Similar Behavior Research Articles

Compressive Behavior of Some Balls Manufactured by 3D Printing from Ceramic-Polymer Composite Materials.

It is known that ceramic-polymer composite materials can be used to manufacture spherical bodies in the category of balls. Since balls are frequently subjected to compression loads, the paper presents some research results on the compression behavior of balls made of ceramic composite materials with a polymer matrix. The mathematical model of the pressure variation inside the balls highlights the existence of maximum values in the areas of contact with other parts. Experimental research was carried out on balls with a diameter of 20 mm, manufactured by 3D printing from four ceramic-polymer composite materials with a polymer matrix: pottery clay, terracotta, concrete, and granite. The same ceramic-polymer composite material was used, but different dyes were added to it. A gravimetric analysis revealed similar behavior of the four materials upon controlled heating. Through the mathematical processing of the experimental results obtained by compression tests, empirical mathematical models of the power-type function type were determined. These models highlight the influence exerted by different factors on the force at which the initiation of cracks in the ball materials occurs. The decisive influence of the infill factor on the size of the force at which the cracking of the balls begins was found.

Influence of prior treatment protocol on intravitreal dexamethasone implant behavior in patients with diabetic macular edema in real-world practice

ABSTRACT Background and Objective Intravitreal dexamethasone implant (DEXI) has been placed as an effective option to treat diabetic macular edema (DME). However, there is no consensus on the best time to introduce it. We conducted a study to evaluate anatomical and functional behavior after the first DEXI according to previous treatment. Research design and methods This retrospective, real-world study between 2013 and 2020 investigated changes in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT at months 2 and 6 after the first DEXI in DME. Patients were divided into naive, early switch (≤3 anti-VEGF injections), or late switch (>3 anti-VEGF injections) groups. Results Among 112 consecutive eyes, mean BCVA and CMT improved significantly in all groups at month 2, with no difference between them. However, this improvement was not maintained at 6 months. The Naíve group presented better BCVA all over the study period. The previously treated groups, which started with worse initial visual acuity, showed more visual gain without reaching the BCVA of the naive group. CMT performance was similar between groups. Conclusions There was similar anatomical and functional behavior in all groups. Poorer visual acuity at baseline was associated with worse functional outcome despite good anatomic response.

The influence of the hydrometeorological factors on the CO2 fluxes from the oligotrophic bog surface.

The influence of the hydrometeorological factors on the CO2 fluxes from the oligotrophic bog surface.

QCD worldsheet axion from the bootstrap

The worldsheet axion plays a crucial role in the dynamics of the Yang-Mills confining flux tubes. According to the lattice measurements, its mass is of order the string tension and its coupling is close to a certain critical value. Using the S-matrix Bootstrap, we construct non-perturbative 2 → 2 branon scattering amplitudes which also feature a weakly coupled axion resonance with these properties. We study the extremal bootstrap amplitudes in detail and show that the axion plays a dominant role in their UV completion in two distinct regimes, in one of which it cannot be considered a parametrically light particle. We conjecture that the actual flux tube amplitudes exhibit a similar behavior.

Running 40 Minutes under Temperate or Hot Environment Does Not Affect Operating Fascicle Length.

Muscle mechanics is paramount in our understanding of motor performance. However, little is known regarding the sensitivity of fascicle dynamics and connective tissues stiffness to exercise duration and ambient temperature during running, both increasing muscle temperature. This study aimed to determine gastrocnemius medialis (GM) fascicle dynamics in vivo during running in temperate and hot conditions, as well as muscle-tendon unit responses. Using ultrafast ultrasound, 15 participants (8 men, 7 women; 26 ± 3 yr) were tested before, during (2 and 40 min), and after a running task (40 min at 10 km·h -1 ) in temperate (TEMP; ~23°C) and hot (HOT: ~38°C) conditions. Although core, skin temperatures, and heart rate increased from the beginning to the end of the exercise and in a larger extent in HOT than TEMP ( P < 0.001), the physiological stress elicited did not alter running temporal parameters and GM fascicle operating lengths, with similar behavior of the fascicles on their force-length relationship, over time (2 vs 40 min) or across condition (TEMP vs HOT; P ≥ 0.248). Maximal voluntary force production did not reported statistical changes after exercise ( P = 0.060), and the connective tissues stiffness measured (i.e., passive muscle and stiffness of the series-elastic elements) did not show neither time ( P ≥ 0.281), condition ( P ≥ 0.256) nor time-condition interaction ( P ≥ 0.465) effect. This study revealed that prolonged running exercise does not alter muscle-tendon unit properties and interplay, which are not influenced by ambient temperature. These findings may rule out potential detrimental effects of heat on muscle properties and encourage further investigations on longer and more intense running exercise.

