Simple Correlation Analysis Research Articles

Pengaruh Media Pembelajaran Terhadap Hasil Belajar Pendidikan Agama Islam di MTs Daarus Sa’adah Cipondoh Tangerang

This study aims to determine the effect of learning media on student learning outcomes in class VII MTs Daarus Sa'adah Cipondoh Tangerang subject of Islamic Religious Education. The hypothesis being tested is that there is a significant effect of learning media on the learning outcomes of class VII students of MTs Daarus Sa'adah Cipondoh Tangerang. This research was conducted using survey and quantitative descriptive methods. The research population was an affordable population, namely class VII students of MTs Daarus Sa'adah Cipondoh Tangerang, totaling 101 students. While the sample was taken by random sampling technique, namely 40 students, taken 39% of the reachable population. The data collected was analyzed using statistical techniques such as regression tests to identify the relationship between the use of instructional media and student learning outcomes. The research instrument for measuring learning media uses a questionnaire (questionnaire). Validity is calculated using the product moment correlation technique. Reliability is calculated by Alpha Cronbach formula. The test results show that 24 items are declared valid, and the reliability of r count = 0.9. The analysis requirements test is the normality test using the Liliefors test and the homogeneity test using the Fisher test. Inferential Analysis (Hypothesis Test) with simple regression and correlation analysis. The results of the study concluded that learning media had a significant effect on student learning outcomes in class VII SMP MTs Daarus Sa'adah Cipondoh Tangerang, with a correlation coefficient = 0.94 at a significance level of 0.05. From these results it is hoped that it will be useful for a teacher to improve the quality of his learning by using the latest and most interesting media so that he can deliver better learning outcomes and better achievement.

Hubungan Sikap, Tanggung Jawab dan Motivasi dengan Hasil Belajar Tematik Kelas V SDN 18 Pontianak Timur

The objective of this study is to examine the correlation between learning attitude, learning responsibility, and learning motivation, and their impact on learning outcomes in theme learning at Sekolah Dasar Negeri 18 Pontianak Timur. The research methodology employed in this study is a descriptive approach, specifically utilizing a style of research known as correlation studies. The present study employed a sample of 33 kids who were in the fifth grade. The data gathering methods employed in this study encompass document analysis techniques and indirect communication approaches, which involve establishing indirect connections or utilizing intermediary instruments, such as questionnaires. The instruments employed for data collection encompass learning attitude surveys, learning responsibility questionnaires, and learning motivation questionnaires. The study employs descriptive statistical analysis to conduct data analysis techniques and examines the association between learning attitudes, learning responsibilities, and learning motivation with student learning outcomes. The investigation utilizes simple correlation analysis and multiple correlations, facilitated by the SPSS application version 25. The study's findings indicate a statistically significant and positive correlation between learning attitude, learning responsibility, and learning motivation, and the thematic learning outcomes of fifth-grade students at Sekolah Dasar Negeri 18 Pontianak Timur. The correlation coefficient of 0.763 suggests a strong relationship. This implies that when students possess high levels of learning attitude, learning responsibility, and learning motivation, their learning outcomes tend to be high. Conversely, when these factors are low, learning outcomes are likely to be low as well.

Relationship between serum vitamin D and thyroid hormone profiles in male patients with alcohol dependence

