Significant Difference In Time Research Articles

Clinical outcomes of baloxavir versus oseltamivir in immunocompromised patients.

Neuraminidase inhibitors, including oseltamivir, are the treatment standard for influenza. Baloxavir, a novel antiviral, demonstrated comparable outcomes to oseltamivir in outpatients with influenza. Baloxavir was equally effective as oseltamivir in a retrospective study of hospitalized patients with influenza at our institution. However, the efficacy of baloxavir in immunocompromised patients is unclear. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of immunocompromised adult patients hospitalized with influenza A who received baloxavir from January 2019 to April 2019 or oseltamivir from January 2018 to April 2018. Demographic and clinical outcomes were assessed. Primary outcomes were time from antiviral initiation to resolution of hypoxia and fever. Secondary outcomes were length of stay (LOS), intensive care unit (ICU) care, ICU LOS, and 30-day mortality. Of 95 total patients, 52 received baloxavir and 43 received oseltamivir. Other than younger age (57.5vs. 65; p = .035) and longer duration between vaccination and symptom onset (114vs. 86 days; p = .001) in the baloxavir group, baseline characteristics did not differ. H1 was the predominant subtype in the baloxavir group (65.3%) versus H3 in the oseltamivir group (85.7%). When comparing baloxavir to oseltamivir, there was no significant difference in median time from antiviral initiation to resolution of hypoxia (59.9vs. 42.5 h) and to resolution of fever (21.6vs. 26.6 h). There were no differences in secondary outcomes. Baloxavir was not associated with longer time to resolution of hypoxia or fever in comparison to oseltamivir. Results must be taken in context of variations in seasonal influenza subtype and resistance rates.

(086) Retrospective Concomitant Nonrandomized Comparison of Testosterone Replacement Therapy versus No Treatment for Erectile Function Post Radical Prostatectomy

Abstract Introduction Recent studies have shown that testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) can be safely applied in men with low-risk prostate cancer. Objective To assess TRT versus no TRT 2-year potency outcomes in hypogonadal men aged ≥ 60. Methods Retrospective concomitant nonrandomized comparison of 70 hypogonadal men, aged 60 or older, were stratified by TRT post-RP. Baseline demographics, total testosterone (TT) calculated free testosterone (cFT), and comorbidities prior to RP were measured from October 2016 – October 2020. Sexual function was assessed via the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) pre-and post-surgery. Potency (evaluated at 3-, 9-, 15-, and 24-months post-RP) was defined as erections sufficient for penetration and satisfying, and/or erection fullness >75%, and/or a score of 5 on Q1 (IIEF-5; confidence). T-tests, chi-square, and regression analyses were performed. Results Potency at 2 years was 63.6% (TRT) versus 35.1% (No TRT; p=0.017). Regression analysis showed that TRT was a predictor of potency outcomes 2 years post-RP (OR: 3.33; 95% CI: 1.16-10.3; p=0.029) after adjusting for age and Gleason Grade Group. There were no statistically significant differences in baseline factors between the TRT-receiving and no-TRT groups. BCR rates between the two groups were 12.1% (TRT) versus 27.0% (no TRT; p=0.12) with a mean follow-up time of 40.2 ± 13.6 months. Kaplan Meier analysis demonstrated a trend toward a significant difference in time to BCR (p=0.078). Conclusions In hypogonadal men aged ≥ 60, TRT significantly improved potency outcomes 2-years post-RP. The risk of BCR overall in men receiving TRT was lower but not statistically significant. Disclosure Any of the authors act as a consultant, employee or shareholder of an industry for: Faysal A Yafi, MD – Advisory board and speaker for Coloplast; consultant for Cynosure; advisory board and speaker for Halozyme; intellectual property with Masimo; advisory board for Promescent; consultant for Sprout; advisory board for Xialla.

