Silicone Oil Migration Research Articles

Intraoperative findings and postoperative results associated with cataract surgery performed after retinal reattachment surgery in dogs-36 cases (41 eyes).

To report intraoperative findings and complications associated with cataract surgery performed after retinal reattachment surgery (RR) via pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) using perfluoro-n-octane (PFO), laser retinopexy, and silicone oil tamponade in dogs. Retrospective record review of dogs that underwent post-RR cataract surgery. Signalment, time between RR and cataract surgery, type of lens extraction, postoperative visual status, and intra- and postoperative complications were recorded. Cataract formation or progression after RR was categorized as early (≤12months) or late (>12months). A total of 36 dogs (41 eyes) were included. Average time between RR and cataract surgery was 665days (median: 546). Early postoperative incidence of cataracts occurred in 19 eyes (46.3%). Types of lens extraction included phacoemulsification with intraocular lens (86.1%, 31/36 dogs), phacoemulsification alone (11.1%, 4/36 dogs), and intracapsular lens extraction (2.8%, 1/36 dogs). Visual improvement occurred in 95.1% of eyes (39/41) immediately postoperatively. Long term, 93.9% of eyes (31/33) maintained vision at 1month, 85.2% of eyes (23/27) at 3months, 77.3% of eyes (17/22) at 6months, and 60% (12/20) at 12months postoperatively. The most common postoperative complications were glaucoma (29.3%, 12/41 eyes), corneal ulceration (24.4%, 10/36 eyes), fibrin formation (21.9%, 9/41 eyes), and silicone oil migration into the anterior chamber (19.5%, 8/41 eyes). Post-RR cataract surgery should be considered in dogs with vision loss from cataracts after RR. In most eyes, vision was maintained up to 1year postoperatively.

Migration of silicone oil through aurolab aqueous drainage implant

Migration of silicone oil through aurolab aqueous drainage implant

Surgical Management for Silicone Oil Barrier of Traumatic Aniridia with Aphakia: Suturing of Temporary Iris-Diaphragm Prior to Final Iris-Lens-Diaphragm Implantation.

PurposePatients with traumatic aniridia, aphakia and retinal complications can require silicone oil endotamponade. In the absence of compartmentalization, there is a risk of silicone oil migrating to the anterior chamber which can cause long-term complications. We report a two-step procedure in trauma cases, using sutures for silicone oil retention in primary care and subsequently prior to secondary artificial iris (AI) and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation, to achieve a reconstruction of the anterior and posterior chamber.Material and MethodsSeven patients with loss of the iris-lens-diaphragm after an ocular trauma and the need for silicone oil endotamponade underwent a primary intervention including wound closure, placement of silicone oil retention sutures and silicone oil filling. Four of those underwent secondary reconstruction with silicone oil removal and AI and IOL implantation and could be included in this retrospective observational study. All main outcome measures were evaluated after the first and after the second surgery. The main outcome measures were morphological findings, subjective impairment from glare, subjective cosmetic disfigurement, patient satisfaction and intraocular pressure (IOP) as well as best-corrected distance visual acuity and objective refraction.ResultsThe retention sutures could effectively prevent silicone oil migration into the anterior chamber in the first surgery. Silicone oil emulsifications in the anterior chamber were observed in one patient. In two patients, pigment deposition at the sutures was seen. Subjective impairment from glare and subjective cosmetic disfigurement could be reduced after the second surgery compared to the evaluation after the first surgery. IOP and best-corrected distance visual acuity remained stable. No eye needed silicone oil refilling after the secondary reconstruction surgery.ConclusionOur two-step approach is viable and provides good functional and aesthetic results. We observed a high patient satisfaction.

Intraocular Silicone Oil Implant Migration in a Patient with a Craniopharyngioma

A 75-year-old male presented to the hospital with concern for failure to thrive and generalized weakness. He also experienced a fall three weeks prior to presentation. A non-contrast head computed tomography (CT) scan showed an intraventricular hyperdensity at the left frontal horn of the lateral ventricle initially concerning for intraventricular hemorrhage. However, the non-dependent locations of the hyperdensity favored silicone oil migration from prior left intraocular silicone oil implant injection. Patient was also found to have an incidental craniopharyngioma.