Investigating the properties of the water−vapor and water−graphite interfaces by PC-SAFT based density functional theory: A comparative study of different association functionals and PC-SAFT water parameter sets

In this work, we apply the perturbed-chain statistical associating fluid theory (PC-SAFT) based classical density functional theory to investigate the thermodynamics and structures of the water−vapor and water−graphite interfaces. For the water−vapor interface, we examine the surface tension as well as structural characteristics such as density profiles and hydrogen bonding distributions along the interface. For the water−graphite interface, we investigate these same structural features at a contact angle of 90° at 300 K. Specifically, we focus on comparing the results obtained from the three association functionals and six PC-SAFT water parameter sets from literature with experimental data and molecular simulation results. We find that the three association functionals exhibit qualitatively similar behavior in the calculation of surface tension, and it is more influenced by the parameter set rather than the association functional. The optimal functional or parameter set for the calculation of density profile of the vapor − liquid interface remains inconclusive, whereas preferable parameter sets and functionals have been identified for the water−graphite interface. Furthermore, the three functionals demonstrate a remarkably similar and qualitatively accurate depiction of the hydrogen bonding structures at both interfaces when compared with molecular simulation results. The level of quantitative accuracy, however, relies on whether the parameter set accurately reproduces the average number of hydrogen bonds of bulk water as observed in this particular set of molecular simulation results. The results of the present work offer valuable guidance for further investigation into the adsorption and wetting behavior of water on graphite-like surface, as well as the properties of water confined at the nanoscale.

Emulsifying property of Schinopsis brasiliensis gum in oil-in-water emulsions

Gums are polysaccharide compounds widely used by food, pharmaceutical and biomedical industries for different purposes, in particular due to their ability to stabilize emulsions. In this work, the raw gum of Schinopsis brasiliensis Engl., popularly known as Barauna (GB) was employed in different oil/water formulations in order to evaluate its emulsifying activity in comparison with the commercial Arabic gum (GA) as a positive control. Rheological properties of GB and GA were also evaluated and similar behavior was observed. To study the emulsifying activity of each sample, a three-stage experimental design combined with a 24 full factorial design was developed. At each stage, parameters such as sample concentration, oil concentration, agitation speed and agitation time were recorded. The evaluation of the physical-chemical properties of the emulsions indicated that the stirring speed and oil concentration were the variables that most influenced the stability of emulsions. Regardless of the type of the gum, the emulsions prepared with the highest agitation speed (25000 rpm) and lowest oil concentration (1.0%v/v), in general, showed smaller droplet size and polydispersity index (PDI), and, therefore, greater stability. Emulsions prepared with GB (4.0 mg/mL) were stable for a longer period of time (28 days) than those obtained with GA. These results suggest that the optimization of the speed and time of agitation for the samples preparation containing GB could result in emulsions with the highest potential to achieve the ultrafine (nano) dimensions required for pharmaceutical, medical and food industry applications.

On the response of the mesopause region over an Indian Antarctic station Bharati to the geomagnetic storm of 23–24 March 2023

We report, in this work, the changes in the thermal structure of the mesosphere-lower thermosphere (MLT) region over an Indian Antarctic station Bharati (69.4° S, 76.2° E, CGM coordinates 75° S, 97° E) brought about by an intense geomagnetic storm of 23–24 March 2023 (Dst ∼ −155 nT). We use the temperature and OH airglow measurements of the Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) instrument onboard NASA's Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics (TIMED) mission satellite to compare the thermal field of the MLT region on these disturbed days with the neighbouring quietest days of 27–28 March. Such comparison reveals both warming and cooling in the MLT region associated with the storm. An extension of this comparative study in the latitude region located poleward of Bharati also shows similar behavior of the MLT region during this geomagnetic storm. Overall, this study reveals the maximum temperature enhancement of ∼39–43 K to occur at around 99 km, a significant warming of ∼4–43 K in 95–105 km, and a decrease of ∼12–16 K in 80–87 km. While the enhancement of temperature in 95–105 km appears to be a consequence of the auroral heating associated with this storm; we are unable to account for the cooling below based on existing theories. Present observation of the development of cooling underneath the region of temperature enhancement during the geomagnetic storm is rare and demands further investigation.

