Significant Improvement In Knee Pain Research Articles

Comparative Study Between Kinesiotaping Versus Muscle Energy Technique in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic progressive degenerative disorder of multifactorial etiology, causing greater disability and clinical symptoms among adults. Our study aim is to compare the effectiveness of kinesio taping with conventional therapy versus muscle energy technique with conventional therapy in subjects with knee osteoarthritis. Moreover, the assessed objectives are knee pain, range of motion, disability, quadriceps strength, and hamstring flexibility. It is a comparative study, where 30 subjects with knee osteoarthritis meeting the inclusion criteria were recruited and randomly divided into Group A (Kinesiotaping with conventional therapy) and Group B (Muscle energy technique with conventional therapy), each group containing 15 subjects. Both groups received the same conventional therapy, five sessions/week for three weeks. GROUP-A received Kinesiotaping 3 sessions/per week for three weeks, and GROUP-B received Muscle energy technique five sessions/per week for three weeks. Outcome parameters were a Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) for pain, a Goniometer for a range of motion, WOMAC (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index) for pain, Stiffness, and physical dysfunction, Quadriceps strength test for quadriceps strength and Active knee extension test for hamstrings flexibility. Paired t-test and independent t-test were used to analyze both groups' pre-test and post-results. The study concluded that Group A showed more significant improvement in knee pain (t=3.862, p<0.05), extension range of motion (t=5.983, p<0.05), and hamstrings flexibility (t=5.983, p<0.05) compared to Group B. However, there was no significant difference in improvement among the groups when compared between both groups. Hence, the intervention in Group A was more effective in decreasing pain and increasing knee extension range of motion and hamstrings flexibility in OA knee patients.

The Effect of a Multidimensional Home Rehabilitation Program for Post-Total Knee Arthroplasty Elderly Patients.

Patients with total knee arthroplasty (TKA) experience pain, decreased muscle strength, and decreased knee function, resulting in increases in depression and decreased subjective well-being. A multidimensional home program may prevent these adverse events. The aim of this study was to test the effect of a home rehabilitation program that included education, exercise, aroma massage, and phone counseling for post-TKA patients. We used a randomized control group pretest/posttest design. Fifty-nine patients participated, with 29 in the experimental group and 30 in the control group. Pain, knee joint range of motion (ROM), quadriceps strength, depression, and subjective well-being were measured as outcome variables. Data were analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance and generalized estimating equations. The experimental group showed significant improvement in knee pain, active ROM, muscle strength, depression, and subjective well-being with no significant between-groups difference in passive ROM. The multidimensional home rehabilitation program can be an effective nursing intervention for physical and emotional recovery of patients with TKA.

Outcomes of Total Knee Arthroplasty in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis.

The purpose of this study was to examine current literature regarding the efficacy of total knee arthroplasty for patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Studies that assessed total knee arthroplasty outcomes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis were identified on MEDLINE from January 2009 to November 2018. All 4 studies that assessed knee pain and 9 of 11 studies that assessed knee function noted significant improvement in average knee score. However, between 10% and 47% of patients had significant knee pain at final follow-up. Total knee arthroplasty provides significant improvement in knee pain and function for patients with rheumatoid arthritis. However, the rates of postoperative pain vary widely. [Orthopedics. 2021;44(5):e626-e632.].

Knee osteoarthritis outcomes in patients with severe obesity following bariatric surgery or total knee arthroplasty: the swift trial

