Significant Difference In Control Group Research Articles

The effect of video training on symptom burden, comfort level, and quality of life in hemodialysis patients: Clustered randomized controlled trial

ObjectiveUse of video in patient education is becoming widespread due to its low cost, time management, ease of application, and permanent learning. The study aimed to investigate the effect of video training on the symptom burden, comfort level, and quality of life of patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment. MethodsIn this clustered randomized controlled trial, the patients were randomly assigned to groups by lottery method according to hemodialysis treatment days and sessions. Individuals in the intervention group(n = 26) were screened one episode of the training video in each session for three episodes per week for 12 weeks. Individuals in the control group(n = 22) received only conventional hemodialysis without video training. ResultsAt the third and fourth measurement times, in intervention group, mean scores of symptom burden decreased compared to baseline (respectively:40,12 ± 21,63; 22,31 ± 14,08;21,54 ± 16,78), mean scores of comfort level increased (respectively:102,42 ± 13,45; 111,42 ± 8,00;115,04 ± 9,73)(p < 0.05), while there was no significant difference in control group(p > 0.05). This study observed a statistically significant difference between quality of life scale scores individuals in intervention group(p < 0,05). ConclusionIt was concluded that video training delivered to patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment decreased symptom burden of patients and increased their comfort level, and quality of life. Practice implicationsVideo training can be utilized in the educational program of hemodialysis patients.

Effectiveness of Warm Water Foot Submerged Technique on the Level of Fatigue, Quality of Sleep, and Quality of Life among Patients with Cancer in Selected Hospital at Mangaluru

Abstract Introduction Cancer is the most leading cause of death globally. Fatigue and poor quality of sleep are the common side effects of cancer treatment that lead to poor quality of life. There is a need of complementary therapy, which can help to minimize the side effects of cancer treatment and boosting relaxation. Warm water foot submerged technique helps to relieve fatigue and improve the quality of sleep; hence, quality of life can be improved. This study was conducted to assess effectiveness of warm water foot submerged technique on the level of fatigue, quality of sleep, and quality of life among patients with cancer. Materials and Methods A quasi-experimental pretest and post-test control group research design was adopted to conduct the study in oncology ward of selected hospital. Sixty-eight participants were recruited using a nonprobability purposive sampling technique and allocated to intervention and control groups. Data was collected using multidimensional fatigue inventory, Groningen sleep quality scale, EORTC QLQ-C30. The control group received normal routine care and the intervention group received warm water foot submerged technique that was given for 15 minutes two times per day for 5 consecutive days. Results Warm water foot submerged technique showed a significant difference in level of fatigue (p &lt; 0.05), quality of sleep (p &lt; 0.001), and quality of life (p &lt; 0.001) in the intervention group. There was no significant difference in control group. Conclusion This study showed that the warm water foot submerged technique is effective in reducing the fatigue and improving the quality of sleep and quality of life among patients with cancer. Thus, this study was found to be effective.

Effect of nursing intervention on anxiety during labour among primigravida mothers in JIPMER, Puducherry: Randomized control trial

Background: Childbirth is universally celebrated and significant moment in women’s life. More than 90% of prenatal anxiety and stress is related to the process of labour. Understanding the suffering of mother and providing safe labour with less pain and anxiety is one of the fundamental principles of modern obstetrics. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of nursing intervention to reduce the anxiety during labour among primigravida mothers.Methods: A Randomized control trial was carried out among 66 primigravida mothers in Antenatal outpatient department, Labour room in tertiary care hospital, Puducherry by simple random sampling with computerised random numbers and divided into experimental and control group, 33 in each. Pre-test anxiety level was assessed by using modified anxiety scale to both the groups and nursing intervention was given to experimental group and control group were received routine care.Results: The result showed that in terms of comparing the pre-test and post-test level of anxiety during labour after giving nursing intervention shows statistically highly significant (p<0.001) in experimental group and no significant difference in control group p value (0.052). Conclusions: Mothers especially primigravida mothers experience anxiety during labour (p<0.001). Thus, the study concluded that nursing interventions were effective in reducing the anxiety level of primigravida during labour.