Polyfunctional sugar-free white chocolate fortified with Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG co-encapsulated with beet residue extract (Beta vulgaris L.)

Chocolate is a worldwide consumed food. This study investigated the fortification of sugar-free white chocolate with Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG microcapsule co-encapsulated with beet residue extract. The chocolates were evaluated for moisture, water activity, texture, color properties, melting, physicochemical, and probiotic stability during storage. Furthermore, the survival of L. rhamnosus GG and the bioaccessibility of phenolic compounds were investigated under in vitro simulated gastrointestinal conditions. Regarding the characterization of probiotic microcapsules, the encapsulation efficiency of L. rhamnosus GG was > 89 % while the encapsulation efficiency of phenolic compounds was > 62 %. Chocolates containing probiotic microcapsules were less hard and resistant to breakage. All chocolates had a similar melting behavior (endothermic peaks between 32.80 and 34.40 °C). After 120 days of storage at 4 °C, probiotic populations > 6.77 log CFU/g were detected in chocolate samples. This result demonstrates the potential of this matrix to carry L. rhamnosus GG cells. Regarding the resistance of probiotic strains during gastric simulation, the co-encapsulation of L. rhamnosus GG with beet extract contributed to high counts during gastrointestinal transit, reaching the colon (48 h) with viable cell counts equal to 11.80 log CFU/g. Finally, one of our main findings was that probiotics used phenolic compounds as a substrate source, which may be an observed prebiotic effect.

Effect of TEOS on the rheological properties of polyvinylidene fluoride and poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene)

The influence of TEOS on the rheological properties of PVDF and poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) was investigated. The addition of TEOS to low molecular weight PVDF results in pseudoplastic behavior. The exception is PVDF containing 5 wt%. TEOS, which shows dilation behavior. Similar behavior has high molecular weight PVDF with the addition of 2 wt.% TEOS and low molecular weight copolymer with and without TEOS. The influence of temperature on the viscosity and activation energy of the tested PVDF solutions and the influence of TEOS on the average molecular weight were also examined.

Spatial Variability of Rare Earth Elements in Groundwater in the Vicinity of a Coal-Fired Power Plant and Associated Health Risk.

This study investigated the occurrence and distribution of rare earth elements (REEs), including 14 lanthanoids, scandium (Sc), and yttrium (Y), in groundwater around a large coal-fired thermal power plant (TPP). The ICP-MS technique was used to analyze 16 REEs in groundwater samples collected from monitoring wells. REE concentrations ranged from 59.9 to 758 ng/L, with an average of 290 ng/L. The most abundant was Sc, followed by La, accounting for 54.2% and 21.4% of the total REE concentration, respectively. Geospatial analysis revealed the REE enrichment at several hotspots near the TPP. The highest REE concentrations were observed near the TPP and ash landfill, decreasing with the distance from the plant and the landfill. REE fractionation ratios and anomalies suggested the Light REE dominance, comprising over 78% of the total REEs. Correlation and principal component analyses indicated similar behavior and sources for most REEs. Health risk assessment found hazard indices (HI) of 1.36 × 10-3 and 1.98 × 10-3 for adults and children, respectively, which are far below the permissible limit (HI = 1). Likewise, incremental lifetime cancer risks (ILCR) were all below 1 × 10-6. Nevertheless, ongoing ash disposal and potential accumulation in the environment could elevate the REE exposure over time.

Influence of the metal post material, tooth location in the dental arch, and metal artifact reduction tool on vertical root fracture diagnosis in cone beam CT.

This study aimed to evaluate the influence of the metal post composition, tooth location in the dental arch, and metal artifact reduction (MAR) on vertical root fracture (VRF) diagnosis in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Twenty-two unirradicular premolars (12 sound and 10 fractured) and two alveolar sockets of a mandible (anterior and posterior regions) composed the sample. CBCT scans of each tooth with a metal post placed into the root canal-silver-palladium (Ag-Pd), cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr), or nickel-chromium (Ni-Cr)-were individually acquired for each mandibular region, and two conditions of MAR, using a OP300 device (Instrumentarium, Finland). Images were assessed by five evaluators independently for VRF detection. Diagnostic values were calculated and compared among all groups using multi-way ANOVA with Tukey post hoc test to investigate the effect of post material, anatomical region, and MAR on VRF diagnosis (α = 0.05). Values of area under the receiver operating curve and specificity were not influenced by the studied factors (p > 0.05). Sensitivity was influenced by the MAR in both mandibular regions (p < 0.05). In the anterior region, sensitivity values increased when the MAR was enabled, regardless of the metal post material (p < 0.05). Similar behavior was noticed in the posterior region for Ni-Cr (p < 0.05) but not for Ag-Pd and Co-Cr posts (p > 0.05). The MAR improved the sensitivity in VRF diagnosis for all tested metal posts in the mandibular anterior region and for the Ni-Cr post in the mandibular posterior region. Therefore, for images obtained in the OP300 CBCT device, activation of the MAR is suggested in these cases.

