Significant Association Research Articles

Prevalence and antimicrobial-resistant patterns of Pseudomonas aeruginosa among burn patients attending Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Burns are one of the most common forms of trauma globally. P. aeruginosa plays a prominent role as an etiological agent among burn patients. There is a paucity of information about the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance patterns of P. aeruginosa among burn patients in Ethiopia. Hence, this study was designed to assess the prevalence and antimicrobial-resistant patterns of P. aeruginosa among burn patients attending Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College among burn patients from November 2020 to April 2021. Identification of P. aeruginosa was performed using Culture, Biochemical tests, and, Gram staining. Antimicrobial resistance testing was done using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Logistic regression was computed to determine associated factors. From 210 burn wound cultures, 27 (12.86%) were found positive for P. aeruginosa. All the isolates showed greater than 70% susceptibility to the tested antibiotics except Gentamycin, Ceftazidime, and, Ciprofloxacin. In addition, 33.33% of P. aeruginosa isolates were multidrug-resistant. Admission type, Hospital stay time and Total body surface area (TBSA) had a statistically significant association (all with P-value <0.05) with the acquisition of P. aeruginosa infection. Overall, the prevalence of P. aeruginosa isolates among burn patients is almost 13%. Most P. aeruginosa isolates were sensitive to Imipenem, while they were most resistant to Gentamycin. One-third of P. aeruginosa were multidrug-resistant. This suggests the need to monitor the treatment of infection with the pathogen to limit the possibility of the emergence of multidrug-resistant isolates in burn centers.

Impact of Parental Unemployment on their Adolescence Children

Introduction: Unemployment means a situation where a person searches for employment but is unable to find work. It is key measure that has impact on economy [1]. Methodology: Convenience Sampling Method was used to collect data from respondents. The sample size was 30. Sampling Tool: Self-Administered questionnaire was given to 30 respondents from government school (Class 10 and 11) Results: Near to half of respondents were of age 16. More than half of respondents i.e. 53.3% were male. Majority of respondent’s father were literate i.e. 86.7%. Two third of respondent’s father i.e. 66.66% were involved in other occupation like private sector where as majority of respondent’s mother i.e. 86.66% were housewife. Forty Percentages of respondents talks to parents about impact of low socioeconomic status on their life with their parents daily whereas 33.3 % of respondent’s didn’t talk to them about the problem. Majority of respondents i.e. 86.66% had no impact on their grade due to their low socio-economic status. More than three fourth of respondents i.e. 73.3% had no impact on social life and 66.7% of respondents have impact on diet and nutrition due to poor socioeconomic status. There was no statistically significant association between parental unemployment and its impact on their adolescence children. Conclusion: More than three fourth of respondents i.e. 73.3% had no impact on social life and 66.7% of respondents have impact on diet and nutrition due to poor socioeconomic status. There was no statistically significant association between parental unemployment and its impact on their adolescence children.

Canadian Anatomic Kidney Score: Quantitative Macroscopic Assessment of Donor Kidney Quality for Transplantation.

The Canadian Anatomic Kidney Score (CAKS) is a novel 6-point grading system that standardizes the gross description of a donor kidney across 3 components-vessels, anatomy, and sticky fat. We hypothesized that the CAKS predicts allograft functional outcomes and provides additional information to the Kidney Donor Profile Index (KDPI) and histologic assessment of the donor kidney. Single-center cohort of 145 patients who underwent renal transplantation with CAKS analysis between 2018 and 2021. CAKS was prospectively determined before transplantation. Preimplantation core biopsies were assessed according to the Remuzzi score (RS). The primary outcome was 1-y allograft function represented by an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Linear regression without adjustment for KDPI or RS showed a significant association between the CAKS and 1-y eGFR (-8.7 mL/min/1.73 m2 per point increase in CAKS; 95% CI, -13.0 to -4.4; P < 0.001). Most of that association was attributed to the vessel component (-12.1; -19.4 to -4.8; P = 0.002). Adjustment for KDPI and RS attenuated the relationship between 1-y function and CAKS (-4.6; -9.5 to 0.3; P = 0.065) and vessel component (-7.4; -15.2 to 0.5; P = 0.068). Anatomic assessment of donor kidneys at the time of transplantation associates with allograft function at 1 y. Vascular assessment appears to make the dominant contribution.