Characteristics, fates and complications of long-term silicone oil tamponade after pars plana vitrectomy

BackgroundSilicone oil tamponade has become a mainstay in treatment of advanced retinal detachment due to multiple etiologies. The aim of this study is to assess the characteristics, fates and complications of long-term silicone oil tamponade after par plana vitrectomy (PPV), and to compare the outcomes of different silicone oil viscosities used in a cohort of consecutive patients.MethodsThis is a retrospective comparative case series of eyes undergoing vitrectomy with silicone oil tamponade for retinal detachment by a single surgeon using different oil viscosities that were followed for one year with the silicone oil in situ. Visual acuity (VA), intraocular pressure (IOP) and complications associated with the follow up period were analyzed and compared.ResultsEighty-five eyes of 85 patients were included in this study. Forty three patients had 1000 centistoke (cs) oil injected and 42 patients had 5000cs oil utilized. Demographic, cause of retinal detachment and preoperative ocular characteristics were similar in both groups. Long term complications in both groups included ocular hypertension (67.4% vs 66.7%), keratopathy due to silicone oil emulsification and migration to the anterior chamber (7.0% vs 11.9%), recurrent retinal detachment (4.7% vs 19%) and epiretinal membrane formation (7% vs 19%). In the 1000cs oil group, there was no significant difference between baseline IOP and any subsequent visit. There was a significant difference between baseline IOP and visits at day 1 (with IOP difference of 2.61 mmHg (±6.5)) (p = 0.028), 1 month (with IOP difference of 3.52 mmHg (±8.1)) (p = 0.026), 4 months (with IOP difference of 6.38 mmHg (±9.3)) (p = 0.005), and one year (with IOP difference of 4.24 mmHg (±11.1)) (p = 0.048), all higher in the post-operative period in the 5000cs oil group. Excluding the first post-operative day, no significant difference was found for VA between baseline visits and subsequent visits for either silicone oil groups.ConclusionIn this cohort of patients with long-term silicone oil tamponade after PPV to treat retinal detachment, IOP increased significantly in patients who received 5000cs silicone oil. There was no significant difference between other complication rates in patients receiving either oil viscosities. Long term silicone oil tamponade remains a viable option in certain cases, and a vigilant follow up for complications is necessary to limit any adverse effects and improve visual and surgical outcomes.

Orbital Leakage of Intraocular Silicone Oil: Case Reports and Literature Review

Silicone oil migration into the periorbital tissues occurs rarely after vitreo-retinal surgery and two cases are reported. The first case was a 48-year-old woman who presented with a blind painful right eye, upper eyelid swelling, and ptosis after multiple vitreo-retinal surgeries. Diffuse infiltration of silicone oil in the upper eyelid and anterior orbit was found during evisceration, mainly around the plate of a Baerveldt glaucoma valve. In the second case, a 69-year-old man with prior right scleral rupture underwent silicone oil tamponade for retinal detachment and presented with right upper eyelid swelling due to multiple silicone oil granulomas within the orbit. Open globe injury and glaucoma drainage devices both appear to facilitate extraocular migration of silicone oil that results in marked orbital infiltration and inflammatory response.

Watch out for the special location of intraventricular silicone oil following an intraocular tamponade - a 10-year follow-up case report based on CT/MRI

BackgroundIntraventricular silicone oil is a relatively rare complication resulted from silicone oil tamponade to treat retinal detachment. It is occasionally reported in previous literature. To the best of our knowledge, the long-term longitudinal comparisons of silicone oil both in the brain and in the postoperative eyeball based on CT/MRI were lacking, and intraventricular silicone oil accumulation beside lesions has been reported rarely.Case presentationA 63-year-old male patient underwent an intraocular tamponade with silicone oil in June 2009. Eight CT examinations and 2 MRI examinations were acquired between 2011 and 2018.The changes of silicone oil in the brain in CT/MRI as below: Silicone oil initially migration to bilateral lateral ventricular anterior horn was found in November 2011, it was aslo found at right side of suprasellar cisterna, and there was no change in location 6 h later; Silicone oil at the anterior horn of right lateral ventricle disappeared but remained at left lateral ventricle and right side of suprasellar cisterna in July 2014, and there was no change in location in a short-term reexamination. It was found at the middle of left lateral ventricle (adjacent to the real cause) in march 2018, but disappeared 3 months later, while remained at anterior horn of left lateral ventricular and right side of suprasellar cisterna all the time. There was no change in location in the next 2 follow-up (September and October in 2018). The CT values of silicone oil distributed throughout the brain were dynamically changed with time.ConclusionIt is important to recognize intraventricular silicone oil in a particular location.More important is to discover “the real murderer”, which is the main cause of symptoms in the vicinity of special location. Moreover, the migration of silicone oil between eyeball and brain may not be always in a single direction.