“Effectiveness of Ambulation During First Stage of Labor on Maternal Parameters Among Primi Mothers in A Selected Hospital at Mangaluru”

Introduction: The birthing women experiences, many demanding sensation and discomfort during labour and child birth. The childbearing women commonly tensed about childbirth and delivery. Ambulation during first stage of labour eases the process and it became a popular measure during this phase. Ambulation has also been found to increase foeto-maternal circulation which in turn increases the well-being of the new-born as well. Through the literature review, movement in labour to facilitates the progress of labour and enhance child birth satisfaction. This consciousness made the researcher to supply or issue the method of ambulation during the first stage of labour. With this aim, the study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of ambulation on maternal parameters in first stage of labor among the primi mother.&#x0D; Materials and Methods: A quasi experimental posttest only control group design was adopted to evaluate the efficacy of ambulation during first stage of labor on maternal parameters among primi mothers. Non probability purposive sampling technique was used to recruit 40 primi mothers who are in first stage of labor and were assigned into experimental group and control group. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the demographic variable; Numerical pain rating scale was used to assess the intensity of pain, Tool to assess the frequency and duration of uterine contraction, Stethoscope to assess the foetal heart rate and opinionnaire on ambulation was used to assess the maternal parameters. Tool was administered for 20 minutes at different time interval for experimental group only. Mothers in the control group underwent routine treatment. The data obtained was analyzed and interpreted using descriptive and inferential statistics.&#x0D; Results: The study findings showed that there is significant difference in the pain level in both groups. The mean and standard deviation in 2nd post intervention in experimental group is 3.35+0.48 and in control group 2.95+ 0.22. There was significant difference and comparison of cervical dilatation among both the groups. The mean and standard deviation in 2nd post intervention in experimental group is 2.20 +0.41 and in control group 2.10 + 0.30. The comparison of frequency of contraction among both the groups is significant. In this mean and standard deviation in 2nd post intervention in experimental group is 2.20 + 0.41 and in control group 2.10 + 0.00. The comparison of duration of contraction among both the groups is significant. In this mean and standard deviation in 2nd post intervention in experimental group is 2.05 + 0.68 and in control group 2.00 + 0.00 was statistically significant. The comparison of FHR among both the groups is significant. In this mean and standard deviation in 2nd post intervention in experimental group is 3.80 + 0.41 and in control group 3.75 + 0.63. There is no significant difference in control group. There was no significant association between the selected demographic variables with maternal parameters such as pain, cervical dilatation, frequency of contraction, duration of contraction in experimental and control group. There is a significant association between age and fetal heart rate in experimental group.&#x0D; Conclusion: The study concluded that the ambulation technique is effective to reduce the duration of labor in first stage among primi mothers. The mothers in the experimental group who were administered ambulation technique experienced reduction in the duration of labor.

Clinical observation on correction of abnormal cervical sagittal parameters by cervical pulling method guided by cervical motion segment extension

To observe the radiological change and curative effect of cervical spondylosis treated with cervical vertebra pulling therapy in young people. A total of 65 patients(shedding in 5 patients and final inclusion in 60 patients) with cervical spondylosis who were treated from January 2018 to September 2019 were randomly divided into treatment group and control group according to the digital table method. There were 30 patients in treatment group, including 14 males and 18 females, aged from 20 to 44 years old with an average of(29.83±6.99) years, who were treated with cervical vertebra pulling therapy(once a week, 4 times in total). The control group consisted of 30 cases, 12 males and 18 females, aged from 18 to 43 years old with an average of (31.77±5.93) years, who received sitting traction therapy(once a week, 4 times in total). The changes of C2-C7 Cobb angle, arc-chord distance and T1 slope (T1S) in two groups were observed before treatment and 1 month after treatment, for intra-group and inter-group comparison;and the changes of numerical rating scale(NRS) in two groups were observed before treatment and 1, 3 months after treatment, for intra-group and inter-group comparison. Sixty patients were followed up for (3.2±0.3) months. There were no significant differences in NRS, C2-C7 Cobb angle, arc-chord distance and T1S between two groups before treatment (P>0.05). One month after treatment, the NRS, C2-C7 Cobb angle, arc-chord distance and T1S were(1.67±0.76) scores, (16.55±6.01)°, (10.95±4.04)mm, (18.95±4.19)° in treatment group and(1.40±0.86) scores, (10.23±5.94) °, (6.11±4.17) mm, (13.34±4.25)° in control group respectively. C2-C7 Cobb angle, arc-chord distance and T1S in treatment group were better than those in control group (P<0.05); there was no significant difference in NRS between two groups (P>0.05). Compared with before treatment, there were statistically significant differences in C2-C7 Cobb angle, arc-chord distance and T1S in treatment group(P<0.05), but no statistically significant differences in control group(P>0.05). Three months after operation, NRS of treatment group was (1.60±0.62) scores and that of control group was (4.17±0.70) scores. The treatment group was better than the control group(P<0.05). The scores of treatment group after treatment were lower than those before treatment(P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in control group before and after treatment(P>0.05). Cervical vertebra pulling method and cervical vertebra sitting traction can relieve the pain symptoms of patients with cervical spondylosis, but the effect of cervical vertebra pulling method is more durable;cervical vertebra pulling method can correct abnormal cervical sagittal parameters.

