Significant Differences In Cholesterol Research Articles

A prospective study on prognostic value of hypocholestrolemia in sepsis

Background: Sepsis is a major cause of mortality in adult, non-coronary intensive care units (ICUs) and holds significant clinical importance. Multicentre prospective surveys have shown that 1% of hospitalized patients experience bacteraemia, with 0.3% suffering from bacteraemia with severe sepsis. These rates increase eightfold and thirtyfold, respectively, when ICU admissions are considered. Approximately 10% of ICU patients have sepsis, 6% have severe sepsis, and 2-3% experience septic shock. Aim: This study aimed to assess the dynamic changes in serum cholesterol levels in sepsis patients and evaluate whether these cholesterol levels correlate with prognosis using the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score. Materials and methods: A comprehensive analysis was conducted over 18 months on 115 patients with sepsis. SOFA scores and lipid profiles were collected at ICU admission (day 0) and day 3. Patients were categorized into two groups based on their total cholesterol: Group A (<160 mg/dl) and Group B (>160 mg/dl). Statistical analysis was performed to examine differences. Results: The study found that 56.5% of patients had cholesterol <160 mg/dl (Group A) and 43.5% had >160 mg/dl (Group B). Significant differences in cholesterol and SOFA scores between groups were observed on days 0 and 3 (p < 0.001). Mortality was higher in Group B, indicating that hypocholesterolaemia is associated with increased mortality risk. Conclusion: This study suggests that monitoring cholesterol levels can serve as a prognostic tool in sepsis. An increasing cholesterol trend may indicate a better disease outcome.

Beta-blockers and their impact on metabolic processes

The aim of the study is to determine the effect of beta-blockers on lipid status, triglycerides and Body Mass Index (BMI) in patients using beta-blockers in the treatment of arterial hypertension. Our study included 120 patients at the Public Health Institution "Dom zdravlja" Živinice. The participants were monitored over a period of 3 years. Measurements were made after 12, 24 and 36 months of treatment. Patients were divided into two groups. The experimental group included 60 patients, who used beta-blockers in the treatment of arterial hypertension. The control group included 60 patients who used other antihypertensives as their first choice medication in the treatment of arterial hypertension. By monitoring cholesterol and triglyceride levels in patients using beta-blockers and other antihypertensive medications, and comparing these values within the group, no statistically significant difference in cholesterol and triglyceride levels was found in patients who used beta-blockers after 12, 24, and 36 months of treatment. There was also no statistically significant effect of therapy on the change in cholesterol and triglyceride values at observed time intervals, nor was there a statistically significant difference between these values. BMI monitoring showed a statistically significant difference between patients using beta-blockers and other antihypertensive drugs, with patients using beta-blockers having a higher BMI after 36 months of treatment. There was no statistically significant difference in BMI between patients using bisoprolol and carvedilol and patients using other beta-blockers, but patients using bisoprolol and carvedilol had lower BMI values. In studies conducted in recent years, it has been noted that many beta-blockers cause dose-dependent adverse metabolic effects on glucose and lipid metabolism, with the most adverse metabolic effects observed in patients treated with conventional non-selective beta-blockers. On the other hand, more favorable metabolic profile have drugs with β1 selective activity, such as atenolol and metoprolol, especially those with intrinsic sympathomimetic activity such as pindolol. In fact, with these beta-blockers, the adverse metabolic effects appear to be less prominent. In conclusion, beta-blockers do not lead to an increase in cholesterol and triglycerides, but they do lead to an increase in BMI in patients with arterial hypertension

The role of walnuts (Canarium indicum L.) towards reducing blood cholesterol levels in hyperlipidemic

Hyperlipidemia is a cardiovascular disease that causes about 18% of cerebrovascular disease and about 56% of heart disease worldwide. High cholesterol levels lead to accumulation of cholesterol. Walnuts have the potential to lower cholesterol levels. The purpose of this study was to measure the effect of walnut consumption in hyperlipidemic patients on lowering cholesterol. This is an experimental research with pre-post test control group design. The research sample in the first year was mothers who had blood cholesterol levels of 200 mg/dl (hypercholesterolemia). A total of fifty (50) mothers consisting of 2 (two) groups, with 25 mothers as the treatment group and 25 mothers as the control group. Statistical analysis using test paired t-test was used to see the difference in the cholesterol levels before and after the intervention of each group. Cholesterol levels in the treatment group decreased from 242.60 mg/dl to 208.12 mg/dl and in the control group from 248.60 mg/dl to 243.16 mg/dl. The results of the paired T-Test analysis in the treatment group showed a value of p = 0.00 meaning that there was a significant difference in cholesterol levels before and after the intervention in the treatment group. In the control group the value of p = 0.75 means that there is no significant difference in cholesterol levels in the control group. Feeding 50 grams/day walnuts for 8 weeks give effect to significant reduction of cholesterol levels in hyperlipidemic mothers.