Intravitreal Silicone Oil Migration Into the Lateral Cerebral Ventricles.

Silicone oil (SO) is often used as an intraocular tamponade in repairs of retinal detachments. It may be associated with complications such as cataract, glaucoma, keratopathy, subretinal migration of oil, fibrous epiretinal and sub retinal proliferations, and oil emulsification. The purpose of this report is to describe a rare phenomenon of intraocular silicone oil migration into the cerebral ventricles, which may later be mistaken for intraventricular hemorrhages on neuroimaging. Case report with literature review. A patient with a history of retinal detachment repair with intraocular SO presented with headaches. Neuroimaging revealed SO migration to the cerebral ventricles. The patient was treated conservatively with symptom management and headaches resolved. We present a case of intraocular SO migration to the cerebral ventricles and review the current literature. We also propose two mechanisms for this phenomenon.

Subretinal and Retrolaminar Migration of Intraocular Silicone Oil Detected on CT.

Intraocular silicone oil injection has been used to treat complicated retinal detachments, and recently its retrolaminar and intracranial migration has been reported. The purpose of this study was to document the prevalence of posterior migration of intraocular silicone oil on head CT and describe the clinical and radiologic findings. This retrospective study included 57 patients with intraocular silicone oil injection who underwent unenhanced head CT between November 2008 and July 2018. All images were visually evaluated for subretinal and retrolaminar migration of intraocular silicone oil involving the anterior visual pathway (optic nerve, optic chiasm, and optic tract) and the ventricular system. Attenuation values of those structures were measured and compared with those of the contralateral or adjacent normal structures. We detected subretinal and retrolaminar silicone oil migration in 7 of the 57 patients (12%), noting silicone oil at the optic nerve head (n = 2), retrolaminar optic nerve (n = 5), optic chiasm (n = 3), optic tract (n = 3), and in the lateral ventricles (n = 1). Attenuation values of the structures with silicone oil migration were significantly higher than those of the control regions (optic nerve head, 69.2 ± 12.4 vs 29.8 ± 10.2 HU, P < .001; retrolaminar optic nerve, 59.9 ± 11.6 vs 30.9 ± 8.6 HU, P < .001; optic chiasm, 74.2 ± 11.0 vs 25.6 ± 6.9 HU, P < .001; optic tract, 70.1 ± 4.7 vs 28.7 ± 7.2 HU, P < .001). No significant ophthalmic or neurologic complications were documented in the patients with silicone oil migration. Subretinal and retrolaminar migration of intraocular silicone oil is common. Although there were no apparent complications associated with silicone oil migration, the radiologist and clinician should be aware of this phenomenon.

Retrolaminar and Chiasmal Silicone Oil Migration

Retrolaminar and Chiasmal Silicone Oil Migration

Multiple Superwettable Nanofiber Arrays Prepared by a Facile Dewetting Strategy via Controllably Localizing a Low‐Energy Compound

AbstractSuperwettable solid surfaces have attracted substantial research interest due to their outstanding performance. Various approaches have been developed for preparing superwettable surfaces via constructing a highly textured surface roughness and/or altering the surface free energy. Here, a facile dewetting strategy is proposed to produce multiple superwettabilities on copper hydroxide nanofiber arrays (Cu(OH)2‐NFAs) by controlling the localized state of low‐energy silicone oil. It is proposed that both the capillary forces along each nanofiber and the evaporation of the octane solvent contribute to the localization of the silicone oil in the NFAs. By varying the concentration of the silicone oil, its localized state changes from a scattered discontinuous distribution to a continuous thin/thick film, which leads to variations in the surface energy and surface roughness. Consequently, Cu(OH)2‐NFAs with superhydrophilicity, superhydrophobicity with both high and low adhesion, and super slippery properties are prepared. Notably, a very small amount of silicone oil can alter the surface wettability of the Cu(OH)2‐NFAs from superhydrophilic to superhydrophobic, which is attributable to the migration of silicone oil to the top of the nanofibers during the dewetting process. These results will provide new insights on the facile fabrication of functional surfaces with multiple superwettabilities.