BackgroundAlcohol dependence (AD) results in several medical problems including vitamin D deficiency and thyroid dysfunction. However, the relationship between these two complications remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to explore the relationship between serum vitamin D and thyroid hormone profiles in male patients with AD.MethodsA total of 117 male patients with AD were enrolled. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as serum concentrations of the main circulating vitamin D, 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D], below 50 nmol/L. The AD patients were divided into two groups accordingly: 46 patients with normal vitamin D levels (normal group) and 71 patients with vitamin D deficiency (deficiency group). The levels of thyroid hormone profiles including total triiodothyronine 3 (TT3), total thyroxine 4 (TT4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (fT3), and free thyroxine (fT4) between the two groups were compared. Correlation between the serum levels of 25(OH)D and thyroid hormone profiles was evaluated using simple correlation (Pearson’s correlation) and multivariable analysis using linear regression models.ResultsThe prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in male patients with AD is 60.7% (71/117; 95% confidence interval: 51.6–69.1%). Moreover, the serum levels of TT3 (t = -2.682, p = 0.009), TT4 (t = -2.033, p = 0.044), fT3 (t = -2.986, p = 0.003), and fT4 (t = -2.558, p = 0.012) in deficiency group were significantly higher than those in normal group. Post hoc power analyses showed that the power for fT3 was sufficient (power > 0.80). Furthermore, univariate analysis showed that the serum vitamin D levels were negatively correlated with the TT3 (r = -0.189, p = 0.044), fT3 (r = -0.350, p < 0.001), and fT4 (r = -0.198, p = 0.033) levels, while multivariate analysis indicated that only fT3 was independently related to the serum levels of vitamin D in male patients with AD.ConclusionsThese results suggested that the serum vitamin D levels may be associated with fT3 in male patients with AD.

The Quality of Friendships in Students Who Experience Trust Problems

Introduction: Conflicts between individuals often clash with friendships; one of the causes is trust issues. Trust issues related to how one thinks about others; The existence of a negative mindset (negative thinking) to friends can damage trust and hurt friendship relationships. This negative mindset can affect the quality of friendships among students. Objective: This study aims to analyze the quality of friendships in students who experience trust problems. Method: One hundred and fifteen respondents have/are experiencing trust problems filling out this questionnaire. The friendship quality category was analyzed using simple correlation and regression analysis. Result and Discussion: The results of this study show that negative thinking patterns and friendship quality in students have a negative correlation. Conclusion: The lower the negative thinking, the higher the quality of the company, and vice versa; the higher the negative thinking, the lower the level of friendship.

Self-improvement in Victims of Sexual Harassment on Social Media

Introduction: Sexual harassment is any action carried out with unilateral consent, the impact of which can cause psychological changes to the victims. Sexual harassment is often directed at women. One of the psychological effects for victims of sexual harassment is self-blame (self-blame), and continuous self-blame can hinder an individual's ability to take steps forward and develop oneself to achieve self-improvement (self-improvement). Objective: This study analyzes Self-Improvement in Victims of Sexual Harassment on Social-Media. Method: The Scale of Readiness for Self-improvement (SRSI) is the measuring tool used. The number of research participants was 115 respondents to female victims of sexual harassment on social media. Data analysis was performed using simple correlation and regression analysis. Result and Discussion: The results show that self-improvement for victims of sexual harassment on social media is highly categorized. Conclusion: There is a negative relationship between self-improvement and self-blame

Pengaruh Budaya Sekolah dan Kompetensi Guru terhadap Prestasi Belajar Siswa di MTs Sirojul Athfal Pancoran Mas Kota Depok

A conducive culture and continuosly updated teacher competency development are crucial factors that are closesly observed to assist student in achieving commendable achievement. The purpose of this reseach are, (1) Find out how much influence school culture has on student achievement, (2) Find out how much influence teacher competence has on student learning achievement, (3) Find out how much the combined influence of school culture and teacher competence affects students learning achievement at Sirojul Athfal High school Pancoran Mas Depok City . The population of this reseach consists of 179 individuals, including all 7Th and 8Th grade student, with a quantitative reseach type,and a sample size of 63 was chosen using the random sampling technique, the data collection technique involves using quistionnaries and dokumentation,data analysis employs descriptive analysis,analysis of prerequisite and hypothesis testing . The result of requirment test used include tests for normality, linearity, multicollinearity and hypothesis testing. In this reseach hypothesis analysis employs simple correlation analysis,simple regression multiple correction , coefficient of determination and F-test. The reseach result indicated that (1) There is a possitive and significant influence between school culture on student learning achievement ,with an influence of 16,3% indicated , with an R value of 0,404 and a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0,163. (2) There is a positive and significant influence between teacher competence and student learning achievement of 25,8% indicated with R value of 0,508 and a coefficient of determination of 0,258. (3) There is a possitive and significant competence on student learning achievement of 30,4% indicated with R value of 0,551and a correlation coefficient of determination of 0,304