Unveiling Dynamics of Contemporary Cities: The Influences of Urban Form on the Potential for the Socio-Spatial Vitality of Streets

Starting from the assertion that vitality can be promoted by morphological elements, the article focuses on the significance of understanding these relationships for the urban security. The research aims to develop an original methodological essay in different scalar approaches of the Cidade Industrial de Curitiba (CIC) neighborhood in the state capital of Paraná, Brazil. The study began with spatial syntax on a macroscale (CIC) associating road axes integration with crime spots, resulting in the selection of four analysis points on the microscale (street). The integration of these two scales as a unique feature of the study. Considering the lot frontage as a unit of evaluation for interpreting characteristics of public spaces, private areas, temporary conditions, and nighttime scenarios, the answers to the investigative question indicate similar behavior for the parameters of the two latter themes. At the same time, significant connections with criminal activities are found only for the second subject. This result is primarily conditioned by the existence of elements that do not generate vitalized places and are not attractive to the attention of offenders. In conclusion, the guiding hypothesis that certain variables for vitality have more relevant relationships between landscape and security is confirmed. The practical implications of this confirmation have real-world applications in structuring integrated policies for urban planning and security measures in contemporary cities.

Incidence, Correlates, and Prognostic Significance of Mixed Response in Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.

Mixed response (MR), a scenario featuring discordant tumor changes, has been reported primarily with targeted therapies or immunotherapy. We determined the incidence and prognostic significance of MR in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with cytotoxic chemotherapy. We analyzed patient-level data from ECOG-ACRIN E5508 (carboplatin-paclitaxel + bevacizumab induction followed by randomization to maintenance therapy regimens). For patients with at least 2 target lesions and available measurements after cycle 2, we characterized response as homogeneous response (HR, similar behavior of all lesions), MR (similar behavior but >30% difference in magnitude of best and least responding lesions), or true mixed response (TMR, best and least responding lesions showing different behavior: ≥10% growth versus ≥10% shrinkage). We compared category characteristics using Mann-Whitney U and Chi-square tests, and overall survival (OS) using log-rank test and Cox models. Among 965 evaluable patients, HR occurred in 609 patients (63%), MR in 208 (22%), and TMR in 148 (15%). Median OS was 13.6 months for HR, 12.0 months for MR, and 7.6 months for TMR (P < .001). Compared to HR, TMR had inferior OS among stable disease cases (HR 1.62; 95% CI, 1.23-2.12; P < .001) and a trend toward inferior OS among progressive disease cases (HR 1.39; 95% CI, 0.83-2.33; P = .2). In multivariate analysis, TMR was associated with worse OS (HR 1.48; 95% CI, 1.22-1.79; P < .001). True mixed response occurs in a substantial minority of lung cancer cases treated with chemotherapy and independently confers poor prognosis.

Thermal conductivity of layered minerals using molecular dynamics simulation: A case study on calcium sulfates

Layered minerals containing inter-layer water show directional anisotropy. In previous work, the authors have shown that this inter-layer water affects the mechanical performance of these minerals. Even though difference in thermal conductivity of minerals has been alluded to in experimental literature due to presence of water molecules within crystal, a detailed coordinated theoretical study has not been carried out. In this work, a molecular dynamics study has been presented on sulfates of calcium to demonstrate that thermal conductivity is indeed reduced with the presence of inter-layer water. The correlation between the vibration of different molecular groups to the thermal transport mechanism of the material has been investigated. It has been observed that vibration modes of H2O molecules have a negligible contribution to thermal transport eventually reducing thermal conductivity perpendicular to the water layer. Even though calcium sulfate has been chosen for this study, it can be anticipated that similar behaviors can be observed with other minerals in which inter-layer water is present. This study represents a detailed structure–property correlation in the thermal transport mechanism through layered minerals.

Agar and Chitosan Hydrogels' Design for Metal-Uptaking Treatments.

