Significant Differences In Knowledge Research Articles

Education Based-Application And Prenatal Yoga Reduces Cesarean Section

The incidence of cesarean section (CS) continues to increase from year to year, pregnant women choose cesarean Section not because there are medical indications but because of fear of normal delivery. Interventions are needed to reduce the incidence of CS. A quasi-experimental design with a pre-post control group design was used, the sample used was pregnant women in the second trimester with a gestational age of 18-20 weeks with a sample distribution of 30 intervention groups and 30 control groups, using paired t-test, independent t-test and Chi-square. In the intervention group and control group, the highest percentage for the characteristics of respondents, age 20-35 years, higher education, work and the majority ethnicity in this study is Balinese, there is a significant difference in knowledge between the intervention group and the control group with a value (p = 0.000), there is a significant difference in attitude between the intervention group and the control group with a value (p = 0.000) and the intervention can reduce the incidence of CS by 37.6% with a value of p = 0.001. Interventions with education based-application and prenatal yoga can increase knowledge,and attitudes are effective in reducing the incidence of CS.

The development of a novel, multilingual IBD knowledge questionnaire for Asian patients with inflammatory bowel disease

BackgroundInflammatory bowel disease is an uncommon disease in developing nations whereby patient’s knowledge on the disease may be limited. The CCKNOW questionnaire, a widely known questionnaire to assess patient’s knowledge on the disease, may be too complex to comprehend for patients in developing countries. The aim of this study is to develop a new tool known as AIBDKQ questionnaire to evaluate the local inflammatory bowel disease patient’s knowledge.MethodsThis was a prospective study carried out in four phases. In phase 1, three gastroenterologists with expertise in IBD generated a total of 21 questions related to the general knowledge of the disease in the English language. Phase 2 involved content and face validity whereby the questions were further validated by other gastroenterologists. In phase 3, the validated questions were translated into three languages namely Malay, Mandarin and Tamil which are commonly used in Malaysia. In phase 4 (statistical validity), administration of the questionnaires to patients and hospital staff were conducted to assess the construct validity, discriminative ability, predictive validity and reliability of the questionnaires.ResultsA total of 21 questions were generated initially. Further evaluation indicated that 20 items had adequate kappa and content validity index for relevance (CVI: 0.714 to 1, Kapp: 0.645 to 1) and clarity (CVI: 0.714 to 1, Kapp: 0.645 to 1). The questionnaires in four languages were administered to 213 patients to assess the construct validity. Six items were removed (three for low communality, one for small loading factors, two for cross loading), resulting in 16 final questions. Assessment with 34 hospital staff involving nurses, doctors and clerks showed significant differences in knowledge between the groups (F = 14.007, p < 0.001) and were able to discriminate doctors from nurses and clerks. Another group of 18 hospital staff administered with AIBDKQ and CCKNOW questionnaires showed a Pearson’s correlation coefficient of 0.8 indicating strong correlation and concurrent predictive validity between the two questionnaires. Final assessment with 38 patients for reliability assessment revealed high intraclass correlation of the questionnaire among the four languages.ConclusionsThe AIBDKQ has an excellent discriminant ability and internal consistency with a strong correlation when compared to the standard CCKNOW questionnaire.

Nursing Student's Perception and Performance Using Rapid Cycle Intentional Simulation: A Quasi-Experiential Pilot Study

BackgroundClinical simulation is a popular method of educating undergraduate student nurses, however it is currently unknown, which specific simulation approach is the most effective at optimizing student learning in the context of the deteriorating patient. This study piloted a novel form of simulation called Rapid Cycle Intentional Simulation, to evaluate undergraduate nurses’ perception and performance in recognizing and responding to clinical deterioration, compared to the standard simulation approach. MethodsA two-phased, prospective, nonequivalent control group design study was implemented, recruiting a total of 138 second year undergraduate nursing students. Simulation groups were randomly assigned to the intervention or standard simulation approaches. The simulation evaluation included observations, student satisfaction and self confidence in learning scale and student knowledge test. ResultsThere were no significant differences in knowledge, perceived confidence, or satisfaction between standard and Rapid Cycle Intentional Simulation. Qualitative observer reflections suggest regular interruptions of Rapid Cycle Intentional Simulation, facilitated critical thinking and willingness to engage in feedback. ConclusionFindings suggests this novel simulation approach, where the facilitator intentionally interrupts the simulation scenario to realign students through real time feedback, improved student performance, engagement, challenged learning avoidance behaviors, and increased student confidence to critique their practice.

