Silica Nanospheres Research Articles

Pd/N-doped carbon dots@dendritic mesoporous silica nanospheres: A highly efficient catalyst for the hydrogenation of 4-nitrophenol

Pd/N-doped carbon dots@dendritic mesoporous silica nanospheres: A highly efficient catalyst for the hydrogenation of 4-nitrophenol

Sub-femtomolar vertical graphene field effect immunosensor for detection of lung tumor markers

Lung cancer is the main cancer that endangers human life worldwide, with the highest mortality rate. The detection of lung tumor markers is of great significance for the early diagnosis and subsequent treatment of lung cancer. In this study, a vertical graphene field effect transistor (VGFET) immunosensor based on graphene/C60 heterojunction was created to offer quantitative detections for the lung tumor markers carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cytokeratin 19 fragment (Cyfra21-1), and neuron-specific enolase (NSE). The experimental results showed that the sensitive range for standard antigen is between 1 pg/ml to 100 ng/ml, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 5.6 amol/ml for CEA, 33.3 amol/ml for Cyfra 21–1 and 12.8 amol/ml for NSE (1 pg/ml for all). The detection accuracy for these tumor markers was compared with the clinically used method for clinical patients on serum samples. Results are highly consistent with clinically used immunoassay in its efficient diagnosis concentration range. Subsequently, the mesoporous silica nanospheres (MSNs) with an average size of 90 nm were surface modified with glutaraldehyde, and a second antibody was assembled on MSNs, which fixes nanospheres on the antigen and amplified the field effect. The LODs for three markers are 100 fg/ml (0.56 amol/ml for CEA) under optimal circumstances of detection. This result indicates that specific binding to MSNs enhances local field effects and can achieve higher sensing efficiency for tumor marker detection at extremely low concentrations, providing effective assistance for the early diagnosis of lung cancer.

A Comprehensive Review of Advances in Nanoparticle-Based Cancer Therapy

A promising method for treating different kinds of cancer is cancer therapy based on nanoparticles. The goal of this thorough analysis is to present a summary of the most current developments in cancer treatment using nanoparticles and discuss the different kinds of nanoparticles and how they might be used to enhance therapeutic efficacy and deliver anticancer medications. These include mesoporous dendritic silica nanospheres, gold nanoparticles, and chitosan nanoparticles. The review stresses the significance of stability and dynamic interfaces in attaining effective drug administration and addresses the difficulties related to medication release and degradation in nanoparticle-based therapy. Moreover, it investigates the immune reactions, such as dendritic cell maturation and immune response activation, that are brought on by nanoparticle-based therapy. Overall, this thorough analysis highlights the promise of these cutting-edge strategies for enhancing the effectiveness of cancer treatment and offers insightful information about the developments in nanoparticle-based cancer therapy. The information provided in this study contributes to the growing corpus of information in the field of nanomedicine and suggests future avenues for investigation and development of treatments utilizing nanoparticles to treat cancer

Visual detection and tracking of toxic mercury in biological cells using biocompatible mesoporous silica nanospheres

A novel, cost-effective, eco-friendly, and straightforward approach is urgently required to assess the distribution, localization, and concentration of toxins in biological cells, as their accumulation poses significant health risks. Herein, we report innovative fabrication of biocompatible silica nanospheres for real-time tracking, visualization, quantification, and clinical diagnosis of Hg(II) poisoning in cells, employing ultra-sensitive and ultra-selective assays. The creation of a biocompatible yolk-like nanosphere with a highly accessible hollow interior cavity resulted in a distinctive porous structure, providing ultra-precise recognition of Hg(II) at trace levels. The low limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) for fluorometric monitoring of Hg(II) ions were determined as 0.11 ppb and 0.33 ppb respectively. Simple, portable, and batch analyses were employed for the rapid and continuous visualization, quantification, and inhibition of ultra-trace Hg(II) concentrations (up to ppb) in HeLa cells, aiming to assess the suitability of the innovative nano- tracker hybrid. The results showed exceptional biocompatibility of the nano-tracker hybrid. The straightforward penetration and binding pathways of the nanospheres through the cell membrane were examined. Moreover, outstanding emission enhancement was observed in the intracellular area under biological conditions. The adorned nanotrackers could serve as valuable tools for visualizing and monitoring Hg(II) poisoning during in vitro assays for clinical diagnosis in HeLa cells.