(344) Evaluating Time to Conception Changes Over Two Decades

Abstract Introduction The time to conception is an essential factor that influences reproductive outcomes, and understanding its variance aids in appropriate family planning. Factors such as Body Mass Index (BMI), polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), and maternal age significantly impact time to conception. Our study explores these factors in the light of the perceived increase in conception time over the last decade. Existing data show a decrease in births per woman worldwide over several decades; however, there is a lack evidence to prove if this trend is due to fertility or volition. Our goal was to observe whether or not a true increase in time to conception exists. Objective The study aimed to discern whether time to conception has increased over the past decade compared to the previous decade. The secondary aim was to explore the relationship between conception time and several variables, including BMI, PCOS, maternal age, and lifestyle habits. Methods We employed Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk) to conduct an online survey of 12 questions. The study population consisted of pregnant women from the year 2000 onwards. The survey assessed a range of factors: maternal and paternal age, pregnancy year, physical activity levels, tobacco and alcohol use, BMI, race/ethnicity, certain aspects of medical history, months to conception, and total number of gestations. Univariable logistic regression models were employed to assess the correlation between these factors and conception time. Results The results from 852 respondents showed no significant differences in time to conception when comparing individuals who became pregnant post-2012 versus pre-2012. However, several factors significantly influenced conception time. Mothers who exercised more than 150 minutes per week or had endometriosis, history of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), or PCOS were 1.4, 1.7, 1.7, and 2.4 times more likely, respectively, to have longer times to conception (>= 6 months) (p < 0.05). Additionally, paternal factors such as undergoing chemotherapy, having testicular cancer, or varicocele were associated with 1.7, 1.6, and 3.5 times longer conception times, respectively (p < 0.05). Conclusions Although there was no apparent increase in time to conception over the past decade, several factors were significantly associated with extended conception time. These include maternal factors like physical activity, endometriosis, PID, and PCOS, as well as paternal factors like undergoing chemotherapy, having testicular cancer or varicocele. The current guidelines recommend a twelve-month period of attempting conception before pursuing fertility assessment. This study implies that a reevaluation of these guidelines may be warranted. It is plausible that women with one or more of these risk factors should be advised to seek medical attention earlier than twelve months, or even prior to attempting conception. Understanding these relationships provides valuable insights for family planning and infertility treatment, underscoring the importance of comprehensive health and lifestyle evaluation in couples planning to conceive. Future studies should focus on developing targeted interventions to optimize these factors and potentially reduce conception time. Disclosure No.

(386) Eight-Dot Extended Corporotomy Versus Conventional Corporotomy for Malleable Penile Prosthesis Implantation

Abstract Introduction To date, malleable type penile prosthesis implantation (MPPI) remains the more popular in developing countries, owing to its relative economic cost. Despite the simplicity of the procedure, there still may be areas of improvement and refinement to optimize procedure efficiency and accuracy subsequently improving postoperative outcomes while reducing complication risk. Objective We aimed to compare between the eight-dot extended corporotomy technique and the conventional corporotomy techniques for MPPI with regards to operative time and postoperative complications. Methods We conducted a prospective randomized interventional clinical study on 51 subjects. Patients were randomized into 2 groups: eight-dot group (n=27) and conventional group (n=24). The eight-dot group underwent MPPI using the eight-dot extended corporotomy as previously described (VJPU - Eight-dot Extended Corporotomy: A More Secure, Aesthetic and Time Efficient Technique for Semirigid Penile Prosthesis Implantation, n.d.). The conventional group underwent MPPI using conventional limited corporotomies that were closed via continuous running sutures. We compared between both groups in terms of corporotomy opening to closure time, overall procedure time and perioperative complications. The follow up period was 3 months. Results Upon timing in seconds (s), a significant time difference between the 2 groups was demonstrated for suture placement, corporotomy incision and implant placement, corporotomy closure, and total procedure duration. Although patients in the eight-dot group required longer time for suture placement vs the conventional group (486 vs 201 s, respectively, p < 0.001), the durations for the remaining implantation steps as well as the whole procedure were significantly shorter for the former group. Corporotomy opening followed by implant placement took significantly less time for the eight-dot group (1090 s) vs the conventional group (1313 s), p <0.001. Moreover, insertion of implant rods were subjectively easier with no need for aggressive bending owing to the extended corporotomy length. Similarly, corporotomy closure using the 8-dot technique was 10.13 minutes swifter than the conventional group (220 s vs. 828 s, respectively, p < 0.001). The total procedure length was over 8 minutes shorter for the eight-dot group opposed to the conventional group (2527 vs 3027 s, respectively, p < 0.001). In terms of postoperative complications in the form of pain, swelling, hematoma, and infection, there were no significant differences between both groups. Conclusions The eight-dot extended corporotomy technique is a safe and time-saving approach compared to the conventional limited corporotomy technique, making the MPPI procedure more efficient. A swifter procedure decreases both patient exposure to anesthesia and device exposure to air which in turn lowers the risk for potential postoperative complications. Disclosure No.

An Approach to Establishing Diagnostic Reference Levels in Interventional Pediatric Cardiology from Different Regions of Brazil.

Diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) are a pivotal strategy to be implemented since pediatric interventional cardiology procedures are increasing. This work aimed to propose an initial set of Brazilian DRLs for pediatric interventional diagnostic and therapeutic (D&T) procedures. A retrospective study was carried out in four Brazilian states, distributed across the three regions of the country. Data were collected from pediatric patients undergoing cardiac interventional procedures (CIPs), including their age and anthropometric characteristics, and at least four parameters (number of images, exposure time, air kerma-area product-PKA, and cumulative air kerma). Data from 279 patients undergoing CIPs were gathered (147 diagnostic and 132 therapeutic procedures). There were no significant differences in exposure time and the number of images between the D&T procedures. A wide range of PKA was observed when the therapeutic procedures were compared to diagnostics for all age groups. There were significant differences between the D&T procedures, whether grouping data by patient weight or age. In terms of cumulative air kerma, it was noted that no value exceeded the level to trigger a monitoring process for patients. This study shows that it is possible to adopt them as the first proposal to establish national DRLs considering pediatric patient groups.

Comparative evaluation of double- and single-armed two-suture longitudinal intussusception techniques in microsurgical vasoepididymostomy: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

This study aimed to compare the outcomes of double-armed two-suture longitudinal intussusception microsurgical vasoepididymostomy (LIVE) and single-armed two-suture LIVE techniques in patients with epididymal obstructive azoospermia (EOA). The main outcomes assessed were patency rates, patency time, semen quality and natural pregnancy rates. Data from patients with EOA who underwent two-suture LIVE were obtained from databases including PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science. Weighted data were analyzed using a random-effects model, and weighted mean differences were reported. A total of 1574 patients with EOA from 24 studies were included. The overall patency rate was approximately 68% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 63-72%), with a patency time of approximately 4.63 months (95% CI: 4.15-5.12). The sperm concentration reached 26.90 million/ml and the sperm motility was 23.74%. The natural pregnancy rate was 38% (95% CI: 31-46%). The different definitions of patency do not seem to have any meaningful impact when comparing patency rates. There was no significant difference in patency rates, patency time, semen quality and natural pregnancy rates between the double-armed and single-armed LIVE techniques. The single-armed LIVE is a potential alternative surgical option when high quality double-needle sutures are not easily accessible.

(390) A Preliminary Analysis of Outcomes and Complication Rates for Patients Undergoing Inflatable Penile Prosthesis Implantation following Intracavernosal Injection Therapy With or Without Concurrent Anticoagulation

Abstract Introduction Medications, namely antiplatelets (AP) and anticoagulation (AC), are effective at avoiding fatal vascular complications and prolonging the lives of our patients. As such, more and more men seeking treatment for erectile dysfunction (ED) also take blood thinners. This is an interaction we must better understand to provide safe, individualized care to our patients and minimize peri-operative morbidity. Currently, there is no published information on whether differences exist in the escalation of treatment for patients with erectile dysfunction and on AC. A previous study has demonstrated no statistically significant difference in complications between AC and non-AC groups while on ICI, despite there being a higher rate of absolute bleeding events for AC patients. Objective To compare outcomes and complication rates in patients undergoing IPP implantation following ICI therapy with or without concurrent anticoagulation. Methods A retrospective observational study was undertaken. Electronic patient records from January to September 2021 were reviewed. Included patients were those who had either currently or previously utilized ICI therapy for ED treatment. ICI therapy surveys and Erectile Dysfunction Inventory for Treatment Satisfaction (EDITS) questionnaire were obtained. 85 patients met the inclusion criteria; 43 concurrently using AC during ICI therapy and 42 with no AC use. Patients who were unable to completely stop their AC medications a week before surgery due to cardiovascular concerns or recommendations, underwent bridging with a shorter half life and reversible AC. Extra measures taken during the IPP for such patients, including meticulous hemostasis, compression dressing and drain insertion. Additional data regarding IPP implantation as well as any complications or infections experienced following IPP surgery which were compared between the AC and no AC groups. Results Patient demographics, IPP implantation information and subsequent complication rates are listed below in Table 1. There was no statistically significant difference in the rate of patients who underwent IPP placement between the AC and no AC cohorts. Moreover, there was also no statistically significant difference in median time from date of initial ICI usage to time of IPP placement as well as median time from IPP placement to last follow-up. Among the 12 total patients who underwent IPP placement, none experienced any complications, including infection, mechanical failure, device removal or revision at any time point up to last follow-up (longest was 18 months). No statistically significant differences in EDITS score between both groups was observed. Conclusions These preliminary findings, while requiring large-scale follow up, show that there is no statistically significant difference in rate of patients opting for IPP surgery following initiation of ICI therapy regardless of concomitant AC usage as well as the rate of complications following IPP implantation. Lastly, there is no drawbacks in performing such procedure in this specific cohort of patients, provided that all necessary measures are taken into consideration to minimize bleeding complications. Disclosure No.