In the field of cultural heritage, the use of natural gels is rising for the application of active agents. Here, two natural polymers are assessed: agar, a pioneer hydrogel for conservation treatments, and chitosan, a rather novel and metal-binding gel. For chitosan, a state-of-the-art based formulation (CS-ItA-LCys) is evaluated as it was reported for silver-complexing properties. It is evaluated whether these polymers can withstand the addition of the chelating compound deferoxamine, which is a bacterial siderophore. This allows for the obtainment of completely bio-sourced gel systems. A Fourier-transformed (FT) infrared spectroscopy characterization is performed, completed with rheological measurements and Cryo-Scanning Electron Microscopy (cryo-SEM) to investigate the physico-chemical properties of the gels, as well as their interaction with deferoxamine. Both polymers are also tested for their inherent complexing ability on silver ions using FT-Raman spectroscopy. A multi-analytical comparison shows different microstructures, in particular, the presence of a thick membrane for chitosan and different mechanical behaviors, with agar being more brittle. Neither hydrogel seems affected by the addition of deferoxamine; this is shown by similar rheological behavior and molecular structures in the presence or absence of the chelator. The intrinsic abilities of the chitosan formulation to make silver complex are demonstrated with the observation of two peaks characteristic of Ag-S and Ag-O bonds. Agar and chitosan are both proven to be reliable gels to act as carriers for bio-based active agents. This paper confirms the potential asset of the chitosan formulation CS-ItA-LCys as a promising gel for the complexation of soluble silver.

Production of the prolyl endoprotease (PEP) from Aspergillus sp. FSDE 16 by solid-state fermentation (SSF) and use for producing a gluten-free beer.

Beer is a beverage that contains gluten and cannot be consumed by people with celiac disease. In this context, the enzyme prolyl endoprotease (PEP) can be used to reduce the gluten content in beer. The present study aimed to produce the PEP from Aspergillus sp. FSDE 16 using solid-state fermentation with 5 conditions and comparing with a similar commercial enzyme produced from Aspergillus niger in the production of a gluten-free beer. The results of the performed cultures showed that during the culture, the most increased protease activity (54.46U/mL) occurred on the 4th day. In contrast, for PEP, the highest activity (0.0356U/mL) was obtained on the 3rd day of culture in condition. Regarding beer production, cell growth, pH, and total soluble solids showed similar behavior over the 7 days for beers produced without enzyme addition or with the addition of commercial enzyme and with the addition of the enzyme extract produced. The addition of the enzyme and the enzyme extract did not promote changes, and all the beers produced showed similar and satisfactory results, with acid pH between 4 and 5, total soluble solids ranging from 4.80 to 5.05, alcohol content ranging from 2.83% to 3.08%, and all beers having a dark character with deep amber and light copper color. Gluten removal was effectively using the commercial enzyme and the enzyme produced according to condition (v) reaching gluten concentrations equal to 17±5.31 and 21.19±11.28ppm, respectively. In this way, the production of the enzyme by SSF and its application in the removal of gluten in beer was efficient.

Study on the zinc porphyrins as potential carbonic anhydrase mimics for promoting CO2 absorption in K2CO3 solution

Zinc porphyrins, boasting a coordination environment akin to that of natural carbonic anhydrase (CA), coupled with excellent structural stability, built-in hydrophobic pocket, and suitable charge of center Zn2+, were considered as potential CA-mimics for CO2 capture. To validate this assumption, three zinc porphyrin representatives, zinc porphin (ZnP), zinc protoporphyrin IX (ZnPP), and zinc meso-tetrakis(N-methylpyridinium-4-yl) porphyrin (ZnTMPyP), were prepared, and tested performance in enhancing CO2 absorption in water and K2CO3 solutions. The results from CO2 absorption experiments indicated that ZnTMPyP with the optimal dosage increased CO2 absorption rate by 44.25 % in water, and ZnPP with the optimal dosage increased the CO2 absorption rate by 63.67 % in 20 wt% of K2CO3 solution, which are respectively 1.53 and 2.07 times of CO2 absorption performance of zinc cyclen (ZnC), the most effective CA-mimic reported. Besides, the zinc porphyrins demonstrated excellent stability and reusability throughout five cycles of CO2 absorption and desorption, which are vital aspects for practical applications. Through the calorimetric method and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, it was confirmed that the prepared zinc porphyrins had similar enzymatic behavior and catalytic CO2 hydration pathway to natural CA. According to the results of characterization and DFT calculations, high dispersion, the lowest charge of the Zn2+ center, and the existence of additional CO2 adsorption sites (propionate ions), endow ZnPP with the highest catalytic activity in the K2CO3 solution.