Does diet and activity lead to difference in resting energy expenditure in obese women?

BackgroundObesity is considered as a risk factor for metabolic and chronic diseases. Reduction in resting energy expenditure (REE) may increase risk of obesity. Our study was carried out to investigate dietary, biochemical, anthropometric and body composition parameters and physical activity in obese women with normal and low resting energy expenditure.MethodsA total forty nine subjects (women, 30-50 years old) were enrolled and divided into three groups. Anthropometric, body composition parameters, resting energy expenditure, Fasting blood lipid profile, dietary intake and physical activity were measured.ResultsAlthough, fat mass and fat-free mass were significantly increased in obese groups, there was no significant difference in body composition between two obese groups (p-value = 0.10, 0.27). Measured resting energy expenditure was significantly decreased in obese with low REE compare to other groups (p-value < 0.001). There was no significant difference in energy intake and macronutrients between groups. There was a significant difference in T3 between obese subjects with low REE compared to obese group with normal REE (p-value < 0.001). There was no significant difference in lipid profile between two obese groups. Also there was a significant difference in LDL, cholesterol and triacylglycerol between obese subjects with low REE compared to normal weight group. Moreover, there was a significant difference in cholesterol and triacylglycerol between obese subjects with normal REE compared to normal weight group. Our finding showed there was no significant difference in physical activity between three groups.ConclusionsDietary intake and physical activity may relate to metabolism and energy expenditure. It is interesting that in some obese people resting energy expenditure was much lower compared to other obese people; however, there was no significant difference in their body composition, age, sex, dietary intake, lipid profile and physical activity. Thus it should investigate the role of other factors involved in different REE in subjects with obesity.

Cardiac Rehabilitation in Covid Era: was it equally effective?

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Introduction Cardiac rehabilitation is currently described as a mainstay when it comes to treatment of cardiac patients (pts), mainly ischemic heart disease. Despite this, referral and implementation suffered a decrease amidst covid outbreak. Purpose To describe, in a cardiac rehabilitation center, the real life data regarding programme effects during covid pandemic and after the release of most sanitary measures. Methods Prospective cohort study which included consecutive pts who were participating in a center-based CR program lasting 8-12 weeks from 2019 to 2021. The CR program included initial evaluation by cardiologist and rehabilitation specialist with collection of clinical characteristics, three times weekly supervised exercise sessions, appointment with rehabilitation nurse, nutritionist and psychologist and educational sessions. Lab tests, echocardiogram and CPET were done before and after completion of the program. Results We analyzed 349 patients, mean age 60 ± 11,14 years, 83% male, most of them referred because of ischemic heart disease (83,6%), followed by valvular heart disease (7,0%). Mean ejection fraction was 48,4 ± 12,8 and most patients were in NYHA class II (65,1%). After program completion we noticed a clear benefit regarding functional class (NYHA before and after CRP: NYHA I 25,7% vs 63,7%; NYHA II 65,1% vs 34,5%; NYHA III 9,2% vs 1,9%; p&amp;lt;0.05), although differences in weight and body mass index were non significant. Laboratorial data also showed a favourable and significant improvement: NTproBNP 1068±752 pg/mL vs 498±764 (p&amp;lt;0.001); LDL-c 84±35,4 vs 70,6±30,2 (p=0.001); HDL-c 44,7±12,1mg/dL vs 46,8±10,4mg/dL (p=0.001); Triglycerides 126,9±66,6mg/dL vs 116,9±51,8mg/dL (p=0.34); HbA1c 6,07 vs 6,06 % (p=0.89). The significant differences in cholesterol were seen even after adjusting for statin dosage. Conclusions Despite constraints in CR programs during the pandemic, the long term data shows that maintaining such programs has an important effect when it comes to risk factor control and clinical improvement.