Silica nanospheres-encapsulated polymer ligands-bound Pd nanoparticles as highly efficient and selective catalysts for semi-hydrogenations of alkynes

In this work, we report that poly (acrylic acid) (PAA) and poly (ethylenimine) (PEI) capped Pd nanoparticles (NPs) encaged in hollow silica nanospheres (PAA/PEI-Pd@HSNs) function as highly efficient and selective catalysts for hydrogenations of a series of alkynes. We used the coordination of Pd4+ ions with PEI and PAA to build the micelles system in an ethanol-water system, which was employed as the templates for silica deposition and following NaBH4 reduction to give PAA/PEI-Pd@HSNs. The materials feature polymer-coordinated small Pd NPs inside silica nanospheres with thin shells and large cavities. The PAA/PEI-Pd@HSNs exhibit extremely high catalytic efficiency and reusability with enhanced alkene selectivity of ∼90 % at near complete conversions for hydrogenation of a series of alkynes, and maintain high selectivity even with a significantly extended reaction time. The enhanced catalytic performance of PAA/PEI-Pd@HSNs is ascribed to their thin silica shells/large cavities to improve the catalytic activity, PEI/PAA ligands that inhibit the deep hydrogenation of alkenes to alkanes on Pd NPs, and the protection of silica shells for inner ligands and Pd NPs to improve the reusability.

Exploring nitrogen doped mesoporous carbon spheres for superior microwave absorption

Mesoporous carbon materials hold significant promise for usage in microwave absorption due to their wide and unique advantages stemming from their mesoporous structure. This study synthesizes N-doped mesoporous carbon spheres (NMCs) by carbonizing mesoporous silica nanospheres (MSN). By controlling the annealing temperature, the resulting NMCs exhibit a significant increase in pore size. The exceptional microwave absorption capability of multifunctional carbon with a mesoporous structure result from its appropriate composition. The minimum reflection loss (RL) can reach −58.04 dB with a thickness of 3.3 mm, and the corresponding effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) reaches up to 8.19 GHz, outperforming the many previously documented microwave absorbing materials. The material's practical application potential was evaluated using computer simulation technology (CST), resulting in a simulated RCS value of 32.88 dBm2.The microwave absorption process of this material has been extensively studied and thoroughly described. Our study offers valuable guidance for developing and producing efficient microwave absorbers doped with nitrogen and possessing a unique mesoporous structure.

Enhancement of Light Efficiency of Deep-Ultraviolet Light-Emitting Diodes by Encapsulation with a 3D Photonic Crystal Reflecting Layer.

Recently, UVC LEDs, which emit deep ultraviolet light, have found extensive applications across various fields. This study demonstrates the design and implementation of thin films of three-dimensional photonic crystals (3D PhCs) as reflectors to enhance the light output power (LOP) of UVC LEDs. The 3D PhC reflectors were prepared using the self-assembly of silica nanospheres on a UVC LED lead frame substrate via the evaporation-induced method (side) and the gravitational sedimentation method (bottom), respectively. These PhCs with the (111) crystallographic plane were deposited on the side wall and bottom of the UVC LED lead frame, acting as functional materials to reflect UVC light. The LOP of UVC LEDs with 3D PhC reflectors at a driving current of 100 mA reached 19.6 mW. This represented a 30% enhancement compared to commercial UVC LEDs with Au-plated reflectors, due to the UVC light reflection by the photonic band gaps of 3D PhCs in the (111) crystallographic plane. Furthermore, after aging tests at 60 °C and 60% relative humidity for 1000 h, the relative LOP of UVC LEDs with 3D PhC reflectors decreased by 7%, which is better than that of commercial UVC LEDs. Thus, this study offers potential methods for enhancing the light output efficiency of commercial UVC light-emitting devices.

