Significant Differences In Serum Vitamin Research Articles

Vitamin D status and tic disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

Tic disorders (TD) are a common neurodevelopmental disorder, it can be divided into transient tic disorder (TTD), chronic motor or vocal tic disorder (CTD), and Tourette syndrome (TS). Our research is to evaluate the clinical relationship between tic disorders and vitamin D level in children. Online databases, including CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, Cochrane Library, PubMed and Embase digital knowledge service platform, were checked up to June 2022 for relevant observational studies published in Chinese and English. A random-effects model was incorporated to summarize the study results. The RevMan5.3 software was used for meta-analysis. Out of 132 retrieved articles, 13 observational studies were eligible for inclusion in the systematic review and meta-analysis, comparing serum Vitamin D levels between children with TD and HC (healthy controls), including different subtypes of TD (TTD, CTD and TS). The results showed that the serum vitamin D levels in the TD group were lower than those in the HC group (MD = -6.64, 95% CI: -9.36 to -3.93, P < 0.001, Heterogeneity test: P < 0.001, I2 = 94%). There were no statistically significant differences in serum vitamin D levels between the TTD group and the CTD group (MD = 3.84, 95% CI: -0.59 to 8.26, P = 0.09, Heterogeneity test: P < 0.001, I2 = 90%), or between the CTD group and the TS group (MD = 1.06, 95% CI: -0.04 to 2.16, P = 0.0, Heterogeneity test: P = 0.54, I2 = 0%). However, there was a statistically significant difference in serum vitamin D levels between the TTD group and the TS group (MD = 5.24, 95% CI: 0.68-9.80, P = 0.02, Heterogeneity test: P < 0.001, I2 = 92%). The study also found a statistically significant difference in the ratio of male children between the TD group and the HC group (OR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.07-2.03, P = 0.02, Heterogeneity test: P < 0.001, I2 = 74%), but no statistically significant difference in the age of children between the TD group and the HC group (OR = 0.46, 95% CI: -0.33 to 1.24, P = 0.25, Heterogeneity test: P < 0.001, I2 = 96%). Our meta-analysis showed that the vitamin D level of children with TD was lower than that of healthy children. However, there was no difference between the subgroup. Due to the limitations of included studies in research design and diagnostic criteria, large samples, multi-center and high-quality studies are still needed for further analysis and confirmation.

Serum Vitamin D Levels Explored in the Latvian Cohort of Patients with Basal Cell Carcinoma Linked to the Sonic Hedgehog and Vitamin D Binding Protein Cutaneous Tissue Indices.

Ultraviolet radiation is known as one of the major contributors to skin malignancies, including basal cell carcinoma (BCC), which is the most common type of skin cancer. It is a heterogeneous tumor, which presents with various types that are stratified into low- and high-risk tumors. Sunlight is important for overall health and vitamin D synthesis in the skin, whereas deviations from the optimal level of vitamin D are shown to be associated with the risk of the development of BCC. The accumulating evidence suggests the ability of vitamin D to antagonize the Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) signaling, the key tumor pathway, and play a protective role in the development of BCC. Additionally, a vitamin D binding protein (DBP) is shown to be implicated in the complex regulation of vitamin D. Here, we aimed to explore serum vitamin D in patients with different primary and recurrent BCC of the head and neck and investigate cutaneous DBP and SHH indices, confirmed immunohistochemically in these subjects. According to the results, 94.9% of the Latvian cohort of BCC patients were found to be deficient in vitamin D. No significant differences in serum vitamin D levels were found between genders, primary and recurrent tumors, and different types of BCC. Serum vitamin D was inversely associated with tumor size. Susceptible male individuals with low blood vitamin D levels were recognized at risk of developing aggressive and recurrent BCC confirmed by the use of hierarchical clustering analysis. In smaller tumors with a favorable course, such as superficial and nodular BCC, the association between high DBP and low SHH tissue expression was found, providing supportive evidence of the existence of a link between vitamin D, proteins involved in its metabolism, as exemplified by the DBP and SHH signaling pathway. The assumption of a deficiency in the protective effect of vitamin D in patients with high-risk BCCs was proposed in low DBP and high SHH tissue indices. New extensions to existing knowledge and characterization of the BCC signaling pathways and their cross-talk with vitamin D are warranted when searching for a preferential effect of vitamin D on skin cancer.