Program Ecomposter Sebagai Upaya Pengelolaan Sampah Skala Rumah Tangga

This community service activity aims to increase community knowledge and skills in managing organic and inorganic waste through ECOMPOSTER (ecobrick and composter) programs. The method of implementing this service used counseling and demonstration methods, including educational activities on waste sorting, training on making ecobrick and compost using the Takakura method, and forming ecomposter cadres. The partners of this service were the people of Wonorejo Village RT. 5 and 6, Satui District, Tanah Bumbu Regency, South Kalimantan Province. The instrument for evaluating this activity used a knowledge questionnaire which was statistically analyzed with a paired T-test, an attitude questionnaire which was statistically analyzed with the Wilcoxon test, and a final program evaluation questionnaire which was analyzed descriptively. The results of this service showed that there were significant differences in knowledge and attitudes before and after the provision of education, indicated by a p value &lt;0.05 (0.0007) in knowledge and a p-value &lt;0.05 (0.0036) in attitude. In addition, from the results of this activity, 15 households used the Takakura method of compost, and 23 households made ecobricks at their homes.

The effect of e-booklet education on treatment behaviour of tuberculosis patients at Denpasar City health centre

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease and is amongst the top ten leading causes of death from a single infectious agent. Non-adherence of TB patients to treatment often results in treatment drop out, causing more and more TB patients and antibiotic resistance. It is necessary to continuously provide knowledge through medical education so that patients undergo therapy regularly. Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of e-booklet education on the treatment behaviour of TB patients at the Denpasar City Health Centre. Method: This research is a quasi-experimental type of research with a one-group pre-test-post-test design method. This research used a research instrument in the form of a valid questionnaire with an R-value &gt; R-table and Cronbach's alpha value &gt; 0.6. E-booklet as a digital education has been compiled through focus group discussions with experts (doctors and pharmacists totalling five people). The sample in this study was 30 TB patients in four primary health centres in the city of Denpasar, which were selected by the purposive sampling method. Results: This study's results using the t-test showed a p-value = 0.0001, meaning there is a significant difference in knowledge before and after education. Before education (pre-test), the research subjects had an average score of 3.07. However, 14 days after education (post-test), the average score was 3.37. Conclusion: This study concludes that the provision of e-booklet education can increase TB knowledge in TB patients at the Denpasar City health centre.

Ethnobotanical Study on Wild Edible Plants in Metema District, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia

Wild edible plants are vital for the survival and sustainable livelihoods of rural people of Ethiopia. Thus, this study compiled wild edible plants, their use, threats, and management practices in Metema District, northwestern Ethiopia. Eight sample kebeles were selected purposively based on vegetation coverage and key informants availability. A total of 128 informants were selected using purposive and random sampling techniques. Data were collected using individual interviews, guided field walks, focus group discussion, and market surveys through semistructured questionnaires. Ethnobotanical data collected from the informants were summarized by descriptive statistics, and further verified by using informant consensus, preference, and direct matrix ranking. Knowledge difference among age and sex groups was evaluated by independent sample t-test. A total of 44 wild edible plant species distributed in 34 genera and 25 families were documented. Most (88.64%) of these plant species were found in the wild habitat. Fabaceae and Moraceae accounted for higher proportion of edible plant species. Trees were the dominant habit (59.09%). From the total recorded wild edible plants, 33 (75%) species were used as supplementary foods and 11 (25%) species were used during famine. Fruits were the most edible plant parts (66%) and raw fresh forms were the main conditions of consumption (81.8%). Diospyros abyssinica was the most cited (60.94%) and first ranked. Some edible species such as Adansonia digitata and Balanites aegyptiaca were marketable. Ziziphus spina-christi was found the most multipurpose wild edible plant species. Most of the species (33, 75%) were used as animal fodder followed with traditional medicines (25, 56.82%) and firewood (20, 45.45%). Tamarindus indica, Moringa stenopetala, Balanites aegyptiaca, Grewia ferruginea, Corchorus olitorius, and Cordia africana had nutraceutical values. Significant knowledge differences ( P &lt; 0.05 ) were obtained among sexes and age groups of informants on the number of wild edible plant species they listed. As a result of their multiple roles, wild edible plants are threatened by various anthropogenic activities. Despite this, Metema District still supports good numbers of wild edible plants from which the poor inhabitants complement their basic needs by consuming and marketing them. For sustainable utilization, conservation, value addition, and market linkage practices shall be strengthened to improve the livelihoods of local people and sustainable forest management.