Correlations between dendrometric and allometric variables of Eucalyptus benthamii under agroforestry systems in the subtropic of Brazil

The growing interest in integrated agricultural production systems has increased the search for information about the arboreal component, thus, information about the correlations and associations between dendrometric and allometric variables are important. This study investigated the results obtained through simple correlation analysis and its breakdown via path analysis of dendrometric and allometric variables of Eucalyptus benthamii under different integrated systems and monoculture. The following variables were evaluated: diameter at 1.3 m above ground, total height, volume with and without bark, crown radius and biomass components stem wood and bark, branches, leaves and total aboveground biomass. Descriptive statistics showed the great variance of the data with coefficients of variation from 18 to 85.08%. All correlations (Spearman) between allometric and dendrometric variables were positive and 89% were statistically significant (p &lt; 0.05). For the total aboveground biomass as dependent variable, the variables with the greatest direct effects were wood biomass (0.26), volume with bark (0.17) and branch biomass (0.15). With the results of the simple correlation any variable can be used in the modeling of the total aboveground biomass. However, the path analysis makes it clear that some variables have weak associations even with significant correlations of great magnitude.

Associations of Estimated Pulse Wave Velocity with Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference among General Korean Adults.

The correlation between body fat parameters and arterial stiffness is still under debate. This study aimed to examine the associations of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) with estimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV). We utilized data from 14,228 subjects (mean age 53.4 ± 16.8 years; 56.9% were female) from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The ePWV was calculated using a formula based on age and blood pressure. Simple linear correlation analyses revealed significant associations between both BMI and ePWV (r = 0.098; p < 0.001) and WC and ePWV (r = 0.291; p < 0.001), with a stronger correlation observed between WC and ePWV. Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that WC remained significantly associated with ePWV after adjusting for potential confounders (β = 0.020; p = 0.001). However, a statistically significant association was not found between BMI and ePWV (β = 0.011; p = 0.076). Multiple binary logistic regression analysis further indicated that both higher BMI and WC were independently associated with higher ePWV, but the association was more pronounced between WC and ePWV than between BMI and ePWV. These findings underscore a stronger correlation between visceral obesity (as indicated by WC) and arterial stiffness (as indicated by ePWV) compared to overall obesity (as indicated by BMI). This highlights the potential significance of abdominal obesity in assessing cardiovascular risk.

Harga, Kualitas Layanan, dan Kepercayaan pada Transportasi Online Maxim terhadap Kepuasan Pelanggan

This research was conducted to see the effect of price, service quality, and trust on Maxim online transportation customer satisfaction in Jabodetabek. The method used in this research was a quantitative method using multiple regression analysis to measure the effect of one variable on another, and obtained a total of 150 respondents. This research uses two variables, namely the independent variable with the indicator variables Price, Service Quality and Trust. As well as the dependent variable, namely the Customer Satisfaction variable. Based on the results of a simple correlation analysis, a correlation of 0.489 was obtained, which means there is a positive influence between the variables because the R value is positive. Then based on the results of the overall index of Price, Service Quality and Trust, customer satisfaction was 48.9%, which shows a very strong relationship. Looking at the background of this research, Maxim customers are dissatisfied with several service indicators provided, therefore the practical implication of the results of this research that can be carried out by online transportation service providers Maxim is the need to provide service quality that is comparable to several things, such as Maxim drivers responding and implementing suggestions for complaints given by customers, maintaining customer trust so that customers can feel satisfied with the services provided, accompanied by drivers who always maintain cleanliness and tidiness so that customers can feel comfortable when using Maxim's online transportation services.