Clinical Efficacy of Modified Nonmesh Sacral Colpopexy for Pelvic Organ Prolapse

Importance As an increasing number of mesh-related complications have been reported, the availability of nonmesh alternatives becomes crucial for situations where mesh is not desired or unavailable. A new modified procedure of nonmesh laparoscopic sacral colpopexy (LSC) was performed in our department, which used a nonabsorbable polyester suture (Ethibond) combined with uterosacral ligament suspension. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of the modified procedure in comparison with traditional LSC in patients with pelvic organ prolapse. Methods This retrospective study assessed the treatment outcomes of 60 patients who were underwent LSC with or without mesh from January 2017 to April 2019. Patients were divided into 2 groups based on the presence or absence of mesh during the operation: mesh group (n = 34) and nonmesh group (n = 26). General data, perioperative indexes, postoperative complications, and recurrence rates were comparatively analyzed between 2 groups. Results In perioperative indexes, the nonmesh group exhibited shorter operation time (P < 0.001) and less intraoperative blood loss compared with the mesh group (P = 0.004). There was no significant difference in postoperative indwelling urinary catheter duration (P = 0.425) and hospitalization time (P = 0.827) between the 2 groups. In postoperative complications, the incidence of postoperative complications showed no significant difference between the 2 groups (P > 0.05). No occurrences of mesh exposure and erosion were observed in the mesh group during at least a 2-year follow-up period. In postoperative recurrence, none of the patients in either group experienced prolapse recurrence. Conclusions In comparison with the traditional LSC with mesh, the modified laparoscopic nonmesh sacral colpopexy presents advantages of reduced surgical trauma, less pain, and lower cost. However, a long-term and large sample study is required for evaluating the surgery’s long-term efficacy.

Effects of Aqua-acupuncture on Wound Healing in Rainbow Trout

This study investigated the effect of a single aqua-acupuncture (aqua-AP) treatment on wound healing after surgical ventral incision in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Three experiments were conducted using 20 fish per experiment (10 aqua-AP, 10 non-acupuncture): 1) ventral incision closed with two sutures and insertion of an acoustic transmitter, 2) ventral incision closed with two sutures (no transmitter), and 3) unclosed ventral incision. Aqua-acupuncture was performed by injecting a 0.25 mL bleb of vitamin B12 - saline mixture intramuscularly at 4 points around the surgical site. Statistical differences between aqua-AP and non-acupuncture for survival, transmitter retention, wound closure and redness (inflammation) were conducted (p<0.05). Experiment 1 had significantly lower (p=0.007) redness scores with aqua-AP treatment when compared to non-acupuncture. In the second and third experiments, there were no significant differences in wound closure times or redness, and acoustic transmitter retention was not significantly different between treatments. Experiment 3 had granuloma formation (50% both groups) in place of skin edge closure at 6 weeks. By study termination (12 weeks), only 1 aqua-AP fish still had a granuloma compared to 4 fish in non-acupuncture (p<0.04). There were no significant differences in wound closure times (aqua-AP versus non-acupuncture). While the overall results of this study were inconclusive for wound healing time, the decreased redness (Experiment 1) and improved granuloma resolution (Experiment 3) suggest that there may be potential benefit from aqua-AP use in rainbow trout wound healing. Aqua-AP appears safe to use on fish with future research directed at technique refinement.

Abstract WMP30: Real World Experience With Tenecteplase on a Mobile Stroke Unit

Background: Tenecteplase (TNK) administered on a mobile stroke unit (MSU) has demonstrated superior rates of early reperfusion compared to alteplase. Current guidelines include TNK as a second-tier option for large vessel occlusions as TNK has many benefits, including rapid IV administration and ease of dosing. The objective of this study was to describe real world utilization of TNK on a MSU. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study of patients receiving TNK as compared to alteplase between February 2021 and April 2023 at a large academic comprehensive stroke center. Baseline demographics, GCS, NIHSS, as well as time of initial imaging were collected. Primary endpoint was time from MSU door to thrombolytic administration. Secondary endpoints included: MSU door to imaging interpretation, dispatch to thrombolytic administration, and provider decision time to thrombolytic administration. Safety endpoints included symptomatic ICH within 24 hours. Results: During the studied time period 40 patients received alteplase and 32 patients received TNK on the MSU. The median age was 65.7 years and median NIHSS score was 9. There was no difference in time from MSU door to thrombolytic administration (15 vs 17.5, p=0.30). There was also no difference in time from MSU door to imaging interpretation, dispatch to thrombolytic administration, or provider decision time to thrombolytic administration. No hemorrhagic conversion occurred. Conclusion: This is the largest series to date describing real-world utilization of TNK administration in a MSU. There were no significant differences in time to therapy in any of the time points evaluated. This data is promising for the treatment of ischemic stroke in which time to administration of thrombolytic therapy is paramount and TNK is administered as a rapid IV injection as compared to alteplase infusion.