Immersive Virtual Reality and Cadaveric Bone are Equally Effective in Skeletal Anatomy Education: A Randomized Crossover Noninferiority Trial

Immersive virtual reality (IVR) technology is transforming medical education. Our aim was to compare the effectiveness of IVR with cadaveric bone models in teaching skeletal anatomy. A randomized crossover noninferiority trial was conducted. Anatomy laboratory of a large medical school. Incoming first-year medical students. Participants were randomized to IVR or cadaveric groups studying upper limb skeletal anatomy, and then were crossed over to use the opposite tool, to study lower limb skeletal anatomy. Participants in both groups completed a pre-and postintervention knowledge test. The primary endpoint of the study was change in performance from the pre-to postintervention knowledge test. Surveys were completed to assess participant's impressions on IVR as an educational tool. Fifty first-year medical students met inclusion criteria and were randomized. Among all students, the average score on the preintervention knowledge test was 14.6% (standard deviation (SD) = 18.2%) and 25.0% (SD = 17%) for upper and lower limbs, respectively. Percentage increase in scores between pre-and postintervention knowledge test, was 15.0% in the upper limb IVR group, and 16.7% for upper limb cadaveric bones (p = 0.286). For the lower limb, score increase was 22.6% in the IVR and 22.5% in the cadaveric bone group (p = 0.936). 79% of participants found that IVR was most valuable for teaching 3-dimensional orientation, anatomical relationships, and key landmarks. Majority of participants were favorable towards combination use of traditional methods and IVR technology for learning skeletal anatomy (LSM>3). In this randomized controlled trial, there was no significant difference in knowledge after using IVR or cadaveric bones for skeletal anatomy education. These findings have further implications for medical schools that face challenges in acquiring human cadavers and cadaveric parts.

Patient’s and Caregiver’s Awareness On Secondary Prevention Strategy Of Ischemic Stroke

Background: Stroke is a big problem in Bangladesh. Though the incidence of ischemic stroke is stable or increasing, mortality is gradually decreasing. As a result, questions about disability and stroke recurrence are coming forward. A successful prevention strategy for ischemic stroke depends on the patient’s and caregiver’s awareness regarding ischemic stroke. Objectives: The objective of the study was to assess the awareness of the patients and caregivers regarding the secondary prevention strategy of ischemic stroke. Materials and methods: This was a pilot study using a questionnaire developed by a literature review. This observational study was done in the department of neurology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, from March 2015 to February 2018. The study subjects were interviewed face to face with a questionnaire. Results: More than half of the respondents (54.3%) thought that ongoing drugs would cure the stroke, and they were found to be unaware of reducing or controlling their risk factors. Among risk factors, only smoking (86.4%), hypertension (84.3%), lack of regular exercise (84.3%), and being overweight (81.4%) were well-known to the respondents. Conclusion: More than half of the subjects knew the drugs should be taken to cure the disease. There was no significant difference in knowledge between rural and urban people, or males and females, regarding ischemic stroke risk factors. A system of group teaching and group discussion can change the situation. J Dhaka Med Coll. 2022; 31(1) : 15-22

The Effect of Education Through Powtoon-based Learning Media on Balanced Nutrition Knowledge in Adolescents

