Simple Evaluation Model Research Articles

Egress Safety for STUDIO Residential Buildings

In recent years, the number of studio residential buildings has increased significantly in Korea, as well as in many other countries, due to changes in living patterns. In Korea especially, there have been many fire accidents in studio residential buildings, which have caused a huge number of casualties and property damages, because the buildings were not adequately equipped for firefighting. In this study, the egress safety of a typical studio residential building in Korea is analyzed. Fire simulations were performed with variables of the fire location and the capacity of the smoke exhaust system to estimate the available safe egress time (ASET); egress simulations were also performed with the variable of egress delay time, and the required safe egress time (RSET) was determined. Then, the egress safety was evaluated, and the criteria for egress safety evaluation were proposed based on the simulation results. A studio residential building with a floor plan different from the prototype was used to validate the proposed egress safety criteria. Finally, a simple evaluation model is presented to estimate the required safe egress time (RSET) without simulation and to examine the impact of bottlenecks.

Adaptive total variation based autofocusing strategy in ptychography

In ptychography, the axial diffraction distance between specimen and detector is extremely important since the precision of this a prior parameter can strongly affect the quality of reconstruction. However, in experiments, applying a simple evaluation model for image quality assessment (IQA) will result in low accuracy with various specimens in the autofocusing methods. In this paper, we propose an autofocusing strategy with adaptive Lp-norm based total variation (TV) model, which achieves high accuracy of the convergence. It has been verified in optical experiments that our method is applicable to various types of specimens. Besides, the method can work efficiently and stably with poorly estimated specimen-detector distance.

Reliability and Repeatability of the China-Japan Friendship Hospital Typing Classification for Nontraumatic Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the interobserver reliability and intraobserver repeatability of the China-Japan Friendship Hospital (CJFH) typing classification system for nontraumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). Image data of 50 hips were randomly selected in 289 patients (433 hips) with ONFH who underwent treatment in the China-Japan Friendship Hospital from 2012 to 2016. Bilateral hip plain radiography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or computerized tomography (CT) were performed in all hips. The assessments were performed by 8 new residents independently, and the repeatability was assessed at 4-week intervals. Evaluation indicators included the size, location, and extent of necrotic lesions. Kappa values were used to determine the reliability and repeatability. According to the CJFH classification system, 2,800 evaluations were performed with an average interobserver Kappa value of 0.711, and 400 assessments were performed with an average intraobserver Kappa value of 0.748. Reliability analysis indicated a higher reliability and repeatability of this classification system. Critical factors affecting the consistency included the accurate selection of the median coronal plane and definitive tri-pillar division of the femoral head. The CJFH classification system is a simple and direct evaluation model for ONFH with substantial inter- and intraobserver reliability.

Photon Counting LIDAR Based on True Random Coding.

In this paper, a true random coding photon counting LIDAR is described, in which a Gm-APD (Geiger mode avalanche photodiode) acts as the true random sequence signal generator. The true random coding method not only improves the anti-crosstalk capability of the system, but also greatly reduces the 1-bit missed detection caused by the limited Gm-APD count rate. The experiment verifies the feasibility of the true random sequence used in a photon counting LIDAR ranging system, and a simple and intuitive evaluation model of true random sequence autocorrelation is proposed. Finally, the influence of system parameters (mean echo photon number, mean pulse count density, sequence length, mean noise count) on detection probability is explored. In general, this paper proves that the true random code photon counting LIDAR is an effective target detection method, and provides a new idea for the research of an anti-crosstalk LIDAR system.

Indicadores de crecimiento y de uso para las colecciones paleontológicas del IANIGLA-CCT CONICET Mendoza (Argentina)

La evaluación es una herramienta útil en la gestión de una colección de historia natural, que permitirá al curador o gestor conocer los atributos, las necesidades y los recursos necesarios para su manejo. La literatura ha reportado diferentes metodologías para definir el perfil de una colección de historia natural y realizar una evaluación. El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar cuatro colecciones paleontológicas del IANIGLA-CCT CONICET Mendoza durante el periodo 2013-2017, a partir de la utilización de indicadores de crecimiento (cuantitativo y cualitativo) y de uso. Los parámetros analizados indican un incremento paulatino, pero constante, de las colecciones de Paleobotánica, Paleovertebrados y Paleoinvertebrados, y un estancamiento de la colección de Icnología. Los indicadores de uso muestran que las cuatro colecciones son utilizadas fundamentalmente para investigación científica, lo cual es consistente con el objetivo institucional. Ambos resultados justifican, a través de la utilización de un modelo de evaluación simple y confiable, una asignación racional de recursos para mejorar su manejo.