Mirabegron vs. solifenacin in control of endoscopically inserted ureteral stent-related symptoms.

We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of Mirabegron vs. solifenacin to treat LUTS resulting from DJ-stent insertion. A total of 97 patients who had DJ-stent inserted for urinary stone disease were randomly divided into three groups according to received treatment. Group A took Mirabegron 50mg daily, group B took solifenacin 5mg daily from the 4th day after stent placement until the stent was removed, and group C only was hydrated well. All patients were evaluated by USSQ and IPSS at 4th day post-insertion of ureteral stent, follow-up day before removing of stent and post-removal of stent. The USSQ urinary symptom scores at day 4 comparing to day of removal of stent showed significant difference in between study groups (32 ± 6-13 ± 6 vs. 31 ± 6-14 ± 4 in Mirabegron and solifenacin, respectively) and without significant difference in control group. The USSQ body pain score significantly decreased in both Mirabegron and solifenacin groups at day of stent removal comparing to day 4 post-insertion of DJ with insignificant decreasing in the control group. Quality of life scores showed significant improving in Mirabegron and solifenacin group, and there was no difference in control group at 4 and 14days after treatment. No severe complications were observed in either group. In our series, we indicate that Mirabegron and solifenacin can be used to improve symptoms caused by the insertion of DJ-stent without significant difference.

Effect of aerobic exercises on physical efficiency index among the adolescents

Aerobic exercise is an activity in which every human being engages to one degree or another, during the course of his or her life. It is the at most importance to know the physiological mechanisms that sustain and act as the basis of everyone response to exercise. So, this was an attempt to investigate the Effect of Aerobic Exercises on Physical Efficiency Index among the Adolescents. Sixty male students were selected randomly from U.G. level of Vivekananda Mission Mahavidyalaya and divided equally in two groups and designed as Experimental group of thirty students and Control group of thirty students. The Experimental group underwent different aerobic exercises for eight weeks by maintaining a schedule. There was no any training programme for Control group. Physical Efficiency Index was measured by Harvard Step Test. In results, it was found that there was significant difference between pre-test and post-test in experimental group but no significant difference in control group. So, it was evident that aerobic exercises impact significantly on physical efficiency index among the adolescents.

Effects of Bacillus subtilis ZJ-2019-1 on Zearalenone Toxicosis in Female Gilts.

