Simple Circular Patch Antenna Research Articles

Design and Fabrication of the Split Ring Resonator Shaped Two-Element MIMO Antenna with Multiple-Band Operation for WiMAX/5G/Zigbee/Wi-Fi Applications.

In this manuscript, we proposed the split ring resonator loaded multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna design for the frequency range of 1 and 25 GHz. The proposed antenna is numerically investigated and fabricated to analyze the different antenna parameters. We provided statistics on a wide range of antenna parameters for five different designs, including a simple circular patch antenna, a single-split-ring antenna, and a double-split-ring antenna. Reflectance, gain, directivity, efficiency, peak gain, and electric field distribution are all analyzed for all proposed antennas. The maximum achievable bandwidth is 5.28 GHz, and the double-split-ring resonator structure achieves this with a return loss of -20.84 dB. The radiation patterns of all the antenna with different port excitation conditions are presented to identify the behavior of the antenna radiation. We found the effect of the split-ring resonators to form radiation beams in different directions. We found the maximum and minimum half-power beam widths of 75° and 2°, respectively, among the different antenna designs. It was found that the split-ring resonator geometries in patch antenna convert wide-beam antenna radiation patterns to several narrow-beam radiation patterns. We found that each antenna's bandwidth, gain, and return loss performance significantly differs from the others. Overall, the proposed results of the antenna may apply to a wide range of communication applications, including those for Wi-Fi, WiMAX, and 5G.

Kuznets curve with parabola-shaped ultra-wideband antenna with defected ground plane for communications

PurposeThis paper aims to state the configuration of the proposed antenna which is competent to many networks such as LTE and X band applications. The experimental study encountered the significance of the proposed antenna.Design/methodology/approachA novel compact Kuznets curve with parabola-shaped quad-band notched antenna is demonstrated in this paper. The presented prototype is ascertained on a composite material composed of woven fiberglass cloth with an epoxy resin binder. The resulting ultra-wideband antenna ranges 3.1–3.54 GHz, 5.17–5.51 GHz, 5.74–6.43 GHz and 6.79–7.60 GHz. To avoid the frequency bands which cause UWB interference,the projected antenna has been incorporated with slotted patch. The proposed antenna design is attained in four steps. The simple circular patch antenna model with defected ground plane is subjected to stepwise progression by including parabola-shaped slot and U shaped slot on the patch to attain four notched bands.FindingsThis projected antenna possesses an optimal bond among simulated and measured outcomes,which is more suitable for the quad notched band applications. Substrate analysis is done by varying substrate material, and notch behavior is presented. The proposed method’s optimum performance in metrics such as return loss, voltage standing wave ratio and radiation pattern varies its frequency range from 2.56 to 7.6 GHz.Originality/valueThe antenna adaptation of the defected ground plane has achieved through the quad notched band with operating frequency ranges 2.56 to 7.6 GHz and with eliminated frequency ranges 3.55–5.16 GHz, 5.52–5.73 GHz, 6.44–6.78 GHz and 7.66–10.6 GHz.

Design of Metamaterial Based Efficient Wireless Power Transfer System Utilizing Antenna Topology for Wearable Devices.

In this article, the design of an efficient wireless power transfer (WPT) system using antenna-based topology for the applications in wearable devices is presented. To implement the wearable WPT system, a simple circular patch antenna is initially designed on a flexible felt substrate by placing over a three-layer human tissue model to utilize as a receiving element. Meanwhile, a high gain circular patch antenna is also designed in the air environment to use as a transmitter for designing the wearable WPT link. The proposed WPT system is built to operate at the industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) band of 2.40–2.48 GHz. In addition, to improve the power transfer efficiency (PTE) of the system, a metamaterial (MTM) slab built with an array combination of 3 × 3 unit cells has been employed. Further, the performance analysis of the MTM integrated system is performed on the different portions of the human body like hand, head and torso model to present the versatile applicability of the system. Moreover, analysis of the specific absorption rate (SAR) has been performed in different wearable scenarios to show the effect on the human body under the standard recommended limits. Regarding the practical application issues, the performance stability analysis of the proposed system due to the misalignment and flexibility of the Rx antenna is executed. Finally, the prototypes are fabricated and experimental validation is performed on several realistic wearable platforms like three-layer pork tissue slab, human hand, head and body. The simulated and measured result confirms that by using the MTM slab, a significant amount of the PTE improvement is obtained from the proposed system.