Assessing Chinese coach drivers’ fitness to drive: The development of a toolkit based on cognition measurements

Road traffic accidents resulting in group deaths and injuries are often related to coach drivers’ inappropriate operations and behaviors. Thus, the evaluation of coach drivers’ fitness to drive is an important measure for improving the safety of public transportation. Previous related research focused on drivers’ age and health condition. Comprehensive studies about commercial drivers’ cognitive capacities are limited. This study developed a toolkit consisting of nine cognition measurements across driver perception/sensation, attention, and reaction. A total of 1413 licensed coach drivers in Jiangsu Province, China were investigated and tested. Results indicated that drivers with accident history within three years performed overwhelmingly worse (p<0.001) on dark adaptation, dynamic visual acuity, depth perception, attention concentration, attention span, and significantly worse (p<0.05) on reaction to complex tasks compared with drivers with clear accident records. These findings supported that in the assessment of fitness to drive, cognitive capacities are sensitive to the detection of drivers with accident proneness. We first developed a simple evaluation model based on the percentile distribution of all single measurements, which defined the normal range of “fit-to-drive” by eliminating a 5% tail of each measurement. A comprehensive evaluation model was later constructed based on the kernel principal component analysis, in which the eliminated 5% tail was calculated from on integrated index. Methods to categorizing qualified, good, and excellent coach drivers and criteria for evaluating and training Chinese coach drivers’ fitness to drive were also proposed.

Model hodnocení úspěšnosti malých a středních podniků v procesu internacionalizace

The paper deals with evaluating the success of small and medium-sized companies in in­ter­na­tio­na­li­za­tion process. The process of internationalization is defined in the literature in a many ways; there is a countless variety of different approaches and models of internationalization process of firms. Like all processes in the firm also the internationalization process is accompanied by risks. For risk management it is important to know what the key factors of success are in the international arena. In this article is presented a simple evaluation model that could be used by SMEs to determine not only how strong are they compared to competitors, but also at what level are their key success factors in the process of internationalization. The aim was to find a simple method to help small and medium enterprises to assess their situation in the field of internationalization and to help them identify their strengths and weaknesses in this area. Proposed simple evaluation model has the graphic output from which it can be seen in which areas the company is doing well in internationalization process and in what areas is doing badly – then there is room for further improvement. Creating the model it was essential to divide the various factors into several groups and further evaluation to determine the range by which SMEs can quantify the level of success in internationalization process. Before the model was constructed it was necessary to collect data among small and mid-sized firms, and to process the outputs of the survey. After confirmation or to rejection of the certain hypotheses key success factors of SMEs in the internationalization process were selected and these factors were then aggregated into 4 groups. The model was then applied to data obtained from a survey of 40 SMEs and in the paper there are presented specific examples of graphical output of the model for the best and worst rated company. Authors are aware that the model is simple and has its limits, there is the need of much more work and the authors foresee further modifications of this model.

The approaches to contextual transaction trust computation in e‐Commerce environments

ABSTRACTIn e‐commerce environments, the reputation of sellers is a crucial issue to potential buyers in making decisions. Most existing trust evaluation models compute a single value to reflect the general trust level of a seller without taking any transaction context into account. With such a simple trust evaluation model, a buyer may be easily deceived by a malicious seller in a transaction where the notorious value imbalance problem is involved, namely, the malicious seller can accumulate a high level of trust by selling cheap products and then start to deceive buyers by inducing them to purchase expensive products. In this article, we first present a trust vector consisting of four trust values (termed as CTT values), the computation of each of which is based on both past transactions and the forthcoming transaction. In addition, in the computation of CTT values, the parameters, such as product category, price range, and time range, can be specified and adjusted by the buyer, yielding different sets of trust values that can outline the seller's reputation profile. As a result, the value imbalance problem potentially existing in a forthcoming transaction can be identified. The computation of CTT values requires the pre‐computation of aggregates over large‐scale ratings and transaction data with necessary combinations of three dimensions (i.e., product category, price, and time), so as to deliver prompt responses to a buyer's query on different CTT values. In solving this challenging problem, we propose three new data structures and algorithms that mainly focus on efficient computation of CTT values. Our experiments conducted on both eBay data sets and large‐scale synthetic data sets illustrate the advantages and disadvantages of our proposed approaches when responding to a buyer's CTT queries. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.

