRPs increased with old age, male sex, hyperglycemia, high triglyceride levels, and low 25(OH)D levels after adjustment for other factors. Besides, low 25(OH)D levels were significantly associated with CRPs risk in women, whereas elevated blood pressure was associated with CRPs risk in men. 25(OH)D Deficiency was revealed to be significantly associated with risk of CRPs in adults over 50 years old. Compared to nonadenomatous polyps, older age, higher 25(OH) vitamin D and higher uric acid levels were at increased risk for adenomatous polyps. Our study revealed that vitamin D deficiency was significantly associated with the risk of CRPs, especially in adults over 50 years old and women. We should therefore be concerned about the CRP risk of vitamin D deficiency and metabolic syndrome (especially hyperglycemia, elevated blood pressure in men, and high triglyceride levels) in this population.

Association of serum periostin levels with asthma control status and severity in children

Objectives Periostin is a promising indicator in the pathogenesis of T-helper type-2 allergic reactions. This study aimed to identify the relationship between serum periostin levels and asthma control in children. Procedure In this study, 90 children were recruited and grouped as follows: 30 children in a control group (group I), and another group comprising 60 children with physician-diagnosed asthma (group II). The control status and severity of asthma in patients were assessed in accordance with the recent Global Initiative for Asthma guidelines. Serum periostin concentrations were examined in all enrolled patients using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Results The median (interquartile range) periostin levels of asthmatic children were substantially higher than those of healthy children [23 (13.1, 48) vs. 15 (10.5, 24); P = 0.015]. Based on a simple logistic regression analysis, serum periostin concentrations strongly correlated with asthma (odds ratio = 1.037; confidence interval = 1.008–1.066; P = 0.012). In a receiver operator characteristic curve analysis, the area under the curve for serum periostin was 0.984, with 100% sensitivity and 95.35% specificity in detecting uncontrolled asthma. Conclusion Serum periostin levels were shown to be a helpful biomarker for assessing childhood asthma control in children.

Knowledge, attitude and practices study of acaricide usage and tick control in South Omo Zone pastoral areas, South-Western Ethiopia

Although acaricide chemotherapy is widely used to control tick infestation in Ethiopia, its effectiveness is uncertain due to misusage by herdsmen. Currently, there is no study being conducted in the South Omo Zone of Ethiopia which shows the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) and associated factors of acaricide usage by herdsmen. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess KAP of 120 (83 male and 37 female) pastoralist and agro-pastoralist of Bena-Tsemay district through structured questionnaire survey. Accordingly, Ivermectin was the most preferred acaricide by majority (62.5%) of the herdsmen. Half (50%) of the herdsmen confessed that price of acaricide is the defining variable for acaricide preference in their location where 60.83% of them obtain acaricides from private drug shops. Majority (60%) of the respondents said that they obtain information about acaricide usage from drug sellers in the vet drug shops. According to 72.50% of the respondents, acaricide application/injection on the infested herd was conducted by the herdsmen. A 95.83% of our interviewee revealed that there was no training or awareness creation being given on how to inject or apply acaricide on tick infested animals. Moreover, all responders (100%) confessed that they didn't have a practice of weighing animals and measuring acaricide dosage prior to injection/application. The incidence of acaricide poisoning on animal and personnel was reported by 19.17% and 22.5% of respondents, respectively. Simple logistic regression analysis revealed that gender (OR = 5.09, OR 95% CI = 2.30–11.72), practice of acaricide rotation (OR = 3.22, OR 95% CI = 1.41–7.64) and personnel preference for acaricide application (OR = 2.66, OR 95% CI = 1.18–6.15) were significantly (P < 0.05) associated with the knowledge score of the respondents. On the other hand, respondent's attitude score was significantly (P < 0.05) associated with their acaricide rotation practice (OR = 3.20, OR 95% CI = 1.39–7.53) and personnel preference for acaricide application (OR = 6.61, OR 95% CI = 2.78–16.93). Similarly, practice of acaricide rotation (OR = 5.31, OR 95% CI = 2.26–12.96) and personnel preference for acaricide application (OR = 7.21, OR 95% CI = 3.03–17.99) were significantly linked with the practice score of the respondents towards acaricide usage. In conclusion, ticks are the major challenge in the study area despite widespread usage of acaricides. Because of extensive misusage of available acaricides, awareness creation should be applied to narrow KAP gaps and to conserve the efficacy of these chemicals. Furthermore, acaricide efficacy investigation (in vitro and in vivo) should be conducted to know the status of commonly used acaricides in the area.

Authoritarian Parenting and Bullying Behavior in Adolescents in Bali

Introduction: Bullying in adolescents harms all parties involved, the victims, perpetrators, bystanders present during the bullying event, and even the institution or schools. One important factor related to bullying among adolescents is parenting style.&#x0D; Methods: This study was a survey study involving the population of adolescents in Bali. A total of 783 eligible students recruited by consecutive sampling technique were participated in the study. Data was collected using a Google form questionnaire that was distributed through a Whatsapp group. Data were analyzed using the simple logistic regression analysis to discover the relationship between authoritarian parenting style and bullying behavior among adolescents.&#x0D; Results: Findings revealed that adolescents with authoritarian parenting styles posed a risk of being bullies by 3.87 higher than adolescents who received permissive and democratic parenting styles (95% CI:1.75 – 8.57) with a significance value of 0.001.&#x0D; Conclusion: This study showed that adolescents with authoritarian parenting have a 3.87 times higher risk of becoming bullies than adolescents who received permissive and democratic parenting.