Purpose: High body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) is a modifiable risk factor that has been associated with the development and progression of osteoarthritis (OA) and knee pain. The gold standard for the treatment of end stage knee OA remains total knee arthroplasty (TKA), though patients with morbid obesity (BMI≥40 kg/m2) are increasingly required to lose weight prior to TKA due to increased surgical risk and a higher rate of complications. Conservative weight-loss approaches often fail to help patients lose the recommended weight prior to TKA, potentially making them ineligible for surgery. Recent studies have shown that patients who undergo bariatric surgery experience short-term improvements in knee functionality and decreased pain, either obviating the need for arthroplasty - or at least improving the success of subsequent total knee replacements. Here we present interim data from the trial entitled “Surgical Weight-loss to Improve Functional Status Trajectories following arthroplasty for painful knee osteoarthritis”. This current multi-center, prospective study compares pain and functional outcomes in patients receiving bariatric surgery prior to TKA versus obese patients who go straight to TKA. Methods: We recruited patients with BMI ≥40 kg/m2 and painful knee OA who met the indications for TKA from the bariatrics, orthopedics and rheumatology clinics at the four hospital centers. Patients with a BMI >35 kg/m2 were also recruited if they had a qualifying comorbid condition including obstructive sleep apnea, diabetes, hypertension or hyperlipidemia. Patients were assigned to the bariatric (BAR) or TKA (TKA) arms based on surgical choice (goal n=150 for each arm), with all bariatric patients having anatomy-altering sleeve gastrectomy or gastric bypass, and not laparoscopic gastric banding. At baseline and several time points after surgery (see figure), we documented height, weight, the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), visual analog pain (VAS) scales, and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC), and had patients perform functional assessments (Timed-Up and Go, 30-second Chair Stand and 40-meter fast paced walk test). We targeted minimum detectable change (MDC) in outcomes for the VAS for knee pain (33% reduction), Timed Up and Go (decrease by 2 seconds), 30-second Chair Stand (increase by 2 reps), 40-meter fast paced walk (increase by 0.16 m/s), WOMAC score (16% reduction), and the KOOS pain score (10-point improvement). Using a logistic regression to adjust for age and baseline BMI, we compared the percentage of patients in the two arms who achieve an MDC for the various outcomes. Results: For the current analysis, 20 bariatric surgery patients and 22 TKA patients completed their 6-month follow-up visits. Each subcohort had a similar sex distribution (15% vs 14%, p=0.999) but the bariatric group was younger (53 vs 61 years old, p=0.0045) and had a higher baseline BMI (47.1 vs 40.9, p=0.0009). Many bariatric patients achieved significant improvement in knee pain and function as evidenced by the MDC in the various tests, though the percent with MDC consistently tended to be higher in the TKA cohort. These MDC benchmarks included the 30-second Chair Stand (TKA 60% vs BAR 29%, p=0.085), KOOS pain score (TKA 89% vs BAR 65%, p=0.130), the Visual Analog Pain Scale (TKA 50% vs BAR 34%, p=0.390), Timed Up and Go (TKA 45% vs BAR 21%, p=0.205), the 40-meter fast paced walk (TKA 61% vs BAR 42%, p=0.319), and the WOMAC (TKA 81% vs BAR 59%, p=0.225). Many of the bariatric patients have had subsequent arthroplasty, but not enough time has passed to report levels of improvement. Conclusions: In morbidly obese patients who are eligible for TKA, bariatric surgery may result in modest improvements in knee pain and function when compared to TKA at 6 months post operatively. In addition to potentially altering the need for and timing of TKA, surgical weight loss may result in improved TKA outcomes. This study was supported by the Investigator Initiated Study Program of Ethicon-Endo Surgery, Inc. (Grant Number: 14-621).

Ineffectiveness of lateral-wedge insoles on the improvement of pain and function for medial knee osteoarthritis: a meta-analysis of controlled randomized trials

ObjectiveThe study aimed to evaluate the role of lateral-wedge insoles in pain reduction and functional improvement among patients with medial knee osteoarthritis.Materials and methodsThree databases including Pubmed, Embase, and Web of science were searched from inception until October 2017 for studies investigating the role of lateral-wedge treatment in pain relief and functional recovery among patients with knee osteoarthritis. Eligible studies were pooled using fixed effect model or random-effects model based on Cochrane Q statistic and I2 test. Moreover, subgroup analysis stratified by research area was performed, and sensitivity analysis was further designed to evaluate the strength of the meta-analysis.ResultsTen studies with a total of 938 patients, of which 478 patients received lateral-wedge insoles and 460 patients were set as control, were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled statistics did not show significant improvement in knee pain (SMD = − 0.21, 95% CI − 0.50, 0.08; P = 0.16) and knee function (SMD = 0.22, 95% CI − 0.27, 0.70; P = 0.38) in lateral-wedge insoles treatment group compared with controls. However, subgroup analysis based on research area revealed a favorable outcome toward Asian patients who received lateral-wedge insoles in pain reduction when compared with control group. (SMD = − 0.88, 95% CI − 1.59, − 0.17; P = 0.02). No significant improvement was observed among patients in USA and other areas. Sensitivity analysis showed unchanged results when we omitted each study. No significant publication bias was observed among the included studies.ConclusionThough for young Asian patients within normal BMI, to some extent, the lateral-wedge insoles seems to be helpful. However, there was no evidence to demonstrate the relationship between race and role of lateral-wedge insoles on pain reduction. All in all, based on current data, lateral-wedge insoles appear to be ineffective at attenuating knee pain and function improvement.