Does Oral Administration of Fresh and Dry Ginger (Zingiber officinale) Juice have Effect on the Lipid Profile of Albino Rats

Aim: This study compares the effect of fresh and dry ginger juice on the lipid profile of albino rats.&#x0D; Methodology: Fifteen(15) albino rats with average weight of 150g divided into three groups of five (5) rats each were used for the study.5ml of the ginger juice was administered orally for 21 days using the gavage oral tube to the experimental animals. Blood samples were collected via cardiac puncture after a chloroform anesthesia was given to the animals to a heparinized sample bottle. Plasma samples were analyzed for total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein using the colorimeter while and low-density lipoprotein level was calculated.&#x0D; Results: There was no significant difference in cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein levels (P&gt;0.05) when the group 1(control group) was compared with group 2 (dry ginger group) and group 3 (fresh ginger group).&#x0D; Conclusion: Ginger juice in different preparation forms does not alter the lipid profiling in the experimental animals over a period of 21 days.

Comparison of Serum CRP, Total Cholesterol, Magnesium and Uric Acid in Smoker and Non Smoker Patients with COPD: A Cross-sectional Study

Introduction: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a common and treatable disease characterised by progressive airflow limitation and tissue destruction. Smoking is a common risk factor but non smokers can also develop COPD. There may be change in serum level of inflammatory marker, oxidative stress markers, bio-markers among these patients. In this study smoker and non smoker group in COPD patients studied and may helpful for comparing levels and to corelate with severity of disease and also for group specific management. Aim: To evaluate the level of Serum C-Reactive Protein (CRP), total cholesterol, Magnesium (Mg++), and uric acid in COPD patients and also, to compare these parameters in smoker and non smoker patients with COPD. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Biochemistry and Department of Pulmonary Medicine at People’s College of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India, from October 2021 to December 2022. A total of 100 COPD patients, aged between 40 to 60 years were included and divided into two groups: 50 smokers and 50 non smokers. Parameters such as CRP, Mg++, total cholesterol and uric acid, were estimated by autoanalyser. Data were statistically analysed using unpaired t-test. Results: In smokers, mean age was 53.08±5.89 years, whereas in non smokers, mean age was 53.9±4.84 years. Out of the 100 subjects, 50 were smokers (F=6 and M=44) and 50 were non smokers (F=6 and M=44). In the present study, observed increased CRP levels and cholesterol levels, low serum magnesium, and normal uric acid in smoker compared to non smokers COPD. There was significant difference in cholesterol (p-value=0.044), serum magnesium (p-value=0.001) and CRP levels (p-value=0.0001) but there was no significant difference in uric acid (p-value=0.989). Conclusion: Smokers with COPD had increased level of CRP, Cholesterol and low level of Magnesium as compared to non smoker COPD patients. This may attribute that smokers COPD patients are in risk of developing recurrent exacerbations and more disease severity

Influence of Age on Haematology, Serum Biochemistry and Lipid Profile of ‎Stallions in Ilorin, Nigeria

This study determined the influence of age on haematological and serum biochemical parameters and lipid profiles of stallions in Ilorin, Nigeria. Blood samples of 50 (3-16 years of age) apparently healthy stallions were collected from different stables within Ilorin metropolis, and haematological and serum biochemical parameters were determined according to standard procedures. The stallions were grouped into three: &lt;5 years (n=12), 6-11 years (n=33) and &gt;11 years (n=5). The values obtained were subjected to a one-way ANOVA (p&lt;0.05) using Tukey’s multiple comparison test as post test to determine the significant differences in the haematological and serum biochemical parameters in relation to age differences. Stallions with less than 5 years of age showed significant (p&lt; 0.001) increase in PCV, red blood cell and haemoglobin counts when compared with stallions aged 6-11 years and above 11 years. Serum albumin and triglycerides for the &lt;5 years of age stallion significantly reduced and increased respectively when compared to the stallions aged 6-11 years and above 11 years. There was no significant difference in cholesterol, white blood cell, neutrophils and lymphocytes counts. Age influences haematological and serum biochemical parameters in stallions. This is more noticeable in stallions aged five years and below. The findings from this study will guide clinicians in interpretations of haematological and serum biochemical values in different age group of stallions.