Superficial fascia displacement in cervical flexion: differentiating myofascial pain syndrome, a cross-sectional study.

Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is primarily characterized by myofascial trigger points related to fascial adhesions. MPS hinders fascial flexibility and mobility, leading to myofascial limitations, dysfunctional movement, and limitation of motion (LOM). This study determined the association of age, sex, type of work, symptom chronicity, symptom laterality, cervical LOM, altered direction of fascial displacement, and magnitude of superficial fascial displacement during active cervical flexion with the clinical diagnosis of MPS. A cross-sectional study selectively included MPS and non-MPS participants from different workplaces from January to October 2019. The MPS group exhibited clinical symptoms like tender spots, recognized pain patterns, and local twitch response upon palpation, often accompanied by cervical LOM. The non-MPS group lacked these symptoms, and those with certain pre-existing conditions or recent physiotherapy were not part of the study. Participants performed cervical active range of motion (AROM) while a sonographer recorded superficial fascial displacement utilizing ultrasound, which was later analyzed by three physiotherapists with the Tracker. Aiming for a multiple regression R-squared of 0.2, the target was 384 participants to account for a 20 % dropout, resulting in 307 participants after attrition. To explore the relationships between MPS and various factors, logistic regression models, rigorously tested for reliability and validity, were utilized. In the study, there were 192 participants with MPS and 137 without MPS. The median ages were 33 years for the non-MPS group and 38 years for the MPS group. The adjusted model found significant links for sex (odds ratio [OR]=2.63, p<0.01), symptom chronicity (OR=8.28, p<0.01), and cervical LOM (OR=3.77, p=0.01). However, age and the presence of nodules/taut bands were not statistically significant (p>0.05). Also, the type of work, the direction of fascial displacement, and the difference in superficial fascial displacement during cervical flexion did not show a significant association with the clinical diagnosis of MPS (p>0.05). The adjusted model had a sensitivity of 73.80 % and a specificity of 81.34 %, correctly identifying 84.66 % of positive cases and 68.99 % of negative ones, resulting in an overall accuracy of 76.95 % in predicting MPS. We provided an in-depth examination of MPS, identifying sex, duration of symptoms, and cervical LOM as significant predictive factors in its diagnosis. The study emphasizes the critical role of these variables in the accurate diagnosis of MPS, while delineating the comparatively minimal diagnostic value of other factors such as age, type of occupation, presence of nodules or taut bands, and variations in fascial displacement. This study underscores the imperative for further scholarly inquiry into the role of fascial involvement in musculoskeletal disorders, with the objective of enhancing both the theoretical understanding and diagnostic practices in this medical domain.

Association between CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genetic polymorphisms and efficacy and safety of warfarin in Chinese patients.

Genetic variation has been a major contributor to interindividual variability of warfarin dosage requirement. The specific genetic factors contributing to warfarin bleeding complications are largely unknown, particularly in Chinese patients. In this study, 896 Chinese patients were enrolled to explore the effect of CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genetic variations on both the efficacy and safety of warfarin therapy. Univariate analyses unveiled significant associations between two specific single nucleotide polymorphisms rs1057910 in CYP2C9 and rs9923231 in VKORC1 and stable warfarin dosage (P < 0.001). Further, employing multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for age, sex and height, the investigation revealed that patients harboring at least one variant allele in CYP2C9 exhibited a heightened risk of bleeding events compared to those with the wild-type genotype (odds ratio = 2.16, P = 0.04). Moreover, a meta-analysis conducted to consolidate findings confirmed the associations of both CYP2C9 (rs1057910) and VKORC1 (rs9923231) with stable warfarin dosage. Notably, CYP2C9 variant genotypes were significantly linked to an increased risk of hemorrhagic complications (P < 0.00001), VKORC1 did not demonstrate a similar association. The associations found between specific genetic variants and both stable warfarin dosage and bleeding risk might be the potential significance of gene detection in optimizing warfarin therapy for improving patient efficacy and safety.

