Significant Predictors Of Health Status Research Articles

Impact of Social Determinants of Health on Healthcare Disparities in Florida

Healthcare disparities disproportionately affect underserved and marginalized communities due to social determinants of health (SDoH), contributing to significant differences in health outcomes and life expectancy within different communities in Florida. This observational study aimed to understand the impact of SDoH, such as race/ethnicity, income level, and education attainment on healthcare access in Florida. Methods Self-reported data from the 2020 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System were pooled to evaluate disparities in healthcare access by race/ethnicity, income, and education level in Florida. Results Health status and healthcare access vary based on characteristics related to SDoH, including race/ethnicity, income level, and educational attainment. Health status and healthcare access increased with income and education attainment. There were no significant disparities in health status and healthcare access among racial and ethnic groups. Conclusion While race and ethnicity were not significant predictors of health status nor healthcare access, income level and education were positively correlated which may be related to policy including Florida's lack of Medicaid expansion or population characteristics such as health-seeking behaviors. Understanding the prevalence of healthcare disparities based on SDoH can inform and support the implementation of evidence-based strategies for improving the accessibility and affordability of culturally competent care for underserved populations.

Otago Exercise Program (OEP): A Golden Technique on Health Status and Risk of Falls among Older Adults with Chronic Diseases

Background: Fall is a worldwide health problem, leading cause of disability, resulted from declining physical functionamong elderly people. Otago exercise is a strength and balance program designed to prevent falls and enhance health status among the elderly. Aim: to appraise the effect Otago Exercise Program (OEP) on health status and risk of fall among older adults with chronic disease. Design: A quasi-experimental research design was utilized. Setting: The study was conducted at outpatient clinics at Aswan University Hospital. Sampling: A purposive sample of 48 elderly patients was recruited in this study. Tools of data collection: Three tools were used. Tool I: A structured interview questionnaire sheet includes two parts; part 1.sociodemographiccharacteristics e.g. age, sex, education level, part (2): clinical data includehistory of medical diseases, mobility, activities of daily living and falling. Tool II: The short from 12 health survey (SF-12) to measure health status. Tool III: Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT) to measure risk of fall. Results: There was a statistically significant difference in both health status and risk of fall total scores among studied subjects pre and post OEP.Concerning predictors of health status, it was found that, OEP, arthritis and medication number were statistically significant predictors of health status (s= 0.624, p= 0.028), (s= -2.935, p= 0.014) & (s= -4.453, p=. 0.005) respectively. Meanwhile, fall predictors were OEP (s=-1.067, p= 0.011), age(s=0.246, p= 0.042),medication number (s= 6.763, p= 0.005)and frequencies of fall in the past year (s= 2.585, p= 0.010). Conclusion: The study concluded that application of OEP is appropriate way of improving health status and decreasing of risk of falls among older adults with chronic disease. Recommendation: This study recommended implementing OEP as part of routine primary care service provided for older adults.

Health status and associated factors of HIV-infected patients in Kunming, China.

To assess health status of HIV-positive patients and to examine its predictors in Kunming, China. HIV-positive patients were recruited from a general hospital and an infection hospital in 2015. Health status of the patients was evaluated using standardized questions on eight health domains (mobility, self-care, pain and discomfort, cognition, interpersonal activities, vision, sleep and energy, and emotional distress) of the WHO World Health Survey. A multivariate linear regression model was employed to explore the predictors of health status. A total of 1,363 HIV patients were recruited. The mean (SD) health status score was 73.4 (18.2), with the prevalence of reporting problems ranging from 17.6% (self-care problems) to 86.3% (vision problems). CD4 count, occupation, household income, accessibility to healthcare services, and healthcare expenditures were found to be significant predictors of health status. Healthcare services for HIV patients may assist improvement of interpersonal activities and relieve emotional distress, and efforts are needed to continually increase accessibility to the services. Special attention should be given to those at low socioeconomic level and those suffering from low CD4 count.

Self-reported health profile of adolescents’ school students in an Egyptian village

Introduction: Although adolescents comprise a considerable portion of Egypt’s population, they have received insufficient indicators of their health status, especially in rural areas. Aim: This study was conducted to assess the health profile of adolescent school students and its associated socio-demographic factors in an Egyptian village. Methods: A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted during the scholastic year 2016–2017 on 378 adolescent students recruited from preparatory and secondary schools in Tonnamel village, Egypt. A self-reported questionnaire was used to assess the socio-demographic characteristics and included the modified Child health and illness profile-Adolescent edition questionnaire. Results: Health profile taxonomy and ranking revealed the worst health status as the most frequent one among students (69.6%). Age, gender, and mother education were significant predictors of health status whereas having illiterate mothers [p = 0.004, odds ratio (OR) = 4.3, and confidence interval (CI) = 1.62–11.9], being females (p = 0.003, OR = 2.54, and CI = 1.38–4.66) and older age group of 15–18 years (p = 0.02, OR = 2.23, and CI = 1.13–4.38) were significant risk factors for the poor to worst health among adolescents. Conclusions: This study reflected the worst health status as the most frequent and highly prevalent health profile among the studied adolescent students. This is mostly related to age and sex of students and to the education of their mothers whereas being female, owning older age and illiterate mother were risk factors for worst health status of adolescents. Addressing the health characteristics of adolescents is valuable to tailor suitable and specific health improvement interventions.