Complications of cataract surgery in eyes filled with silicone oil.

The aim of the study was to evaluate complications of cataract surgery in eyes filled with silicone oil. This retrospective, noncomparative, consecutive case series analyzed medical files of patients with eyes filled with silicone oil undergoing cataract surgery. Phacoemulsification with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation was conducted with or without concurrent silicone oil removal. In this study, 121 eyes of 120 patients were included. In 32 eyes (26.4%) with evident silicone oil microemulsification or silicone oil-associated open-angle glaucoma, silicone oil was removed prior to phacoemulsification through a pars plana incision and no cases of posterior capsular rupture occurred during the subsequent cataract surgery. In the remaining 89 eyes, phacoemulsification was performed with silicone oil in the vitreous cavity. In these eyes, the rate of posterior capsular rupture was 9/89 (10.1%) and the rate of silicone oil migration into the anterior chamber through an apparently intact posterior capsule was 5/89 (5.6%). In 94 eyes (77.7%), an intraocular lens was inserted into the capsular bag, in 3 eyes (2.5%) into the sulcus, and in 1 eye (0.8%) a transscleral suturing was performed. In this series, complications related to the silicone oil were not uncommon during cataract surgery. In the majority of patients without evident silicone oil microemulsification or silicone oil-associated open-angle glaucoma, cataract surgery and posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation were performed while leaving the silicone oil in place.

Silicone Oil in Optic Chiasm: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Purpose: To report a case of silicone oil migration into optic chiasm with resultant visual field defect in the fellow eye. We also summarize the risk factors and pathogenic mechanisms responsible for the silicone oil migration and the subsequent neurological effects associated with it. Methods: A 36-year-old gentleman presented with a history of vitrectomy with silicone oil tamponade in the left eye with sudden-onset temporal field defect in the right eye. Silicone oil was identified in left optic nerve and left half of optic chiasm. Intrachiasmatic and intraneural silicone oil was removed by left pterional craniotomy. Result: Prompt visual field recovery in the right eye after the neurosurgical intervention was noted. Conclusion: Intracranial migration of silicone oil is rare, with only a handful of cases reported in the literature. Intrachiasmal and intraneural silicone oil is associated with loss of nerve fibers and resultant vision and visual field loss. Prompt neurosurgical intervention results in the improvement of visual field defects. So early identification and neurosurgical intervention is warranted. Vitreoretinal surgeons should be aware of transneural migration of silicone oil, and a high degree of suspicion is warranted when patient develops visual symptoms in the fellow eye, particularly in cases with glaucomatous optic neuropathy and secondary elevated intraocular pressure or in any disc malformation.

Silicone oil migration along the optic nerve after intraocular tamponade

Abstract Clinical case We present a case of silicone oil migration trough the optic nerve in a diabetic patient with retinal detachment and review the etiologic mechanism and clinical implications. Discussion Intracranial silicone oil migration is an uncommon complication associated with silicone oil tamponade.

Migración de aceite de silicona a través del nervio óptico tras una vitrectomía por desprendimiento de retina

Clinical caseWe present a case of silicone oil migration trough the optic nerve in a diabetic patient with retinal detachment and review the etiologic mechanism and clinical implications. DiscussionIntracranial silicone oil migration is an uncommon complication associated with silicone oil tamponade.

Analysis of thin baked-on silicone layers by FTIR and 3D-Laser Scanning Microscopy

Pre-filled syringes (PFS) and auto-injection devices with cartridges are increasingly used for parenteral administration. To assure functionality, silicone oil is applied to the inner surface of the glass barrel. Silicone oil migration into the product can be minimized by applying a thin but sufficient layer of silicone oil emulsion followed by thermal bake-on versus spraying-on silicone oil. Silicone layers thicker than 100nm resulting from regular spray-on siliconization can be characterized using interferometric profilometers. However, the analysis of thin silicone layers generated by bake-on siliconization is more challenging. In this paper, we have evaluated Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy after solvent extraction and a new 3D-Laser Scanning Microscopy (3D-LSM) to overcome this challenge. A multi-step solvent extraction and subsequent FTIR spectroscopy enabled to quantify baked-on silicone levels as low as 21–325μg per 5mL cartridge. 3D-LSM was successfully established to visualize and measure baked-on silicone layers as thin as 10nm. 3D-LSM was additionally used to analyze the silicone oil distribution within cartridges at such low levels. Both methods provided new, highly valuable insights to characterize the siliconization after processing, in order to achieve functionality.