Advancing Integrated Pest Management: Utilizing Pheromone Traps for Population Monitoring of Plutella xylostella in Cole Crops

Plutella xylostella, commonly known as the diamondback moth poses significant challenges to Cole crops, impacting their growth and ultimately affecting yields. Its rapid reproduction coupled with its ability for developing pesticide resistance has elevated the diamondback moth to a critical concern for farmers and agricultural systems worldwide. The adult population of Diamondback moth was thus monitored during two cropping seasons (Kharif and Rabi season) at three locations viz., Vegetable Experimental Field, Faculty of Horticulture, SKUAST-K, Shalimar, Urban Technology Park, SKUAST-K, Habbak and Ichgam village in district Budgam using two different Plutella xylostella synthetic sex lures (SKUAST-K and Chipku lures). During Kharif season, the adult diamondback population was monitored from 18th to 28th SW with a maximum trap catch in the last week of June (26th SW) at Shalimar; whereas, both in Budgam and Habbak, the highest trap catch was in first week of June (23rd SW). However, in Rabi season, the adult population was monitored from 34th to 44th SW; the highest adult trap catch was in third week of September (38th SW) at Shalimar, though, in Budgam and Habbak, the moth catch peaked to maximum collection in first and second week of October (40th and 41st SW), respectively. During both the seasons and at all the locations, SKUAST-K lure proved more efficacious than Chipku lure. Besides, simple correlation analysis revealed that maximum temperature had positive and non-significant correlation with adult moth catches; conversely, the rainfall and relative humidity was negatively correlated and non-significant with P. xylostella adult trap catches throughout both observed seasons.

The Effect of Resonant Leadership on Happiness at Workplace

The aim of the research is to determine the existence, direction and level of the relationship between resonant leadership and happiness at workplace. The relationship between resonant leadership and happiness at work has been examined for the first time in this study in a national and international context. Simple linear regression analysis, ANOVA, descriptive statistics, second level confirmatory factor analysis, independent samples t-test and Pearson correlation analysis were applied to analyze the data obtained using the questionnaire. The results of the analysis revealed that there were significant differences among the participants in different groups according to their demographic characteristics. As a result of the regression analysis, it was determined that resonant leadership was a significant predictor of all sub-dimensions of happiness at work at the p &amp;lt;.05 level. Correlation analysis showed that there is a significant relationship at p&amp;lt;.01 level between resonant leadership and all sub-dimensions of happiness at work separately. Organizations that evaluate the importance of leadership types during the strategic plan creation phase and scientists who carry out supportive or developmental studies on the relevant subject are expected to benefit from the outputs.

Relationships Between Response Styles and the Hofstede and GLOBE Dimensions of Culture in a Sample of Adolescents From 33 Countries

A number of studies have examined the relationships between response styles and the Hofstede and GLOBE cultural indices; however, studies involving adolescent samples or examining the effects of national wealth on observed relationships are scarce. This study addresses these gaps by applying simple and partial correlation analysis to the data of 15-year-olds in 33 PISA 2006 countries. The study found that the relationships between response styles and cultural indices in the two frameworks are similar to those in past studies of adult populations. After accounting for GDP per capita, the majority of relationships remained unchanged. However, others, such as Hofstede’s power distance and acquiescence and dis-acquiescence, lost significance, and Hofstede’s masculinity and extreme response styles only gained significance when GDP per capita was held constant. The findings highlight the influence of cultural values on students’ questionnaire-response behaviours, which should be recognised in comparative studies.

The association between quality of life and subjective wellbeing among older adults based on canonical correlation analysis.

The study explored the relationship between subjective well-being and the quality of life among older adults. It highlights the importance of understanding how these factors are interconnected in the context of an aging population. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the scores of general demographic characteristics, subjective wellbeing and quality of life. Simple correlation analysis and canonical correlation analysis were employed to analyze the relationship between subjective wellbeing and quality of life among older adults. Data from 892 older adults were collected. Canonical correlation analysis revealed four pairs of canonical variables, with the first four pairs of canonical correlation coefficients all being statistically significant (0.695, 0.179, 0.147, 0.121) (p < 0.05), and the first pair of canonical variables explaining 93.03% of the information content. From the canonical loading coefficients, Vitality and mental health contributed the most to the quality of life (U1) canonical variable. The canonical variable V1, which corresponded to subjective wellbeing, was reflected by a combination of positive affect, negative affect, positive experience and negative experience. X1 (physical functioning), X2 (role-physical), X3 (bodily pain), X4 (general health), X5 (vitality), X6 (social functioning), X7 (role-emotional) and X8 (mental health) were positively correlated with Y1 (positive affect) and Y3 (positive experience), negatively correlated with Y2 (negative affect) and Y4 (negative experience). Cross-loadings revealed that physical functioning, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning and mental health were the main factors reflecting the subjective wellbeing of older adults. As quality of life among older adults was highly correlated with subjective wellbeing, appropriate measures should be taken to account for individual characteristics of older adults, and various factors should be integrated to improve their subjective wellbeing.

