Significant Negative Direct Effect Research Articles

The Impact of Parent Torture and Family Functioning on Youth Adjustment in War-Affected Families: A Path Analysis Describing Intergenerational Trauma and the Family System.

The direct exposure to physical or psychological trauma from torture or war leads to well-documented individual health consequences. Less understood are the inclusive and intergenerational effects of war trauma on family systems and youth adjustment. The purpose was to examine mechanisms in war-affected families that explained the significant emotional and behavioral consequences of intergenerational trauma in youth through the use of multiple methods. Quantitative assessments of maternal and paternal caregivers and youth characterized associations between parent torture, parent mental health distress, parent physical health problems, family functioning, and youth adjustment. Narrative statements further contextualized processes through which the trauma of a parent impacted youth and family systems. The research was conducted in partnership with local, refugee-serving community-based organizations. The study sample included parents and youth in 96 Karen families, originating from Burma in Southeast Asia, who had been resettled to the United States through the U.S. Refugee Admissions Program. Path analysis results indicated that parent torture (β = -0.173) had statistically significant negative direct effects on youth adjustment. Parent torture had a negative indirect effect on youth adjustment through the mental health (β = -0.345) and physical health problems of parents (β = -0.305), and youth gender (β = 0.126) and trauma exposure of youth (β = -0.048). Family functioning type demonstrated a positive direct effect on youth adjustment (β = 0.449). Family type had an indirect effect on youth adjustment through youth gender (β = 0.142), youth trauma exposure (β = -0.165), parent physical health problems (β = -0.202), and parent mental health (β = 0.509). The current study developed and tested the first model of intergenerational trauma's effects on the adjustment of Karen refugee youth. Results emphasize that individual recovery from torture must be accompanied by adjunct interventions focused on family systems and youth adjustment, to holistically address intergenerational sequala of trauma.

In-home environment and happiness among older adults in Thailand.

The fact that housing can play a critical role in maintaining the health and independence related to happiness of the older population has been studied in more developed countries. However, research on the effect of housing conditions on happiness is rare in less developed countries. This study aimed to construct and test a structural equation model describing the structural relationship among personal aspects (living alone and physical disability), in-home environment (sleeping place and toilet/bathroom), and happiness among older adults in Thailand. The data on the population age 75 years or over were extracted from the 2017 national Survey of Older Persons in Thailand (n = 7,829). The median age of the sample population was 79. Almost 60 percent were women. The structural equation model showed a good fit with the data. Living alone did not directly influence happiness. Physical disability had a statistically significant negative direct effect on happiness. In-home environment not only had an impact on happiness directly, but also moderated the relationship between physical disability and happiness. The research suggested that interventions to improve happiness of older adults, particularly those with physical disability, should aim to adapt their housing, including sleeping place and toilet design.

Does industry-university-research cooperation promote the environmental efficiency of China’s high-tech manufacturing?

As one of the important strategic measures to increase the international competitiveness of high-tech manufacturing (HTM), industry-university-research cooperation (IURC) has received increasing attention in China. However, there is little literature to explore the links between IURC and the environmental efficiency (EE) of HTM. To incorporate a variety of environmental pollution indicators into the efficiency analysis framework and reduce the adverse effects of random errors on the estimation results, this article combined the projection pursuit model with the stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) method and proposed a translog stochastic frontier model considering undesirable outputs to analyze the multiple impacts of IURC on the EE of HTM. The results show that IURC has both a significant negative direct effect and a significant positive indirect effect on HTM’s EE. Although IURC cannot directly promote EE, it has a positive impact on EE of HTM through its complementary effect with research and development (R&D) investment. The results also confirm that the average EE of the whole country is only 0.346, while that of the eastern area is 0.595, and that of the central and western areas are 0.199 and 0.171, respectively. Therefore, it is particularly urgent to improve the EE of China’s HTM industry through a variety of measures, such as promoting IURC and increasing R&D investment in environmental technology. This study not only provides an improved SFA method for measuring EE, but also deepens research on the mechanism of the impact of IURC on HTM’s EE.

Cognitive function is mediated by deficit accumulation in older, long-term breast cancer survivors.