The purpose of this research was to investigate the toxicity of zearalenone (ZEN) on the growth performance, genital organs, serum hormones, biomarkers, and histopathological changes of female gilts and to evaluate the efficacy of Bacillus subtilis ZJ-2019-1 in alleviating ZEN toxicosis in gilts. Twenty-four female gilts were randomly allocated to four groups with six replicates per group and one gilt per replicate, fed on four feeds prepared previously, which were basic diet (control group, C group), ZEN diet (Z group), Zlb diet (Zlb group) containing B. subtilis ZJ-2019-1 in liquid form, and Zdb diet (Zdb group) containing B. subtilis ZJ-2019-1 in dehydrated form. The results showed that the vulva size and relative weight of reproductive organs had no significant difference in the control group, Zlb group, and Zdb group, but were significantly lower than in the Z group (p < 0.05); the relative weight of the liver was lower in the C group, Zlb group, and Zbd group than in the Z group (0.05 < p < 0.1). The concentration of serum glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH) was lower, but follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) was higher in the Z group, Zlb group, and Zdb group than in the Z group (0.05 < p < 0.1). Additionally, serum luteinizing hormone (LH) concentration had no significant difference in the C group, Zlb group, and Zdb group but was significantly lower than in the Z group (p < 0.05); estradiol (E2) was significantly lower in the Zlb group and Zdb group than that in C group, but significantly higher than that in Z group (p < 0.05); PRL was significantly higher in the Zlb group and Zdb group than in the C group, but was significantly lower than in Z group (p < 0.05). ZEN and its reduced metabolites were measured in biological samples after enzymatic hydrolysis of the conjugated forms. The concentration of serum ZEN and its metabolite, α-zeralenol (α-ZOL), had no significant difference in Zlb, Zdb, and control groups but was significantly lower than in the Z group (p < 0.05); urine ZEN and its metabolites, α-ZOL and β-zeralenol (β-ZOL), had no significant difference in Zlb, Zdb, and control groups but was significantly lower than in the Z group (p < 0.05). Cell damages were observed in the liver, uterus, and ovary of gilts in the Z group and alleviated in Zlb and Zdb groups, but the loss of oocytes was irreversible in the ovary. The ZEN-contaminated diet caused serious changes in female hormones and brought harm to the livers and reproductive organs, but B. subtilis ZJ-2019-1 could naturally remove the ZEN significantly, which ameliorated the reproductive impairment in gilts caused by ZEN. The addition of B. subtilis ZJ-2019-1 to ZEN-contaminated feeds could ameliorate the toxic effects effectively, regardless of liquid or dry culture. Therefore, the B. subtilis ZJ-2019-1 strain has great potential industrial applications.

Non-auditory effects of industrial chronic noise exposure on workers; change in salivary cortisol pattern.

SummaryBackgroundNoise has different auditory and non-auditory effects on human. In noisy environments, noise as a non-specific stressor can activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA, cortisol). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of chronic exposure to noise on salivary cortisol on industrial workers.MethodsThis cross-sectional study had a case/control design. 136 male workers (68 workers were exposed to chronic industrial noise, and 68 other workers were exposed to background noise) voluntarily enrolled in the study. The equivalent noise level was measured at workstations and salivary cortisol for both case and control groups was measured at the beginning (6 AM) and also at the end of work shift (4 PM). The amount of change in the average of the values of the two groups were compared with each other.ResultsThe measured Leq8h (equivalent continuous sound level) in case and control groups were 87.43 dB-A and 67.6 dB-A, respectively. Comparison of salivary cortisol levels change in groups shows a significant differences in control groups for salivary cortisol in the morning and in the evening samples (p < 0.05); but not in the case group (p = 0.052). Also, comparison of salivary cortisol levels changes with noise exposure experience in the case subgroups revealed no significant difference (p > 0.05).ConclusionThis study showed that chronic exposure to industrial noise can lead to a change in pattern of salivary cortisol secretion especially in the evening (at the end of the work shift), in a way that instead of its normal decrease, an increase happened.

Micronized progesteron in complex pregravid preparation and pregnancy management in women with recurrent pregnancy loss on the background of chronic endometritis

Purpose of the study: to determine the effectiveness of micronized progesterone with antibacterial therapy in the complex of pregravid training and during pregnancy in women with recurrent pregnancy loss on the background of chronic endometritis.Materials and methods. It was assessed the course of pregnancy and childbirth on clinical and instrumental grounds with a prospective analysis of reproductive losses in women with recurrent miscarriage and chronic endometritis. 45 pregnant women with recurrent miscarriage on the background of chronic endometritis formed the main group and were prospectively examined. Main group were divided into subgroups: I subgroup – 24 patients who were included in the study at the stage of perconception training; subgroup II – 21 patients who were included in the study with a diagnosed pregnancy for up to 12 weeks. The control group consisted of 32 pregnant women with a normal course of previous pregnancies without a history of reproductive loss.Results. Patients with recurrent miscarriage and chronic endometritis who received a complex of preconception training with support of the luteal phase with micronized progesterone showed a statistically significantly lower percentage of clinical symptoms of threatened abortion, with no significant difference in control group. Thus, only 2 (8.3%) patients lost pregnancy in the I subgroup who received the proposed preconception therapy, and 6 (28,5%) women lost pregnancy in the II subgroup who started taking micronized progesterone only from the moment of pregnancy diagnosed.Conclusions. Obtained results prove the effectiveness of the micronized progesterone (Utrogestan®) at the stage of pre-pregnancy training in women with recurrent pregnancy loss and chronic endometritis, as evidenced by the percentage of reproductive losses. The universality of routes of administration for micronized progesterone and possibility of its use throughout pregnancy contributes to individualize of treatment regimens