Iloko Vocabulary Skills of Grade 3 Learners: Basis for a Vocabulary Enrichment Material

Years passed by when the Philippine education system was changed after the implementation of the K-12 curriculum which included the Mother Tongue with the aim to improve the quality of education. However, Filipino learners are still left behind as based in 2018 PISA report. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the Iloko vocabulary skills of Grade 3 learners during the school year 2021–2022. The respondents’ knowledge of the Iloko language was evaluated using definitions, contextual cues, and direct translation. It covered the various elements influencing the respondents’ Iloko language abilities. Learning resources, parental engagement, and learning styles were taken into consideration as result a vocabulary enrichment material was created. Teacher-made test was used as main instrument in gathering data on the vocabulary skills. Data on the vocabulary level, and significant relationships between components were computed using weighted mean, and simple correlation analysis. Findings revealed that the level of Iloko vocabulary skills of the learners is “Highly Proficient”. Furthermore, the level of factors affecting Iloko vocabulary skills of the learners on learning styles and parental involvement is “Much Evident”, while learning materials is only “Slightly Evident”. Moreover, crafted Iloko vocabulary enrichment material is “Very High”. As recommendation, learners must be exposed and be given the opportunity to study further the Iloko language to enhance their Iloko vocabulary skill. Creation of more learning materials in the development in Iloko vocabulary development must be done.

The role of principals’ pedagogical leadership practice in predicting teachers’ psychological empowerment: the case of East Gojjam province, Ethiopia

ABSTRACT Recently, pedagogical leadership has been regarded as an effective style in the education sector across the globe. Even if practicing pedagogical leadership makes capital available to foster teachers’ psychological empowerment, no previous study has done on this issue so far in the context of Ethiopia. Thus, this research was undertaken to explore the role of principals’ pedagogical leadership practice in predicting teachers’ psychological empowerment, in terms of teachers’ sense of meaning, competence, influence and goal internalization. The correlational survey model design was used. This study was conducted in East Gojjam province, Ethiopia. Data were collected from 420 teachers through the questionnaire and analyzed through SPSS 25. The validity and reliability of the pedagogical leadership and psychological empowerment scale were checked. As a result, according to the views of teachers, the results of simple correlation analyses showed there were a moderate to strong, positive and significant relationships between each dimension of pedagogical leadership and each dimension of psychological empowerment. Finally, principals’ practices of pedagogical leadership significantly predicted teachers’ psychological empowerment. In addition to, its contribution to the theory and literature, this study also empirically highlighted that to make teachers psychologically empowered; and developing various capitals of teachers should be considered.

The Land-Use and Land-Cover Changes in the Este District, South Gondar Zone, Northwestern Ethiopia, in the Last Four Decades (the 1980s to 2020s)

Environmental transformations are the results of land-use and land-cover (LULC) changes. This study aims to investigate the LULC changes and associated factors in the Este District in northwestern Ethiopia, for the last four decades (the 1980s to 2020s). The land-use and land-cover classes were analyzed using supervised classification techniques in ERDASS IMAGINE 2015 and ArcGIS 10.3.1, categorizing the Landsat satellite images for 1984, 2000, and 2018 into six cover classes: settlement, forests-shrublands, cropland, grassland, bare land, and water body. We used a historical Google map, topo-sheets, and ancillary data to verify the classification accuracies for 1984, 2000, and 2018, respectively. The climate and demographic data were obtained from the Ethiopian Meteorological Station and Ethiopian Statistical Agency, respectively. In addition, data from key informant interviews and focus group discussions were also used to understand the local community experiences and perceptions toward LULC changes. The values of each LULC class were correlated with the demographic and climatic variables, using simple correlation analysis to evaluate the impact of demographic and climatic conditions on LULC changes. The analysis indicated that the least and largest classes of LULC in Este District were water bodies (mean cover = 1.9 km2) and croplands (mean cover = 791.7 km2), respectively. Cropland coverage increased by 2% in 2000, then decreased by 11% in 2018. Between 1984 and 2018, the grasslands and settlements increased by 22% and 0.5%, respectively. Half of the bare land and one-tenth of the forests-shrublands also decreased over the last four decades (the 1980s to 2020s). As a result, the original croplands and forests–shrublands classes (11% each) before 2000 were converted into new grasslands and croplands after 2018, respectively. The study indicated that precipitation, solar radiation, and population growth are the potential drivers, and the perceptions of local communities are nearly in line with the statistical analysis results. Alternative income sources, such as tourism and carbon trading and the participation in afforestation programs, could reverse the situation in the study area.