Several studies in Indonesia have utilized learning media to educate students. Nevertheless, no research looks at the effect of education through learning media on high school students about balanced nutrition using Powtoon, which is website-based. The research design used was a quasi-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design. The research was conducted at SMA Negeri 3 West Aceh Regency. Seventy-three respondents who met the inclusion criteria were selected. The results obtained a p-value of 0.000 (p &lt; 0.05). Respondent's knowledge of balanced nutrition before being given education through Powtoon website-based learning media has a median value of 9 (5-12), and after the intervention, the median value rises to 13 (8 - 15). There is a significant difference in knowledge of balanced nutrition before and after the intervention. Therefore, learning with engaging media provides new experiences for students to understand the material presented. Powtoon learning media can be developed or compared with other learning media to find out which one is superior so that it can be widely used.

Empowerment Cadres of Muslimat Nahdlatul Ulama in Stunting Prevention through Nutrition Education in Bangil Pasuruan

Stunting is one of the nutritional problems faced in the world. The prevalence of stunting in Indonesia is 24.4%, while in Pasuruan Regency it is 22.5%. Most people may not understand the term stunting. The purpose of this community service activity is to increase the knowledge of Muslimat Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) cadres in preventing stunting through nutrition education at Bangil Pasuruan. Method: The target participants for this activity are the Management of the NU Bangil Pasuruan Muslimat Branch. The pre-test and post-test were given as a measure of the participant's level of knowledge after being given education. The provision of this education uses electronic media, namely Power Point regarding inviting toddlers and toddler mothers to come regularly to attend "Posyandu", the benefits of local food and food diversity, accompanying young women to drink iron tablets, assisting prospective brides, assisting pregnant women, and assisting babies to get Exclusive breastfeeding. Results and Discussion: This community service activity was done on Saturday, June 12, 2022, at the Management Building of the NU Muslimat Branch, Bangil, Pasuruan. Attended by 32 participants who were NU Muslimat cadres in Bangil Pasuruan aged 40-65 years. There is an increase of 32.58% in scores from the pre-test to the post-test The statistical analysis results showed a significance value of p &lt;0.05, that there was a significant difference in knowledge among participants in the Pre-Test and Post-Test values. The application of the knowledge gained is a comprehensive effort to prevent stunting and improve the quality of human life in creating a superior generation. Conclusion: Participants experience an increased understanding of stunting prevention through providing education in this community service, with the hope that participants will apply their knowledge to contribute to reducing stunting rates in Bangil Pasuruan.

Effect of Health Promotion on Knowledge and Practice of Health Protocols on Nursing Students in Lebak District

Aims: The impact of COVID-19 on human life is enormous, not only claiming many lives but also being able to cause setbacks in every aspect of life. Prevention of transmission of COVID-19 can be done by providing education about COVID-19 which can increase knowledge and awareness in implementing health protocols. This study will examine differences in knowledge and practice of health protocols before and after COVID-19 prevention interventions for nursing students in Lebak District. Methods: Quantitative research with the pre-experimental method, sampling technique with total sampling, and a sample of 166 nursing students. 2-stage data collection with a questionnaire via Google Forms. The research analysis is Pair T.Test. Intervention is carried out in 2 sessions in 1 week by providing education about COVID-19 to students and conducting simulations of keeping their distance, washing hands with soap, and removing masks. Results: The results showed an increase in the average value of knowledge before and after the intervention, from 9.14 to 9.62. Moreover, there is a significant difference in knowledge about COVID-19 after the intervention of 0.02. Meanwhile, in the practice of health protocols, there was also an increase in the average value from 28.19 to 28.60. Conclusion: After the intervention, there was no relationship between the practice of health protocols for nursing students; this was because the behaviour of COVID-19 practice protocol had not yet become a lifestyle for nursing students. For this reason, it is recommended to provide education and simulation of health protocols to get the expected behaviour.

Veterinary Students' Knowledge and Awareness of Antimicrobial Stewardship before and after Clinical Rotations.