Sunlight, dietary habits, genetic polymorphisms and vitamin D deficiency in urban and rural infants of Bangladesh

We conducted an observational study to assess the prevalence and risk factors of vitamin D deficiency in 12–24 months old children living in urban and rural Bangladesh. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (free 25(OH)D) level, socio-demographic status, anthropometric status, dietary intake, exposure to sunlight and single nucleotide polymorphisms in vitamin-D pathway genes were measured in 208 children. Vitamin D deficiency (free 25(OH)D < 50 nmol/l) was reported in 47% of the children. Multivariable logistic regression model identified duration to sunlight exposure (regression coefficient, β = − 0.01; 95% CI 0.00, − 0.02; p-value < 0.05), UV index (β = − 0.36; 95% CI 0.00, − 0.02; p-value < 0.05) and breast-feeding (β = − 1.15; 95% CI − 0.43, − 1.86; p-value < 0.05) to be negatively associated with vitamin D deficiency. We measured the role of single nucleotide polymorphisms in pathway genes (GC-rs7041 T > G, rs4588 C > A, CYP2R1-rs206793 A > G, CYP27B1-rs10877012 A > C and DHCR7-rs12785878 G > T) and found statistically significant differences in serum vitamin D levels between various genotypes. SNPs for CYP27B1 (CA & CC genotype) had statistically significant positive association (β = 1.61; 95% CI 2.79, 0.42; p-value < 0.05) and TT genotype of GC-rs7041 had negative association (β = − 1.33; 95% CI − 0.02, − 2.64; p-value < 0.05) with vitamin-D deficiency in the surveyed children.

Vitamin D in pediatric patients with obesity and arterial hypertension

The purpose of this study was to find potential differences in vitamin D levels between different groups: overweight children with hypertension, normal-weight children with hypertension, overweight children with normal blood pressure and normal-weight children without hypertension, representing the control group. We also wanted to determine whether there are correlations between vitamin D levels and other clinical laboratory parameters, to evaluate the potential need for substitution. We measured vitamin D, homocysteine, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides, uric acid, glucose, apolipoprotein A1, apolipoprotein B, alkaline phosphatase, calcium, phosphate and magnesium serum levels in all groups. We also took anthropometric measurements (body weight, height, body mass index (BMI)) and observed patients’ blood pressure. The results were analyzed with SPSS statistic tool with basic statistical methods. The study included 175 children between 5 and 18 years of age. Fiftyseven were healthy (group A—control group), 41 normal-weight with hypertension (group B), 44 overweight with hypertension (group C) and 33 overweight with normal blood pressure (group D). The results showed statistically significant differences in values of vitamin D between all groups—A and B (p = 0.003), A and C (p < 0.001), A and D (p < 0.001), B and D (p = 0.043), B and C (0.030), except for groups C and D (p = 0.830). There were statistically significant correlations between vitamin D and BMI (r = − 0.196, p = 0.010), systolic pressure (r = − 0.190, p = 0.002), diastolic pressure (r = − 0.149, p = 0.050), homocysteine (r = − 0.208, p = 0.007), triglycerides (r = − 0.196, p = 0.011) and apolipoprotein A1 (r = 0.222, p = 0.007), confirmed in multivariate model. For the blood pressure, the higher the systolic blood pressure, the lower the average vitamin D was. The pilot study shows significant differences in serum vitamin D levels between all groups of children, apart from groups C and D. These results, combined with statistically significant correlations between vitamin D and systolic and diastolic blood pressure suggest the need for monitoring and potential substitution of vitamin D in in pediatric patients with hypertension.

The Influence of Oral Multivitamins Supplementation on Selected Oxidative Stress Parameters and Lipid Profiles among Sudanese Patients with Type-2 Diabetes.