Electrochemiluminescent (ECL) Aptasensor for Lysozyme Using a Graphene Quantum Dot (GQD)-Ruthenium Bipyridine-Silica Nanocomposite

An electrochemiluminescent (ECL) aptasensor for lysozyme (Lyz) based on a graphene quantum dot (GQD)-ruthenium bipyridine (Ru(bpy)3 2+)-silica (GQDs-Ru(bpy)3 2+@SiO2) nanocomposite were prepared by encapsulating GQDs and the luminophore Ru(bpy)3 2+ in silica nanospheres (SiO2). The nanocomposite GQDs-Ru(bpy)3 2+@SiO2 with uniform size exhibited a strong and reproducible ECL response. The nanoprobe (DNA-GQDs-Ru(bpy)3 2+@SiO2) was obtained via amidation between GQDs-Ru(bpy)3 2+@SiO2 and the complementary DNA sequence. The ECL platform was constructed by hybridization between the aptamer and the complementary strand DNA. The specific recognition between aptamer and the target lysozyme maintained the nanoprobe DNA-GQDs-Ru(bpy)3 2+@SiO2 away from the electrode, which led to the decreasing ECL response. The aptasensor exhibited a linear relationship from 0.1 to 100 pg/mL with a detection limit of 1.7 × 10−11 mg/mL. This study provided a simple and sensitive analytical approach for lysozyme.

One‐Step Synthesis of Thiol‐Functional Mesoporous Silica Nanospheres and Selective Removal of Cationic Dyes

AbstractThe surface characteristics of nanoparticles have a huge impact on adsorption effects. In this paper, thiol‐functional mesoporous silica nanospheres (MSNs−SH) are successfully prepared through simple one‐step hydrolysis and co‐condensation of tetraethyl orthosilicate and (3‐mercaptopropyl) triethoxysilane with hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide and sulfobetaine 12 as dual‐template. The obtained MSNs−SH have high surface area (1260 m2 g−1), accessible mesopores (2.2 nm), great pore volume (1.7 cm3 g−1), and uniform adjustable diameter (90 nm). Furthermore, the diameter and pore‐size of MSNs−SH can be controlled via adjusting the ethanol content in the synthesis system. MSNs−SH exhibit a fast adsorption kinetics, marked adsorption capacity of cationic rhodamine B (RB 534.2 mg g−1), and remarkable selective adsorption for cationic dyes. Theoretical analysis reveals the adsorption behavior of RB on MSNs−SH follows the Langmuir isotherm models and pseudo‐second‐order kinetic. Additionally, the thermodynamic results indicate that the adsorption process is a spontaneous process driven by temperature. The results demonstrate that MSNs−SH are greatly potential for effectively removing cationic dyes from wastewater, with the advantages of simple preparation, high adsorption performance and perfect selectivity.

Chemoenzymatic cascade conversion of methyl parathion to 4-aminophenol with immobilized organophosphate hydrolase onto Cu-MOF-loaded mesoporous silica

Organophosphates (OPs), essential pesticide ingredients, are highly toxic and environmentally problematic. OPs can be efficiently hydrolyzed by the enzyme organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH). However, the resulting p-nitrophenol (4-NP) is still toxic, and its chemical reduction to p-aminophenol (4-AP) can be environmentally friendly and increase economic value. We constructed a chemical-enzymatic cascade catalyst system for methyl parathion (MP) using OPH and a copper-based metal-organic framework (HKUST-1) with 4-NP reduction catalytic activity. The nano-HKUST-1 was first loaded into aminated mesoporous silica nanospheres (MSN-NH2) to construct HKUST-1@MSN-NH2, and then OPH was immobilized into the HKUST-1@MSN-NH2 pores by a covalent method to obtain OPH@HKUST-1@MSN-NH2. The resulting composite catalyst, OPH@HKUST-1@MSN-NH2, achieved chemoenzymatic cascade catalysis of MP hydrolysis to 4-NP and subsequent reduction to 4-AP. The composite nano-biocatalyst has good catalytic performance and reusability, which can rapidly convert entirely 50 μM MP to 4-AP in 8 min at a dosage of 30 mM NaBH4. Still, it has 77% activity after 10 cycles and a stable material structure. The present study provides a strategy for constructing a chemoenzymatic cascade catalytic system, and the obtained composite nano catalysts achieve the continuous degradation and resourceful conversion of organophosphorus pollutants, which has specific practical application value.