This study aims to examine whether cognitive function in older, long-term breast cancer survivors is both a direct effect of cancer and cancer treatments and an indirect effect mediated by deficit accumulation. Female breast cancer survivors who had been diagnosed and treated at age 60 or older and were 5-15-year survivors (N = 220) and age- and education-matched non-cancer controls (N = 123) were assessed at enrollment and at 8-, 16-, and 24-month follow-ups with standard neuropsychological tests and the comprehensive geriatric assessment which was used to calculate the deficit accumulation frailty index (DAFI). Blood or saliva samples for APOE genotyping were collected at enrollment. Participants were purposely recruited so that approximately 50% had a history of treatment with chemotherapy or and 50% were not exposed to chemotherapy. Latent variable mediation analysis revealed that cognitive performance was mediated by deficit accumulation for all three domains. The direct effect of cancer diagnosis and treatment history was significant for the Language domain (p = 0.04), a trend for the learning and memory domain (p = 0.054), and non-significant for the attention, processing speed, executive function (APE) domain. Carrying the APOE ε4 allele had a significant negative direct effect on the APE domain (p = 0.05) but no indirect effect through deficit accumulation. Cognitive function in older, long-term breast cancer survivors appears to be primarily mediated through deficit accumulation. These findings have important clinical implications suggesting that the most effective intervention to prevent or slow cognitive aging in older cancer survivors may be through prevention or management of comorbidities and interventions that maintain functional capacity (exercise, physical therapy) and social and mental health.

Modeling Premenstrual Syndrome based on Quality of Life with the Mediating Role of Early Maladaptive Schemas

Aim: The aim of the present study was to model premenstrual syndrome based on quality of life with the mediating role of early maladaptive schemas. Methods: The research method is cross-sectional correlation. The statistical population of this research was made up of all married students of Azad University of Tehran in the fall and winter of 2020-2021, from among them, 400 people were selected by staged cluster sampling method. In this study, the tools of premenstrual syndrome (Siah Baz et al., 2011), health-related quality of life (Walker et al., 1987) and early maladaptive schemas (Young, 1988) were used, all of which have acceptable validity and reliability. SPSS-V23 and Amos-V8.8 software were used to analyze the data. Structural equation modeling was also used to answer the research hypotheses. Results: Findings showed that the model has a good fit. The results also showed that health-related quality of life had a significant direct negative effect on premenstrual syndrome. Health-related quality of life has had a direct negative effect on early maladaptive schemas. Early maladaptive schemas had a direct effect on premenstrual syndrome. Conclusion: The level of premenstrual syndrome increases with the increase of early maladaptive schemas. Therefore, paying attention to the mentioned variables in prevention and designing more appropriate treatments helps researchers and therapists.

Analisis Determinan Fungsi Intermediasi dan Profitabilitas Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia

This study aims to identify and analyze the direct effect of third party funds (DPK), capital adequacy (CAR), and problem finance (NPF) on the intermediation function (FDR) of sharia commercial banks in indonesia. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling, the number of samples obtained from all Islamic commercial banks in Indonesia for the period January 2013-February 2021. The data were analyzed by path analysis using the PLS method assisted by the SPSS program. The results showed that Third-Party Funds (TPF), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), and Non-Performing Financing (NPF) had a significant direct negative effect on the intermediation function (FDR). Furthermore, for the profitability variable, the results of the study show that the Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) and Non Performing Financing (NPF) directly have a significant negative effect on Profitability (ROA). However, Third-Party Funds and Intermediation Functions have no direct significant effect on profitability. For the mediator variable, the results show that the intermediation function has not been able to mediate the independent variables of Third-Party Funds (TPF), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), and Non Performing Financing (NPF) on Profitability (ROA).

Effect of Job Characteristics and Satisfaction Work Against Abroad of State High School Teachers Bogor City

Teacher performance can be seen from the level of attendance both at school and in class. Quality of Education depend on the teacher performance. Currently, teacher absenteeism is still high. The factors that influence teacher absenteeism are job characteristics and job satisfaction. This study describes the negative effect of job characteristics and job satisfaction on teacher absenteeism in 178 teachers at SMA Negeri Bogor, Indonesia. Analysis of the data used is the structure of the equational model using AMOS. There is a significant negative direct effect of job characteristics on absenteeism. The results of a simple correlation analysis between job characteristics and absenteeism obtained a correlation coefficient of -0.107 and a path coefficient value of -0.06. There is a direct negative effect of job satisfaction on absenteeism. The results of a simple correlation analysis between job satisfaction and absenteeism obtained a correlation coefficient of -0.119 and a path coefficient value of -0.09. This value provides an understanding that job satisfaction has a significant negative effect on absenteeism. The results of a simple correlation analysis between job characteristics and job satisfaction obtained a correlation coefficient of 0.526 and a path coefficient value of 0.53. This value provides an understanding that job characteristics have a powerful positive effect on job satisfaction.