Blood metabolites mediate the impact of lifestyle factors on the risk of urolithiasis: a multivariate, mediation Mendelian randomization study.

Urolithiasis is closely linked to lifestyle factors. However, the causal relationship and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the relationship between lifestyle factors and the onset of urolithiasis and explore potential blood metabolite mediators and their role in mediating this relationship. In this study, we selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as instrumental variables if they exhibited significant associations with our exposures in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) (p < 5.0 × 10-8). Summary data for urolithiasis came from the FinnGen database, including 8597 cases and 333,128 controls. We employed multiple MR analysis methods to assess causal links between genetically predicted lifestyle factors and urolithiasis, as well as the mediating role of blood metabolites. A series of sensitivity and pleiotropy analyses were also conducted. Our results show that cigarettes smoked per day (odds ratio [OR] = 1.159, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.004-1.338, p = 0.044) and alcohol intake frequency (OR = 1.286, 95% CI = 1.056-1.565, p = 0.012) were positively associated with increased risk of urolithiasis, while tea intake (OR = 0.473, 95% CI = 0.299-0.784, p = 0.001) was positively associated with reduced risk of urolithiasis. Mediation analysis identifies blood metabolites capable of mediating the causal relationship between cigarettes smoked per day, tea intake and urolithiasis. We have come to the conclusion that blood metabolites serve as potential causal mediators of urolithiasis, underscoring the importance of early lifestyle interventions and metabolite monitoring in the prevention of urolithiasis.

Point of care lung ultrasonographic findings in patients with clinical diagnosis of severe childhood community acquired pneumonia in the tropics

Objectives: This study aimed at defining the Lung ultrasonographic (LUS) features of severe Childhood community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in under-5s with clinical pneumonia, as well as the correlation between clinical and ultrasonographic findings. Materials and Methods: A prospective descriptive study conducted at the Children Emergency Ward of the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, Nigeria over a 1-year period. Children aged 1month to 59 months, with clinical features of severe pneumonia were recruited for the study. LUS was done at the bedside. Ethical approval was obtained for the study. Results: There were 86 children with mean age ± SD of 13.59 ± 15.55 and 50 (58.1%) males. The highest number of patients (56, 65.1%) were in the 1-12-month age group. Ultrasonographic signs of pneumonia were detected in 68 (79.1%) of the children; 55(64%) had consolidation, 29(23.3%) showed florid B-lines and 20 (23.3%) had pleural fluid. Duration of cough, and crackles on auscultation were the only features that showed significant association with the LUS diagnosis of pneumonia. Conclusion: LUS is a good point of care diagnosis of CAP in under-5 children and it can be safely done at the bedside. It is therefore recommended as a first line imaging modality in children with clinical suspicion of CAP in the Tropics.

Microtubule length correlates with spindle length in C. elegans meiosis.

The accurate segregation of chromosomes during female meiosis relies on the precise assembly and function of the meiotic spindle, a dynamic structure primarily composed of microtubules. Despite the crucial role of microtubule dynamics in this process, the relationship between microtubule length and spindle size remains elusive. Leveraging Caenorhabditis elegans as a model system, we combined electron tomography and live imaging to investigate this correlation. Our analysis revealed significant changes in spindle length throughout meiosis, coupled with alterations in microtubule length. Surprisingly, while spindle size decreases during the initial stages of anaphase, the size of antiparallel microtubule overlap decreased as well. Detailed electron tomography shows a positive correlation between microtubule length and spindle size, indicating a role of microtubule length in determining spindle dimensions. Notably, microtubule numbers displayed no significant association with spindle length, highlighting the dominance of microtubule length regulation in spindle size determination. Depletion of the microtubule depolymerase KLP-7 led to elongated metaphase spindles with increased microtubule length, supporting the link between microtubule length and spindle size. These findings underscore the pivotal role of regulating microtubule dynamics, and thus microtubule length, in governing spindle rearrangements during meiotic division, shedding light on fundamental mechanisms dictating spindle architecture.