Comparing Intracanalicular and Topical Steroid Use in Patients Undergoing Pterygium Surgery.

The study received funding from Ocular Therapeutix, Inc., Bedford, MA.We undertook this study to compare the efficacy of intracanalicular dexamethasone 0.4 mg with topical prednisolone acetate (PA) 1% in controlling postoperative pain and inflammation in patients undergoing pterygium surgery. This was an open-label, prospective, interventional, nonrandomized comparative trial. Thirty patients were assigned to one of the following groups: Group A [intracanalicular insert of 0.4 mg dexamethasone placed into upper and lower puncta during the procedure, followed by at postoperative month 1 visit institution of topical PA 1% twice daily × 2 weeks then once daily × 2 weeks] or Group B [nonintervention group with institution on postoperative day 1 topical PA 1% every 2 hours × 2 weeks then four times per day × 2 weeks then twice daily × 2 weeks then once daily × 2 weeks]. Fifteen cases and 15 controls were enrolled. There was no statistical difference in patient-reported pain or satisfaction between the case and control groups at 1 day; 1 week; and 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively. There was no significant difference in time to an ocular hyperemia score of 0 between the two groups. There was no difference in the rate of corneal reepithelialization and recurrence rate (two controls). Nine eyes had transient ocular hypertension (seven cases and two controls). Intracanalicular dexamethasone 0.4 mg may reduce the medication burden for patients who need prolonged postoperative steroid therapy as is routine in the setting of pterygium surgery. It is a safe and effective alternative to PA 1% drops alone for postoperative control of pain and inflammation in pterygium surgery.

Efficacy of Serratus Anterior Plane Block Versus Paravertebral and Intercostal Blocks for Pain Control After Surgery:: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Our study aimed to compare the analgesic efficacy of serratus anterior plane block (SAB) with the paravertebral block (PVB) and intercostal block (ICB) for patients undergoing surgical procedures. A literature search was performed on the databases of ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Embase from inception to October 24, 2021. Only randomized controlled trials comparing SAB with either PVB or ICB and reporting pain outcomes were included. A total of 16 randomized controlled trials were included. Thirteen compared SAB with PVB and 3 with ICB. Comparing SAB with PVB, we noted no difference in 24-hour morphine consumption between the groups (mean difference: 1.37; 95% CI: -0.33, 3.08; I2 = 96%; P = 0.11). However, the exclusion of 1 study indicated significantly increased analgesic consumption with the SAB. No difference was found in pain scores between SAB and PVB at 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, and 24 hours. Meta-analysis failed to demonstrate any statistically significant difference in time to the first analgesic request between the two groups (mean difference: -0.79; 95% CI: -0.17, 1.75; I2 = 94%; P = 0.11). We also noted no statistically significant difference in the incidence of nausea/vomiting with SAB or PVB (odds ratio: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.41, 1.51; I2 = 0%; P = 0.47). Evidence on the analgesic efficacy of the SAB versus the PVB is conflicting. Twenty-four-hour total analgesic consumption may be higher with the SAB as compared with PVB but with no difference in pain scores and time to the first analgesic request. Data on the comparison of the SAB with the ICB is insufficient to draw strong conclusions.

Abstract TP142: Perfusion Profiles to Identify Acute Extracranial Internal Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis-Related Stroke Prior to Endovascular Therapy

Introduction: Perfusion imaging has been used to assess collateral status in patients with acute ischemic stroke secondary to anterior large-vessel occlusion. We aimed to evaluate the hypoperfusion intensity ratio (HIR), a surrogate of collateral status, in acute stroke secondary to extracranial atherosclerosis disease (AD) compared with extracranial non-AD etiologies prior to EVT. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data of consecutive EVT stroke patients in our prospectively collected registry from January 2019 to December 2022. Inclusion criteria: patients with anterior circulation stroke with concomitant extracranial internal carotid artery (ICA) disease with 70-100% stenosis per NASCET criteria and patients who underwent computed tomography perfusion (CTP) before EVT. Patients were divided into those with extracranial AD and non-AD based on clinical and radiological characteristics. HIR was calculated as the volume of ischemic brain tissue with a Tmax>10s divided by a Tmax>6s. A relative CBF<30% was also obtained. Multivariable regression was used to identify the HIR independently associated with extracranial ICA AD-related stroke; adjusted odds ratio with 95%CIs were calculated using the non-AD group as a reference. Results: Among all 624 EVT patients, 79 met inclusion criteria. Of these patients (21 women [36.2%]; median age 67 [60-75] years), 58 (72.5%) had extracranial ICA AD. Patients in the AD group had significantly lower CBF<30% (median 8ml [0-17] vs 19ml [9-36]), lower Tmax>10s (median 29ml [11-69] vs 68ml [38-117]), and lower HIR (median 0.27 [0.13-0.45] vs 0.49 [0.42-0.59]). There was no significant difference in time from last know well to CTP between groups. Lower HIR was independently associated with AD after adjusting for variables related to AD (Figure1). Conclusions: Low HIR values was a predictor of stroke secondary to extracranial ICA AD and could be helpful to differentiate from other non-AD etiologies prior to EVT.

