Similar Concepts Research Articles

KDGene: knowledge graph completion for disease gene prediction using interactional tensor decomposition.

The accurate identification of disease-associated genes is crucial for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying various diseases. Most current methods focus on constructing biological networks and utilizing machine learning, particularly deep learning, to identify disease genes. However, these methods overlook complex relations among entities in biological knowledge graphs. Such information has been successfully applied in other areas of life science research, demonstrating their effectiveness. Knowledge graph embedding methods can learn the semantic information of different relations within the knowledge graphs. Nonetheless, the performance of existing representation learning techniques, when applied to domain-specific biological data, remains suboptimal. To solve these problems, we construct a biological knowledge graph centered on diseases and genes, and develop an end-to-end knowledge graph completion framework for disease gene prediction using interactional tensor decomposition named KDGene. KDGene incorporates an interaction module that bridges entity and relation embeddings within tensor decomposition, aiming to improve the representation of semantically similar concepts in specific domains and enhance the ability to accurately predict disease genes. Experimental results show that KDGene significantly outperforms state-of-the-art algorithms, whether existing disease gene prediction methods or knowledge graph embedding methods for general domains. Moreover, the comprehensive biological analysis of the predicted results further validates KDGene's capability to accurately identify new candidate genes. This work proposes a scalable knowledge graph completion framework to identify disease candidate genes, from which the results are promising to provide valuable references for further wet experiments. Data and source codes are available at https://github.com/2020MEAI/KDGene.

Validity constraints for data analysis workflows

Porting a scientific data analysis workflow (DAW) to a cluster infrastructure, a new software stack, or even only a new dataset with some notably different properties is often challenging. Despite the structured definition of the steps (tasks) and their interdependencies during a complex data analysis in the DAW specification, relevant assumptions may remain unspecified and implicit. Such hidden assumptions often lead to crashing tasks without a reasonable error message, poor performance in general, non-terminating executions, or silent wrong results of the DAW, to name only a few possible consequences. Searching for the causes of such errors and drawbacks in a distributed compute cluster managed by a complex infrastructure stack, where DAWs for large datasets typically are executed, can be tedious and time-consuming.We propose validity constraints (VCs) as a new concept for DAW languages to alleviate this situation. A VC is a constraint specifying logical conditions that must be fulfilled at certain times for DAW executions to be valid. When defined together with a DAW, VCs help to improve the portability, adaptability, and reusability of DAWs by making implicit assumptions explicit. Once specified, VCs can be controlled automatically by the DAW infrastructure, and violations can lead to meaningful error messages and graceful behavior (e.g., termination or invocation of repair mechanisms). We provide a broad list of possible VCs, classify them along multiple dimensions, and compare them to similar concepts one can find in related fields. We also provide a proof-of-concept implementation for the workflow system Nextflow.

Bridging the Semantic Latent Space between Brain and Machine: Similarity Is All You Need

How our brain encodes complex concepts has been a longstanding mystery in neuroscience. The answer to this problem can lead to new understandings about how the brain retrieves information in large-scale data with high efficiency and robustness. Neuroscience studies suggest the brain represents concepts in a locality-sensitive hashing (LSH) strategy, i.e., similar concepts will be represented by similar responses. This finding has inspired the design of similarity-based algorithms, especially in contrastive learning. Here, we hypothesize that the brain and large neural network models, both using similarity-based learning rules, could contain a similar semantic embedding space. To verify that, this paper proposes a functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) semantic learning network named BrainSem, aimed at seeking a joint semantic latent space that bridges the brain and a Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) model. Given that our perception is inherently cross-modal, we introduce a fuzzy (one-to-many) matching loss function to encourage the models to extract high-level semantic components from neural signals. Our results claimed that using only a small set of fMRI recordings for semantic space alignment, we could obtain shared embedding valid for unseen categories out of the training set, which provided potential evidence for the semantic representation similarity between the brain and large neural networks. In a zero-shot classification task, our BrainSem achieves an 11.6% improvement over the state-of-the-art.

Bridging Perspectives: Exploring the Convergence of Clinimetrics and Network Theory in Mental Health Assessment and Conceptualization.