Label-free Raman spectroscopy characterizes signatures of inflammation and fibrosis in the silicosis

Silicosis is an occupational disease that seriously damages the life and health of miners. Herein, we constructed a mouse model of silicosis and used label-free confocal Raman spectroscopy to analyze the biomolecular variations in lung fibrous nodules and inflammatory sites. The mice were exposed to silica particles for 1 month (SIL-1M group), 3 months (SIL-3M group), or no exposure (control tissues, NS). Raman spectra obtained from treated and untreated lung tissue were subjected to chemometric analysis to quantify biochemical composition differences in the silicosis. Simultaneously, immunohistochemistry and collagen staining were used to evaluate inflammation, fibrosis, and apoptosis. As a result, the SIL-1M and SIL-3M groups showed significant differences in cholesterol, lipids, amino acids, nucleic acids, and cytochrome C, and the collagen peaks at 1248 cm−1 and 1448 cm−1 were significantly higher than in the NS group. Notably, glycogen and phospholipid may be an inflammatory indicator consistent with NF-κB expression. In addition, significant differences in collagen and cytochrome C content in silicosis lung tissue were found using Raman spectroscopy and were verified by Masson's staining and Bax/Bcl-2 expression ratio. In summary, our findings provide a label-free technique to understand the biochemical changes in lung inflammatory and fibrosis microenvironment after exposure to silica particles and provide a valuable reference for studying the mechanism of silicosis.

Effects of conjugated linoleic acid on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and blood biochemical indexes of male sika deer (Cervus nippon)

Context Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is very important for animals and humans. CLA has many important biological functions, such as reducing fat and increasing muscle, antioxidation, improving immunity and so on. CLA requirements for deer have not been established. Aims A single-factor test was conducted to evaluate the effects of CLA supplementation on male sika deer. Methods Sixteen deer were divided in four groups (from G0 to G3) of four animals, each according to their bodyweight. Deer in G0 were fed a basal diet without CLA supplementation. Deer in G1, G2 and G3 were fed diets supplemented with CLA at concentrations of 0.25%, 0.5% and 1.0%. Growth performance, nutrient digestibility and blood biochemical indexes were measured. Key results The results suggested that the average daily gain of deer increased with conjugated linoleic acid supplementation (P &lt; 0.05); maximal growth performance was seen in G2. The average daily feed intake showed differences among the treatments (P &lt; 0.01). The highest average daily feed intake was observed in Group G2. Feed to gain ratio (F:G) in Groups G1, G2 and G3 was different from that in Group G0 (P &lt; 0.01). The digestibility of crude protein and ether extract was increased by conjugated linoleic acid concentrations (P &lt; 0.05). The alkaline phosphatase activity showed a significant increase (P &lt; 0.05) in Groups G2 and G3, compared with Group G0. There were significant differences in cholesterol between G1 and G2 groups (P &lt; 0.05). Conclusions The results indicated that conjugated linoleic acid supplementation to diet plays a positive role in the growth of sika deer. Implications This experiment has shown the effects of dietary supplementation with CLA in sika deer breeding. It has layed a good foundation for the application of CLA supplementation in sika deer industry to promote the healthy development of sika deer breeding industry.

Comparison of Six Weeks of Weight Training with a Combination of Beta‑hydroxy‑Beta‑methylbutyrate and Creatinine and Two Weeks of Non-training on the Concentrations of some Blood Biochemical Factors in Male Powerlifting Athletes

In this study, concentrations of some blood biochemical factors in male powerlifting athletes were compared through 6 weeks of weight training with combined beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMB) and creatinine (Cr) supplements and 2 weeks of non-training. Thirty-two male athletes aged 21-30 years were randomly divided into four groups of eight individuals: Cr, HMB, HMB + Cr, and weight training. The training program was designed for 6 weeks and four sessions per week. The HMB group consumed 3 g of the supplement on training days and 1g on non-training days, the Cr group consumed three servings of 5 g on training days and 5 g on non-training days, and the HMB +Cr group consumed the same amount of HMB and Cr supplements as the HMB and Cr groups. During 2 weeks of non-training, the HMB, Cr, and HMB + Cr groups received daily 1 g, 5 g, and 1 g of HMB + 5 g of Cr, respectively. The hypotheses were tested by two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: There were no significant differences in Cholesterol (Chol.), Triglyceride (TG), and Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) levels after the post-test and 2 weeks of non-training. There were significant differences in High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) in post-test between groups of weight training and HMB (p = 0.000), weight training and HMB + Cr (p = 0.002), Cr and HMB (p = 0.000), and Cr and HMB + Cr (P = 0.001). The weight training and HMB (p = 0.000), weight training and HMB + Cr (p = 0.003), Cr and HMB (p 0.000) =), and Cr and HMB + Cr groups (p = 0.001) were significantly different in 2 weeks of non-training. Conclusion: Six-week weight training with combined HMB and Cr supplement and 2 weeks of non-training can significantly change the concentrations of some blood biochemical factors in male powerlifting athletes.