Given the global threat of antimicrobial resistance, it is imperative that veterinary graduates are effective antimicrobial stewards. Veterinary students learn the principles of antimicrobial stewardship explicitly, through pre-clinical coursework, and implicitly, through the cases they each encounter on clinical rotations. We aimed to understand the influence of pre-clinical versus clinical learning on veterinary students' knowledge and awareness of antimicrobial concepts to guide efforts to improve instruction in these areas. To assess knowledge acquisition and to explore student perceptions of antimicrobial stewardship, a standardized online survey was administered to Cornell University veterinary students at two timepoints: in August 2020 before clinical rotations (N = 26 complete responses and N = 24 partial responses) and again in May 2021 after their clinical rotations (N = 17 complete responses and N = 6 partial responses). Overall and section-specific confidence and knowledge scores were calculated, using pairwise deletion for incomplete responses. Students generally had low confidence in antimicrobial topics and correctly answered only half of knowledge questions correctly; they performed the best on antimicrobial resistance knowledge questions. There were no significant differences in knowledge or confidence after clinical rotations. On average, students had only read one antimicrobial stewardship guideline. Students reported that human health care providers contributed more to antimicrobial resistance than veterinarians. In conclusion, graduating veterinary students at our institution have significant knowledge gaps in critical principles that are essential to become antimicrobial stewards. Explicit instruction in antimicrobial stewardship is necessary in the pre-clinical and clinical coursework, and the practical use of antimicrobial stewardship guidelines should be emphasized.

The effects of a non-school setting on quantity and quality of biology knowledge of primary students-A pilot study.

To increase the effectiveness of education is appropriate to incorporate varied teaching methods with multisensory stimulation and with an emphasis on personal and emotional experiences. This study aims to compare the knowledge of biology subject matter acquired by second and fourth-grade primary students. The lesson occurred at a farm in the experimental group and at school in the control group. Students' knowledge levels were assessed before the lesson, after the lesson, after 14 days, after a month, and after six months. When the levels of knowledge after the lesson were compared between the groups, significantly better results (p = 0.001) were recorded in students in the control group. Another 14 days after the lesson, there was no significant difference in knowledge between the groups (p = 0.848). The same results were obtained after a month (p = 0.760) and after six months (p = 0.649). In the experimental group, the intra-group analysis did not show any significant difference in the levels of knowledge before and after the lesson; it was recorded only after 14 days. In contrast, the control group showed a significant improvement in knowledge right after the lesson, which was not observed later on. Most often, this phenomenon was observed in second-grade students. The presence of animals in an educational setting can add many benefits, such as mental well-being, an increase in empathy, or support for socio-emotional development. Since the levels of subject matter knowledge acquired at a farm and at school were similar, it seems that farm lessons should not negatively impact education, and it offers many related positive effects.

Assessment of knowledge, attitude, and practices of acute kidney injury incidence with co-administration of piperacillin/tazobactam and vancomycin among healthcare workers: A cross-sectional study

BackgroundNo studies have identified a link between acute kidney injury (AKI) incidence due to the co-administration of vancomycin and piperacillin/tazobactam (VPT) and healthcare providers’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices. We aimed to (1) assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards AKI due to VPT co-administration among healthcare providers in Saudi Arabia, and (2) examine the relationship between healthcare providers’ knowledge and attitudes about AKI due to VPT co-administration and their practices. MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted between February 2022 and April 2022. Healthcare providers, including physicians, pharmacists, and nurses, were included in the study population. The correlation coefficient assessed the relationship between knowledge, attitude, and practice. Spearman’s rho was used as a test statistic. ResultsOf the invited healthcare providers, 192 responded to the survey. A significant difference in knowledge was found among healthcare providers for two variables: the definition of AKI (p < 0.001) and appropriate management of AKI due to VPT (p = 0.002). Physicians were found to rely less on the most common causative organisms of infection to guide empirical antibiotic therapy (p < 0.001). In addition, physicians were less likely to switch piperacillin/tazobactam to cefepime or meropenem in combination with vancomycin with AKI incidence (p = 0.001). A positive attitude towards the perceived AKI risk with VPT was positively correlated with avoiding using VPT unless no alternatives were available (Rho = 0.336) and taking protective measures when using VPT (Rho = 0.461). ConclusionDeviation has been observed in the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of AKI incidence with the co-administration of piperacillin/tazobactam and vancomycin among healthcare workers. Interventions at the organizational level are recommended to guide best practices.

