MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short (19 to 24 nucleotides), single-stranded, non-protein-coding RNAs that are powerful transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. Unlike small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), miRNAs are genomically encoded and play key roles in a range of normal cellular processes, including proliferation, apoptosis, and development.[1-4] Not surprisingly, miRNAs have also been implicated in a number of diseases, including cancer,[5-8] neurodegenerative disorders,[9-11] and diabetes,[12-14] and represent promising biomarker candidates for informative diagnostics. Despite their increasingly well-understood importance in gene regulation, the development of sensitive analytical techniques for the quantitation of multiple miRNAs has lagged behind. Furthermore, current methodologies for miRNA expression analysis are not applicable to a clinical setting where sample sizes are limited and assay cost and time-to-result is of tremendous importance.