Background: Clinimetrics and network analysis are two methodological approaches that, despite different origins, share the goal of improving mental health clinical assessment beyond the limitations of classical psychometrics. Despite their common goal and comparable conceptualization of clinical assessment, the potential connection and integration between these approaches has not been explored. The aim of this review is to identify meeting points for the potential integration of clinimetrics and network theory. Methods: A literature review was conducted by examining key works in clinimetrics and network theory and comparing similar concepts from the two approaches. Results: Two main areas of theoretical and methodological convergence and complementarity between clinimetrics and network theory were identified, as follows: the characteristics of clinical indexes and the strategies to assess and organize complex clinical data. These topics encompassed sub-topics related to the influence of individual symptoms on clinical presentation, longitudinal assessment of conditions, influence of comorbidities, and standardized procedures for case formulation. Conclusions: Results provide an indication of the potential for integration for these approaches in a single, clinically oriented methodology for psychological and psychiatric illness conceptualization and assessment. Despite the literature search strategy limitations, the results provide a basis for further exploring the potential for developing an integrated methodology for clinical assessment and treatment planning.

Agricultural Entrepreneurship – A Bibliometric Analysis and Concept Mapping

Agricultural entrepreneurship plays a vital role in job creation, economic income, and competitiveness of the agriculture sector. Considering the importance and relevance of this topic, it is important to explore the recent literature in this area of the study. This work aims to showcase the bibliometric analysis of scientific production and to reveal the importance of agricultural entrepreneurship. The information search was carried out in the Scopus database from 2013 to 2023. This work helps in the identification of key research topics, the co-occurrence of keywords in this field of study, and collaboration patterns and other research areas related to similar concepts. 476 research papers were assessed after being carefully examined and having several checkpoints to eliminate studies that weren’t relevant. Platforms such as Visualization Of Similarities (VOS) Viewer and R Studio are used for the bibliometric analysis of the 476 articles collected from the Scopus database by applying relevant filters, including performance analysis and keyword occurrence analysis. The graphical mapping exemplified the author’s and countries’ contributions, and their collaborations in this area of research over the period. In the analysis of the author’s keyword, the researcher noticed that “entrepreneurship” and “agriculture” were the most frequently occurring among other keywords. The researcher found that “entrepreneurship” has the greatest occurrence with 67 times 35 links and 82 total link strength. Mostly entrepreneurship links with some variables such as agriculture, agripreneurship, rural development, sustainability, agribusiness, agritourism, and entrepreneurial orientation.

The concept of successful ageing in wartime: A review of Western scientific sources

Preserving the full life of an elderly person as the most vulnerable category of the population in times of armed conflict raises many methodological, theoretical, and practical issues for scholars. The article is an attempt at a problematic and reflective analysis of the heuristic nature of the concept of successful ageing for the study of ageing of elderly Ukrainians in the context of the war with Russia. The paper presents a problem-oriented review of contemporary Western literature on successful ageing. In addition to the basic empirical and theoretical works, a significant part of the theoretical analysis is based on the results of the most significant meta-analytical studies on this topic. The methodology of problem-oriented and integrative analysis was used to determine which problem areas of the concept of successful ageing can contribute to its study in wartime. The potential and limitations of the modern concept of successful ageing are considered. Eight problem areas of this concept are presented, which reveal certain contradictions, debatable issues, and gaps, which are simultaneously directions for the development of both the concept itself and its research in the context of war. Among them: vagueness of the criteria for successful ageing and its dilution with similar concepts; interaction of biomedical and psychosocial contexts of successful ageing; limits of responsibility for the success of ageing in the context of the “person – society” dichotomy; socio-structural inequalities between older people and the inability to age equally “successfully”; discrepancies between subjective and objective indicators of successful ageing; dominance of the Western model of successful ageing and levelling of its cultural specificity; integration of individual, social and scientific conceptualization of successful ageing. The author analyses the most promising theoretical and methodological concepts and theories of successful ageing that are most relevant to the problem of ageing in war. The literature review presented in the article will help to draw attention to the problem of improving and preserving the full life of an elderly person in the context of armed conflict. The results of the research will be useful to scholars and practitioners for the further development of programmes to protect the mental and physical health of older people in war