The Effect of Peer Education of Bone Health on Knowledge Level of High School Students

The goal of this investigation is to ascertain how peer education about bone health affects students' knowledge. A one-group pre-test-post-test design was used in the pre-experimental study design. Twenty-nine students were chosen as the sample for this study using a straightforward random sampling procedure. 27 questions about bone health were included in the questionnaire that served as the study tool. The t-test statistical test was used for univariate and bivariate data analysis. According to the findings, there was a significant difference in knowledge between the two time periods before and after the peer education intervention for bone health (p-value = 0.000). The obtained beta squared value was 0.89, which indicated that peer education interventions for bone health had a significant impact on knowledge growth. A similar study will be conducted in the future to assess attitudes and behavior, as well as the presence of a control group.

State of knowledge on emergency response and crisis management

In the era of late modernity, individual vulnerability is affected by various threats and risks. Consequently, people need to be aware of these and fit in more than ever before. To help people become competent in this changing world and to prepare for future threats, academic institutions play a vital role. To understand such an academic role, a part of the literature has highlighted how a student can better learn emergency responses (ER) and crisis management (CM). Nevertheless, very little literature has focused on how a developing country’s students, particularly teenagers, learn and understand ER and CM. Focusing on such gaps in the literature, this study aims to understand a sample of Bangladeshi secondary students’ state of knowledge related to ER and CM. With the help of cluster sampling, the researcher distributed a survey among a sample of 360 students between 9th and 12th standard from two southern districts respectively Khulna and Noakhali, which are also disaster-prone areas of Bangladesh. Adopting Krathwohl’s model of knowledge typology, such as factual knowledge, conceptual knowledge, procedural knowledge, and metacognitive knowledge, the researcher collected and evaluated the data with descriptive statistics. The findings of this study show that even though most of the students are familiar with different ER- and CM-related keywords, they have limited deeper knowledge. Furthermore, there was a significant knowledge difference between the genders. Similarly, the lack of training in the academic environment also makes these young students vulnerable to any kind of threat from their surroundings that could affect the districts’ weak institutional and legislative structure. The scholarship of this study, which has policymakers and young academics as its possible audience, could assist them in raising the knowledge levels of students by adding new information to textbooks with illustrations and by setting up drills.

Effectiveness of A Nurse-Led Educational Program On Knowledge of Asthma Based On Global Initiative for Asthma Strategy

Asthma is a significant issue in Niger Delta region in Nigeria, especially Rivers State due to side effect of oil exploration. Asthma is generally under- treated resulting in significant burden of disease due to lack of understanding and use of established guidelines and this impacts negatively on the individual, their family, and society as a whole. The study objective is to enhance asthma knowledge among nurses in Rivers State Teaching Hospitals through educational program using adopted GINA guidelinesQuasi-experimental one group pre-post research design was utilized in this study. Self- structure questionnaire developed by researcher was used to collect data before and after the educational program. 52 nurses were purposively selected for this study in collaboration with nurse-leaders in each study setting. 52 questionnaires were administered pre and post educational program and all 52-questionnaire returned yielding 100%. The instrument was validated by supervisor, reliability test using Cronbach's Alpha coefficient yielded 80. Data were analysed using descriptive(percentage) and inferential statistics (paired simple T-test) with use of SPSS version 25. All ethical consideration were strictly adhered to.The findings in this study shows statistically significant improvement in the knowledge of asthma among the participants post educational program with 86.5% (45) of the participants having high level of asthma knowledge against 26.9% (14) of the participants pre -educational program. The summary of paired-sample t-test analysis on the difference in knowledge of asthma before and after nurse led educational program using GINA guideline indicated tcal = 21.00, df = 51, and ttab = 1.96. Since tcal&gt;ttab and P&lt;0.05 indicate significant, hence the null hypothesis which stated that there is no significant difference in knowledge of asthma before and after nurse led educational program using GINA guidelines in Rivers State Teaching Hospitals was rejected. The study concluded that nurse-led educational program using adopted GINA guidelines enhanced nurses’ knowledge of asthma. This implies that with the use of evidence-based guideline, nurses can develop their knowledge, hence enhance their practice of asthma management which will in turn close asthma management gap.