Return to Preoperative Function After Autologous Cartilage Implantation of the Knee in Active Military Servicemembers.

Background:Autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) has been shown to provide adequate durability, pain relief, and improved long-term functional outcomes in the average patient, but proof of its efficacy in individuals with greater than average physical demands is scarce. Further knowledge is required to understand which patients may benefit from ACI and to identify which risk factors are associated with failure to return to the preinjury activity level.Purpose:To determine the occupational outcomes, rates of reoperation, and variables predictive of suboptimal outcomes after ACI.Study Design:Case series; Level of evidence, 4.Methods:All active-duty military servicemembers in the United States who underwent ACI of the knee between 2004 and 2014 were identified. Demographic information, injury characteristics, surgical variables, and clinical and surgical outcomes were extracted from the medical record. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to determine significant independent predictors of clinical and surgical failures.Results:A total of 90 patients (91 knees) met the inclusion criteria. The cohort was predominantly male (86%), with a mean age of 34.5 ± 6.3 years (range, 20-50 years). The most common location of the articular cartilage lesion was the patellofemoral compartment (54 lesions, 59%), and the mean Outerbridge grade and size were 3.8 ± 0.4 and 4.00 ± 2.77 cm2 (range, 1.2-15.0 cm2), respectively. A total of 72 patients (79%) had at least 1 previous knee procedure. Nearly three-quarters of patients (71%) underwent concomitant procedures. At a mean follow-up of 59.9 ± 27.1 months (range, 24.0-140.1 months), 60% of our patients reported significant improvement in knee pain and did not require further surgical intervention. Multivariate analysis identified age <30 years as the only significant independent predictor of both clinical (P = .011) and overall failure (P = .014). Moderate-demand military occupational specialties (P = .036), exclusive involvement of the patellofemoral compartment (P = .045), and use of a periosteal patch (P = .0173) were additionally found to be independent predictors of surgical failure.Conclusion:Treatment of articular cartilage defects of the knee with ACI in physically active young individuals can return nearly two-thirds of individuals to daily activity with decreased pain and improved function. Risk factors for failure after ACI surgery were age younger than 30 years, lower demand occupation, exclusive involvement of the patellofemoral compartment, prior microfracture, and use of a periosteal patch.

Vitamin D supplementation for the management of knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.

Conflicting evidence exists concerning the supplementation of vitamin D in knee osteoarthritis condition. This systematic literature review was done to explore the effects of vitamin D supplementation in the management of knee osteoarthritis. Electronic literature search was done in databases like PubMed®, Embase®, and Cochrane CENTRAL from inception to 6th July 2016. The quality of included Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) was assessed using Cochrane risk of bias tool. We considered change in Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) index, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Functional Pain Score (FPS) as the primary outcome measure. Change in tibial cartilage thickness, joint space width and safety profile was considered as secondary outcomes. Participants were randomized either to treatment or placebo group. Participants received cholecalciferol as an intervention through oral route in the dose range of 800-60,000IU except in the one study where participants received ergocalciferol. All included RCTs showed a significant increase in serum vitamin D level in the treatment group compared to the placebo group at the end point. No significant reduction in pain and function was reported on WOMAC scale except in one study. No significant difference was reported for WOMAC stiffness in any study. VAS was assessed in three studies in which two showed statistically significant improvement in knee pain. Three of the RCTs reported safety data with one incidence of calculus ureteric and hip fracture found to be related to the drug. The study found evidence from RCTs to be insufficient to support the use of vitamin D supplementation for patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Poster 138 Significant Improvement in Knee Pain in Osteoarthritic Joints After Treatment for Hyperuricemia.

Poster 138 Significant Improvement in Knee Pain in Osteoarthritic Joints After Treatment for Hyperuricemia.