フィンテックとインシュアテックが金融ビジネス領域に与えた影響と変化

Purpose: Previous studies of FinTech and InsureTech focused on how the introduction of new technologies and systems would affect the existing financial industry. Nevertheless, there were no studies approached from a comprehensive perspective on the relationship with InsurTech, a concept derived from FinTech, and its impact on the financial and insurance industries in the future. This study aims to contribute to related industries and academic fields by predicting the impact, differences, and future prospects of the concept and introduction of FinTech and insurtech on the financial industry.
 Research design, data, and methodology: Discuss the concept and status of FinTech and insurance technology through qualitative methods such as existing prior research and academic thesis books, and understand what influence it has on the current financial industry, insurance industry, and consumers.
 Results: Through the impact of each area of FinTech and InsureTech on the financial business area of this study, FinTech and InsureTech were similar concepts but differences could be identified. FinTech and InsureTech are still positively affecting the financial industry and consumers, but they are expected to become innovators that can lead the financial industry in the future.
 Implications: This study explained the concept of FinTech and InsureTech, and examined the impact of newly introduced high-tech technologies on the financial industry. Through this, it was possible to see the positive impact of FinTech and insurtech on the business sector and the general public. This author hopes that FinTech and InsureTech will be the driving force for new creation through improvement and innovation in each field.

Psychometric performance of the CFQ-R-8D compared to the EQ-5D-3L and SF-6D in people with cystic fibrosis.

This study aimed to compare the psychometric performance of the Cystic Fibrosis Questionnaire-Revised-8 Dimensions (CFQ-R-8D), a new, condition-specific, preference-based measure, with that of generic preference-based measures EQ-5D-3L and Short Form 6 dimensions (SF-6D). Data from three trials of participants with CF aged ≥ 14 years who completed the CFQ-R and EQ-5D-3L or SF-6D were used. Analyses were undertaken to evaluate convergent validity based on correlations with CFQ-R domain scores. Known-group validity was assessed based on percent predicted forced expiratory volume in one second and pulmonary exacerbations. Responsiveness was based on correlation of change and sensitivity to change based on change in symptom severity. Effect sizes and standardized response means were estimated. CFQ-R-8D utilities and dimensions were strongly correlated with most of the overlapping CFQ-R domain scores (ρ > 0.5); EQ-5D-3L and SF-6D utilities and dimensions had moderate (ρ > 0.3) to strong correlations in dimensions capturing similar concepts. All measures showed evidence of known-group validity (P < 0.05). Change correlations were strong for CFQ-R-8D utilities and dimensions and CFQ-R, but they were moderate for SF-6D and mostly weak ((ρ > 0.1) for EQ-5D-3L. The SF-6D had the largest mean change over time and effect sizes, followed by CFQ-R-8D and then EQ-5D-3L. Neither CFQ-R-8D or SF-6D utility scores had ceiling effects (< 9% responses in full health) compared with those of EQ-5D-3L (61-62%). In participants classified as being in full health by EQ-5D-3L, CFQ-R-8D captured CF-specific health problems, particularly cough, abdominal pain, and breathing difficulty. The CFQ-R-8D reflected known-group differences and changes over time with stronger evidence of good psychometric performance than EQ-5D-3L and similar evidence as SF-6D. Additionally, the CFQ-R-8D captured more condition-specific symptoms than EQ-5D-3L or SF-6D, which are important determinants of health-related quality of life for people with CF.

Leveraging Large Language Models for Clinical Abbreviation Disambiguation.

Clinical abbreviation disambiguation is a crucial task in the biomedical domain, as the accurate identification of the intended meanings or expansions of abbreviations in clinical texts is vital for medical information retrieval and analysis. Existing approaches have shown promising results, but challenges such as limited instances and ambiguous interpretations persist. In this paper, we propose an approach to address these challenges and enhance the performance of clinical abbreviation disambiguation. Our objective is to leverage the power of Large Language Models (LLMs) and employ a Generative Model (GM) to augment the dataset with contextually relevant instances, enabling more accurate disambiguation across diverse clinical contexts. We integrate the contextual understanding of LLMs, represented by BlueBERT and Transformers, with data augmentation using a Generative Model, called Biomedical Generative Pre-trained Transformer (BIOGPT), that is pretrained on an extensive corpus of biomedical literature to capture the intricacies of medical terminology and context. By providing the BIOGPT with relevant medical terms and sense information, we generate diverse instances of clinical text that accurately represent the intended meanings of abbreviations. We evaluate our approach on the widely recognized CASI dataset, carefully partitioned into training, validation, and test sets. The incorporation of data augmentation with the GM improves the model's performance, particularly for senses with limited instances, effectively addressing dataset imbalance and challenges posed by similar concepts. The results demonstrate the efficacy of our proposed method, showcasing the significance of LLMs and generative techniques in clinical abbreviation disambiguation. Our model achieves a good accuracy on the test set, outperforming previous methods.