Utilizing KAP in Schools: An Evaluation of Educators' and Staff Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Related to Trauma.

We examined differences in knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to student trauma and trauma-informed practices among various educators and certified staff members in a United States, Midwestern school district. We examined three research questions: 1.) Are there significant differences in knowledge, attitudes, and practices among teachers with differing years' experience? 2.) Are there significant differences in knowledge, attitudes, and practices among primary and secondary educators and staff? 3.) Are there significant differences in knowledge, attitudes, and practices among educators and staff who have participated in professional development (PD) regarding student trauma, and those who have not? We utilized a revised version of the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) survey (Law, 2019) focused on student trauma. The KAP survey was sent via email to all certified staff members in the school district. No significant differences were found among knowledge and attitudes; however, primary school educators implemented significantly more trauma-informed practices compared to secondary educators. Additionally, educators with PD implemented significantly more trauma-informed practices compared to those without PD. Findings revealed our staff members had similar levels of knowledge and attitudes, though practices differed depending on years' experience, PD, and grades taught. Implications for future research relating to student trauma and the research-to-practice gap are discussed.

Pelatihan Konselor Sebaya Dalam Optimalisasi Pengetahuan Terhadap Ancaman Dasar Kesehatan Reproduksi Remaja

Adolescence is a period of physical and mental changes Psychologically, since there is a transition from childhood to adulthood. Adolescent reproductive health problems can affect not only the body, but also long-term mental and emotional health. One of the strategies that can be used is to form a peer training group. Peer counselors are educators whose age is the same age as adolescents. Activitiesare carried out through training and mentoring methods. Phase I Provision of information. Stage II with Roll Play/role-playing game. Phase III conducted a Focus Group Discussion. Phase IV is carried out through Simulation and Exercise and finally stage V performs reflection. The data was processed using SPSS with a Paired Sample Test. This activity was carried out since November 17 and November 23, 2022 at the Madrasah Aliyah Al-Istiqomah school in Bandung City and was attended by 450 students. As a result, there was a significant difference between knowledge before and after training t -40,882 with a siginifiance of 0.000 smaller than alpha 0.05. and there was a significant difference in knowledge before and after training in students with an average increase of -32,369. P Peer counselor training is effective in increasing adolescent reproductive knowledge as well as improving the ability to counsel peers.

Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards probiotics for gut-skin axis among health science undergraduates: An online cross-sectional study

BackgroundNutrition-based strategies to improve skin health via gut-skin axis have become increasingly popular. As future healthcare providers, health science undergraduates have the potential to shape public attitudes and practices related to health management. This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) towards probiotics for gut-skin axis among health science undergraduates. MethodsAn online cross-sectional study was performed on 221 health science undergraduates using a self-administered questionnaire. ResultsAmong the 221 respondents, 48.0% of health science undergraduates demonstrated good knowledge, 67.4% had neutral attitudes and 69.2% exhibited poor practices with regards to probiotics. Females scored significantly higher on knowledge score than males (p = 0.002). There were significant differences in knowledge (p = 0.003) and practice (p = 0.015) scores across different years of study, with fourth-year students outperforming first- and second-year students. Additionally, significant differences in knowledge (p < 0.001) and attitude (p < 0.001) scores were found among the three groups of cumulative grade point average (CGPA) range. Undergraduates with a CGPA of 2.50–2.99 achieved the lowest scores on knowledge and attitude components. Significant correlations were found between the knowledge-attitude, knowledge-practice, and attitude-practice variables (p < 0.001). Health science undergraduates with lower knowledge scores (β = −0.231, p = 0.007) and higher practice scores (β = 0.269, p < 0.001) had greater skin problems. ConclusionThe current study demonstrated that most of the health science undergraduates had good knowledge, neutral attitudes, and poor practices of probiotics for gut-skin axis. Further study on assessing the source of information of probiotics towards gut-skin axis among health science undergraduates is highly warranted.