Efficacy of Blood Flow-Restricted Low-Load Resistance Training For Quadriceps Strengthening in Men at Risk of Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis

Background:Greater quadriceps strength has been associated with lower risk of symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (OA) in older adults. However, factors that confer elevated risk of knee OA (eg, sedentary lifestyle, obesity, and knee injury) also contribute to a reduced tolerance of resistance training programs at ≥60% 1-repetition maximum (1RM). Therefore, the current study assessed whether concurrent application of blood flow restriction (BFR) to low-load resistance training is an efficacious and tolerable means of improving quadriceps strength in men at risk of symptomatic knee OA.Methods:Men older than age 45, with a history of knee injury or elevated body mass index (BMI), were randomized to low-load resistance training (30% 1RM) either with or without concurrent BFR. Isotonic double-leg press strength and isokinetic knee extensor strength were assessed before and after 4 weeks of training 3 times/wk. Knee pain (Knee Osteoarthritis Outcome Score) was assessed for tolerance.Results:Of the 42 men (mean age 56.1 ± 7.7 years) who were randomized, 41 completed the program. There were no significant intergroup differences in age, BMI, knee pathology, or muscle strength at baseline. Although leg press 1RM improved in both control and BFR groups, there were no significant intergroup differences in primary or secondary measures of muscle strength. The BFR was not associated with worsening of knee pain, but there was a significant improvement in knee pain in the control group.Conclusions:In comparison with training without BFR, addition of BFR to 30% 1RM resistance training for 4 weeks did not confer significantly greater increases in leg press or quadriceps strength in older men with risk factors for symptomatic knee OA.

Effects of bariatric surgery for knee complaints in (morbidly) obese adult patients: a systematic review.

Obesity is a major risk factor for the development of knee osteoarthritis, and over the past 30 years the prevalence of obesity has more than doubled. In an advanced-stage knee osteoarthritis is treated with total knee arthroplasty, and the demand for primary total knee arthroplasties is expected to grow exponentially. However, total knee arthroplasty in obese patients is associated with more complications, longer hospital stay and higher costs. We aimed to determine the effects of bariatric surgery on knee complaints in (morbidly) obese (body mass index >30 kg m(-2) ) adult patients. The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, EMBASE, TRIP, BIOSIS-Previews and reference lists of retrieved publications were systematically searched from earliest available up to 20 April 2014 for any English, German, French and Dutch studies. There was no restriction on study design. We included studies on the effect of surgically induced weight reduction on knee complaints in (morbidly) obese adult patients, with a minimal follow-up of 3 months. Studies on the effects of lipectomy or liposuction and studies in which patients had already received a total knee arthroplasty were excluded. Thirteen studies were included in this systematic review with a total of 3,837 patients. Although different assessment tools were used, an overall significant improvement in knee pain was seen in 73% out of the used assessments. All studies measuring intensity of knee pain, knee physical function and knee stiffness showed a significant improvement after bariatric surgery. The quality of evidence was very low or too low for most of the included studies and moderate for one study. Bariatric surgery with subsequent marked weight loss is likely to improve knee pain, physical function and stiffness in (morbidly) obese adult patients. However, with the current available evidence, there is need for high-quality studies.

A Longitudinal Study of the Reliability of Acupuncture Deqi Sensations in Knee Osteoarthritis

Deqi is one of the core concepts in acupuncture theory and encompasses a range of sensations. In this study, we used the MGH Acupuncture Sensation Scale (MASS) to measure and assess the reliability of the sensations evoked by acupuncture needle stimulation in a longitudinal clinical trial on knee osteoarthritis (OA) patients. The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) was used as the clinical outcome. Thirty OA patients were randomized into one of three groups (high dose, low dose, and sham acupuncture) for 4 weeks. We found that, compared with sham acupuncture, real acupuncture (combining high and low doses) produced significant improvement in knee pain (P = .025) and function in sport (P = .049). Intraclass correlation analysis showed that patients reliably rated 11 of the 12 acupuncture sensations listed on the MASS and that heaviness was rated most consistently. Overall perceived sensation (MASS Index) (P = .014), ratings of soreness (P = .002), and aching (P = .002) differed significantly across acupuncture groups. Compared to sham acupuncture, real acupuncture reliably evoked stronger deqi sensations and led to better clinical outcomes when measured in a chronic pain population. Our findings highlight the MASS as a useful tool for measuring deqi in acupuncture research.

Ibalance osteotomy in early treatment of osteoarthritis

Ibalance osteotomy in early treatment of osteoarthritis

Potential effects of chondroitin sulfate on joint swelling: a GAIT report

The Glucosamine/chondroitin Arthritis Intervention Trial (GAIT) was a randomized double-blind placebo and active comparator (celecoxib) controlled trial of 1583 persons with symptomatic osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee(1). Patients randomized to celecoxib had significant improvement in knee pain compared to those randomized to placebo. No statistically significant improvement in knee pain compared to placebo was seen among patients randomized to the dietary supplements, although a subset of patients with moderate-to-severe knee pain at entry who were assigned to the combination of glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate did seem to experience some improvement. Additionally, patients taking chondroitin sulfate were noted to have a statistically significant improvement in knee joint swelling. An exploratory post hoc analysis of GAIT patients suggested the effect of chondroitin sulfate on joint swelling occurred more often in patients with milder pain and lower Kellgren-Lawrence Grade at entry.