Концепт СЛАКТИВИЗМ и его реализация в сетевых дискурсивных практиках (на материале русского, английского и французского языков)

This publication is conducted in the stream of studying neology in the modern language influenced by the active use of internet communication and network discursive practices. The aim of the research is to identify the semantic and pragmatic characteristics of the linguistic realization of the concept of SLACKTIVISM. The social significance of the concept is asserted, its intersections and relationships with semantically similar concepts such as PROPAGANDA, ACTIVISM circulating in the modern networked information space are determined. The scientific novelty of the conducted research lies in providing a systematic description of a new, unstudied concept in domestic philology, on the basis of the Russian, English, and French languages. This includes accentuating the history of its emergence, the contradictory nature of its linguistic implementation in the digital discourse of new media, and network techno-discursive practices. As a result, the concept of SLACKTIVISM is portrayed as an expression of a new form of internet activity that contributes to social and political changes both on a narrow scale and in the broader geopolitical space. The linguistic level examination indicates preferences for figurative nominations and common means of representation in European languages and national-cultural specificity.

An ideational turn in economic geography?

Over the last years, economic geography has witnessed a growing interest in the role of imaginaries, narratives, visions, and similar ideational concepts. This article sketches the contours of what might be seen as an emerging ideational turn in economic geography by discussing how ideational concepts have been retheorized and applied in the field. The article elaborates on open questions about the state of research on ideational concepts in economic geography and related fields and lays out avenues for future research that an ideational turn could enable.

Using positioning theory to think about mathematics classroom talk

This article aims to connect two research areas by using positioning theory to review the literature on talk moves, teacher interactions, and discourse patterns in mathematics education. First, a conceptual review identified 44 articles with 94 concepts describing interactions and discourse patterns. Similar concepts were grouped in a process that developed five categories, each describing one teacher position (a teacher who tells, a teacher who supports, a teacher who uses students’ ideas to create learning, a teacher who orchestrates, and a teacher who participates). Related to each position, we describe rights, duties, and communication acts. We suggest that these five teacher positions represent three transcendent storylines (teachers are providers of insight, teachers are facilitators of learning, and teachers are participants in learning). Using positioning theory enables us to understand the underlying powers that shape the classroom in relation to transcendent storylines, rights, and duties. We use this to explore what the implications are of these storylines and positions for equity and access to important mathematical ideas. This article contributes to our understanding of the complexity of classroom interactions and how transcendent storylines might play a role in subverting or promoting particular classroom communication patterns.

Balanced knowledge distribution among software development teams—Observations from open‐ and closed‐source software development

SummaryIn software development, developer turnover is among the primary reasons for project failures, leading to a great void of knowledge and strain for newcomers. Unfortunately, no established methods exist to measure how the problem domain knowledge is distributed among developers. Awareness of how this knowledge evolves and is owned by key developers in a project helps stakeholders reduce risks caused by turnover. To this end, this paper introduces a novel, realistic representation of problem domain knowledge distribution: the ConceptRealm. To construct the ConceptRealm, we employ a latent Dirichlet allocation model to represent textual features obtained from 300 K issues and 1.3 M comments from 518 open‐source projects. We analyze whether the newly emerged issues and developers share similar concepts or how aligned the individual developers' concepts are with the team over time. We also investigate the impact of leaving developers on the frequency of concepts. Finally, we also evaluate the soundness of our approach on a closed‐source software project, thus allowing the validation of the results from a practical standpoint. We find out that the ConceptRealm can represent the problem domain knowledge within a project and can be utilized to predict the alignment of developers with issues. We also observe that projects exhibit many keepers independent of project maturity and that abruptly leaving keepers correlates with a decline of their core concepts as the remaining developers cannot quickly familiarize themselves with those concepts.