Impact of Non-Alcoholic Simple Fatty Liver Disease on Antituberculosis Drug-Induced Liver Injury.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of non-alcoholic simple fatty liver disease on drug-induced liver injury caused by tuberculosis.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the incidence, characteristics, and risk factors of antituberculosis drug-induced liver injury in 104 patients with initial treatment of tuberculosis complicated with non-alcoholic simple fatty liver disease. The patients were divided into two groups according to whether there was liver injury or not. The differences in age, gender, body mass index (BMI), cholesterol, and triglycerides were studied between the two groups.ResultsAmong the 104 patients with initial treatment of tuberculosis complicated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, 24 (23%) patients developed a drug-induced liver injury. The remaining 80 (77%) patients did not develop drug-induced liver injury (χ2 = 60.308, P < 0.05). In the liver injury group, there were 20 cases of mild liver injury, two cases of moderate liver injury, two cases of severe liver injury, 22 cases of hepatocellular injury, two cases of cholestasis, and no cases of mixed liver injury. The time of abnormal liver function in antituberculosis treatment was 16.42 ± 9.18 days from the beginning of the antituberculosis treatment. There were no significant differences in gender, age, BMI, or triglyceride between the liver injury group and the non-liver injury group (χ2 = 2.063, t = 0.179, t = 0.703, t = 1.12, P > 0.05 in all), but there were significant differences in cholesterol (t = 3.08, P < 0.05). By logistic regression analysis, cholesterol was a high-risk factor for liver injury.ConclusionNon-alcoholic simple fatty liver disease may increase the risk of antituberculosis drug-induced liver injury.

Evaluation of Serum Leptin Level in Males with Elevated Blood Pressure

Leptin is a hormone secreted from adipose tissue, proved to be related to inflammatory, hemostatic, and metabolic factors, and thought to be involved in the development of hypertension. We aim to evaluate serum leptin levels and lipid profile in males with elevated blood pressure to be compared with healthy controls males of matched body mass index (BMI) and age. The present study were included 50 subject, 24 healthy controls males whose BMI (Mean±SD 27.6±4.9) as control group and 26 hypertensive males with essential hypertension whose BMI (Mean±SD 28.3±3.4), those two groups were aged and BMI matched Fasting serum leptin level, triglyceride (TG), total serum cholesterol, high density lipoprotein(HDL) and low density lipoprotein(LDL) were measured. Leptin was found to be significantly higher in the hypertensive males (group2) when compared with the control group (group1) (21.5±2.3ng/ml against 14.3±1.4 ng/ml, respectively; p0.03), while a very high significant difference in triglyceride, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (p 0.0001) and a significant difference in cholesterol was (p 0.01), LDL was (p0.01) and HDLwas (p0.05). The present study concluded that male patients with elevated blood pressure had significantly higher serum leptin level compared with healthy subjects of a same BMI. More over patients with hypertension had an unfavorable lipid profile.

English

In this research, we made a comprehensive study about the egg quality and nutrient factors of Bashang long-tailed chickens in different housing systems (in-cage and free-range). The results showed that: 1) there was no significant difference in egg weight, egg shape index, egg yolk weight, egg yolk color, egg yolk ratio, egg white ratio, and Hahn unit between free-range and cage (P &gt; 0.05). Protein weight, protein height, eggshell weight, eggshell color and eggshell ratio were significantly higher in the cage than in free-range (P &lt; 0.05) and the differences in eggshell weight, eggshell color, and eggshell ratio were extremely significant (P &lt; 0.01). However, the thickness and strength of eggshell in free-range breeding were significantly higher than those caged (P &lt; 0.05). 2) The content of water and crude protein in the eggs of the caged Bashang long-tail chicken was significantly higher than that of the free-range chicken (P &lt; 0.05). 3) The content of crude fat content of free-range was significantly higher than that of caged chickens (P &lt; 0.05), but there was no significant difference in cholesterol and vitamin A content. 4) Zinc content of eggs of Bashang long-tail chickens of free-range was significantly higher than that of caged chickens (P &lt; 0.05), but there was no significant difference in the content of calcium and phosphorus. So it’s better than the caged chicken in the free-range feeding condition, and the free-range feeding is suitable for the production of Bashang long-tail chicken. This study could be used as a reference to improve egg quality in the future. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers

Evaluation of Akkermansia muciniphila bacteria in obese and overweight type 2 diabetic patients treated with insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents comparing with healthy subjects

Background: There is a significant relationship between human intestinal bacteria and overweight, obesity and diabetes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila, a bacterium residing in the mucosal layer in obese and overweight type 2 diabetic patients undergoing insulin therapy or oral hypoglycemic agents comparing with healthy individuals. Methods: Forty insulin-dependent diabetic patients, 40 diabetic patients who were treated with oral hypoglycemic agents and 40 healthy people were recruited based on inclusion/exclusion criteria and they were evaluated for lipid profile, fasting blood sugar (FBS), and Akkermansia muciniphila bacterium. Results: The majority of all study subjects were women, non-smokers with more than four hours activity a day. They were not different in terms of demographic characteristics. FBS level was significantly higher in subjects with type 2 diabetes than in healthy subjects (P <0.001) with no significant difference in cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Cycle threshold (CT) level in both group of diabetic patients was significantly higher than that of healthy subjects (P< .001) and there was a significant difference between two groups of diabetic patients and health subjects in terms of colony-forming unit (CFU), (P = 0.001). Conclusion: Akkermansia muciniphila abundance was higher in the healthy subjects comparing with diabetic patients and it was significantly greater in the patients treated with insulin than those who taken oral medications with beneficial metabolic effects, such as lowering FBS levels. There was no significant difference between all three study groups in terms of triglyceride, cholesterol, and BMI.

Elevated lipid levels in patients with achilles tendon ruptures: a retrospective matching study.

BackgroundAchilles tendon rupture (ATR) can lead to significant disability of patients. However, whether serum lipid levels are associated with ATR is still unclear. This study aimed to examine the difference in lipid levels between patients with and those without ATR.MethodsPatients who received ATR surgery during January 2017 to December 2017 were categorized into the case group, and those who had physical examinations during the same period without ATR were in the control group. Different matching methods [case-control matching (CCM) and propensity score matching (PSM)] were used to match the cases and controls at a 1:1 ratio.ResultsAmong a total of 216 pairs of subjects with CCM, cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels were significantly higher (all P<0.05) in the case group than in the control group. Among 241 pairs of subjects with PSM, the same results as those with CCM were obtained. Abnormal rates of cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL levels in the case group were also significantly higher than those in the control group in CCM and PSM (all P<0.05). After adjusting for the factors of height and weight, there were still significant differences in cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL levels, as well as high-density lipoprotein levels, between the case and control groups (all P<0.05).ConclusionsCholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL levels in patients with ATR are higher than those in healthy people. Further studies are required to verify the effect of some components of lipids on Achilles tendon structure.

Obesity and dyslipidemia in patients with psoriasis: A case-control study.

The aim of this study was to conduct a more comprehensive analysis of the association between psoriasis and abnormal lipid metabolism.The case–control study included 222 psoriatic patients and 445 non-psoriatic control patients matched for age and gender. Clinical parameters included age, gender, and body mass index (BMI). Serum lipid levels were recorded and included cholesterol (CHO), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), phospholipids (PLIP), free fatty acids (FFA), lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)], and apolipoproteins (apoA1, apoB, and apoE). Statistical analysis was carried out through the IBM Statistical Package for the Social Studies version 23.0.Compared with controls, levels of BMI and the prevalence of obesity were significantly higher in psoriatic patients. The results revealed that when compared to controls, significant elevation of serum TG (P <.001) and Lp(a) (P = .022) was observed. Levels of HDL (P <.001) and apoA1 (P <.001) were significantly lower in psoriatic patients. There was no significant difference in CHO (P = .367), LDL (P = .400), apoB (P = .294), apoE (P = .05), PLIP (P = .931) and FFA (P = .554) between patients and controls. The levels of CHO, TG, PLIP, FFA, and apoE were positively correlated with BMI level.Dyslipidemia was more common in psoriatic patients, compared with non-psoriatic controls.