FORMATION OF WATER ABSORPTION CAPACITY OF FLOUR ON MILLS OF DIFFERENT PRODUCTIVITY

This article presents the results of a study of the quality indicators of flour streams, which affect the formation of the water absorption capacity of the final flour. The studies were carried out on five mills with a productivity of 60 to 300 tons per 24 hours. With the help of an original technique for removing the quantitative balance of the milling process, the yield of each individual flour stream and the yield of the final flour were determined, which depended on the productivity of the mill and varied from 75.9-76.1% – for mills with low productivity to 79.0-80.6% – for mills with productivity above 150 tones per 24 hours. Significant changes in the quality indicators of flour streams have been established. During milling at the mill plant with productivity of 150 t / 24 h ash content increased from 0.39% to 2.21%, protein content – from 11.0% to 17.4%, starch damage – from 17.6 UCD to 32.5 UCD. As result the water absorption capacity increases during the milling process from 54.0 to 69.6%. The variation in ash content, protein content, starch damage and other properties of the mill streams are due to the anatomical parts they come from, as result it influence the quality of the final flour. A simple correlation analysis carried out made it possible to evaluate the effect of ash content, protein content, and damaged starch content on the evolution of water absorption capacity. The variations of starch damage and ash content in the flour streams seems to be the principal factor of the increase in water absorption variation, while protein content has the least influence. Despite fluctuations in flour quality indicators on individual systems, it was found that strongly determines the overall quality of the final flour is the mill stream flour yield. That’s why optimization of grinding and sieving modes of systems (B1, B2, C1, C2, B3, Siz1) which have flour streams with the highest yield and the greatest impact on the grinding process is a fundamental step in achieving the set values for the final flour quality indicators. Knowledge and understanding of the patterns of change on individual systems of values of flour yield and their quality indicators that affect water absorption capacity will allow to more effectively manage the water absorption capacity. This will make it possible to optimize the properties of the dough according to the requirements of specific technological lines and to regulate the quality of the finished product at bakery and confectionery enterprises.

HUBUNGAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR, DISIPLIN BELAJAR, DAN AKTIVITAS BELAJAR DENGAN HASIL BELAJAR DALAM PEMBELAJARAN TEMATIK

This study aims to describe the relationship between in learning motivation, learning discipline, and learning activity with the students learning achievement in the thematic lesson. This study used a quantitative approach with correlation research type. The sample of this amounted to 27 students. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire and documentation study. The analysis technique was carried out by using determine the relationship between in learning motivation, learning discipline, and learning activity on the students’s learning achievement using simple correlation analysis and multiple correlation. The results showed that there was a relationship between (1) learning motivation with the students learning achievement of 0,239 categorized as “low”, (2) learning discipline with the students learning achievement of 0,315 categorized as “low”, (3) learning activity with the students learning achievement of 0,310 categorized as “low”, (4) learning motivation and learning discipline with the students learning achievement of 0,337 are categorized as “low”, (5) learning motivation and learning activity with the students learning achievement of 0,384 are categorized as “low”, (6) learning discipline and learning activity with the students learning achievement of 0,340 are categorized as “low”, (7) learning motivation, learning discipline, and learning activity with the students learning achievement of 0,399 are categorized as “low”. Keywords: Learning Motivation, Learning Discipline, Learning Activity, Students’ Learning Achievement in the Thematic Lesson

