Similar Specialties Research Articles

Examining Authorship Dynamics, Publication Patterns, and Affiliations in the Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences (PJMHS) from 2009-2019

Introduction: The Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences have been peer-reviewed and is included in the Scopus-Elsevier database. This study represents (PJMHS)'s contribution to research productivity from 2019 to 2009. Methods and Materials: The published data records were obtained from the PJMHS website and the Scopus-Elsevier database for MS Office Excel Sheet tabulation. The frequency of publications, the type of papers, the use of pages, citations, and the initial author's affiliation with their country. Results: In 43 issues, 15401 (4%) authors wrote 3817 items in seven categories. The average number of pages consumed was (2.8%), with 896 (23.4%) citations in publications. The collaboration of three authors provided 1339 (36.6%) papers and received the top spot, while four authors, 3344 (21.7%), contributed 836 (22%). The first authors from 29 nations engaged in publications, with Pakistan leading the way with 3484 (91%), Iran second with 79 (2%), Indonesia third with 77 (2%), and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia fourth with 65 (1.7%). Practical Implication: The information assess the influence and relevance of the research published in the Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences. In nut-shell, the published data empowers readers to stay informed about the journal's publication trends, authorship patterns, and the breadth of content available. It enables researchers to identify potential collaborators, explore different document types, and gauge the impact of published articles through citation analysis. Conclusion: Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences (PJMHS) is a peer-reviewed journal that is published continuously and assists medical and health sciences research communities in gaining their attention in sharing ideas on a reciprocal basis from similar specialties or sub-specialties of common disciplines Keywords: Bibliometric, Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, Pakistan, medical education and research, bibliometric, Zameer Baladi.

History of Television Broadcasting Development in Japan (From Experimental Broadcasting to Nationwide Broadcasting in the 1960s)

The article views and analyzes the early period of the nationwide television broadcasting in Japan (from the mid 1920s to the end of the 1960s). Previously, this problem has not been a subject of research in Russian oriental studies, and taking into account the operation of established television broadcasting system in modern Japan, it seems necessary to identify the features of the genesis and evolution of the nationwide television broadcasting in Japan at its earliest stage, using both historical-genetic and problem-chronological methods. Based mainly on the media history research of Japanese media historians, which are introduced into the Russian scientific community for the first time, the stages of the genesis and nationwide spread of television broadcasting in Japan are consistently identified: the pre-war period of experimental broadcasting, the reform of the media sphere during and after the occupation of Japan by the GHQ, the origins of the integrated system of Japanese public and commercial television broadcasting nigen taisei. In addition, the author concludes that television played an important role in the process of spreading Western values of democracy, as well as the renewed values of the nuclear family institution in Japan, which were declared by the GHQ, US occupation authorities. Based on the results of the study, the author comes to the conclusion that the fundamental foundations of the modern multifaceted and original culture of Japanese television, as well as the model of broadcasting companies’ interaction: competition and coexistence of public and commercial television broadcasting, were laid precisely in the key period for the history of Japanese television ‒ the 1950‒1960s. The findings of this research can serve as a basis for studying the next stages in the evolution of television broadcasting in Japan up to the present period. This paper is aimed at orientalists, students of similar specialties, as well as a wide range of people interested in the history of Japanese media. Keywords: Japan, media history, television history, television in Japan, nationwide broadcasting

Polish+. Program nowych studiów polskich na Uniwersytecie Syczuańskim w Chengdu.

The fi rst university programme in Polish studies in China was launched already in the 1950s. The foundations laid by a few generations of specialists in Polish studies from Beijing Foreign Studies University permit the development of successive programmes in Polish studies in other Chinese academic centres. They use the support of the PRC government, which has been implementing a dynamic foreign policy addressed to the Central and Eastern European countries for a few years now. One of the new centres offering innovative programmes in Polish studies, which are combined with the economic and international path, is the Sichuan University in Chengdu, supported by the University of Warsaw. This paper describes the formation of the Polish+ programme in Chengdu and presents the details related to the curriculum of the studies, which inspires other Chinese higher education institutions to introduce similar specialties in cooperation with the greatest Polish higher education institutions.

Study and Practice on Distinctive Characteristics of Mechanical and Electrical Equipment Maintenance and Management Major in Guangzhou Railway Polytechnic

The construction of specialty characteristics shall start from the overall characteristics of the school, take the specialty group as the perspective, find the characteristic construction direction in the whole industrial chain, and improve the connotation of specialty. To promote the development of the specialty of mechanical and electrical equipment maintenance and management in domestic polytechnics, taking the construction process of this specialty in Guangzhou Railway polytechnic as an example, it was discussed on why and how to carry out the construction of major characteristics with the main line of the equipment maintenance of rail transit stations and train vehicle repair plants. Aspects were discussed including the establishment of curriculum system, the construction of specialty teachers’ team, the construction of teaching software and hardware resources and the monitoring of teaching quality. The results can be used for reference in the construction of similar specialties in China.