Green finance and industrial pollution: Empirical research based on spatial perspective

Green finance is an important means to promote industrial pollution reduction. This paper uses the entropy method and the TOPSIS model to calculate the green finance development index and industrial pollution index of 30 provinces in China from 2011 to 2019, and further uses the panel regression model and SDM model to test the impact of green finance on industrial pollution. The study found that there is a significant positive spatial correlation between green finance and industrial pollution; At the same time, green finance generally inhibits industrial pollution. The effect decomposition results show that the former has a significant negative direct effect and spatial spillover effect on the latter.

Default‐mode connectivity mediates the association between cardiovascular and metabolic risks and cognition: a pilot study

AbstractBackgroundPrior studies have linked increased vulnerability to cognitive decline later in life with exposure to cardiovascular and metabolic disease risk factors. Further, these classic risk factors are associated with alteration to brain structure and function. This project investigates whether altered default‐mode network (DMN) functional connectivity (FC) mediates the association between cardiovascular and metabolic (CVM) health and cognition.MethodStructural, Resting‐state fMRI, and fieldmap scans were collected in a large sample of 930 healthy volunteers aged 36 to 90+ years old (mean ± SD: 61.6 ± 16 years; female= 55.6%) from the Human Connectome Project in Aging (HCP‐A) study. Data were preprocessed using the currently recommended HCP‐A pipelines, including precise spatial preprocessing, multi‐modal cross‐subject alignment, and selective temporal denoising. FC values were computed using full correlation with FSLNets amongst the neocortical brain areas of HCP‐A’s multi‐modal parcellation and standard FreeSurfer subcortical structures and converted to z‐scores with the Fisher transform. A composite CVM index (CVMI) was computed with variables related to general CVM health, and a cognitive composite index (CCI) encompassed measures of general cognition, memory, processing speed, and executive functioning. Figure 1 presents the mediation model implemented using MATLAB. The mediation effects were assessed in the full sample (FDR corrected, p<0.05), as well as separately in ‘younger’ participants below 65 years (n = 546) and ‘older’ participants aged 65+ years (n = 384) with and without sex stratification (uncorrected).ResultFigure 2 highlights an indirect effect between CVMI and CCI that is mediated by DMN FC. In the full sample, the CVMI shows a significant negative direct effect on CCI (b=‐0.54, p<.001). This effect is mediated by DMN FC as seen in Figure 2(a), which is well‐replicated in the sex‐stratified analyses. Similar overlapping effects are observed in the younger and older groups. Figure 3 presents an example of connectivity and age association differences between low and high CCI groups.ConclusionOur results indicate that cardiovascular and metabolic health impacts cognitive functioning, and that this is, at least in part, mediated by DMN FC.

Cingulate cortical thickness in cocaine use disorder: mediation effect between early life stress and cocaine consumption.

The cingulate gyrus is implicated in the neurobiology of addiction, such as chronic cocaine consumption. Early life stress (ELS) is an important moderator of cocaine use disorder (CUD). Therefore, we investigated the effect of CUD on cingulate cortical thickness and tested whether a history of ELS could influence the effects of CUD. Participants aged 18-50 years (78 with CUD due to crack cocaine consumption and 53 healthy controls) underwent magnetic resonance imaging and the cingulate thickness (rostral anterior, caudal anterior, posterior, and isthmus regions) was analysed. The clinical assessment comprised the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and the Addiction Severity Index. Group comparisons adjusting by sex, age, and education were performed. Mediation models were generated where lifetime cocaine use, CTQ score, and cortical thickness corresponded to the independent variable, intermediary variable, and outcome, respectively. Group comparisons revealed significant differences in six out of eight cingulate cortices, showing lower thickness in the CUD group. Furthermore, years of regular cocaine use was the variable most associated with cingulate thickness. Negative correlations were found between CTQ scores and the isthmus cingulate (right hemisphere), as well as with the rostral anterior cingulate (left hemisphere). In the mediation analysis, we observed a significant negative direct effect of lifetime cocaine use on the isthmus cingulate and an indirect effect of cocaine use mediated by CTQ score. Our findings suggest that a history of ELS could aggravate the negative effects of chronic cocaine use on the cingulate gyrus, particularly in the right isthmus cingulate cortex.