Design and Analysis of Dual-Band Circular Patch Antenna for X-Band Applications with Enhanced Bandwidth

An antenna is a crucial component in the wireless communication system which converts electrical waves to EM waves and vice-versa which leads to revaluation in wireless communication technology. Due to this reason the experiment was performed on a simple circular patch antenna for better radiation along with wide transmission bandwidth. In this paper, a simple circular microstrip antenna structure is designed to operate at dual bands. The proposed antenna consists of a circular radiating patch, a 50-ohm feedline line, a quarter-wave impedance matching transmission line, and a ground plane. It meets significant requirements for large bandwidth, optimized gain, minimum reflections, and small size with high directivity and efficiency. This antenna contains FR4 Epoxy substrate material with permittivity 4.4 and size 36mm x 36mm x 1.67mm. ANSOFT HFSS simulator is used to analyze various parameters like return loss, VSWR, Impedance, and gain. The Resonant Frequency of the designed antenna is 8.77 GHz and 10.6 GHz. with minimum Return Loss of -52 dB and -21.66 dB respectively. It was also observed that 1.005 and 1.2 VSWR at 8.77 GHz and 10.6 GHz respectively.

Frequency-Reconfigurable Antenna Using Metasurface

A frequency-reconfigurable antenna designed using metasurface (MS) to operate at around 5 GHz is proposed and studied. The frequency-reconfigurable metasurfaced (FRMS) antenna is composed of a simple circular patch antenna and a circular MS with the same diameter of 40 mm (0.67 <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex Notation="TeX">$\lambda $</tex></formula> ) and implemented using planar technology. The MS is placed directly atop the patch antenna, making the FRMS antenna very compact and low profile with a thickness of only 3.048 mm (0.05 <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$\lambda $</tex></formula> ). The MS consists of rectangular-loop unit cells placed periodically in the vertical and horizontal directions. Simulation results show that the operating frequency of the antenna can be tuned by physically rotating the MS around the center with respect to the patch antenna. The MS placed atop the patch antenna behaves like a dielectric substrate and rotating the MS changes the equivalent relative permittivity of the substrate and hence the operating frequency of the FRMS antenna. Measured results show that the antenna has a tuning range from 4.76 to 5.51 GHz, a fractional tuning range of 14.6%, radiation efficiency and a realized peak gain of more than 80% and 5 dBi, respectively, across the tuning range.

Electrically Small U-slot Loaded Circular Microstrip Patch Antenna with CSRR

This paper presents the electrically small U-slot loaded circular microstrip patch antenna with Complementary Split Ring Resonator (CSRR). The technique of U slot loading is used for operating antenna in dual band and CSRR technique to make antenna compact and CSRR for compactness is used. The simple circular patch antenna resonates at 5.71 GHz with return loss of -11.38 dB. The proposed antenna (with U-slot and CSRR) enhanced the matching upto-37.47 dB at the 3.47 GHz and -13.7dB at the frequency 3.98 GHz circular patch antenna and U-slot loaded circular microstrip patch antenna with CSRR are simulated using Ansoft HFSS and verified with the experimental results. General Terms Return Loss, Bandwidth, Antenna Size

Shorted Pin Circular Axe-Shaped Patch Antenna for Compact and Dual Band Applications

A shorted pin circular axe-shaped antenna is analyzed for compact and dual band applications. Removing two symmetric arc-shaped areas from a simple circular patch lengthens the current path thus reduces the antenna size. Embedding and adjusting a shorting pin further shifts the resonance to a lower frequency and excites another high order mode. The frequency ratio varies between 1.639 ∼ 2.616. The patch size is about 51% of the circular axe-shaped patch without shorting pin, and 85% of the simple circular patch antenna. Parametric analyses of the antenna model are presented in detail and a prototype is fabricated for experiment.

Compact dual-frequency circular microstrip antenna with an offset circular slot

This paper presents a new, compact, dual-frequency design of single-feed circular microstrip antennas with an offset circular slot placed close to the patch boundary. It is found that, when the radius of the offset slot is about 0.38–0.62 times the radius of the circular patch, dual-frequency operation can be achieved using a single probe feed. The two operating frequencies have orthogonal polarization planes, and have a low frequency ratio of about 1.15–1.18. The two frequencies can also be much lower than the fundamental resonant frequency of a corresponding simple circular patch antenna without the offset slot. This behavior makes the proposed antenna have a reduced antenna size as compared to a simple circular patch antenna operated at either one of the two frequencies. Details of the antenna design and experimental results are presented. ©1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 22: 254–256, 1999.