Mathematical Methods in the Activities of Engineers in the Field of Fire Safety and Civil Protection

This paper presents the importance of the application of mathematical methods in the work of engineers in the field of fire safety and protection of the population (FSCP). The need for mathematical knowledge of engineers in the field of FSCP is argued. A comparative analysis of the share of the studied mathematical disciplines in the specialty "Fire and Emergency Safety" of the Faculty FSCP at the Academy of the Ministry of Interior with other similar specialties in our country. Typical activities in which it is necessary to use methods from different fields of mathematics are considered. Specific examples in the activity of the FSCP engineer are presented. Conclusions have been made.

MetricsVis: A Visual Analytics System for Evaluating Employee Performance in Public Safety Agencies.

Evaluating employee performance in organizations with varying workloads and tasks is challenging. Specifically, it is important to understand how quantitative measurements of employee achievements relate to supervisor expectations, what the main drivers of good performance are, and how to combine these complex and flexible performance evaluation metrics into an accurate portrayal of organizational performance in order to identify shortcomings and improve overall productivity. To facilitate this process, we summarize common organizational performance analyses into four visual exploration task categories. Additionally, we develop MetricsVis, a visual analytics system composed of multiple coordinated views to support the dynamic evaluation and comparison of individual, team, and organizational performance in public safety organizations. MetricsVis provides four primary visual components to expedite performance evaluation: (1) a priority adjustment view to support direct manipulation on evaluation metrics; (2) a reorderable performance matrix to demonstrate the details of individual employees; (3) a group performance view that highlights aggregate performance and individual contributions for each group; and (4) a projection view illustrating employees with similar specialties to facilitate shift assignments and training. We demonstrate the usability of our framework with two case studies from medium-sized law enforcement agencies and highlight its broader applicability to other domains.

Performance-Based Compensation in Professional Service Firms

The purpose of this paper is to extend our understanding of theoretical agency considerations in the choice of compensation contracts by examining the use of performance-based compensation in professional service firms. We focus on compensation practices for physicians in medical group practices because this setting has several distinctive features that enhance our ability to study a wide variety of agency issues. Our sample covers 16,659 individual physicians in 778 practices. Consistent with agency theory, we find that the extent to which individual physicians are compensated using performance-based pay increases with the informativeness of standard clinical productivity measures. Monitoring serves as substitutes for performance-based compensation, but only in member-owned firms. The use of a common salary/bonus mix for all physicians is greater in smaller practices with little diversity in practice specialties. Member-owned firms also tend to use a common compensation mix when surgeons represent a greater proportion of members and when physicians staff hospitals, but tend to tailor the mix when there is greater variation in physician experience and in the amount of time physicians spend on non-clinical activities. Finally, equal-share arrangements tend to be used instead of salaries and/or bonuses in more technical practices where physicians have similar specialties and experience levels.

An Evaluation of Trends in Patient and Public Awareness of IR

PurposeTo evaluate patient and public awareness of interventional radiology (IR). Materials and MethodsThis single-center study prospectively administered voluntary paper surveys to 80 patients in an academic hospital radiology waiting room. Separate, Internet-based surveys were administered to the general public. Additionally, Internet metadata were used to evaluate relative search engine activity and IR-related news coverage compared with similar procedural specialties. Results65% of radiology department outpatients had no prior knowledge of IR. Of the general population surveyed, 72% could not identify an interventional radiologist as a physician. Relative annual IR-related Google search volumes peaked in 2004 and were at their nadir in 2011. After normalizing for number of practicing physicians, IR was the subject of substantially fewer Google searches than similar specialties (15.9% of urology volumes, 27.9% of cardiology volumes, and 39.0% of vascular surgery volumes). Between 2006 and 2016, IR had a similar rate of annual increase in the volume of Internet news results as similar medical specialties, although the volumes reached by IR in 2016 were obtained by more established fields, such as cardiology, in 2011. ConclusionsThese data provide metrics of current and historical awareness trends in IR, which demonstrate low patient and public awareness. The findings of this study may help guide future efforts to promote patient and public awareness of IR.