Self Reported Health Profile of Adolescents School Students in an Egyptian Village

Introduction: Although adolescents comprise a considerable portion of Egypt’s population, they have received insufficient indicators of their health status, especially in rural areas. Aim: This study was conducted to assess the health profile of adolescent school students and its associated socio-demographic factors in an Egyptian village. Methods: a school-based cross sectional study was conducted during the scholastic year 2016-2017 on 378 adolescent students recruited from preparatory and secondary schools in Tonnamel village, Egypt. A self-reported questionnaire was used to assess the socio-demographic characteristics and included the modified Child health and illness profile-Adolescent edition questionnaire (CHIP-AE). Results: health profile taxonomy and ranking revealed worst health status as the most frequent one among students (69.6%). Age, gender and mother education were significant predictors of health status whereas having illiterate mothers (P= 0.004, OR= 4.3 and CI= 1.62-11.9), being females (P= 0.003, OR= 2.54 and CI= 1.38-4.66) and older age group of 15-18 years (P= 0.02, OR= 2.23 and CI= 1.13-4.38) were significant risk factors for the poor to worst health among adolescents. Conclusions: This study reflected worst health status as the most frequent and highly prevalent health profile among the studied adolescent students. This is mostly related to age and sex of students and to education of their mothers whereas being female, owning older age and illiterate mother were risk factors for worst health status of adolescents. Addressing the health characteristics of adolescents is valuable to tailor suitable and specific health improvement interventions.

Impact of bladder, bowel and sexual dysfunction on health status of people with thoracolumbar spinal cord injuries living in the community

Objective. The disruption of autonomic function following a spinal cord injury (SCI) is common and can negatively affect quality of life. The objective of this study was to describe the prevalence of bladder/bowel incontinence and sexual dysfunction in community-dwelling individuals with a thoracolumbar SCI and examine the impact on general physical and mental health status.Methods. Participants who sustained a traumatic SCI to the thoracolumbar region of the spinal cord and classified as American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS) A to D were recruited. Demographic, injury data, MRI classification and neurological data were collected on admission. At follow-up, the neurological data, a questionnaire collecting participant-reported secondary health conditions (SHCs) (e.g. bladder incontinence, depression etc.) following SCI and health status measured by Short Form-36 were obtained. Regression models determined the association of health status with demographic/injury-related data, types and number of SHCs.Results. Of the 51 participants, 58.8% reported bladder incontinence, 54.0% bowel incontinence, 60.8% sexual dysfunction and 29.4% had all three. The regression models demonstrated that age at injury, bowel incontinence, sexual dysfunction, presence of pain, motor score at follow-up and the number of SHCs were significant predictors of health status. The number of SHCs was more predictive than all other demographic and injury variables for health status.Conclusion. Results highlight the high prevalence of self-reported bowel/bladder incontinence and sexual dysfunction in the traumatic thoracolumbar SCI population and support the need for standardized assessments. Several demographic, injury-related and SHCs impacted health status and should be considered for the management of individuals living in the community.

외국인 근로자와 내국인 근로자의 건강수준 및 결정요인 비교

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the health status between foreign workers and native workers and to examine the influencing factors of health status of foreign and native workers. Methods: This was a secondary analysis of the data collected from the 3rd (2011) Korean Working Conditions Survey (KWCS). The sample included 101 foreign workers and 101 native workers matched by age and gender. Results: The difference in health status between foreign workers and native workers was not statistically significant. The most commonly complained health problem of foreign workers was muscle pain of the upper limbs. Among foreign workers, hazard exposure, coworker support and supervisor support were significant predictors of health status. Among native workers, income level and obesity were significant predictors of health status. Conclusion: For health management and health promotion of foreign workers, employers and health providers need to establish coworker supporting systems in workplace and improvement strategies of work environment. Particularly, they must pay closer attention to management of foreign workers' musculoskeletal disorder.

DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH STATUS AMONG PATIENTS WITH KNEE OR HIP OSTEOARTHRITIS: THE ROLE OF DEMOGRAPHIC, CLINICAL AND HEALTH RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE VARIABLES

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common chronic disease especially among older adults and has a considerable negative impact on health status (HS). This study investigated associations between demographic, clinical and health related quality of life (HRQOL) factors and the HS of patients with knee or hip OA. We surveyed a convenience sample of 356 patients from two general hospitals in Tehran, Iran. The short form health survey (SF-12), EuroQol (EQ-5D) and a demographic questionnaire were administered. Clinical variables such as body mass undex (BMI), duration of disease and radiographic evidence of the severity of OA were also collected. Two hierarchical regression models identified independent factors related to HS. The mean age of participants was 63.0 (SD, 12.3) and majority were female (90.7%). More than three-quarters were overweight or obese and over two-thirds had an OA severity grade of 3 or 4 based on Kellgren–Lawrence scale. The mean score on the physical and mental components of the SF-12 were 30.50 (SD, 9.63) and 44.38 (SD, 8.64), respectively. The mean scores for HS were 0.47 (SD, 0.34) on the EQ-5D and 63.23 (SD 17.58) on the EQ-VAS. Residence, duration of disease, BMI, OA joint, pain, vitality and mental health (MH) were identified as significant predictors of HS. Future studies are needed to better understand factors that may affect the HS of patients with knee or hip OA.

Exploring the Socioeconomic and Immigration Health Contexts of Asian Americans

Despite an overall picture of good health for Asian Americans in the aggregate, growing evidence shows that specific subgroups—particularly those with high proportions of immigrants—have diverse patterns relative to socioeconomic position and health. Using data from the largest U.S. state health survey, this study explores the contributions of socioeconomic and immigration factors to health status among Asian American subgroups. Results indicate that level of education, income, and English language ability were significant predictors of health status for the Chinese, Korean, and Vietnamese subgroups. Varying patterns in the results by subgroup are discussed in the context of immigration policy.

The predictive value of cognitive impairments measured at the start of clinical rehabilitation for health status 1 year and 3 years poststroke

The objective of this study was to investigate the value of screening for cognitive functions at the start of an inpatient rehabilitation programme to predict the health status 1 and 3 years poststroke. In this longitudinal cohort study of stroke patients in inpatient rehabilitation data of 134 participants were analysed. Cognitive and clinical data were collected after admission to inpatient rehabilitation treatment. Data on health status were collected at 1 and 3 years post stroke. Cognitive functioning was assessed with the Cambridge Cognitive Examination (CAMCOG). Health status was assessed with the Stroke-Adapted Sickness Impact Profile. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, Pearson correlations and multiple regression analysis. One year poststroke, the CAMCOG dimensions of orientation (β=-0.21), Perception (β=-0.16) and Memory (β=-0.16), as well as age and motor function were significant predictors of health status. Cognitive variables alone explained 2.5-10.3% of the variance. Three years poststroke, CAMCOG Perception (β=-0.19 and -0.18) and Language (β=-0.15), as well as age, type of stroke and motor function were significant predictors of health status, and the cognitive variables alone explained 1.7-10.9% of the variance. CAMCOG scores were significant predictors of long-term health status in patients with stroke, although the amount of explained variance was small.

Self-rated health and social capital in transitional countries: Multilevel analysis of comparative surveys in Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia

The objective of this study is to analyze the effect of social capital on self-rated health in transitional countries of the South Caucasus region. The study is based on recent, 2009, cross-sectional nationally-representative surveys of 2082 respondents in Armenia, 2014 in Azerbaijan, and 1837 in Georgia with response rate of 78–80%. Two-level random-coefficient ordered logistic regression, modeling individual and community variations in subjective health was estimated to account for the hierarchical structure of the data set which includes individuals nested within communities. The results allow several interesting conclusions to be drawn. First, a proportion of the total variation in self-rated health explained at the community level is 0.23 for Azerbaijan, 0.10 for Georgia, and 0.08 for Armenia. These findings highlight the importance of more decentralized community-based healthcare interventions in the region. Second, human capital covariates remained significant predictors of health status even after controlling for social capital both at individual and community levels. Likewise, social capital variables are significant predictors of health status when used alone and when they are controlled by human capital covariates. These findings suggest that human capital and social capital influence health status independently of each other. Finally, this study sheds light on whether social capital collectively benefits members of a community in transitional countries beyond the individual benefits. In Armenia and Azerbaijan, community level differences in health status are rooted in “compositional” differences between social capital of individuals in the communities rather than at the community “contextual” level. In Georgia, by contrast, the beneficial effect of social capital can be simultaneously observed at the individual “compositional”, and community “contextual” levels. These findings suggest that neither “compositional” nor “contextual” models of the social capital effect of health status can apply to all transitional societies universally.

Predictors of international health status.

This study presents a new measure of health status, called the Health Status Scale (HSS). The HSS is composed of five indicators: three measuring adult mortality and two measuring mental and social health. The scale is created to conform to the World Health Organization (WHO) definition of health as including physical, mental, and social components. The scale is used as the dependent variable in a regression equation, using six common predictors of health status. The predictors relate to health personnel, nutrition, and health facilities. The results of the regression analysis indicate that health facilities are the most significant predictors of health status, using the HSS. Their significance may be due to the relationship between adult mortality and the absence of facilities to treat chronic disease in adults.