ZOOM LEARNING MEDIA RELATIONSHIP AND INTEREST IN LEARNING WITH LEARNING OUTCOMES CIVICS

This study aims: 1) To find out the relationship between Zoom learning media and Civics learning outcomes. 2) To determine the relationship between students' interest in learning with Civics learning outcomes. 3) To determine the relationship between Zoom learning media and students' interest in learning and Civics learning outcomes. This study uses survey methods and correlational techniques. The target population reached in this study were all students of class IX in CIVICS at SMPN 1 Tajurhalang, a total of 371 students. Data retrieval using the instrument of learning outcomes for Civics subjects and questionnaires for learning media zoom and interest in learning. The data analysis technique used descriptive and inferential analysis.Based on the results of the analysis using descriptive statistics at SMPN 1 Tajurhalang, the average value was 83.8 for civics learning outcomes, 78.3 for Zoom learning media, and 80.88 for interest in learning. The analysis of simple regression analysis and correlation with the ANOVA test obtained that the media correlation coefficient (rxy) = 0.137 indicates that the relationship between X1 and Y has a strong relationship level. Then the correlation coefficient (rxy) = 0.355 indicates that the relationship between X2 and Y has a strong level of relationship. The study results show that 1) There is a positive relationship between Zoom learning media and civics learning outcomes. 2) There is a positive relationship between interest in learning and learning outcomes of Civics. 3) There is a positive relationship between Zoom learning media and interest in learning and Civics learning outcomes

Knowledge Discovery in Ubiquitous and Personal Sleep Tracking: Scoping Review.

Over the past few decades, there has been a rapid increase in the number of wearable sleep trackers and mobile apps in the consumer market. Consumer sleep tracking technologies allow users to track sleep quality in naturalistic environments. In addition to tracking sleep per se, some sleep tracking technologies also support users in collecting information on their daily habits and sleep environments and reflecting on how those factors may contribute to sleep quality. However, the relationship between sleep and contextual factors may be too complex to be identified through visual inspection and reflection. Advanced analytical methods are needed to discover new insights into the rapidly growing volume of personal sleep tracking data. This review aimed to summarize and analyze the existing literature that applies formal analytical methods to discover insights in the context of personal informatics. Guided by the problem-constraints-system framework for literature review in computer science, we framed 4 main questions regarding general research trends, sleep quality metrics, contextual factors considered, knowledge discovery methods, significant findings, challenges, and opportunities of the interested topic. Web of Science, Scopus, ACM Digital Library, IEEE Xplore, ScienceDirect, Springer, Fitbit Research Library, and Fitabase were searched to identify publications that met the inclusion criteria. After full-text screening, 14 publications were included. The research on knowledge discovery in sleep tracking is limited. More than half of the studies (8/14, 57%) were conducted in the United States, followed by Japan (3/14, 21%). Only a few of the publications (5/14, 36%) were journal articles, whereas the remaining were conference proceeding papers. The most used sleep metrics were subjective sleep quality (4/14, 29%), sleep efficiency (4/14, 29%), sleep onset latency (4/14, 29%), and time at lights off (3/14, 21%). Ratio parameters such as deep sleep ratio and rapid eye movement ratio were not used in any of the reviewed studies. A dominant number of the studies applied simple correlation analysis (3/14, 21%), regression analysis (3/14, 21%), and statistical tests or inferences (3/14, 21%) to discover the links between sleep and other aspects of life. Only a few studies used machine learning and data mining for sleep quality prediction (1/14, 7%) or anomaly detection (2/14, 14%). Exercise, digital device use, caffeine and alcohol consumption, places visited before sleep, and sleep environments were important contextual factors substantially correlated to various dimensions of sleep quality. This scoping review shows that knowledge discovery methods have great potential for extracting hidden insights from a flux of self-tracking data and are considered more effective than simple visual inspection. Future research should address the challenges related to collecting high-quality data, extracting hidden knowledge from data while accommodating within-individual and between-individual variations, and translating the discovered knowledge into actionable insights.