Postgraduate residents' awareness of organ transplantation protocols – Survey at a teaching hospital

Introduction: Much as the techniques have progressed to make organ transplantations safe and effective, the legal and ethical tangle surrounding the process has necessitated strict regulations and protocols to be followed. This paper studies a cross-sectional survey conducted on 198 postgraduate residents from various specialties with the aim of determining awareness of (a) legal and ethical requirements, (b) organ donation possibilities, and (c) technical details including brain-death criteria. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among postgraduate residents of all specialties in a tertiary care teaching institution. The survey instrument was a questionnaire with multiple choice questions aimed at evaluating awareness of the residents in the three knowledge domains. The mean scores of residents from each specialty and groups of specialties with similar work exposure were calculated and compared, with statistical significance tested using the ANOVA. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the year-wise mean scores between residents of 1st, 2nd, and 3rd years. No significant difference in scores was obtained between groups of residents from similar specialties. Scores obtained by residents of specialties routinely managing patients in intensive care unit did not show any statistically significant difference with year of training. There was significantly lesser score obtained by anesthesiology residents in the domain concerning the possibility of donation of specific organs compared with surgery residents. There were significantly high mean scores in the knowledge domain related to brain death criteria and transplant techniques for medicine and surgery residents, respectively. Conclusion: The low levels of scientific knowledge regarding organ donation protocols and associated legalities among resident doctors are a matter of concern. These findings may merit consideration to include these protocols as part of teaching curriculum.

Editors' Note

Editors' Note: In the February 21, 2017, issue of Neurology® , the American Academy of Neurology Burnout Task Force reported that 60% of American neurologists surveyed experienced at least one symptom of burnout. In the accompanying editorial, Dr. Bernat hypothesizes as to why neurologists are more prone to burnout than other similar specialties and suggests several actions to reverse the trend, including increasing patient care time and decreasing clerical work. In WriteClick this week, Dr. Goldenberg responds to this editorial to describe how engagement with organized medicine, on the county, state, and national levels, has benefited him personally by shifting his focus from criticism to problem-solving. Drs. Czempisz and Kunte make the case for mindfulness-based stress reduction techniques as a strategy to decrease physician burnout. —Megan Alcauskas, MD, and Robert C. Griggs, MD Editors' Note: In the February 21, 2017, issue of Neurology® , the American Academy of Neurology Burnout Task Force reported that 60% of American neurologists surveyed experienced at least one symptom of burnout. In the accompanying editorial, Dr. Bernat hypothesizes as to why neurologists are more prone to burnout than other similar specialties and suggests several actions to reverse the trend, including increasing patient care time and decreasing clerical work.

Consistency Guarantees for Professional Appraisal of Geotechnical Engineering Design under Market Leading and Deciding

Peer review is central to the process of modern engineering. Open peer review gives the impression that decisions are arrived at in a fair and meritocratic manner with an objective, reliable, consistent process. It is responsible for identifying methodological flaws and for improving the quality. Assistance from somebody in the same discipline is valuable. Clients refer to reviewers as referees since they help to determine the fate of a design. The client sets up a hanging committee to carry out open peer review to decide whether a piece of work should be accepted, revised or rejected. Reviewers in similar specialties make up a professional group. In an open peer review refereeing a retaining and protection structure design of building foundation pit excavation, an outside expert as an assessor, might master the art of review to pay attention to guarantee consistency of processes and outcomes.

Few gender differences in specialty preferences and motivational factors: a cross-sectional Swedish study on last-year medical students

BackgroundToday, women constitute about half of medical students in several Western societies, yet women physicians are still underrepresented in surgical specialties and clustered in other branches of medicine. Gender segregation in specialty preference has been found already in medical school. It is important to study the career preferences of our future physicians, as they will influence the maintenance of an adequate supply of physicians in all specialties and the future provision of health care. American and British studies dominate the area of gender and medical careers whereas Swedish studies on medical students’ reasons for specialty preference are scarce. The aim of this study is to investigate and compare Swedish male and female medical students’ specialty preferences and the motives behind them.MethodsBetween 2006 and 2009, all last-year medical students at Umea University, Sweden (N = 421), were invited to answer a questionnaire about their future career and family plans. They were asked about their specialty preference and how they rated the impact that the motivational factors had for their choice. The response rate was 89% (N = 372); 58% were women (N = 215) and 42% were men (N = 157). Logistic regression was used to evaluate the independent impact of each motivational factor for specialty preference.ResultsOn the whole, male and female last-year students opted for similar specialties. Men and women had an almost identical ranking order of the motivational factors. When analyzed separately, male and female students showed both similarities and differences in the motivational factors that were associated with their specialty preference. A majority of the women and a good third of the men intended to work part-time. The motivational factor combining work with family correlated with number of working hours for women, but not for men.ConclusionsThe gender similarities in the medical students’ specialty preferences are striking and contrast with research from other Western countries where male and female students show more differences in career aspirations. These similarities should be seized by the health care system in order to counteract the horizontal gender segregation in the physician workforce of today.