The Adherence to an Intraoperative Blood Product Transfusion Algorithm Is Associated With Reduced Blood Product Transfusions in Cardiac Surgical Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafts and Aortic and/or Valve Replacement Surgery: A Single-Center, Observational Study

Objective(s)To demonstrate the value of a viscoelastic-based intraoperative transfusion algorithm to reduce blood product administration in adult cardiac surgical patients. DesignProspective observational. SettingQuaternary academic teaching hospital. ParticipantsCardiac surgical patients. InterventionsViscoelastic-based intraoperative transfusion algorithm. Measurements and Main ResultsWe compared intraoperative blood product transfusion rates in 184 cardiac surgical patients to 236 historical controls after implementing a viscoelastic-based algorithm. We found a 43.9% reduction in RBC units transfused (1.98 units ±2.24 vs 0.55 ±1.36; p=0.008). We found a reduction in transfusion of 23.8% for FFP (0.84 units ±1.4 vs 0.64 ±1.38; p=ns), 33.4% for platelets (0.90 units ±1.39 vs 0.60 ±131; p=ns), and 15.8% for cryoprecipitate (0.19 units ±0.54 vs 0.16 ±0.50; p=ns). There was no statistically significant difference in time to extubation (8.0 hours [4.0, 21.0] vs 8.0 [4.0, 22.3], reoperation for bleeding (15 (12.3%) vs 10 (10.6%), ICU LOS (51.0 hours [28.0, 100.5] vs. 53.5 [33.3, 99.0]) or hospital length of stay (9.0 days [6.0, 15.0] vs. 10.0 [7.0, 17.0]). Deviation from algorithm adherence was 32.7% (48/147). PRBC, FFP, platelets, cryoprecipitate and cell saver were significantly reduced in the Algorithm Compliant Cohort compared with Historical Controls while times to extubation, ICU and hospital lengths of stay did not reach significance. ConclusionsFollowing implementation of a viscoelastic-based algorithm, patients received fewer PRBC, FFP, platelets, cryoprecipitate and cell saver. Algorithm Compliant patients received fewer transfusions; however, reductions in times to extubation, ICU and hospital lengths of stay were not statistically significant compared with historical controls.

Academic Half Day Improves Resident Perception of Education Without Compromising Patient Safety

BackgroundResidency programs are required to offer a didactic curriculum and protect resident time for education. Our institution implemented an academic half day (AHD) in the 2021–2022 academic year to address issues related to the standard noon conference series. ObjectiveDetermine the impact of AHD implementation on education, patient safety, and workflow. MethodsThis was a prospective, single-site educational intervention study. Pre- and post-implementation surveys and Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) surveys assessed changes in trainee and faculty attitudes and behaviors. Patient safety and workflow were evaluated by comparing the number of safety event reports, rapid response team activations, time to admission from the ED, and time of discharge on AHD days compared to other weekdays. ResultsSurvey response rates were: residents 68%/48%, fellows 42%/35%, and faculty 59%/29%. AHD was associated with a significant, positive change in resident attitudes and experiences and on ACGME survey items. On AHDs compared with other weekdays, there were no significant differences in safety event report rates (P = .98), nor in rapid response team activation rates (P = .99). There was not a clinically meaningful difference in median admission time from the ED on AHD weekdays (125 minutes) compared to other weekdays (130 minutes, P = .04). There was no significant difference in median discharge time on AHD vs other weekdays (P = .13). ConclusionsThis study suggests that there is no significant difference in patient safety or workflow with the implementation of AHD. This study supports prior studies that residents strongly prefer AHD. AHD may be a useful framework for resident education without compromising patient care.

Analysis of surgical site infection and tumour-specific survival rate in patients with renal cell carcinoma after laparoscopic radical nephrectomy.