Сімейна політика в повоєнних умовах: висновки для України

The article is devoted to the study of the experience of implementing family policy in countries where, at the same time, military actions took place on their own territory and the demographic behaviour of the population is close to that of Ukrainians. The relevance is due to the existence of significant challenges for the demographic and socio-economic development of Ukraine, which have intensified as a result of the Russian-Ukrainian war. The war intensifies depopulation against the backdrop of decline in the quality of life and increases the migratory outflow of the population. Family policy has the potential to mitigate demographic challenges. Studying the experience of its implementation in countries that have gone through heavy military operations on their own territory and have similar demographic behaviour of the population can contribute to the formation of vision for the development of family policy in Ukraine. The cases of wars and post-war reconstruction of Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina were determined to be the most comparable. The purpose of the paper is to study the experience of family policy in countries that had the wars on their own territory and to determine the possibilities of implementing their experience in Ukraine. The work uses the following methods: comparison, generalization and induction, historical analogy and systemic approach, critical assessment of scientific achievements in the relevant field, elements of graphic analysis and comparative legal analysis, abstract-logical method. A set of statistical indicators used in the article is based on the materials of Eurostat, OECD Family Database, World Bank Open Data, the Agency for Statistics of Bosnia and Herzegovina, scientific publications on the subject. The novelty of the work consists in supplementing ideas about the possibilities and consequences of the implementation of family policy in post-war conditions, as well as the possibilities of using the experience of other countries in the conditions of post-war recovery. It is substantiated that the development of the family policy of the European countries that experienced hostilities on their own territory took place in the conditions of a low level of funding, most of the planned instruments were not implemented, the documented goals regarding fertility (quite ambitious) were not achieved. The post-war fertility in the more economically successful Croatia, after the war-induced fluctuations and subsequent decline, stabilized at a higher level than in the poorer Bosnia and Herzegovina, although the pre-war situation was the opposite. The low level of family policy funding, low preschool enrollment rate, lack of significant childbirth payments, difficulties with the opportunities of mothers in the labour market, spread of gender stereotypes are characteristic of the considered countries. The development of family policy in the context of postwar recovery ultimately leads to attempts to develop a comprehensive family policy with an emphasis on childcare services, the spread of gender equality and support for working parents.

Impact of try-in paste removal on the fatigue behavior of bonded lithium disilicate ceramics

This in vitro study assessed the effectiveness of three cleaning protocols (air-water spray, 37% phosphoric acid, or Ivoclean) on lithium disilicate restorations' fatigue behavior after try-in paste application, compared to a clean condition. Lithium disilicate discs (IPS e.max CAD, Ivoclar) with Ø-= 12 mm and 1 mm thickness were prepared from prefabricated CAD-CAM blocks, polished, subjected to CAD-CAM milling topography simulation and crystallization. After, etching with 5% hydrofluoric acid and the application of try-in paste (Variolink try-in paste shade white; load of 2.5 N for 5 min) was performed. Discs that received try-in paste were divided into three groups according to the removal protocol: SPRAY – air-water spray for 30 s; HPO – active application of 37% phosphoric acid for 60 s; IVOC – application of Ivoclean for 20 s. Control group (CTRL group) did not receive the try-in paste application. Half of the specimens (n= 15) were tested in the baseline condition (24 h up to 7 days), and the others underwent 25,000 thermal cycles (5 – 55 °C) + 210 days of distilled water storage (37 °C). Additional specimens (n= 3) underwent monotonic testing (1 mm/min). Fatigue testing involved a cyclic fatigue approach (20 Hz, initial load = 100 N – 5000 cycles, step size = 50 N – 10,000 cycles) until a visible crack appeared. Fractographic and topographic analyses were performed. Fatigue data were statistically analyzed with two-way ANOVA, Kaplan-Meier log-rank (Mantel-Cox), and independent t-test (α= 0.05). In the baseline condition, the IVOC group resulted in a superior fatigue behavior compared to the CTRL and SPRAY groups, but similar to the HPO group. The HPO and SPRAY presented a similar fatigue behavior to the CTRL group. It was noticed a decrease in fatigue behavior after aging, which resulted in all the cleaning protocols leading to similar fatigue behavior compared to the CTRL group. On the SPRAY group surface, try-in pastes remnants were noticed. In summary, despite a detrimental impact at baseline conditions, all tested cleaning protocols seem proper to remove the try-in paste from the ceramic's surface in the long-term evaluation.