Prediction of common bile duct stones in acute cholecystitis patients at time of hospital admission

Background Early diagnosis of common bile duct stone (CBDS) is crucial since its presence affects surgical therapy and acute calculous cholecystitis (ACC) has a comparable clinical picture whether or not a CBDS is present. Aim At the time of hospital admission, we sought to discover predictors of CBD stones in acute cholecystitis (AC) patients. Methods Between January 2020 and December 2022, we chose 90 patients who had typical ACC and had previously visited the emergency room at Minia University Hospital in Egypt. The 90 AC patients were split into two groups: the 63 AC patients without CBD stones and the 27 AC patients with CBD stones. The data were obtained and compared between the two groups include gender, age, history of chronic calcular cholecystitis (CCC), white blood cells (WBC), liver function tests (LFT), and common bile duct (CBD) diameter. Results By using simple logistic regression analysis for prediction of CBD stones, old age &gt; 55 years, CBD diameter more than 6 mm and elevated liver functions including total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) was associated with CBD stones. By using multiple logistic regression analysis, only 2 variable showing significant association with CBD stones, including old age &gt; 55 years (P = 0.013, odds ratio 9.26, confidence interval 1.6–53.61) and direct bilirubin (P = 0.008, Odds ratio 55.67, confidence interval 2.89–1072.35). Conclusion Age, abnormal LFTs greater than twofold, and dilated CBD &gt;6 mm in AC patients increase the likelihood of concurrent CBDS. Knowing about these results might assist physicians develop clinical suspicions for an earlier diagnosis and improved management of CBDS.

Risk Factors for Intraoperative Hypothermia during Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate

Introduction: Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) is considered a size-independent gold standard for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and there is no upper limit of prostate weight that can be treated. Tissue retrieval can be time-consuming in cases of significant prostatic enlargement, which may lead to intraoperative hypothermia. As there are few studies on perioperative hypothermia in HoLEP, we conducted a retrospective study of patients who underwent HoLEP at our hospital. Methods: The data of 147 patients who underwent HoLEP at our hospital were retrospectively collected and analyzed for the occurrence of intraoperative hypothermia (temperature <36°C); age, body mass index (BMI), anesthesia method, body temperature, total fluid infusion, operation time, and irrigation fluid were the explanatory variables. Results: Intraoperative hypothermia was observed in 46 of 147 patients (31.3%). Simple logistic regression analysis showed that age (odds ratio [OR]: 1.07, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01–1.13, p = 0.021), BMI (OR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.72–0.96, p = 0.017), spinal anesthesia (OR: 4.92, 95% CI: 1.86–14.99, p = 0.002), and surgical time (OR: 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01–1.06, p = 0.006) were predictors of hypothermia. The decrease in body temperature was more pronounced with longer-duration surgery and reached 0.58°C at 180 min. Conclusion: General anesthesia, instead of spinal anesthesia, is recommended in high-risk patients with advanced age or low BMI to avoid intraoperative hypothermia during HoLEP. Two-stage morcellation may be considered for large adenomas, when a prolonged operative time and hypothermia are anticipated.

The effectiveness of penile curvature treatment by cavernous body rotation and plication of the tunica albuginea

BackgroundThere are several approaches to the surgical treatment of the penile curvature conditionally divided into three large groups: tunica albuginea plication (TAP), corpus cavernosum rotation (CR), and transplantation of various materials. The study aims to compare the effectiveness of TAP and CR techniques in the treatment of penile curvature. There was a prospective randomized study of the effectiveness of surgical treatment of patients with an established diagnosis of the penile curvature from 2017 to 2020 in Irkutsk, Russian Federation. The final analysis of the results included 22 cases.ResultsThe analysis of the comparative intergroup effectiveness of the treatment performed based on the criteria established in the study showed good treatment results in 8 (88.8%) patients in the CR group and 9 (69.2%) patients in the TAP group (p = 0.577). The other patients obtained satisfactory results. There were no negative outcomes. Simple logistic regression analysis showed that the preoperative flexion angle > 60 degrees (OR 2.7; 95% CI 0.12; 5.28; p = 0.040) was significant in predicting the complaints of penile shortening during TAP. Both methods are safe, effective, and bring minimal risk of complications.ConclusionThus, the effectiveness of both treatment methods is comparable. However, TAP surgery is not recommended for patients with an initial curvature of more than 60 degrees.

Factors associated with spinal instability in low back lumbar diseases with leg pain: Analysis of sagittal translation and segmental angulation.

Determining the association between radiographic spinal instability assessment and lower back lumbar diseases with lower limb symptoms can contribute to evidence-based assessment and treatment in clinical practice and rehabilitation. Therefore, radiological evidence of lumbar spine instability assessment, such as sagittal translation (ST) and segmental angulation (SA), is clinically important. To identify factors associated with the assessment of spinal instability in lumbar disc herniation with leg pain and discogenic low back pain using ST and SA. We examined 112 patients with lumbar disc herniation with leg pain and 116 with discogenic low back pain at our clinic from 2016 to 2021. Data on age, gender, sports activities, and occupation were collected from medical records. Additionally, ST and SA of L4 and L5 during maximum trunk flexion and extension were measured using radiography. Simple and multiple logistic regression analyses were used for statistical analysis. Simple logistic regression analysis showed that ST and SA (odds ratio [OR]: 1.11; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03-1.19) were associated with lumbar disc herniation. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that only ST was associated with lumbar disc herniation (OR: 2.29; 95% CI: 1.78-3.00). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that ST was associated with lumbar disc herniation with leg pain and had a stronger association than SA.