The sophrology as adjuvant therapy may improve the functionality of patients with fibromyalgia. A pilot randomized controlled trial

Introduction: Sophrology is the science of the serene spirit applied to human consciousness. Body relaxation exercises are not yet a consensus in the treatment of fibromyalgia. Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of a relaxation exercise program based on sophrology in patients with fibromyalgia. Method: This is a pilot study, controlled, randomized and with blinded evaluator and eighteen patients with medical diagnosis of fibromyalgia were randomized into two groups: the intervention group (IG) who participated in sophrology sessions (n= 8) and control group (CG) who participated of a resistance training program (n= 10). Both groups underwent treatments 2 times per week for 12 weeks and reevaluations every 4 weeks. The assessment instruments used were the visual analogic scale of pain (VAS), the satisfaction with the treatment by the Likert scale, the 6-minute walk test (6MWT), the Timed Up and Go test (TUG) and the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ). Results: We did not find statistical differences in any of the variables between the groups. The intragroup evaluation, there was a significant difference in CG for TC6 (p= 0.01) and TUG (p= 0.04). In IG there was a statistically significant difference (p = 0.02) for the FIQ. Conclusion: Thus, the improvement in 6MWT and TUG in the CG and the improvement in the FIQ in the IG group showed promising results, although studies with larger sample is needed for more accurate results.

INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECTS OF EXPLOSIVE STRENGTH TRAINING ON PHYSICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL CAPACITIES OF FUTSAL PLAYERS

The aim of the study is to investigate the effects of explosive strength training applied to futsal athletes for 8 weeks on determined physical and physiological parameters. Experimental group took explosive strength training 3 days in a week. The control group did not perform any sports activities for 8 weeks. The experimental group of the study consisted of n = 18 male futsalists with age 21.2±1.9 years, height 1.79±,038 cm and weight 71.9±4.05 kg. The control group consisted of n=18 male futsalists with age 22.3±2.2 years, 1.77±,046 cm and a body weight 73.48±3.98 kg. The participants are university students and the studies are planned in a way that will not hinder their education. In the statistical analysis research, the results of futsal players were evaluated in the SPSS-19 program. It was seen that the values obtained from the participants showed normal distribution. The results obtained from participants were evaluated with the paired-T test. After the rapid force studies, there was a statistically significant difference in the handgrip values of the experimental group athletes, while there was no significant difference in the control group. There was no statistically significant difference in experiment and control group of body weight, total muscle rate, body fat percentage, flexibility, 10m speed, vertical jump, shot velocity, resting heart rate (RHR), anaerobic power values (p<0.05). Tests were applied to all participants before and after the studies. Article visualizations:

Daily versus stat vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy; A prospective cohort study.