Prognostic Performance of RECIP 1.0 Based on [18F]PSMA-1007 PET in Prostate Cancer Patients Treated with [177Lu]Lu-PSMA I&T.

In metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients treated with prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted radioligand therapy (RLT), the recently proposed criteria for evaluating response to PSMA PET (RECIP 1.0) based on 68Ga- and 18F-labeled PET agents provided prognostic information in addition to changes in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels. Our aim was to evaluate the prognostic performance of this framework for overall survival (OS) in patients undergoing RLT and imaged with [18F]PSMA-1007 PET/CT and compare the prognostic performance with the PSA-based response assessment. Methods: In total, 73 patients with mCRPC who were scanned with [18F]PSMA-1007 PET/CT before and after 2 cycles of RLT were retrospectively analyzed. We calculated the changes in serum PSA levels (ΔPSA) and quantitative PET parameters for the whole-body tumor burden (SUVmean, SUVmax, PSMA tumor volume, and total lesion PSMA). Men were also classified following the Prostate Cancer Working Group 3 (PCWG3) criteria for ΔPSA and RECIP 1.0 for PET imaging response. We performed univariable Cox regression analysis, followed by multivariable and Kaplan-Meier analyses. Results: Median OS was 15 mo with a median follow-up time of 14 mo. Univariable Cox regression analysis provided significant associations with OS for ΔPSA (per percentage, hazard ratio [HR], 1.004; 95% CI, 1.002-1.007; P < 0.001) and PSMA tumor volume (per unit, HR, 1.003; 95% CI, 1.000-1.005; P = 0.03). Multivariable Cox regression analysis confirmed ΔPSA (per percentage, HR, 1.004; 95% CI, 1.001-1.006; P = 0.006) as an independent prognosticator for OS. Kaplan-Meier analyses provided significant segregation between individuals with versus those without any PSA response (19 mo vs. 14 mo; HR, 2.00; 95% CI, 0.95-4.18; P = 0.04). Differentiation between patients with or without progressive disease (PD) was also feasible when applying PSA-based PCWG3 (19 mo vs. 9 mo for non-PD and PD, respectively; HR, 2.29; 95% CI, 1.03-5.09; P = 0.01) but slightly failed when applying RECIP 1.0 (P = 0.08). A combination of both response systems (PCWG3 and RECIP 1.0), however, yielded the best discrimination between individuals without versus those with PD (19 mo vs. 8 mo; HR, 2.78; 95% CI, 1.32-5.86; P = 0.002). Conclusion: In patients with mCRPC treated with RLT and imaged with [18F]PSMA-1007, frameworks integrating both the biochemical (PCWG3) and PET-based response (RECIP 1.0) may best assist in identifying subjects prone to disease progression.

Associations between adiposity measures and depression and well-being scores: A cross-sectional analysis of middle- to older-aged adults.

Obesity and mental health are significant global health concerns. Evidence has linked increased adiposity with depression and well-being; however, there is limited documented evidence in Ireland. Research also suggests lifestyle factors and disease conditions to be related to mental health. These may modulate relationships between adiposity and depression and well-being. This was a cross-sectional study of 1,821 men and women aged 46-73 years, randomly selected from a large primary care centre. Depression and well-being were assessed using the 20-item Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and the World Health Organization-Five (WHO-5) Well-Being Index. Linear regression analyses were performed to examine relationships between mental health scores (dependent variable) and adiposity (independent variable) defined using body mass index (BMI) and waist-height ratio while adjusting for demographic characteristics, lifestyle factors and disease conditions. BMI and waist-height ratio had a significant positive association with depression scores and a significant inverse association with well-being scores in males and females. These associations were maintained following adjustment for demographic variables and lifestyle factors. In final models where disease conditions were adjusted for, BMI (β = 0.743, p < .001) and waist-height ratio (β = 0.719, p < .001) associations with the CES-D score remained significant. In stratified analyses, relationships between measures of adiposity and depression were found to be stronger in females (BMI: β = 0.806, p = .007; waist-height ratio: β = 0.768, p = .01) than males (BMI: β = 0.573, p = .049; waist-height ratio: β = 0.593, p = .044) but no effect modification was identified. These findings suggest that increased adiposity is significantly associated with poorer mental health, independent of lifestyle factors and disease conditions. Targeted interventions for reducing depression should include better population-level weight management measures.