Surgical site infections (SSIs) may pose a significant risk to patients undergoing surgery. This study aims to explore the risk factors for SSIs in patients undergoing laparoscopic radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma and the impact of infection on tumour-specific survival (CSS) after nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma. To explore the risk factors for SSIs in patients undergoing laparoscopic radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma and the impact of infection on tumour-specific survival (CSS) after nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 400 patients in our hospital from June 2021 to June 2023. This study divided patients into two groups: those with SSI and those without SSI. Collect general data and information related to the operating room. Clearly defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Select surgical time, laminar mobile operating room use, and intraoperative hypothermia as observation indicators. Perform statistical analysis using SPSS 25.0 software, including univariate, multivariate, and survival analyses of wound-infected and uninfected patients. Out of 400 patients, 328 had no SSIs, 166 died during follow-up, 72 had SSIs, and 30 died during follow-up. There was no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05) in comparing primary data between individuals without SSIs and those with SSIs. There were statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in surgical time, nonlaminar flow operating room use, and intraoperative hypothermia. The postoperative survival time of SSI patients with a tumour diameter of 7.0-9.9 cm was significantly longer than that of SSI patients, and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). The occurrence of severe infection in patients with other tumour diameters did not affect postoperative survival, and the difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). After multiple factor analysis, it was found that severe infection can prolong the postoperative survival of patients with tumour diameter exceeding 7 cm (HR = 0.749, p < 0.05). This study identified nonlaminar flow operating rooms, prolonged surgical time, and intraoperative hypothermia as significant risk factors for SSIs. After nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma patients with a tumour diameter of 7-9.9 μ m, perioperative infection can prolong their survival. However, it has no significant effect on patients with other tumour diameters.

A nationwide analysis of the treatment patterns, survival, and medical costs in Korean patients with relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Approximately one-third of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) are refractory to treatment or experience relapse after initial therapy. Unfortunately, treatment options for older patients and those who experience relapse or become refractory to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) are limited. This nationwide population-based study aimed to identify treatment patterns, survival times, and treatment costs in patients with relapsed/refractory DLBCL (R/R DLBCL). Between 2011 and 2020, data on patients with R/R DLBCL were retrieved from the Korean Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service, encompassing the entire population. We identified the treatment patterns for each treatment line using a Sankey diagram and calculated the median time to the subsequent treatment in line. Median overall and progression-free survival times were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier survival curves. Finally, the medical costs incurred during DLBCL treatment were calculated for each treatment line and the costs related to HSCT were summarized at the episode level. A total of 864 patients with R/R DLBCL who received second-line treatment were identified, and a regimen of ifosfamide, carboplatin, and etoposide (ICE) was administered the most. Among them, 353 were refractory or relapsed cases that were treated with third-line treatments. The median times for second-line to third-line, third-line to fourth-line, fourth-line to fifth-line, and fifth-line to sixth-line treatment failures gradually decreased (3.93, 2.86, 1.81, and 1.38 months, respectively). The median overall survival time was 8.90 and 4.73 months following the second-line and third-line treatments, respectively. In the third-line treatment setting, the patients did not show a significant difference in survival time after HSCT. The median medical cost was $39,491 across all treatment lines including the cost of HSCT which was $22,054. The treatment patterns in patients with R/R DLBCL, especially at third-line treatments and thereafter, were complicated, and their prognosis was poor despite the high medical costs. Novel and effective treatment options are expected to improve the prognosis and alleviate the economic burden of patients with R/R DLBCL.

Relationship between paravertebral muscle function, pelvic incidence, and health-related quality of life in patients with degenerative spinal deformity

BackgroundPatients with degenerative spinal deformity often experience symptoms that seriously affect their quality of life, such as low back pain and dysfunction. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between paravertebral muscle function and pelvic incidence (PI) and their effect on health-related quality of life (HRQL) in patients with degenerative spinal deformity.MethodsA total of 112 patients with degenerative spinal deformity in Southwest Hospital (Chongqing, China) were enrolled. They were divided into groups according to PI angle: high (PI > 60°, n = 37), normal (PI 50°–60°, n = 31), and low (PI < 50°, n = 44). Paravertebral muscle strength and endurance were assessed using the prone external fixation test frame. The sagittal vertical axis (SVA) was measured on X-rays of the spine in an anterolateral position, and all subjects were assessed with the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Roland–Morris questionnaire (RMQ), and 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). Pearson or Spearman coefficients were used to assess the relationship of paravertebral muscle function with SVA, PI, and health-related quality of life.ResultsMaximal voluntary exercise (MVE) in the high-PI group was significantly lower than the MVE of both the normal- and low-PI groups (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in MVE between the normal- and low-PI groups (p > 0.05). There was no significant difference in endurance time, SVA, ODI, RMQ, and SF-36 among the three groups. Paravertebral muscle MVE was negatively correlated with PI, SVA, ODI, and RMQ (r = − 0.193, − 0.210, − 0.283, − 0.277, p < 0.05). Endurance time of paravertebral muscle was also negatively correlated with SVA, ODI, and RMQ (r = − 0.200, − 0.420, − 0.348, p < 0.05) and positively correlated with SF-36 (r = 0.245, p < 0.05). In addition, paravertebral muscle MVE was positively correlated with the physical functioning score of the SF-36 (r = 0.251, p < 0.05), and the endurance time of paravertebral muscle was positively correlated with the physical functioning, physical role, bodily pain, and social function scores of the SF-36 (r = 0.342, 0.230, 0.209, 0.256, p < 0.05).ConclusionsHigh PI may serve as a risk factor for decreased paraspinal muscle strength in patients with degenerative spinal deformities. Early and targeted exercises focusing on paraspinal muscle strength and endurance could potentially be of positive significance in slowing down the progression of sagittal imbalance, alleviating functional disorders, and increasing health-related quality of life in patients with degenerative spinal deformity.