Transforming Children's Live Experiences with Species into Conservation Willingness: The Mediating Roles of Biodiversity Knowledge and Affective Attitudes

<p style="text-align:justify">The loss of direct experiences with nature among today's children is of concern as it affects their conservation willingness (CW). While little is known about the influence of live experiences on CW, much less is known about how these events are related. This study aimed to examine the serial mediating effects of biodiversity knowledge (BK) and affective attitudes (AA) on the relationship between live experiences with species and CW. An online questionnaire was administered to 429 school children (11-12 years) in the Maldives. A two-serial mediation analysis revealed that live experiences exerted significant negative direct and positive indirect effects on CW. Thus, although a predictive sequential pathway from live experiences to BK to AA to CW was confirmed, partial mediation involving other mediators or moderators is likely. The direct effects of live experiences on BK and AA and of BK on AA suggest that experiential learning that stimulates AA is necessary to achieve overall positive impacts on CW. Therefore, educators and policymakers are critical in providing first-hand experiences to instill positive biodiversity conservation traits in children, enabling successful education for sustainable development and long-term biodiversity conservation.</p>

Exploring the Influence of Environmental Values on Green Consumption Behavior of Apparel: A Chain Multiple Mediation Model among Chinese Generation Z

There is a problem among Generation Z regarding the insufficient perception of green apparel consumption and the “perception–action paradox”, which presents a great challenge to China’s future sustainable development. To address this problem, we constructed a chain multiple mediation research framework that explored the transmission paths between the environmental value and green consumption behavior of apparel, as well as the associated influence mechanisms; this was performed by integrating environmental responsibility and green consumption intention. Data for this study were collected through a multistage sampling survey of 657 Chinese Gen Z members born between 1995 and 2002. Our results reveal that all three types (egoism, altruism, and biospheric values) of environmental values had different direct and indirect effects on the green apparel consumption behavior for Gen Z members, but the indirect effects of each aspect significantly outweighed their direct effects. In terms of the direct effects, egoistic values had no significant direct negative effect on green apparelconsumption behavior, whereas the significant positive direct effect of the biospheric values was greater than that of altruistic values. The greatest mediating effect between the environmental values and green apparelconsumption behaviorwas green consumption intention, followed by environmental responsibility, and ending with the chain mediation effect of environmental responsibilityand green consumption intention. These findings suggest that it is imperative to stress the cultivation of green consumption intentions, environmental responsibility, and environmental values and bridge the seamless link among these variables for the promotion of green apparel consumption practices in Generation Z. This is the first study that explicitly identifies the significant chain mediating effect of environmental responsibility and green consumption intention between the environmental values and green apparel consumption behavior. Our findings broaden the theoretical research perspective of green apparel consumption behavior and provide a reference for the guiding of green consumption practices and policy formulation for the global population of Generation Z.

Investigating Factors Affecting Behavioral Intention among Gym-Goers to Visit Fitness Centers during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Integrating Physical Activity Maintenance Theory and Social Cognitive Theory

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the closure of many fitness centers and has significantly affected the behavioral intentions of gym-goers. This study aimed to determine factors affecting the behavioral intentions of gym-goers regarding fitness centers during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines by utilizing the Physical Activity Maintenance Theory within the framework of Social Cognitive Theory. A total of 1048 gym-goers voluntarily answered an online, self-administered survey comprising 68 questions. Structural Equation Modeling indicated that physical activity maintenance through understanding COVID-19 and self-motivation had the highest significant effect on behavioral intentions. Interestingly, life stress was found to have a significant negative direct effect on physical activity maintenance. The current study is one of the first to have analyzed factors affecting the behavioral intentions of gym-goers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Finally, the application of Physical Activity Maintenance Theory and Social Cognitive Theory in this study provided accurate predictors of behavioral intention. As a result, this integrated model could serve as a theoretical foundation that could be applied and extended to assess behavioral intentions among gym-goers during the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide.