An Exploration of Associations Between Self-Care Practices and Clinical Self-Efficacy in Speech-Language Pathology Graduate Students

Purpose: Previous studies have suggested that many speech-language pathology graduate students experience significant levels of stress throughout their programs. If not effectively mitigated, these stressors could negatively impact students' academic and clinical development. Self-care practices are one potential option that could help address the stressors students encounter throughout their graduate programs. The purpose of this research was to explore potential associations between self-care practices and clinical self-efficacy in speech-language pathology graduate students. Method: This topic was explored using a nonexperimental research design that included descriptive and correlational analyses. A survey that included demographic questions, the Mindful Self-Care Scale–Standard, and a modified version of the Clinical Self-Efficacy Appraisal Inventory was completed by 68 students who were enrolled in a speech-language pathology graduate program. Results: Small positive and significant correlational associations were observed between Mindful Awareness and total Mindful Self-Care Scale–Standard scores and all measured aspects of clinical self-efficacy. The associations between Supportive Relationships and Supportive Structure subscale scores and some aspects of clinical self-efficacy also reached significance. No significant associations were observed between Mindful Relaxation, Physical Care, or Self-Compassion and Purpose subscale scores and any measured domain of clinical self-efficacy. Conclusion: While limitations exist due to the exploratory nature of this study, the results provide an initial examination of associations between self-care practices and clinical self-efficacy.

Social problem-solving in intimate partner violence victims: Exploring the relative contributions of shame and PTSD symptoms.

This study examined the contributions of shame and posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD) symptoms to two dimensions of social problem-solving. A sample of 426 women who were seeking mental health assistance following experiences of intimate partner violencecompleted self-report and clinician measures. Separate path analyses were conducted for problem orientation and problem-solving styles. In the model examining problem orientation, higher levels of shame were significantly associated with lower levels of positive problem orientation (f2 = 0.32) and higher levels of negative problem orientation (f2 = 0.92), with large effects noted. PTSD symptoms were significantly, positively associated with negative problem orientation (f2 = 0.3, large effect). When examining problem-solving styles, shame showed a significant negative association with rational style (f2 = 0.08, small effect) and significant positive associations with impulsive style (f2 = 0.45, large effect) and avoidant style (f2 = 0.48, large effect). PTSD symptoms did not return significant associations with any of the three problem-solving styles. Results indicate that shame holds notable associations with both dimensions of social problem-solving, relative to PTSD symptoms, and are discussed in light of current models of post-trauma functioning. Implications for clinical care and early intervention efforts are highlighted.

Relationship between serum phosphorus and mortality in non-dialysis chronic kidney disease patients: evidence from NHANES 2001–2018