Despite favorable climatic conditions, vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is widespread in Pakistan. Current study was aimed to evaluate the prevalence of VDD in Pakistani pregnant women and effectiveness of various regimen of Vitamin D supplementation. This hospital-based prospective cohort study included pregnant women at 12th to 24th weeks of gestation attending Gynae clinic from October 2018 to April 2019. Patients were classified into control and treatment groups (Groups: G1, G2 and G3) according to the dose of vitamin D supplementation. Patients received various regimens of vitamin D including 2000 IU/day (G1), 5000 IU/day (G2) and stat 200000 IU (G3). The levels of vitamin D were measured before and after supplementation. The effectiveness of dosages were compared between and within the groups. Moreover, factors associated with vitamin D sufficiency and insufficiency were ascertained using appropriate statistical methods. Among 281 pregnant women (mean age: 28.22 ± 4.61 years), VDD was prevalent in 47.3% cases. Vitamin D supplementation caused significant rise in the levels 25(OH)D in treatment groups, while there was no significant difference in control group. The highest mean increment in vitamin D (23.14 ± 11.18 ng/ml) was observed with dose 5000 IU/day followed by doses 200000 IU stat (21.06 ± 13.73 ng/ml) and 2000 IU/day (10.24 ± 5.65 ng/ml). Vitamin D toxicity was observed in one patient who received 200000 IU stat of vitamin D. The frequency of VDD following the supplementation was 5.7%. Education status, duration of sun exposure and use of sunblock was substantially associated with vitamin D sufficiency in the current study. Our findings underscore the high proportion of VDD among pregnant women in Pakistan. Maternal vitamin D supplementation substantially improved the levels of 25(OH)D. Of three used regimens, the dose of 5000 IU/day is considered safe and equally effective as of 200000 IU stat. Since pregnancy is a time of tremendous growth and physiological changes for mother and her developing fetus with lifelong implications for the child, gestational vitamin D supplementation should be considered to ensure the optimal vitamin D accrual in pregnant women. This study generates the hypothesis that vitamin D supplementation at a dose of 5000 IU/day during pregnancy is superior to the other regimens. However, well-controlled randomized trials are needed to confirm these findings.

Effect of high-volume hemofiltration on children with sepsis.

BackgroundSepsis has always been a challenge in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) with poor prognosis. In order to evaluate the effect between routine continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) and high-volume hemofiltration (HVHF) in children with sepsis, we performed out this prospective, randomized, controlled, open-label trial.MethodsForty-seven children with sepsis were enrolled from January 2015 to December 2016. Twenty-two patients in Control group received routine CRRT and 25 patients in HVHF group received HVHF within 6 hours after the diagnosis of sepsis. The oxygenation index, serum creatinine, urea, lactate, inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α), pediatric risk of mortality III (PRISM III) and 28-day mortality rate were collected and compared.ResultsThe oxygenation index in HVHF group and Control group was significantly increased at 48 hours (P<0.01) and 72 hours after treatment (P<0.05). The same result of arterial lactate was observed. Serum creatinine, urea, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α and PRISM III score were significantly ameliorated after 72 hours treatment in HVHF group (P<0.01), while there was no significant difference in Control group. After 72 hours of treatment, the oxygenation index, lactate, serum creatinine, urea, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10 and PRISM III score in HVHF group were significantly improved compared with Control group (P<0.01). There is no significant difference on 28-day mortality between the two groups (P>0.05).ConclusionsHVHF might be an effective treatment for children with sepsis.

Evaluating pre- and post-operation plasma miRNAs of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients in comparison to benign nodules

BackgroundThyroid cancer is the most common endocrinology cancer that its incidence has increased in recent decades. miRNAs are new biomarkers in recent studies in the diagnosis and follow-up of these patients.MethodsBlood and thyroid tissue samples were obtained from two groups of included patients (PTC and benign nodules), pre- and post-operation. miRNAs were extracted from these plasma samples and were measured quantitatively. After cDNA synthesis, qPCR was carried out. Then tissue samples were investigated, and their relation to miR expression was studied. These results were analyzed by paired- and independent samples t-test, and non-parametric tests.ResultsmiR-222 and miR-181a declined in PTC patients before and after surgery, significantly (P < 0.001 for both groups), with no significant difference in control group before and after surgery (P = 0.61 for miR-222 and P = 0.06 for miR-181a). The difference between the two groups, pre-and post-operation, was statistically significant (P = 0.01 for miR-222 and P < 0.001 for miR-181a). Comparing case and control groups, pre- and post-operatively, yielded no significant difference, in miR-155-5p levels (P = 0.61 and P = 0.53, respectively). Comparing PTC and control groups before surgery showed a significant difference (P = 0.01), while no significant difference was observed comparing them after surgery, in miR146-a (P = 0.27). Our results depicted a higher miR-155-5p and miR-146a expression before surgery than after it (P < 0.001 in both groups, for both miRs). We found a significant relationship between miR-222 and BRAFV600E mutation and significantly higher levels of miR-181a with increasing tumor size in PTC patients.ConclusionmiR-222 showed overexpression in all PTC cases, which is indicative of a relation between miRNA and PTC. Also, comparing miR-181 and miR-146a showed a significant difference between cancerous and benign cases. miR-155-5p as an inflammatory factor, showed no significant changes, comparing two groups.

