Previously we found a chemotactic factor selectively attractive for eosinophils in the extract from Anisakis larva and termed it eosinophil chemotactic factor of parasites (ECF-P). In this paper, we have reported that the eosinophilic phlegmonous inflammation typically observed in human anisakiasis could be experimentally reproduced by intraserosal injection of ECF-P into the ileum of rabbits. Thus, various does of ECF-P (1, 5, and 10 mg of proteins) were injected into the ileum of either normal rabbits or rabbits immunized with repeated injection of ECF-P in complete Freund's adjuvant. All rabbits from both groups (20 normal and 20 immune) have developed a significant eosinophilic inflammation at the injection site within 20 hr in a dose-dependent manner over the range of ECF-P administered. There was no significant histological difference between the lesion observed in normal rabbits and that found in immune rabbits, although it was confirmed that immune rabbits had a serum PCA-active antibody with a titer higher than 1024 while normal animals had neither detectable PCA antibody against ECF-P nor precipitable antibodies assayed by the Ouchterlony gel diffusion method. These results further support our contention that ECF-P may contribute to the development of eosinophilic phlegmonous inflammation without any immunologic intervention especially in the early phase of primary infection with anisakiasis.