Comparative study of each surgical step in radical prostatectomy under 3D and 2D laparoscopy.

Comparing the specific advantages and surgical outcomes of each step in radical prostatectomy under 3D vs. 2D laparoscopy. From October 2019 to January 2023, our urology department treated 63 cases of prostate cancer, using an odd-even arrangement method to divide into two groups. This is a non-randomized prospective study, with 33 odd-numbered cases in the 3D group and 30 even-numbered cases in the 2D group. The surgery was divided into four steps: (1) establishing an extraperitoneal pneumoperitoneum (2) pelvic lymph node dissection (3)excising the prostate (4)bladder-urethral anastomosis, comparing the two groups in terms of surgical time, blood loss, and relevant postoperative indicators for each step. All 63 surgeries were successfully completed without any conversions. Comparing 3D and 2D laparoscopy groups, there were statistically significant differences in total surgery time (123.5 ± 15.3 min vs. 145.6 ± 17.2 min, P < 0.05), total blood loss (198.3 ± 18.4 ml vs. 243.1 ± 20.1 ml, P < 0.05), prostate excision time (55.1 ± 8.4 min vs. 67.2 ± 9.3 min, P < 0.05) and blood loss (101.6 ± 12.2 ml vs. 123.8 ± 14.1 ml, P < 0.05), bladder-urethral anastomosis time (30.5 ± 4.3 min vs. 37.6 ± 5.1 min, P < 0.05) and blood loss (62.7 ± 9.7 ml vs. 82.5 ± 8.2 ml, P < 0.05). There were no statistical differences in the time and blood loss during the establishment of extraperitoneal pneumoperitoneum and the cleaning of pelvic lymph nodes (P > 0.05). In terms of urinary incontinence rates, the 3D laparoscopy group was lower than the 2D group, and in terms of preserving erectile function, the 3D group was higher than the 2D group, with significant statistical differences (P < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of postoperative drainage days, hospitalization days, hospitalization costs, time of catheter removaland positive margin rates (P > 0.05). Compared to traditional 2D laparoscopy, 3D laparoscopy can shorten the operation time and reduce bleeding in the steps of prostate excision and bladder-urethral anastomosis, but there was no significant difference in peri-operative outcomes.

The Efficacy of Daily Administration of Nebulized Heparin on the Prevention of Endotracheal Tube Blockage in Patients With Pneumonia.

Nosocomial infections pose a significant public health concern, impacting over 100 million people worldwide annually. Within this research, we investigated heparin nebulization through the endotracheal tube and its effect on preventing blockage due to clots and mucus plugs compared to normal saline. A double-blind clinical experiment was done on a cohort of 40 pneumonia patients who were intubated and hospitalized in theintensive care unit (ICU) at Imam Khomeini Hospital in Ahvaz, Iran. The individuals were randomly assigned to two groups of 20 patients using a random allocation technique. The initial cohort was administered 5000 IU of heparin diluted in 4 ccs of 0.9% normal saline every eight hours via a nebulizer through a tracheal tube. In contrast, the second cohort was given 5 ccs of normal saline as a nebulizer through a tracheal tube. The study compared the incidence of tracheal tube obstruction caused by mucus plug or clot, the occurrence of patient hypoxia resulting in emergency tracheal tube replacement, and the frequency of emergency tracheal tube suction due to partial obstruction caused by mucus plug in both the heparin and saline groups. According to our data, the number of patients in the heparin group who could avoid the need for emergency tracheal tube replacement owing to blockage was more significant than in the ordinary saline group (P=0.013). Heparin was significantly correlated with the number of times emergency suction was required to remove a tracheal tube occlusion (P=0.01). Heparin had no significant effect on coagulation factors (international normalized ratio [INR], platelet[PLT], and partial thromboplastin time [PTT]), Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) score, pneumonia severity index (PSI), saturation of patients, or tracheal tube secretions. There was no statistically significant difference in total time spent in the intensive care unit (P=0.91). Further studies are suggested to determine the effect of heparin nebulization on preventing endotracheal tube obstruction due to clots and mucus plugs in intubated ICU patients.