الواسطة من جهة الصياغة الصرفية في اللغة الكردية

Language is an ever-changing entity that is constantly evolving and improving. As new ideas and concepts emerge, new words and terms are required to describe them. To create these new words and terms, language has various methods and techniques at its disposal, including the combination of existing words and concepts. One of the key terms in the process of combining words is "interfix", which is essential in creating many new words and terms.&#x0D; This research aims to provide an explanation and discussion of the term "interfix" and its function as a method for combining and creating words. The study includes examples of interfixes [و ، ە] (in Kurdish) and their ability to combine words, as well as examples of words that incorporate interfixes. Additionally, the research explores the role of interfixes in morpheme words and their place in morphology.&#x0D; This study comprises two main parts, in addition to the introduction, conclusion, and bibliography.&#x0D; Part One of this study includes a discussion of several topics related to morphology, such as independent morphemes, combined morphemes, morphemes of grammar, and morphemes used for word-making, including prefixes, interfixes, and suffixes. The section also provides a definition of interfix, its nature, the way it appears, and how it differs from other similar concepts in terminology and morphology. Additionally, the study explores the distinction between ending (ی) and interfix (ی).&#x0D; Part Two of this study focuses on interfixes in terminology, with a specific emphasis on (و ، ە) as examples of interfixes.

Diagnosis in clinical pastoral counselling

The article investigates the feasibility of the sanctuary model as a possible theological anthropological framework for diagnostic and treatment purposes in clinical pastoral practice. It is argued that the wilderness tabernacle matched the criteria for qualifying as a prototype sanctuary. The building-sanctuary is viewed as a metaphorical “body” for God’s being present in, and daily engagement with, human beings throughout all life trajectories and painful events. The notion of a spirituality of sanctuary is analogously linked with similar concepts in the human body-sanctuary (soulful embodiment) in accordance with Paul’s sanctuary-related anthropological terminology. Within the framework of sanctuary thinking and the founding of a theological anthropology, indicators for the assessment of a Christian spiritual praxis in clinical environments have been derived, suitable for diagnostic assessments and treatment. It is argued that the identification of possible directives for making a spiritual assessment of a person’s state of well-being (wholeness), could provide a broader platform from which patients can describe and interpret their responses to God within the therapeutic process of pastoral caregiving. In this regard, the praxis of a clinical approach is in fact a prolongation of wisdom counselling within the parameters of the discipline of cura animarum.

THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE RESEARCH OF RESILIENCE OF EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS

THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE RESEARCH OF RESILIENCE OF EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS

Experiences and perspectives of integrating nutrition education into an exercise program for people with chronic medical conditions.

Community-based healthy eating and exercise programs are effective interventions to support some people with chronic conditions. This research aimed to explore the experiences and perceptions of participants regarding the integration of nutrition education into a successful group based exercise program for people with chronic medical conditions. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with past participants of a community based group exercise program (Health Moves) with embedded nutrition advice based in a regional area of New South Wales. A total of 60 individuals who had participated in the Health Moves program between 2017 and 2019 were invited to participate and 19 (32%) randomly selected participants consented to be interviewed. Interviews explored participants' experiences, program impacts, and barriers to sustaining changes post program. Similar concepts and patterns were grouped into themes. Four themes were identified that described the experiences with a community-based group exercise intervention with a nutrition component. The major themes evident were that Health Moves facilitated motivation (via access to health professionals, peer support, accountability, affordability); and there were challenges identified to sustaining change (including cost, comorbidities, end of program support, environmental factors); Nutrition advice was valuable for some but not for all (difficulty recalling nutrition components, superficial coverage) Practical and interactive nutrition advice is desired. Participants expressed a high degree of satisfaction with the program but require ongoing support to sustain changes post program. The position and integration of nutrition education within this exercise program was perceived by participants to be suboptimal. Increased access to practical, interactive nutrition education components may improve participant satisfaction and engagement. SO WHAT?: Key findings from this research include a desire for removal of didactic nutrition education sessions and request for increased peer support. Modifications to the program include the integration of interactive self-paced nutrition modules. Peer support partnerships are now encouraged by trainers to support ongoing motivation of participants to keep training together outside the structured exercise program and transition to managing their own exercise routine. Discussions between organisations involved about ongoing pathway/program support or reduced cost 'off peak' gym membership is underway to help with costs incurred by participants.