BackgroundHyperphosphatemia is common in chronic kidney disease (CKD), associated with higher mortality in dialysis patients. Its impact in non-dialysis patients, especially those with preserved kidney function, remains uncertain.MethodsA prospective cohort study was conducted using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2001–2008). Serum phosphorus was analyzed as a continuous variable, or categorized into three groups: < 3.5 mg/dL, 3.5 to < 4.5 mg/dL, and ≥ 4.5 mg/dL. Cox proportional hazards models were used to analyze the association between phosphorus with all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality, with or without adjustment for age, sex, race, hemoglobin, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), serum albumin, serum calcium, 25(OH)D, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and CVD.ResultsA total of 7694 participants were included in the analysis, representing 28 million CKD patients in the United States. During mean 92 months of follow up, 2708 all-cause deaths (including 969 CVD deaths) were observed. Per 1 mg/dL increase in phosphorus was associated with a 13% and 24% increased risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 1.13; 95%CI, 1.02–1.24) and CVD mortality (HR, 1.24; 95%CI, 1.07–1.45), respectively. Compared with the < 3.5 mg/dL, phosphorus ≥ 4.5 mg/dL was associated with a 28% and 57% increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR, 1.28; 95%CI, 1.05–1.55) and CVD mortality (HR, 1.57; 95CI, 1.19–2.08), respectively. In participants with eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73m2, elevated phosphorus (≥ 4.5 mg/ dL) were significantly associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR, 1.36; 95%CI, 1.07–1.72). No significant association was observed in eGFR ≥ 60 ml/min/1.73m2 group (HR, 1.31; 95%CI, 0.86–1.99). This correlation does not differ significantly between subgroups defined by eGFR level (P for interaction = 0.889).ConclusionSerum phosphorus above 4.5 mg/dL is significantly associated with a 28% and 57% increased risk of all-cause and CVD death in non-dialysis CKD patients, respectively. This relationship still demonstrated in patients with eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73m2. However, for population with eGFR ≥ 60 ml/min/1.73m2, further verification is needed.

Association between body stature with ocular biometrics and refraction among Chinese preschoolers

PurposeTo evaluate the association of body stature with ocular biometrics and refraction in preschool children.MethodsA cross-sectional, school-based study was conducted in Shenzhen, China. Preschool children aged 3 to 6 from 10 randomly-selected kindergartens were recruited. Ocular biometric parameters, including axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth (ACD), vitreous chamber depth (VCD), corneal radius curvature (CR), axial length to corneal radius ratio (AL-to-CR ratio) and lens thickness (LT) were measured using non-contact partial-coherence laser interferometry. Cycloplegic refractions were obtained by a desktop autorefractor. Body height and weight were measured using standard procedures. The association between body stature and ocular biometrics were analyzed with univariable and multivariable regression model.ResultsA total of 373 preschoolers were included. AL, ACD, VCD, CR, and AL-to-CR ratio, were positively associated with height and weight (p < 0.05), whereas LT was negatively associated with height and weight (p < 0.01). No association was observed between stature and central cornea thickness and refraction. After adjusted for age and gender in a multivariable regression model, AL had positive associations with height (p < 0.01) and weight (p < 0.01). However, refraction had no significant association with stature parameters.ConclusionTaller and heavier preschoolers had eyes with longer AL, deeper vitreous chamber, and flatter cornea. The significant associations between body stature and ocular biometric parameters reveal the driving influence of body development on the growth of eyeballs in preschoolers.

Genetically determined telomere length as a risk factor for hematological malignancies: evidence from Mendelian randomization analysis.

Over the past years, the exact correlation between telomere length and hematological malignancies was still not fully understood. We performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization study to investigate the causal relationship between telomere length and hematological malignancies. We selected genetic instruments associated with telomere length. The genetic associations for lymphoid and hematopoietic malignant neoplasms were obtained from the most recent publicly accessible FinnGen study R9 data. Inverse variant weighted (IVW) analysis was adopted as the primary method, and we also performed the weighted-median method and the MR-Egger, and MRPRESSO methods as sensitive analysis. Significant associations have been observed between telomere length and primary lymphoid (IVW: OR = 1.52, P = 2.11 × 10-6), Hodgkin lymphoma (IVW: OR = 1.64, P = 0.014), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (IVW: OR = 1.70, P = 0.002), B-cell lymphoma (IVW: OR = 1.57, P = 0.015), non-follicular lymphoma (IVW: OR = 1.58, P = 1.7 × 10-3), mantle cell lymphoma (IVW: OR = 3.13, P = 0.003), lymphoid leukemia (IVW: OR = 2.56, P = 5.92E-09), acute lymphocytic leukemia (IVW: OR = 2.65, P = 0.021) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (IVW: OR = 2.80, P = 8.21 × 10-6), along with multiple myeloma (IVW: OR = 1.85, P = 0.016). This MR study found a significant association between telomere length and a wide range of hematopoietic malignancies. But no substantial impact of lymphoma and hematopoietic malignancies on telomere length has been detected.