517 DUROLANE PROVIDES ANTI-NOCICEPTIVE EFFECTS IN A MODEL OF ARTICULAR JOINT PAIN

KAM=0.12 and 0.05%Nm/BW.HT respectively). Function did not improve significantly following quadriceps strengthening in either alignment group but there was a significant improvement in knee pain in the more neutral group only (P< 0.001). Conclusions: Quadriceps strengthening did not have any significant effect on the KAM in participants with either more varus or more neutral alignment. The benefits of quadriceps strengthening on pain were more evident in those with more neutral alignment. Knee alignment thus represents a local mechanical factor that can mediate symptomatic outcome from exercise interventions in knee OA.

516 CURCUMIN (DIFERULOYLMETHANE) BLOCKS Il-1β STIMULATED GLYCOSAMINOGLYCAN AND PROSTAGLANDIN E 2 RELEASE FROM CARTILAGE EXPLANTS IN AN IN VITRO MODEL OF OSTEOARTHRITIS

KAM=0.12 and 0.05%Nm/BW.HT respectively). Function did not improve significantly following quadriceps strengthening in either alignment group but there was a significant improvement in knee pain in the more neutral group only (P< 0.001). Conclusions: Quadriceps strengthening did not have any significant effect on the KAM in participants with either more varus or more neutral alignment. The benefits of quadriceps strengthening on pain were more evident in those with more neutral alignment. Knee alignment thus represents a local mechanical factor that can mediate symptomatic outcome from exercise interventions in knee OA.

Does knee malalignment mediate the effects of quadriceps strengthening on knee adduction moment, pain, and function in medial knee osteoarthritis? A randomized controlled trial

To examine whether the effects of 12 weeks of quadriceps strengthening on the knee adduction moment, pain, and function in people with medial knee osteoarthritis (OA) differ in those with and without varus malalignment. A single-blind, randomized controlled trial of 107 community volunteers with medial knee OA was conducted. Participants were stratified according to knee malalignment (more varus or more neutral) and then randomized into either a 12-week supervised home-based quadriceps strengthening group or a control group with no intervention. The primary outcome was the knee adduction moment, measured using 3-dimensional gait analysis. Secondary outcomes included the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index scores (measuring pain and physical function), step test score, stair climb test score, and maximum quadriceps isometric strength. Analyses of covariance were carried out based on intent-to-treat principles. Quadriceps strengthening did not significantly alter the knee adduction moment in either the more malaligned or the more neutral group (unadjusted knee adduction moment 0.12 and 0.05% Nm/BWxHT, respectively). Function did not improve significantly following quadriceps strengthening in either alignment group, but there was a significant improvement in knee pain in the more neutrally aligned group (P < 0.001). Quadriceps strengthening did not have any significant effect on the knee adduction moment in participants with either more varus or more neutral alignment. The benefits of quadriceps strengthening on pain were more evident in those with more neutral alignment. Knee alignment thus represents a local mechanical factor that can mediate symptomatic outcome from exercise interventions in knee OA.

Ultrasonographic assessment of Baker's cysts after intra-articular corticosteroid injection in knee osteoarthritis

To assess sonographic changes in Baker's cysts (BCs) of patients with knee osteoarthritis after a single intra-articular corticosteroid injection. Thirty patients with knee osteoarthritis complicated with a symptomatic BC received a single intra-articular injection of 40 mg triamcinolone acetonide. Knee pain, swelling, and range of motion were evaluated. BC area and thickness of the cyst wall were measured with sonography before and 4 weeks after local treatment. A significant improvement in knee pain, swelling, and range of motion after corticosteroid injection was accompanied by a decrease in size of the BCs as well as in thickness of the cyst wall as measured by sonography. Moreover, the reduction of BC area on sagittal scans after treatment was significantly correlated with the improvement in range of motion. In this series of osteoarthritis patients, injection of corticosteroids inside the knee joint accounted for a reduction in BC dimensions as well as cyst wall thickness. Sonography can be used not only for the diagnosis of BCs but also to monitor response to therapy.