Medical tourism among Indonesians: a scoping review

BackgroundInternational medical travel or medical tourism is not a new phenomenon in many countries, including among Indonesians. Indonesia is reported as a major source of patients from the lower, middle, to upper classes for its neighbouring countries. This scoping review aims to synthesise evidence on supporting factors for Indonesians taking medical tourism and what needs to be improved in Indonesia’s health system.MethodsWe conducted a scoping review guided by a framework provided by Arksey and O’Malley. We systematically searched existing literature from 5 databases, including MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, and Wiley. Data were extracted based on study details, study design, characteristics of participants and results. Analysis followed the three-stage procedure outlined by Thomas and Harden: (1) coding the text line by line, interpreting the data and identifying concepts or themes; (2) developing descriptive themes by grouping similar concepts in theme and subtheme and (3) generating analytical themes by reviewing preliminary themes and discussing the addition or revision of themes.ResultsA total of 25 articles were included in this review. The review highlights a broad range of facilitators for medical tourism among Indonesians: (i) availability of health services, medical specialities, and person-centred care, (ii) region adjacency, transport, and health agency, (iii) affordability of medical treatment, (iv) religious and socio-cultural factors, and (v) reasons patients reported distrust in Indonesian doctors.ConclusionThe findings indicate improvements in the Indonesian health system are necessary if the increasing rates of international medical tourism by Indonesian people are to change. Addressing the factors identified in this scoping review through avenues including policy may increase people’s satisfaction and trust towards health care and treatment in Indonesia, thereby reducing the number of Indonesian people taking medical tourism.

The Features, Classification, and Functions of Event Anaphora in Chinese News Discourse

In the corpus of modern Chinese news discourse, there exists a phenomenon of referentiality involving verbal elements, referred to as event anaphora. Its connotations exhibit distinct differences from similar concepts such as event nouns, cohesive connections, and deixis. This paper investigates the inherent distinctions of event anaphora from three perspectives: structural types, sentence components, and the frequency of reference. Additionally, incorporating discourse and stylistic considerations, the study offers three explanations for biases observed in statistics: the stylistic inclination of "this," the referential target and objective mechanism of the object, and the information structural impact of the frequency of reference.

Experimental assessment and prediction of design parameter influences on a specific vacuum-based granular gripper

Innovative soft robotic grippers, such as granular grippers, enable the automated handling of a wide spectrum of different geometries, increasing the flexibility and robustness of industrial production systems. Granular grippers vary in their design as well as in their configuration, which affects the specific characteristics and capabilities regarding grippable objects. Relevant aspects are the selection of granulates and membranes, as they affect the deformability. This influences the achievable gripping forces, which vary with the gripped objects geometry. On the basis of experimental studies, the modeling of interpolations as well as through experimental validations, the present research investigates the influences of different configurations on the achievable gripping forces for a specific concept of an innovative vacuum-based granular gripper. Specifically, the focus lies on design as well as configuration parameters, which could influence the achievable gripping force. Influencing parameters are determined based on a literature review of similar gripping concepts. Various adjustment possibilities are identified, such as materials of granulates or membranes. The possible configuration options are experimentally analyzed with a one-factor-at-a-time approach. The possibility of modelling the effects of their interrelations on the achievable gripping force is examined with approaches for linear models and compared to interpolations based on Machine Learning. Especially the granulate filling level and the membrane configuration exhibit the largest influences, which were best predicted with the approach based on artificial neural networks. A selection of an optimized gripper configuration for a specified object set as well as possible further developments such as a continuous expandability of the approaches and integrations with simulations are discussed. As a result of these analyses, this research provides methodologies for an optimized selection of a gripper configuration for an improved object-specific achievable gripping force and allows for more efficient handling processes with the examined type of vacuum-based granular gripper.