Relationships Between Perceived Stigma and Coping Strategies in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis

Background: Patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) often experience varying levels of social stigma, which can impact their health. Objectives: This study aimed to explore the relationship between perceived stigma and coping strategies among MS patients. Methods: Conducted from December 2019 to June 2020, this cross-sectional and correlational study involved 100 MS patients. Participants were recruited from a neurologic clinic in Qazvin, Iran, using convenience sampling. Data collection employed the Lazarus Coping Strategies Questionnaire and the Korean version of the Stigma Scale for Chronic Illness 8-item (SSCI-8). Patients completed these questionnaires at the clinic. Data analysis utilized Pearson’s and Spearman’s correlation coefficients. Results: The average age of participants was 35.93 ± 7.20 years. Mean scores for internal and external stigmas were 6.47 ± 2.03 and 8.73 ± 3.48, respectively. Problem-focused strategies were most commonly used by MS patients. Pearson correlations revealed a significant positive relationship between internal stigma and escape-avoidance (r = 0.391, P &lt; 0.000), seeking social support (r = 0.215, P = 0.031), confronting (r = 0.240, P = 0.016), and self-controlling strategies (r = 0.222, P = 0.026). Significant associations were also noted between external stigma and escape avoidance (r = 0.322, P = 0.001) and confronting strategies (r = 0.240, P = 0.016). Inverse correlations were found between educational level and internal stigma (r = -0.273, P = 0.006) and between MS duration and external stigma (r = -0.296, P = 0.003). Conclusions: Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients experiencing higher levels of stigma tended to use more negative coping strategies. Implementing programs to reduce stigma and promote effective coping strategies may enhance the physical and psychological well-being of these patients.

Revealing genes associated with cervical cancer in distinct immune cells: A comprehensive Mendelian randomization analysis.

Human papillomavirus can be contracted by sexually active women. However, only a small proportion of these infections persist and have the potential to progress into cervical cancers, indicating a significant involvement of the immune system in cervical cancer development. Despite this, our understanding of the precise contributions of genes from different immune cell types in cervical cancers remains limited. Therefore, the primary objective of our study was to investigate the potential causal relationships between specific immune cell genes and the development of cervical cancers. By accessing expression quantitative trait loci datasets of 14 distinct immune cell types and genome wide association study of cervical cancers, we employed the summary data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR) along with multi-single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based SMR to identify significant genes associated with cervical cancers. Colocalization analysis was further conducted to explore the shared genetic causality. A total of 10 genes across 11 immune cell types (26 significant gene-trait associations) were found to be associated with cervical cancers after false discovery rate correction. Notably, the ORMDL3, BRK1 and HMGN1 gene expression levels showed significant association with cervical cancer in specific immune cell types, respectively. These associations were supported by strong evidence of colocalization analyses. Our study has identified several genes in different immune cells that were associated with cervical cancer. However, further research is necessary to confirm these findings and provide more comprehensive insights into the association between these gene expressions and cervical cancer risk.

HUBUNGAN ANTARA KOHESIVITAS KELOMPOK DAN SIKAP PERAWAT PELAKSANA DENGAN PRODUKTIVITAS KERJA PERAWAT PELAKSANA DIRUANG RAWAT INAP RSUPN. DR. CIPTOMANGUNKUSUMO