Tuning quantum dots emission on DNA tetrahedron/silica nanosphere/graphene oxide nanointerface for ratiometric fluorescence assay of Pb2+ in multiplex samples

BackgroundAssembling framework nucleic acid (FNA) nanoarchitectures and tuning luminescent quantum dots (QDs) for fluorescence assays represent a versatile strategy in analytical territory. Rationally, FNA constructs could offer a preferential orientation to efficiently recognize the target and improve detection sensitivity, meanwhile, regulating size-dependent multicolor emissions of QDs in one analytical setting for ratiometric fluorescence assay would greatly simplify operation procedures. Nonetheless, such FNA/QDs-based ratiometric fluorescence nanoprobes remain rarely explored. ResultsWe designed a sensitive and signal amplification-free fluorescence aptasensor for lead ions (Pb2+) that potentially cause extensive contamination to environment, cosmetic, food and pharmaceuticals. Red and green emission CdTe quantum dots (rQDs and gQDs) were facilely prepared. Moreover, silica nanosphere encapsulating rQDs served as quantitative internal reference and scaffold to anchor a predesigned FNA and DNA sandwich containing Pb2+ binding aptamer and gQD modified DNA signal reporter. On binding of Pb2+, the gQD-DNA signal reporter was set free, resulting in fluorescence quenching at graphene oxide (GO) interface. Owing to the rigid structure of FNA, the fluorescence signal reporter orderly arranged at the silica nanosphere could sensitively respond to Pb2+ stimulation. The dose-dependent fluorescence signal-off mode enabled ratiometric analysis of Pb2+ without cumbersome signal amplification. Linear relationship was established between fluorescence intensity ratio (I555/I720) and Pb2+ concentration from 10 nM to 2 μM, with detection limit of 1.7 nM (0.43 ppb), well addressing the need for Pb2+ routine monitoring. The designed nanoprobe was applied to detection of Pb2+ in soil, cosmetic, milk, drug, and serum samples, with the sensitivity comparable to conventional ICP-MS technique. SignificanceGiven the programmable design of FNA and efficient recognition of target, flexible tuning of QDs emission, and signal amplification-free strategy, the present fluorescence nanoprobe could be a technical criterion for other heavy metal ions detection in a straightforward manner.

An intra-stimuli resonance energy transfer-based electrochemiluminescence biosensor for DNA methylation detection

Aberrant DNA methylation, as one of the promising biomarkers, is intimately connected to a variety of genetic and tumor diseases. Herein, we constructed an innovative intra-stimuli electrochemiluminescence resonance energy transfer (ECL-RET) biosensor for methylated DNA detection with high sensitivity and accuracy. Glucose oxidase (GOD) was modified at the terminal of assist DNA as functional conjugation (assist DNA-GOD), which then hybridized with methylated target DNA and hairpin DNA to form Y-shaped DNA ternary conjugate. Ru(bpy)32+ encapsulated silica nanospheres (RuSiO2 NPs) were uniformly coated with silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) and the formed RuSiO2@Ag nanocomposites were introduced to the terminal of hairpin DNA via amide bond. The combination of the ECL donor (RuSiO2 NPs) and acceptor (Ag NPs) on one nanostructure yielded an intra-molecular ECL-RET. Afterward, the presence of H2O2 as the product of GOD catalyzing glucose induced the etching of Ag NPs and subsequent recovery of ECL signal from RuSiO2 NPs. Thus, due to the dependence of the ECL enhancement on the target concentration, this method achieved the quantitative analysis of methylated target DNA with good selectivity, repeatability, and practical utility.

Effect of silica nanospheres silanized by functional silanes on the physicochemical and mechanical properties of Bis-GMA/TEGDMA dental composite resin by photocuring synthesis

This investigation focused on the contribution of various silane blends, used as coupling agents, to the ultimate performance of dental nanocomposite dimethacrylate photocurable resins. Initially, the surface of silica nanospheres was silanized with three different silane coupling agents: γ-MPS, APTES, and OTMS, with the grafting rate serving as the index. Fourier Transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) verified the modification of nanosilica. Through orthogonal test experiments on the three silane coupling agents, the optimal modifier concentration, temperature, and time were determined. Subsequently, 15 wt% organomodified SiO2 nanospheres were incorporated into Bis-GMA/TEGDMA (70/30 by wt%) based resins via a photocuring process. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) findings revealed a relatively vague interface between inorganic fillers and resins in the polymer composite, especially when reactive silanes like γ-MPS and their corresponding blends were used. The combination of SiO2 and γ-MPS functional silane blend provided the highest flexural properties and the lowest solubility after storing the nanocomposite in water for 1 week at 37 °C. With these methods, composite resins containing 15 wt% MPS-SiO2 nanospheres in a Bis-GMA/TEGDMA (70/30 by wt%) mixture exhibited the best comprehensive properties, making them a promising choice for achieving long-term durable restorations in clinical therapies.