1987年から20年間に日中笹川医学奨学金で来日した中国人医療従事者についての分析 －中国口腔科医師の受け入れ状況を中心に－

The present paper analyzed Chinese medical staff （including stomatologists, pharmacists, and nurses）, comprising a total 1782 persons who visited Japan from 1987 through 2006 and were sponsored by the Sasagawa Medical Fellowship. Chinese stomatologists accounted for 88 persons among the total of 1782. Among the 88 stomatologists, 15 were from the 4th Military Medical University, 9 from Jilin University, 8 from Beijing University, and 6 from China Medical University; a total of 25 were from North East China. The departments of Japanese universities attended by Chinese stomatologists included 17 departments of in periodontology and conservative dentistry, 16 departments of oral surgery, 12 departments of prosthetics, 11 departments of orthodontics, and 8 departments of pedodontics at dental and medical schools. Stomatologists who had learned major specialties in Chinese stomatological colleges also majored in similar specialties at the Japanese universities or hospitals.Chinese administrators have been investigating Japanese health science systems, including not only medical technology and clinical medicine, but also several administrative specialties such as medical law, public health, provention of infection diseases, cancer, population research, and budgets from both research and clinical perspectives.Medical staff from central administration in the Government of China have also learned considerably from his or her experience during investigations in Japan. No administration staff of stomatologists were supported by the Sasagawa Fund.

International Collaboration in Pediatric Nursing: Mutual Learning Success

This article describes an innovative international collaboration between a children's hospital in the United Kingdom and a university school of nursing in the United States that created opportunities for networking among nurses in similar specialties. Nurses from two countries joined in an educational partnership to share dialogue and clinical experience in the United Kingdom.

The rate and cost of hospital-acquired infections occurring in patients admitted to selected specialties of a district general hospital in England and the national burden imposed

Between April 1994 and May 1995 4000 adult patients admitted to selected specialties of a district general hospital were recruited to this study. Hospital-acquired infections presenting during the in-patient stay were identified using previously validated methods of surveillance, and information on daily resource use by both infected and uninfected patients was recorded and estimates of their cost derived. Linear regression modelling techniques were used to estimate how much of the observed variation in resource use and costs could be explained by the presence of an infection. Complete in-patient data sets were obtained for 3980 patients. Of these, 309 patients (7.8%; 95% CI; 7.0, 8.6) presented with one or more hospital-acquired infections during the in-patient period. Infected patients, on average, incurred hospital costs 2.9 (regression model estimate: 2.8; 95% CI; 2.6, 3.0) times higher than uninfected patients, equivalent to an additional £3154 (regression model estimate £2917). Both the incidence and the economic impact varied with site of infection and with admission specialty. Estimates of the burden of hospital-acquired infections occurring in adult patients admitted to similar specialties at NHS hospitals in England were derived from the results of this study. An estimated 320994 (95% CI; 288071, 353916) patients per annum acquire one or more infections which present during the in-patient period, and these infections cost the hospital sector an estimated £930.62 million (95% CI; £780.26; £1080.97 million) per annum. The results presented represent the gross economic benefits that might accrue if these infections are prevented. Further research is required to establish the net benefits of prevention.