Study for Evaluation Method Based on Neural Networks

In human social life, it is often need to make comprehensive evaluation for person, thing , or a project to carry on the classification or evaluation. Analytic hierarchy process is relatively common and the most simple evaluation model. It draw up a series of evaluation index according to the evaluation object. The index may contain multiple child index, according to the relationship between the indexes or artificial factors to determine tie index weight, and get the overall evaluation for objects. The artificial factor is too much, it can not objectively reflect the real situation of the evaluation object. This paper proposed a evaluation method based on neural networks, based on the indexed of the analytic hierarchy process, through using the expert evaluation samples, by the BP neural network to study, so as to get the objective weight of the indexes, and then reflect the real situation of the evaluation objects.

TCTM: an evaluation framework for architecture design on wireless sensor networks

This paper presents an evaluation framework for architecture designs on wireless sensor networks WSNs. We introduce a simple evaluation model: triangular constraint tradeoffs model TCTM to grasp the essence of the architecture design consideration under transient wireless media characteristic and stringent limitation on energy and computing resource of WSNs. Based on this evaluation framework, we investigate the existing architectures proposed in literature from three main competing constraint aspects, namely generality, cost, and performance. Two important concepts: performance efficiency and deployment efficiency are identified and distinguished in overall architecture efficiency. With this powerful abstract and simple model, we describe the motivations of major body of WSNs architectures proposed in current literature. We also analyse the fundamental advantage and limitations of each class of architectures from TCTM perspective. We foresee the influence of evolving technology to futuristic architecture design. We believe our efforts will serve as a reference to orient researchers and system designers in this area.

A year of peer support in Nottingham: lessons learned

PurposeIn April 2010, Nottinghamshire Healthcare NHS trust won Regional Innovation Funding to recruit, train and employ six peer support workers in community mental health teams. At the time, practical examples of the employment of peer support workers were lacking in England. The aim of this paper is to communicate the key lessons learned in this first year of peer support in the hope that these will provide a foundation for other services to build upon.Design/methodology/approachThe project was evaluated using a simple evaluation model reflecting service structure, processes and outcomes, collected through qualitative methods: documentary analysis, semi‐structured interviews and a focus group.FindingsThe peer support employment process has been broken down into its fundamental components (selection, recruitment, training, supervision relationships, recovery approach and discharge of clients) and within each of these sections a brief narrative is provided to explain some of the challenges faced. Each section ends with recommendations based on the lessons learned as a result of the pilot study.Research limitations/implicationsA second paper will examine the nature of peer support: what the peers did with clients and what difference this made.Originality/valueAt present many mental health services are planning to employ peer support workers and this paper provides some early guidance for implementing this process in the NHS.

A year of peer support in Nottingham: the peer support workers and their work with individuals

PurposeIn April 2010, Nottinghamshire Healthcare NHS trust won Regional Innovation Funding to recruit, train and employ six peer support workers in community mental health teams. At the time, practical examples of the employment of peer support workers were lacking in England. An earlier paper focuses on the lessons learned in this first year of peer support. The aim of this paper is to examine the nature and dynamics of peer support: what the peers did with clients and what difference this made.Design/methodology/approachThe project was evaluated using a simple evaluation model reflecting service structure, processes and outcomes, collected through qualitative methods: documentary analysis, semi‐structured interviews and a focus group.FindingsThe six peers worked with 83 clients over the six month period. They offered emotional, practical, social support, support specific to care and support specific to recovery. They felt that the shared knowledge that they too had experienced mental health challenges was critical in engaging with clients in a trusting relationship and in informing their work.Originality/valueIn the absence of English service models for peer support workers, this paper provides some guidance for new peer support teams, and some evidence to support the helpful nature of peer support work.

The Application of SPSS Factor Analysis in the Evaluation of Corporate Social Responsibility

According to the basic idea and the model theory of factor analysis, this thesis explores the applicability of factor analysis in the evaluation of corporate social responsibility. With the detailed examples of the applying of SPSS factor analysis showed in this paper, it is showed the rationality of SPSS factor analysis being applied to social responsibility assessment of thermal power corporate. By essentially analyzing and evaluating the results of SPSS software running out, the most simple and suitable standard evaluation model of corporate social responsibility of thermal power is determined deservedly, and at last this thesis puts forward the prospects of solving the shortcomings of the model. Index Terms—SPSS, factor analysis, corporate social responsibility

A Simple Evaluation Model for Feature Subset Selection Algorithms.