AIM:The objective of the current study was to assess the influence of oral multivitamins supplementation on some oxidative stress parameters (serum Vitamin A, C, E, Zinc, Malondialdehyde (MDA)) and lipid profile among Sudanese patients with type- 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MATERIAL AND METHOD:Three hundred Sudanese patients with T2DM and Hundred healthy subjects (control group) were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Blood was collected after overnight fasting for 10-12 hrs. Fasting plasma glucose (FBG), lipid profiles, Glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c%), Serum zinc, Malondialdehyde (MDA), Vitamins A, E, and C levels were measured using standardised laboratory techniques. Data was collected with the help of a structured questionnaire and direct interview.RESULTS:Biochemical parameters of the study population were shown a highly significant difference (P value < 0.05), between the means of serum vitamin A, C, E, Zinc, MDA, HbA1c, triglycerides, HDL, FBG, total cholesterol and LDL. Significant differences in serum vitamin A, C, E, Zinc, MDA, triglycerides, HDL and FBG between people with diabetes who used multivitamins and diabetics who did not use it (P-value < 0.05).CONCLUSION:The study observed a significant increase in serum levels of vitamin A, C & E and other biomarkers parameters in patients with T2DM who take oral multivitamins supplements; such improvement may lead to minimising the diabetic complications. Further studies are needed to explore the possible therapeutic role of multivitamins supplements for T2DM patients.

Low levels of vitamin D and the relationship between vitamin D and Th2 axis-related cytokines in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders

ObjectiveThe impact of vitamin D have been studied in neuroinflammation disorders, and as the newly discovered Th2-related cytokines, IL-25, IL-31 and IL-33 may also play important roles in the lesions of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD). This study sought to investigate the clinical profiles of vitamin D and Th2 axis-related cytokines and their relationships in patients with NMOSD. MethodsEighty-four NMOSD patients and 84 healthy controls (HC) were evaluated for serum levels of the total vitamin D [25(OH)D], 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 [25(OH)D2] and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3] by means of high performance liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). Meanwhile, serum AQP4-IgG (n = 84) were detected by an AQP4-transfected cell-based assay (CBA) and IL-25, IL-31, IL-33 (n = 32) were performed using enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) method. ResultsThe serum levels of 25(OH)D, 25(OH)D2 and 25(OH)D3 were significantly lower in NMOSD group as compared to HC group. There were also significant differences in serum vitamin D levels between the acute phase group and remission group except the 25(OH)D2 levels (p = 0.070). No correlations were detected between vitamin D and disease activity or vitamin D and disease disability. Furthermore, serum 25(OH)D, 25(OH)D2, and 25(OH)D3 levels were not correlated with serum IL-25, IL-31, and IL-33 levels, the location of lesions and the number of lesion locations. ConclusionOur result showed hypovitaminosis D in NMOSD patients. The activity of 25(OH)D3 seemed to be closer to 25(OH)D than 25(OH)D2. Low levels of 25(OH)D/25(OH)D3 might represent a risk factor for the disease activity in patients with NMOSD.

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF LEVELS OF SELECTIVE OXIDATIVE STRESS MARKERS (MALONDIALDEHYDE, ZINC, AND ANTIOXIDANT VITAMINS A, E, AND C) IN ISCHEMIC AND NON-ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE PATIENTS SUFFERING FROM TYPE- 2 DIABETES

Objective: The objective of the current study is to compare the levels of oxidative stress markers malondialdehyde (MDA), zinc, and antioxidant Vitamins (A, E, and C) in ischemic heart disease (IHD) and non-IHD patients with diabetes mellitus.Method: This is cross-sectional study group, conducted in the advanced diagnostic center (Khartoum- Sudan) from the period May 2013 to August 2015. Comprised 100 healthy subjects were, control group with mean (fasting blood sugar) 5.61=m mol/L, the age ranged from 22 to 78 years old, the average of the age was 50.1 years. 300 patients (78 IHD and 222 without) as cases groups, the ages ranged from 30 to 80 years. The age average was 51.2 years, all samples were in a state of fasting for 12 h, and the data were collected using a structured questionnaire and direct interview to collect information. Blood specimens were collected from both groups, and plasma levels of MDA, zinc, and antioxidant Vitamins (A, E, and C) were determined.Results: There was a significant difference between the level of serum Vitamin A, E, and MDA in diabetic patients with IHD and those diabetic without IHD (p&lt;0.05). No significant differences in serum Vitamin C level between both groups (p&gt;0.05).Conclusion: Due to the significant differences in serum Vitamin A, E, Zinc, and MDA between diabetics with IHD and diabetics without IHD, these parameters can be used as prognostic markers for prediction of oxidative stress and antioxidant stress of diabetic patients with IHD complications.