Comparison of biomarkers between genotypes 1a and 3a in hepatitis C virus patients with control group

Introduction: Three percent of people worldwide are infected with Hepatitis C virus (HCV). A few studies have been performed to evaluate the biochemical markers of the disease. In the current study, biochemical markers were evaluated in HCV patients and the control group.&#x0D; Methods: Two sex- and age-matched healthy individuals (n = 100) and HCV positive patients (n = 100) were included (mean age of 20-75, 26.0% females and 74.0% males). Biochemical markers, including liver enzymes (ALT, AST and ALP), lipid profiles (cholesterol, LDL, and HDL) and triglyceride (TG) were investigated in both groups. HCV genotyping was also performed by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and OHNO methods.&#x0D; Results: The biochemical markers between HCV patients and controls were compared (cholesterol, ALP, AST, ALT, LDL: p = 0.0001, HDL: p = 0.002, TG: p = 0.003), and statistically significant difference was found between two groups. The biochemical markers between HCV patients and the control group in terms of age was compared and no differences was observed (p = 0.741), however, there was a significant difference in sex between HCV patients and control group (26.0% females, 74.0% males in control group, and x% females and y% males in HCV patients) (p = 0.032). The results of HCV genotyping showed that 39 patients were genotype 1a, and 43 patients were genotype 3a, and 1 patient was genotype 2a. Evaluation of biochemical markers in patients with genotype 1a and 3a showed that there were significant differences in cholesterol (p = 0.001), LDL (p = 0.001) and HDL (p= 0.003) levels, but there were no significant differences in liver enzymes and TG levels in both genotypes.&#x0D; Conclusion: In the present study, we found significant difference in biochemical markers between HCV patients and controls. In HCV patients, the biochemical markers were dependent on HCV genotypes, and their levels in genotype 1a were higher than genotype 3a. In conclusion, biochemical markers are one of the most important factors for the identification of treatment.

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN SUSU BEKATUL TERHADAP KONSENTRASI KOLESTEROL DAN TRIGLISERIDAPADA TIKUS PUTIH WISTAR DIABETES

ABSTRACT In diabetics there is usually an increase in free fatty acids in the blood and increases the concentration of cholecerols and triglycerides, this condition is called diabetes dyshidemia. This study aimed to find out at the effect of bran milk treatment on the changes of the concetration of cholesterol and triglycerides in diabetetic white wistar rats. Conducted on May 15 until 15 August 2018. Experimental research pre-post test with control design. Subjects of twenty wistar white rats were made diabetic by injecting alloxan 140mg / kg. After being declared diabetic, the rats were divided into four groups, namely group 1 (negative control), group 2 (positive control), group 3 (bran milk 0.54g / 200 gr) and group 4 (bran milk 1.08g / 200gr). The intervention was given for fourteen days. The data analysis used the paired T-test to test the subject before and afterthe treatment and the One-Way ANOVA test was used to test the difference between the groups. The research results indicated that the treatment with bran milk there were no significant differences in cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in the four groups. But when viewed from changes before and after the intervention showed that group 4 (bran milk 1.08g / 200gr) decreased cholesterol concentration and in group 3 (bran milk 0.54g / 200gr) a decrease in triglycerides was better than group 1 (control negative) and group 2 (positive control). It was concluded that the administration of bran milk can reduce the concentration of cholesterol and triglycerides in wistar diabetic white rats.Keywords : Bran milk, Cholesterol, Triglycerides, Rats, Diabetic

Аминокислотный состав холелитов и его связь с минеральной компонентой

The study of the amino acid composition of gallstones of the Komi Republic residents has shown the significant differences in cholesterol and pigment specimens. It has been revealed that during formation of the carbonate or phosphate component in gallstones, the specificity of the protein component is of great importance. It is shown that the content of amino acids is higher in samples with presence of the mineral component and is non-uniform through the cross-section of gallstones. The presence of D-forms of amino acids in pigment and cholesterol gallstones is a consequence of the participation in their formation of various microorganisms.