The Beneficial Effects of Professional Identity: The Mediating Role of Teaching Identification in the Relationship between Role Stress and Psychological Distress during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

At the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, teachers and students rapidly transitioned to remote teaching and learning. In South Africa, this initial transition was followed by periods of reopening and closing of schools during the various waves of the pandemic. When schools were reopened, rotational schooling was implemented, with students attending in shifts. All this change created a climate of uncertainty for teachers. The current study investigates the relationship between role stress and indices of psychological distress, as well as the potential mediating role of teaching identification in this relationship, using a cross-sectional survey design. Participants (n = 355) were school teachers in South Africa who completed the Role Stress Questionnaire, the Professional Identification Scale, the trait scale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and the Beck Hopelessness Scale during the second wave of the pandemic (May–July 2021). The results of a structural equation analysis indicate significant positive direct effects of role conflict and ambiguity on anxiety and hopelessness, as well as significant negative direct effects of teaching identification on anxiety and hopelessness. In addition, teaching identification was found to mediate the effect of role conflict and ambiguity on anxiety and hopelessness. The demonstrated role of teaching identification has implications that suggest the importance of leadership and supervisory support, as well as enhancing the societal value of teaching as a profession.

The Role of Klotho G395A Gene Polymorphism in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality Risk Scores in Non-dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Klotho expression was reduced in patients with CKD, leading to vascular calcification, endothelial dysfunction, and atherosclerosis. We investigated the role of the klotho G395A gene polymorphism and plasma klotho level in the ten-year risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and CVD mortality in CKD patients.METHODS: We used the PCR-CTPP assay method to genotype klotho G395A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in 72 non-dialysis CKD patients. The klotho level was determined using the enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) method. Path analysis was used to determine the relationship between the klotho G395A SNP, plasma klotho level, ASCVD risk score, and CVD mortality risk score.RESULTS: Our results showed that the GA genotype had lower plasma klotho levels than the GG genotype (path coefficient=-0.185, p=0.000). There was a significant negative correlation between plasma klotho level and the ASCVD risk score (r=-0.243, p=0.040), but no significant correlation was found between plasma klotho level and the CVD mortality risk score (r=-0.145, p=0.225). Path analysis showed that plasma klotho level had a significant negative direct effect on ASCVD risk score (path coefficient=-0.272, p=0.000) and an indirect effect on CVD mortality risk score (path coefficient=0.187, p=0.005).CONCLUSION: Klotho G395A SNP might reduce lower plasma klotho levels, which increased ASCVD and CVD mortality risk scores in non-dialysis CKD patients. However, other risk factors such as age, CKD stages, hypertension, and smoking should be taken into consideration. Therefore, large-scale genetic association studies with adjusted variables could be conducted in various ethnic groups for a more robust result.KEYWORDS: klotho, single nucleotide polymorphism, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease

The spatial impacts of the circular economy on carbon intensity - new evidence from the super-efficient SBM-DEA model

With the signing of the Paris Agreement in 2016, countries began to explore new economic models to get rid of the high emissions and high pollution caused by the traditional extensive economic model. Circular economy (CE) is regarded as an important way to achieve carbon neutrality, yet there is little literature has explored the relationship between the two. This paper aims to provide evidence and suggestions for developing circular economy strategies in emerging developing countries such as China by exploring the relationship between circular economy and carbon emissions. In this study, urban carbon emissions were measured by using high-resolution carbon emission data and the circular economy of 285 cities in China from 2009 to 2018 was estimated using a data envelopment analysis (SBM-DEA) model based on a super effective slackness measure. Then, the spatial impact of the circular economy was analyzed based on the spatial Durbin model. The empirical results are as follows: first, carbon intensity shows a positive spatial correlation, with most cities clustered in high-high (H-H) and low-low (L-L) types. Second, it was found that CE has a significant negative impact on the carbon intensity of local cities and neighboring cities. Third, based on regional heterogeneity, CE has significant negative direct and indirect effects in central and western cities. In contrast, CE has only significant direct effects (negative values) in eastern cities.

Indirect effects of social support and hope on quality of life via emotional distress among stroke survivors: A three-wave structural equation model.

ObjectivesStroke survivors are prone to functional impairments and reduced quality of life (QoL). This study examined the mediating role of social support and hope in the relationships between functional impairment, emotional distress, and QoL.MethodsA total of 188 stroke survivors in Hong Kong completed assessments on functional impairment, social support, and hope at baseline, with follow-up measurements of emotional distress at 2 months and QoL at 8 months. Structural equation modeling with bootstrapping was used to analyze the direct and indirect effects of functional impairment on emotional distress and QoL via the mediating factors of social support and hope.ResultsThe partial cascading model provided an adequate fit to the data. Functional impairment had significant negative direct effects on hope and physical QoL and social support had significant positive direct effects on hope and physical QoL. Social support had a significant positive indirect effect on physical QoL via hope and perceived stress and on psychosocial QoL via hope and depression. Functional impairment and hope had a significant negative interaction effect on perceived stress.ConclusionThe findings support a mediating role for hope in the relationship between social support and QoL in stroke survivors. The protective effect of hope on perceived stress was stronger among patients with greater functional impairment.