Intraventricular migration of silicone oil: A mimic of traumatic and neoplastic pathology

We describe an 80-year-old woman with intraventricular silicone oil mimicking traumatic pathology upon presentation to the emergency department after a ground-level fall. Intraventricular migration of silicone oil from prior intraocular endotamponade is rare having only been described in a handful of case reports. While it has a unique and characteristic appearance on imaging, intraventricular silicone oil can be confused with intraventricular hemorrhage or calcified ventricular neoplasms. Recognition and differentiation of intraventricular silicone oil from more sinister pathology is essential for the radiologist, neurologist and neurosurgeon and can be done with routine head CT scan. We discuss the imaging findings of intraventricular silicone oil and review the current understanding of this unusual phenomenon.

Intraventricular silicone oil mimicking a colloid cyst.

We report a case where intraventricular migration of silicone oil occurred into the third ventricle, mimicking the presence of a colloid cyst. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case reported where intraventricular silicone oil (SiO) presented at the foramen of Monro, resembling the radiological appearance of a colloid cyst. The systemic dissemination of silicone oil is a very rare complication of intravitreal SiO administration that is used for providing a mechanical tamponade that maintains the retinal attachment following repair of a retinal detachment. The imaging findings that are characteristic of the presence of intraventricular silicone oil are its usual dissemination in a nondependent location and the accompaniment of changes in its location based on changes in the patient's position.

Characterization of the initial level and migration of silicone oil lubricant in empty prefilled syringes for biologics using infrared spectroscopy.

Glass prefillable syringes are lubricated with silicone oil to ensure functionality and a consistent injection for the end user. If excessive silicone is applied, droplets could potentially result in aggregation of sensitive biopharmaceuticals or clouding of the solution. Therefore, monitoring and optimization of the applied silicone layer is critical for prefilled syringe development. The hydrophobic properties of silicone oil, the potential for assay interference, and the very small quantities applied to prefilled syringes present a challenge for the development of a suitable assay. In this work we present a rapid and simple Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy method for quantitation of total silicone levels applied to prefilled syringes. Level-dependent silicone oil migration occurred over time for empty prefilled syringes stored tip-up. However, migration from all prefilled syringes with between 0.25 and 0.8 mg of initial silicone oil resulted in a stable limiting minimum level of between 0.15 and 0.26 mg of silicone in the syringe reached after 1 to 4 years of empty tip-up storage. The results of the FTIR assay correlated well with non-destructive reflectometry characterization of the syringes. This assay can provide valuable data for selection of a robust initial silicone oil target and quality control of prefilled syringes intended for biopharmaceuticals.

Analysis of the time and location of the silicone oil emulsification by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography after silicone oil tamponade.

Purpose. To estimate localization and the period up to the appearance of small hyperreflective round-shaped droplets using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) after pars plana vitrectomy with silicone oil tamponade. Methods. A retrospective observational study included 24 patients who had undergone pars plana vitrectomy with silicone oil tamponade for proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) retinal detachment. SD-OCT analysis was performed 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery. We characterized the emulsified silicone oil in the SD-OCT as the small hyperreflective round-shaped droplets. Results. In SD-OCT examination, none of the patients had hyperreflective round-shaped droplets visible one month after vitrectomy with silicone oil tamponade. The hyperreflective droplets were found three months after surgery—in one patient above the optic nerve and in five patients intraretinally (in the cystoid spaces). Six months after vitrectomy, the hyperreflective round-shaped droplets were still present in the aforementioned patients' eyes and additionally in 3 eyes above the optic disc. Conclusions. Hyperreflective round-shaped droplets were found in a SD-OCT examination 3 months after silicone oil tamponade. The authors suggest that they are most likely the emulsified silicone oil droplets. The authors hypothesize that emulsification and migration of silicone oil begin within 3 months after surgery.