Generalized Synthesis of Highly-Dispersed, Ultrafine Transition Metal Nanoparticles on Silica Spheres for Enhanced Optical Absorption.

Robust synthesis of ultrafine metal nanoparticles (ufMNPs) below 5nm with clean surfaces and strong optical absorption in the visible spectral range is challenging due to their instability originating from large surface-to-volume ratios. This work reports a general strategy involving two sequential steps: i) loading metal precursor ions onto the surface of silica nanospheres (SiOx NSs) by forming a uniform coating of metal oxyhydroxide [MOy(OH)z] through preferred surface acid-base reactions and ii) thermally reducing MOy(OH)z in forming gas at elevated temperatures to form ufMNPs evenly dispersed on the surface of SiOx NSs. The capability of this synthesis strategy is verified by loading ufMNPs of various transition metals and bimetallic combinations onto the SiOx NSs. The ufMNPs exhibit strong optical absorption enhanced by the optical scattering resonances in the SiOx NSs, which generate intense electric fields near the surface of the SiOx NSs. The SiOx NSs also support stabilizing the ufMNPs, which do not need additional organic capping reagents. The successful synthesis of SiOx-NS-supported ufMNPs with clean surfaces and enhanced optical absorption is promising for exploring the photocatalytic properties of ufMNPs.

Rational design of silica nanoreactor encapsulated Ni for reinforcing coke-resistance in dry reforming of methane

Dry reforming of methane (DRM) provides a desired approach to produce valuable syngas in tackling greenhouse gases. Yet it faces a formidable challenge in the design and synthesis of high coke-resistant Ni-based catalysts. Herein, we report a nanoreactor strategy to construct a supported Ni catalyst (Ni@SiO2@SiO2) for reinforcing coke-resistance during DRM, by effectively encapsulating small Ni nanoparticles into dendritic fibrous silica (SiO2) nanospheres and coating SiO2 shell layers. Taking advantage of chemical characteristics of citric acid (CA), CA-chelated Ni impregnation enables the uniform immobilization of Ni species into the radial SiO2 framework, then following carbonization produces protective carbon layers on the Ni nanoparticle surface during SiO2 coating, which can be removed via oxidizing calcination. The resultant pomegranate-like nanoreactor catalyst possesses outstanding coke-resistance, without any detectable coke deposition after 200 h of DRM reaction at 700 ℃, benefiting from effectively restricting metal sintering and fully preventing formation of inert carbon species.

Detection of Maize Mold Based on a Nanocomposite Colorimetric Sensor Array under Different Substrates.

This study developed a novel nanocomposite colorimetric sensor array (CSA) to distinguish between fresh and moldy maize. First, the headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC/MS) method was used to analyze volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in fresh and moldy maize samples. Then, principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to identify 2-methylbutyric acid and undecane as key VOCs associated with moldy maize. Furthermore, colorimetric sensitive dyes modified with different nanoparticles were employed to enhance the dye properties used in the nanocomposite CSA analysis of key VOCs. This study focused on synthesizing four types of nanoparticles: polystyrene acrylic (PSA), porous silica nanospheres (PSNs), zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8), and ZIF-8 after etching. Additionally, three types of substrates, qualitative filter paper, polyvinylidene fluoride film, and thin-layer chromatography silica gel, were comparatively used to fabricate nanocomposite CSA combining with linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and K-nearest neighbor (KNN) models for real sample detection. All moldy maize samples were correctly identified and prepared to characterize the properties of the CSA. Through initial testing and nanoenhancement of the chosen dyes, four nanocomposite colorimetric sensitive dyes were confirmed. The accuracy rates for LDA and KNN models in this study reached 100%. This work shows great potential for grain quality control using CSA methods.

