Chlamydia trachomatis was isolated from 35% of urethral swabs taken from 100 men with non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU). Eleven out of 53 female contacts of NGU (20.7%) were alsoC. trachomatis positive. In 21 female contacts ofC. trachomatis positive men, 9 (42.9%) wereC. trachomatis positive. All patients becameC. trachomatis negative folowing oxytetracycline therapy but 50% ofC. trachomatis positive and 47.6% ofC. trachomatis negative men required further treatment for symptoms and signs of urethritis.