The aim of Feature Subset Selection FSS algorithms is to select a subset of features from the original set of features that describes a data set according to some importance criterion. To accomplish this task, FSS removes irrelevant and/or redundant features, as they may decrease data quality and reduce several of the desired properties of classifiers induced by supervised learning algorithms. As learning the best subset of features is an NP-hard problem, FSS algorithms generally use heuristics to select subsets. Therefore, it is important to empirically evaluate the performance of these algorithms. However, this evaluation needs to be multicriteria, i.e., it should take into account several properties. This work describes a simple model we have proposed to evaluate FSS algorithms which considers two properties, namely the predictive performance of the classifier induced using the subset of features selected by different FSS algorithms, as well as the reduction in the number of features. Another multicriteria performance evaluation model based on rankings, which makes it possible to consider any number of properties is also presented. The models are illustrated by their application to four well known FSS algorithms and two versions of a new FSS algorithm we have developed.

Application of probabilistic fracture mechanics in evaluation of existing riveted bridges

Many existing riveted bridges in China are often required to carry an increasing volume of traffic, usually consisting of vehicles heavier than the original design. Recently Chinese government and engineers have paid more attention to the actual fatigue life and service safety of such infrastructures, and have decided to research evaluation methods using modern technologies. Therefore, based on investigation of fatigue – damage accumulation theory and probabilistic fracture mechanics, the evaluation methods have been developed to calculate the deterministic and probabilistic remaining fatigue life of existing riveted bridges. According to the fatigue failure mechanism of existing riveted bridges, a simple fracture evaluation model and a single-angle probabilistic fracture failure model (SAPFFM) were proposed, and based on Monte-Carlo method, a fatigue reliability analysis program was developed. Finally, as a case study, the fatigue evaluation models were used to predicate the fatigue safety of Zhejiang St...

Development of Dielectric Microcalorimeter

A prototype dielectric microcalorimeter was fabricated from 0.99SrTiO3-0.01SrTa2O6, a dielectric material. To estimate the operation performance of the microcalorimeter, a simple evaluation model is introduced by employing the block diagram formalism. Pulse height and fall time constant of the detection signal are analyzed as a function of the thermal conductance of the heat link. The dielectric microcalorimeter maintained at 100mK was irradiated by 5.5 MeV α-particles emitting from an 241Am source. Responsivity was found to be 2.7x10−19C/eV.

Development of Dielectric Microcalorimeter

A prototype dielectric microcalorimeter was fabricated from 0.99SrTiO3-0.01SrTa2O6, a dielectric material. To estimate the operation performance of the microcalorimeter, a simple evaluation model is introduced by employing the block diagram formalism. Pulse height and fall time constant of the detection signal are analyzed as a function of the thermal conductance of the heat link. The dielectric microcalorimeter maintained at 100mK was irradiated by 5.5 MeV α-particles emitting from an 241Am source. Responsivity was found to be 2.7x10−19C/eV.

From Return on Investment to Added Value Evaluation: The Foundation for Organizational Learning

The problem and the solution. References to training evaluation typically center around the four-level evaluation framework and a return on investment calculation. However, from a practical perspective, there are still issues to be addressed, such as where the evaluation should start, how effect should be measured, and what influence, if any, evaluation should bring to bear on the learning process itself. This article argues that a complete reappraisal of Kirkpatrick is required because the ultimate level for evaluation must be a clear measure of tangible, added value, in monetary terms. Moreover, a determined search for real added value turns a simple evaluation model into a practical tool for organizational transformation through learning.

A simple magnetic refrigerator evaluation model

The simple evaluation model utilizing the selective parameters for the preliminary analysis for magnetic refrigerator (MR) development is proposed in this paper. The magnetocaloric effect and the related magnetic field applied for MR are also discussed. The model and system analysis following the algorithm expressions and the material characteristics required for MR are arranged and derived in related evaluation terms. The simulation results verify the feasibility and applicability for this simple evaluation model.

Explaining variation in the effects of welfare-to-work programs.

Evaluations of government-funded training programs often combine results from similar operations in multiple sites. Findings inevitably vary. It is common to relate site-to-site variations in outcomes to variations in program design, participant characteristics, and the local environment. Frequently, such connections are constructed in a narrative synthesis of multisite results. This article uses findings from the evaluations of California's Greater Avenues for Independence (GAIN) program and the National Evaluation of Welfare-to-Work Strategies (NEWWS) to illustrate why it is important to question the legitimacy of such syntheses. The discussion is carried out using a simple multilevel evaluation model that incorporates models of both individual outcomes within sites and variation in program effects across sites. The results indicate that tempting generalizations about GAIN and NEWWS effects are statistically unjustified but that significant progress might be made in identifying the determinants of program effects in future demonstrations with some changes in evaluation strategy.