Insights into support effects of Ag/SiO2 catalysts for dimethyl glycolate semi-hydrogenation to methyl glycolate

Support materials play vital roles in heterogenous catalysis via the so-called support effects, and understanding on the support effects is beneficial for the design of high-performance catalysts. Herein, we represent detailed investigations on the support effects of Ag catalysts for dimethyl glycolate (DMO) semi-hydrogenation to methyl glycolate (MG), where G6 silica with amorphous mesopores, SBA-15 with parallel mesopores and silica nanospheres (MSNS) with center-radial ones were employed as the supports. The hydrogenation activity decreases in the order of Ag/MSNS > Ag/SBA-15 > Ag/G6 while the MG selectivity in the order of Ag/G6 > Ag/MSNS > Ag/SBA-15 at the same reaction conditions, indicating remarkable support effects on both activity and selectivity. Structural characterizations, temperature programmed experiments and in-situ FTIR of DMO adsorption experiments demonstrate that the weak confinement effect of G6 leads to the larger sized Ag nanoparticles and weakened activation of DMO and H2, which contributes to low hydrogenation activity. In contrast, the ordered mesoporous SBA-15 and MSNS deliver well confinement effects for Ag nanoparticles and the activation of DMO and H2, but the distinct pore structures result in different activation and diffusion behaviors. Finally, DMO conversion and MG yield are well correlated with the competitive adsorption of H2 versus DMO on Ag catalysts, indicating such competitivity as a descriptor for DMO semi-hydrogenation over Ag catalysts.

Controllable Synthesis of Hollow Silica Nanospheres

Nano hollow SiO2 refers to a unique form of nanoscale silica material that has an inner cavity structure. This hollow configuration offers several advantages over solid structures, including a larger specific surface area, lower density, and improved permeability. Additionally, hollow silica is chemically inert and thermally stable, making it an excellent candidate for drug delivery applications. Silica's transparency to both light and magnetism ensures that it does not absorb light or disrupt magnetic fields, preserving the inherent optical or magnetic properties of certain composites. In addition, its porosity, biocompatibility, and mechanical stability are adjustable and controllable, making it an ideal and cost-effective material for both industrial and biological uses. This study synthesised a range of hollow spherical silica samples via the sol-gel process. The aim was to investigate the impact of different factors on their sphericity and wall thickness.

Sol-gel synthesis, physicochemical characteristics and in vitro pH-responsive metformin drug release of uniformly polydopamine coated mesoporous silica nanospheres

A recent attention has been paid to the repurposing potential of metformin drug for cancer chemotherapy. Herein, pH-responsive metformin drug delivery nanocarriers were achieved using sol-gel synthesized mesoporous silica nanospheres (MSN) uniformly coated with polydopamine (PDA) shell. The PDA coating shell around the MSN surface was in situ formed through oxidative self-polymerization of dopamine monomers in an alkaline solution at room temperature. The microstructure, structural and textural characteristics of PDA@MSN were examined and compared to uncoated MSN. Furthermore, PDA coated metformin (MET) drug-loaded MSN were used to study the pH-responsive MET drug release behaviour under neutral and acidic conditions. The in vitro release test showed that the PDA coating shell not only protects MET drug leakage under normal physiological conditions (pH 7.4) but also allows for its controlled/sustained release in acidic conditions (pH 4.5 and pH 5.5) which closely mimic the intracellular acidity (pH 4.5–5.5) of endosomes/lysosomes formed around drug-loaded nanocarriers after their endocytosis by cancer cells.

Mesoporous collapsing encapsulated carbon dots: Direct evidence for the effect of multiple-confined interactions of silica on efficient long-lived phosphorescence

Coupling with a matrix is the common strategy to improve the phosphorescence performance of carbon dots (CDs). However, there is a lack of clear and direct evidence about the formation mechanism of the inner relationship between CDs and matrix, and the specific effect of matrix on the phosphorescence performance. Mesoporous silica nanospheres (MSNs) were used as the research model to provide the direct evidence of the dense structure formation process and to construct a quantum chemical theoretical computational model of the effect of dense matrix on phosphorescence performance. Due to the multiple domain-limiting effects of rigid Si-C covalent bonds and SiO2 dense structure, the calcined-carbonized polymer dots-mesoporous silica nanospheres (C-CPDs-MSNs) can exhibit thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) by tuning the HOMO-LUMO gap and enriching the electrons in the surface region. With a long lifetime of 3.07 s, the composite can also maintain stable phosphorescence performance under harsh conditions and has been successfully applied in multilevel information encryption, fingerprint identification, and cellular imaging. This work provides the direct evidence for the process of dense SiO2 structure enhancing the phosphorescence performance of CDs and offers a general strategy and method for the design and preparation of efficient and practical CDs-based phosphorescent materials.