Maternal serum vitamin D and parathormone concentrations during gestation and in umbilical cord blood – pilot study

Objective: We wanted to define levels of vitamin D (25(OH)D), parathormone (PTH), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P) and the correlations between them during gestation as well as in umbilical cord blood.Methods: The study included 37 healthy singleton pregnant women in the course of gestation with no medical history concerning systemic diseases, nor with negative obstetrics and gynecological history. Biochemical parameters were determined using commercially available kits.Results: In the studied group, there were no significant differences in serum vitamin D, PTH, Ca and P concentrations in each trimester and during delivery. The negative significant association between serum 25(OH)D and PTH level was observed (r=−0.25; p< 0.05). Vitamin D levels during the summer season were significantly higher than observed in winter time in I (p< 0.01) and II trimester (p< 0.05), but not in III trimester. There was positive correlation between maternal serum and cord blood 25(OH)D (r= 0.74; p < 0.01). It was noted that 38–48% mothers had severe deficiency of vitamin D.Conclusion: The study showed that regardless of the supplementation only 11–21% of studied pregnant women had optimal levels of vitamin D. The association between maternal and cord blood 25(OH)D suggested that inadequate vitamin D stores- during pregnancy may lead to a deficiency of this vitamin in newborns.

Vitamin D Status of College Students: Implications for Health Leaders

Vitamin D Status of College Students: Implications for Health Leaders by Eileen McKenna Cress Vitamin D deficiency is considered to be a pandemic with implications for compromised bone health and other chronic diseases. Few studies have examined vitamin D status in college-aged individuals where prevention of future health consequences is still possible. Serum vitamin D 25(OH)D status and vitamin D intake were examined in 98 college students ages 18-29 years during winter. BMI was classified as < 25and 25 or greater. Race was categorized as Caucasian or other. Overall, 69.5% had suboptimal serum vitamin D levels, <30ng/mL. Only 8 students (8.2%) met the EAR (400 IU) per day for vitamin D intake. t tests were used to determine if there were significant differences in serum vitamin D level and dietary intake based on gender, race and BMI. Significant differences were found in serum vitamin D level when compared by gender and race. Females tended to have a higher serum vitamin D level than males. Those representing minorities had lower serum vitamin D levels than Caucasians; One hundred percent of the minority students had suboptimal serum vitamin D levels. Based on these findings, dietitians should increase efforts to target college-aged individuals in educational programming related to factors affecting vitamin D synthesis, vitamin D intake, and health consequences of suboptimal vitamin D status, particularly in winter. Consideration should be given to vitamin D fortification of foods that meet the preferences of today’s consumer.

Clinical Trial of Vitamin D2 vs D3 Supplementation in Critically Ill Pediatric Burn Patients.

Hypovitaminosis D exists postburn. However, evidence-based guidelines for vitamin D repletion are unknown. This investigation examined differences between D2 and D3 supplementation on outcome in children with burn injuries. Fifty patients with total body surface area burn of 55.7% ± 2.6% and full-thickness injury of 40.8% ± 3.8% were enrolled, ranging in age from 0.7-18.4 years. All participants received multivitamin supplementation per standardized clinical protocol. In addition, 100 IU/kg D2, D3, or placebo was administered daily during hospitalization using a randomized, double-blinded study design. Assay of total 25-hydroxyvitamin D (D25), 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (D1,25), 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 (25-OH-D2), 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25-OH-D3), and parathyroid hormone (PTH) was performed at 4 preplanned time intervals (baseline, midpoint, discharge, and 1 year postburn). Differences in vitamin D status were compared over time and at each specific study interval. There were no significant differences in serum vitamin D levels between groups, but >10% of patients had low D25 at discharge, and percent deficiency worsened by the 1-year follow up for the placebo (75%), D2 (56%), and D3 (25%) groups. There were no statistical differences in PTH or clinical outcomes between treatment groups, although vitamin D supplementation demonstrated nonsignificant but clinically relevant decreases in exogenous insulin requirements, sepsis, and scar formation. The high incidence of low serum D25 levels 1 year following serious thermal injury indicates prolonged compromise. Continued treatment with vitamin D3 beyond the acute phase postburn is recommended to counteract the trajectory of abnormal serum levels and associated morbidity.