Are We Getting There

We created over 30 detailed action plans to help us achieve Vision 2000, and in this article I will discuss what we have accomplished. Pharmacy Specialty Networks are up and running and continuing to grow in number and activities. Pharmacists in diverse practices are recognizing the importance of talking to others involved in similar specialties. We have continued efforts to upgrade all pharmacists in their ability to effectively assist their patients by running successful AGMs and Professional Practice Conferences, and, for those who can’t attend, making videotapes and considering CD-ROM and Internet processes for the provision of distance education. We also recognize the importance of reviewing our standards and looking at new roles in this ever-changing pharmacy profession. We expect to have announcements at this year’s AGM in Winnipeg about our new standards of practice and a statement on prescriptive authority for pharmacists. Forging partnerships has been of the utmost importance over the past few years, as we have tried to assist our patients through the continuum of care. We worked with the Canadian Pharmacists Association, provincial pharmacy associations and licensing bodies, nurses, and physicians to put on the highly successful Seamless Care Workshop, and the highlights of the proceedings were made available to all of our members. This event sparked even more activity across the country in this important patient-focussed care service. We continue to try to make more consistent the approach taken in providing seamless care and hope that it will be recognized as a standard of practice for pharmacists, one that patients will soon come to demand. We are also leading these groups and a few more, such as government, in developing a national system for reporting medication errors in Canada. In addition, we have started a task force on home health care. These initiatives definitely reach out and help our patients. Another partnership that is gaining momentum is our strategic alliance with APES (Association des pharmaciens des etablissements de sante du Quebec). We have developed an English version of one of their successful publications, concerning palliative care. Now pharmacists across Canada can benefit from the great work of our francophone specialists in this area to make a difference for their patients. Continuous work with our student partners through the Pharmaceutical Care Poster Competition of the Canadian Association of Pharmacy Students and Interns and CSHP, and with the residents through the nationally recognized Pharmacia & Upjohn Award will pay dividends as our future practitioners come aboard. We must also examine how our students will be trained in the future, and we are addressing this with our Entry-Level PharmD Task Force. The task force’s job will be to develop a position paper on what our members think of this approach, which is being considered by universities across Canada. I have highlighted here only some of our activities to demonstrate the focus of our activities on Vision 2000 and the progress we have made. As we work toward the AGM in Winnipeg we need to establish Vision 2003. We will again seek your input to the visioning process. A survey will be sent to about 20% of our members asking first how you feel we have progressed toward Vision 2000 and then what you think needs to be done to address your professional needs in 2003. Vision 2000 built on the progress of Vision ’97 and looked to the year 2000 for its development. I can assure members that we will take a similar approach to developing Vision 2003, because we all know that the advancement of the profession is gradual. In closing, I will highlight one more action plan arising from Vision 2000. CSHP is now voting on whether a name change for the Society is warranted. At this time, I want only to remind you that a vote by the membership will decide the issue. You will receive a “What’s in a Name?” fact sheet describing the pros and cons of a name change, based on the discussions we have had with our members over the past few years. In addition, you will receive clear instruction on how to participate in the mail-in balloting. Please consider this issue carefully and cast your vote. As is usual with CSHP, we are letting our members determine our actions, a strategy that I believe has resulted in the Society’s success.

Physician First, Surgeon Second

To the Editor.— Clearly, even though at the moment the surgeon appears to have the upper hand, the time has not yet come for the to throw in the sponge (235:637, 1976). Being a young board-certified surgeon and a card-carrying, dues-paying colleague (pardon the expression) in the American Medical Association, I was puzzled to read that the only organized group representing all MDs distinguishes between physicians and surgeons. During residency, I was trained to be a who was specializing in general surgery. Maybe your editors need exsurgeons as proofreaders to catch such terminology in an otherwise excellent editorial; I'm sure that the word physician was used to mean internist, family practitioner, or members of similar specialties. Your slip, though, reminds me of the old vaudeville line—That was no lady; that was my wife!

Lawyer attitudes on judicial selection.

A study done in 1964 of lawyers practicing in Kansas City and St. Louis, Missouri, found that those with high social status in the legal profession, representing the most prestigeful clients, are more likely to support a Nonpartisan Court Plan developed by leaders of the bar for selecting judges than are attorneys with lesser professional status who handle the legal affairs of lower social classes. Partisan affiliation was shown to habe a limited effect on preferences concerning judicial selection. Attorneys with extensive trial experience are less favorable to the pla than those in similar practice specialties without such experience.

Teaching of Chest Radiology to Medical Students

To evaluate patient and public awareness of interventional radiology (IR).This single-center study prospectively administered voluntary paper surveys to 80 patients in an academic hospital radiology waiting room. Separate, Internet-based surveys were administered to the general public. Additionally, Internet metadata were used to evaluate relative search engine activity and IR-related news coverage compared with similar procedural specialties.65% of radiology department outpatients had no prior knowledge of IR. Of the general population surveyed, 72% could not identify an interventional radiologist as a physician. Relative annual IR-related Google search volumes peaked in 2004 and were at their nadir in 2011. After normalizing for number of practicing physicians, IR was the subject of substantially fewer Google searches than similar specialties (15.9% of urology volumes, 27.9% of cardiology volumes, and 39.0% of vascular surgery volumes). Between 2006 and 2016, IR had a similar rate of annual increase in the volume of Internet news results as similar medical specialties, although the volumes reached by IR in 2016 were obtained by more established fields, such as cardiology, in 2011.These data provide metrics of current and historical awareness trends in IR, which demonstrate low patient and public awareness. The findings of this study may help guide future efforts to promote patient and public awareness of IR.