For there is nothing either good or bad: a study of the mediating effect of interpretation bias on the association between mindfulness and reduced post-traumatic stress vulnerability

BackgroundDespite increasing interest in the association between mindfulness and reduced trauma vulnerability, and the use of mindfulness in the latest interventions for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), few studies have examined the mechanisms through which mindfulness may influence post-trauma psychopathology. The present study aimed to determine whether negative interpretation bias, the tendency to interpret ambiguous information as negative or threatening rather than positive or safe, mediates the association between higher levels of trait mindfulness and lower levels of PTSD symptoms. Negative interpretation bias was examined due to prior evidence indicating it is associated with being less mindful and post trauma psychopathology.MethodsThe study examined 133 undergraduate students who reported exposure to one or more potentially traumatic events in their lifetime. Participants completed self-report measures of trait mindfulness (Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire – Short Form; FFMQ-SF) and PTSD symptoms (Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist – Civilian version; PCL-C) as well an interpretation bias task that assessed the degree to which participants interpreted a range of everyday hypothetical scenarios to be threatening to their physical and/or psychological wellbeing.ResultsResults of a mediation analysis indicated a significant negative direct effect of trait mindfulness on PTSD symptomatology (p < .001). There was no evidence that negative interpretation bias mediated this relationship [BCa CI [-0.04, 0.03)], nor was it associated with trait mindfulness (p = .90) and PTSD symptomatology (p = .37).ConclusionsThe results of the current study provide further evidence of the link between trait mindfulness and reduced post-trauma psychopathology while providing no support for the role of negative interpretation bias in this relationship.

Assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on tourism workers’ health and well-being in Jordan

The current study assesses the impact of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on tourism workers’ health and well-being in Jordan by investigating coronavirus threats, financial impacts, resources impacts, social isolation, depression and personal control experienced by tourism workers during the COVID-19 pandemic, and how the threats and impacts of the coronavirus pandemic affect workers’ health and well-being. A quantitative survey method was applied using a questionnaire. Data were collected from a sample of 400 tourism workers in Jordan. The study’s findings revealed that tourism workers are financially strained, socially isolated, psychologically depressed, experiencing a lack of personal control, and have limited resources due to their dread of the pandemic and its negative impacts. It was also found that a significant negative direct effect of perceived coronavirus threats and their impacts on workers’ depression and personal control had a significant influence on workers’ health and well-being. The current study proposed a model of the influence of coronavirus on tourism workers’ health and well-being through their personal control and depression.

Overcoming barriers to consumer acceptance of 3D-printed foods in the food service sector

The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential uptake and inhibitors of 3D-printed food applications in the food service market to provide market salient evidence to inform business investments. An online survey was designed and distributed to an adult Irish population and was completed by 1,045 participants. The collected data was analysed using Structural Equation Modelling to test a hypothesised model of willingness to try 3D-printed food applications. Results showed that perceived personal relevance of the technology is a strong positive determinant of willingness to try (Standardised β = 0.614***). Novel Food Technology Neophobia (NFTN) represents a barrier to willingness to try 3D-printed food applications as evident from its significant negative direct effect (Standardised β = −0.167***). NFTN is also found to have a depressing indirect effect when mediated through perceived personal relevance (Standardised β = −0.202***), while the importance consumers attach to naturalness is yet another barrier (Standardised β = 0.053*). Overall, considering its total effect, NFTN (Standardised β = −0.369***) presents the greatest barrier to willingness to try 3D printed foods.The role of trust in science by directly diminishing the effects of NFTN (Standardised β = −0.445***) and the importance of naturalness also emerges (Standardised –β = 0.137***). Consequently, this work has identified some of the major obstacles facing the technology in the forms of NFTN and the importance of naturalness but has pointed to possible resolutions in building continued support and trust in science, and a focus on designing and delivering both customisable consumer-focused food products and accompanying marketing strategies that communicate and emphasise the personal benefits that this novel food technology affords.