Análise da vitamina C sérica e ingerida e estresse oxidativo em crianças e adolescentes infectados pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana

OBJECTIVES: To assess adequacy of vitamin C intake in HIV-infected children and adolescents; to evaluate serum levels of vitamin C and indicators of oxidative stress; to compare with the uninfected group; to correlate serum vitamin C with oxidative stress and associate them according to the reference values. METHODS: Comparative cross-sectional study. Two groups of 27 children and adolescents each, aged between 3 to 19 years. Group 1 (G1) comprised individuals vertically infected with HIV seen at a regional outpatient clinic. Group 2 (G2) comprised invited individuals without history of HIV infection. The groups were matched for age, sex, and socioeconomic status. The following variables were analyzed: body mass index for age; micronutrient intake and consumption; and serum vitamin C, C-reactive protein (CRP), and albumin. RESULTS: The mean age was 12 years old. Most subjects were female (17, 63%), and there was prevalence of the economic class C (27, 50%). The most prevalent nutritional status was normal weight in 20 individuals (74.1%) in G1 and 21 (77.8%) in G2. The intake of vitamin C was significantly higher in G1 (p = 0.006; t = 2.987) according to the 24-hour dietary recall method. There were significant differences in serum vitamin C concentration between the groups, with a lower level in G1 (p = 0.000; t = -7.309). In relation to oxidative stress, values of CRP in G1 were significantly higher (p = 0.007; t = 2.958). There was no association between deficiency of vitamin, CRP, and albumin. CONCLUSION: Our findings show that HIV-infected individuals have low levels of vitamin C; however, this deficiency is not related to eating habits, since the intake of this nutrient was higher in this group than in the control group. HIV-infected individuals have specific characteristics that increase their oxidative stress, which is evidenced by increased CRP.

Analysis of serum and supplemented vitamin C and oxidative stress in HIV-infected children and adolescents

To assess adequacy of vitamin C intake in HIV-infected children and adolescents; to evaluate serum levels of vitamin C and indicators of oxidative stress; to compare with the uninfected group; to correlate serum vitamin C with oxidative stress and associate them according to the reference values. Comparative cross-sectional study. Two groups of 27 children and adolescents each, aged between 3 to 19 years. Group 1 (G1) comprised individuals vertically infected with HIV seen at a regional outpatient clinic. Group 2 (G2) comprised invited individuals without history of HIV infection. The groups were matched for age, sex, and socioeconomic status. The following variables were analyzed: body mass index for age; micronutrient intake and consumption; and serum vitamin C, C-reactive protein (CRP), and albumin. The mean age was 12 years old. Most subjects were female (17, 63%), and there was prevalence of the economic class C (27, 50%). The most prevalent nutritional status was normal weight in 20 individuals (74.1%) in G1 and 21 (77.8%) in G2. The intake of vitamin C was significantly higher in G1 (p = 0.006; t = 2.987) according to the 24-hour dietary recall method. There were significant differences in serum vitamin C concentration between the groups, with a lower level in G1 (p = 0.000; t = -7.309). In relation to oxidative stress, values of CRP in G1 were significantly higher (p = 0.007; t = 2.958). There was no association between deficiency of vitamin, CRP, and albumin. Our findings show that HIV-infected individuals have low levels of vitamin C; however, this deficiency is not related to eating habits, since the intake of this nutrient was higher in this group than in the control group. HIV-infected individuals have specific characteristics that increase their oxidative stress, which is evidenced by increased CRP.

Maternal and fetal plasma vitamin E to total lipid ratio and fetal RBC antioxidant function during gestational development.

Placental transfer of vitamin E was investigated from 19 to 35 weeks of gestation by analysis of fetal and maternal blood samples for total tocopherol, total lipids, and fetal red blood cell antioxidant reserves. Fifty-two fetal blood samples were obtained under ultrasonographic guide by percutaneous umbilical blood sampling. Thirteen were from fetuses with gestational age less than or equal to 22 weeks (x serum vitamin E = 0.4 +/- 0.14 mg/dl), 12 were from fetuses at 23-27 weeks gestation (x serum vitamin E = 0.4 +/- 0.21 mg/dl), and 27 were from fetuses with gestational age 28-38 weeks (x serum level = 0.37 +/- 0.18). Total lipid levels ranged from 140 to 216 mg/dl. Maternal plasma vitamin E concentrations correlated significantly with concurrent values in the fetus. There were no significant differences in serum vitamin E levels or vitamin E to total lipid ratio in samples from early, mid, or late gestation in either the mother or fetus. Red blood cell antioxidant reserve on samples from 18 fetuses were grossly abnormal by three different functional assays. On the basis of these data, placental transfer of vitamin E appears to be relatively constant through advancing gestation. Red blood cell antioxidant reserve is uniformly low.