Cooperation between the nursing team is a very important factor for achieving optimal quality of service. Teamwork in the hospital much influenced by the attitudes of nurses to perform nursing actions. The purposes of this study were to determine the relationship between group cohesiveness and the attitude of the nurse executive with labor productivity in RSUPN nurse executive Dr. Ciptomangunkusumo.&#x0D; The method of research is Deskriptive correlational, with cross sectionaldesign. The hypothesis of the study, relationship between group cohesiveness with the productivity of labor and the relationship between nurse executive position with the labor productivity of nurse executives.&#x0D; The results of bivariate statistical tests found that there were no relationship between group cohesiveness with the productivity of nurses working with a p-value executor 0.231, while attitudes have a significant association with work productivity perawata implementing the values of r = 0216, p-value 0.0007.&#x0D; Conclusion there was no significant relationship between group cohesiveness with the productivity of labor while a significant relationship between nurse executive with the work attitude of labor productivity in the inpatient nurses RSUPN. Cipto Mangunkusumo.

Factors Associated with Nursing Professionalism: Insights from Tertiary Care Center in India

BackgroundProfessionalism among nurses plays a critical role in ensuring patient safety and quality care and involves delivering competent, safe, and ethical care while also working with clients, families, communities, and healthcare teams.Aims and objectivesTo assess the level of nursing professionalism and the factors affecting professionalism among nurses working at a tertiary care center in India.MethodsA descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2022 to March 2023 using a total enumeration sampling technique. Following institutional ethics committee approval, standardized tools were administered consisting of Nursing Professionalism Scale and socio-demographic, personal, and organizational characteristics.ResultsA total of 270 nurses participated, with a response rate of 93.7%. The mean age of the participants was 27.33 ± 2.75 years, with the majority being female (82.6%) and belonged to the age group of 23–27 years (59.6%). More than half of the nurses exhibited high professionalism (53%), with the highest and lowest median scores for professional responsibility (29.0) and valuing human beings (13.0) respectively. Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that, compared with their counterparts, nurses with a graduate nursing qualification (AOR = 4.77, 95% CI = 1.16–19.68), up-to-date training (AOR = 4.13, 95% CI = 1.88–9.06), and adequate career opportunity (AOR = 33.91, 95% CI = 14.48–79.39) had significant associations with high nursing professionalism.Conclusion/Implications for practiceThe majority of the nurses had high professionalism, particularly in the domains of professional responsibility and management. Hospitals and healthcare institutions can use these findings to develop policies and prioritize opportunities for nurses to attend conferences and workshops to enhance their professional values, ultimately leading to improved patient care outcomes.Patient and public contributionNo patient or public contribution.

Causal role of immune cells in obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome: Mendelian randomization study

BACKGROUND Despite being one of the most prevalent sleep disorders, obstructive sleep apnea hypoventilation syndrome (OSAHS) has limited information on its immunologic foundation. The immunological underpinnings of certain major psychiatric diseases have been uncovered in recent years thanks to the extensive use of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and genotyping techniques using high-density genetic markers (e.g. , SNP or CNVs). But this tactic hasn't yet been applied to OSAHS. Using a Mendelian randomization analysis, we analyzed the causal link between immune cells and the illness in order to comprehend the immunological bases of OSAHS. AIM To investigate the immune cells' association with OSAHS via genetic methods, guiding future clinical research. METHODS A comprehensive two-sample mendelian randomization study was conducted to investigate the causal relationship between immune cell characteristics and OSAHS. Summary statistics for each immune cell feature were obtained from the GWAS catalog. Information on 731 immune cell properties, such as morphologic parameters, median fluorescence intensity, absolute cellular, and relative cellular, was compiled using publicly available genetic databases. The results' robustness, heterogeneity, and horizontal pleiotropy were confirmed using extensive sensitivity examination. RESULTS Following false discovery rate (FDR) correction, no statistically significant effect of OSAHS on immunophenotypes was observed. However, two lymphocyte subsets were found to have a significant association with the risk of OSAHS: Basophil %CD33dim HLA DR- CD66b- (OR = 1.03, 95%CI = 1.01-1.03, P &lt; 0.001); CD38 on IgD+ CD24- B cell (OR = 1.04, 95%CI = 1.02-1.04, P = 0.019). CONCLUSION This study shows a strong link between immune cells and OSAHS through a gene approach, thus offering direction for potential future medical research.