Assessment of Left Ventricular Remodeling Index in Hypertensive Patients Using Two- and Three-Dimensional Transthoracic Echocardiography

Background: Hypertensive heart disease (HHD) and coronary artery disease (CAD) generally develop left ventricular remodeling. Therefore, it is of great importance for how to assess HHD and CAD’s left ventricular remodeling which can influence vital diagnosis, therapeutic decisions and prognosis. Aim of the Work: to assess left ventricular remodeling index in HTN patients compared to normal patients using 2D and 3D transthoracic echocardiography. Patients and Methods: This study included 120 subjects at Cardiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University during the period from October 2018 to June 2019. They were divided into two groups: Group A (Patient group): which included (100) hypertensive patient. Group B (Control group): which included (20) age and sex matched apparently healthy individuals. Results: There were no significant differences in age and sex inter-group. LVRI detected by RT3DE and 2DE showed significant differences inter-group (1.72±0.04 vs 1.94±0.07, 1.73±0.04 vs 2.17±0.05); and significant differences in patient (1.94±0.07 vs 2.17±0.05), but no significant differences in control group (1.72±0.04 vs 1.73±0.04). Correlation analysis indicated that there was a good positive correlation between LVRI detected by RT3DE and 2DE in control and patient groups (r=0.91, 0.79, all P<0.001). Conclusion: LVRI derived from RT3DE can provide more superiority to LVRI derived from 2DE as an index for evaluating left ventricular remodelling.

Efficacy of long-term treatment with Teriparatide on osteoporotic intertrochanteric fracture in the elderly

Objective To observe the efficacy of long-term treatment with Teriparatide on osteoporotic intertrochanteric fracture in the elderly. Methods The elderly patients with osteoporotic intertrochanteric fracture meeting inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited.They received proximal femoral nail anti-rotation(PFNA)surgery with the combined intakes of calcium of 600 mg/day and 1-alpha, 25-(OH)2-vitamin D3 analogs of 0.5 μg/day as a basic standard treatment protocol(BSTP). The study subjects included control group(n=10)who underwent PFNA surgery plus oral calcium and vitamin D supplements without teriparatide(20 μg/d), and the observation group who received PFNA surgery plus oral calcium and vitamin D supplements with teriparatide(20 μg/d), for more than twelve months or over at our department from October 2012 to February 2016.Gender, age, socio-demographics and clinical values of the American Society of Anesthesiologists(ASA)score, fracture types, preoperative serum albumin level, preoperative BMI, bone mineral density 1 week postoperatively, serum N-terminal propeptide of type I collagen(PINP)and C-terminal telopeptides of type 1 collagen(β-CTX)1 week postoperatively were matched between the two groups, no statistically significant difference was found(all P>0.05). Levels of PINP and β-CTX 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively, BMD 1 year postoperatively, fracture healing time and complications were compared between the two groups.The prognosis of 1 case of patient undergoing conservative treatment was observed. Results There was no significant difference between the two groups in serum levels of PINP and β-CTX 1 week postoperatively(P=0.362 and 0.517, respectively). Serum level of PINP was significantly increased in observation group at 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively versus at 1 week postoperatively(P=0.008, 0.001 and 0.004, respectively), while serum level of PINP had no significant difference in control group at 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively versus at 1week postoperatively(P>0.05). Serum levels of PINP 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively were higher in the observation group than in control(P=0.002, 0.002 and 0.000, respectively). In the observation group, serum β-CTX level reached the peak at 6 months after surgery, which was higher than that at 1 week after surgery(P=0.041), and slowly decreased at 12 months after surgery.In the control group, β-CTX slowly increased at 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively versus at 1 week postoperatively(P>0.05). There was no significant difference in BMD of lumbar spine and contralateral hip between the two groups at 1 week postoperatively(P=0.440 and 0.325). At 1 year postoperatively versus at 1 week postoperatively, the BMD of lumbar spine and contralateral hip was increased(P=0.039 and 0.009)in the observation group, while was decreased(P>0.05)in control group.The fracture healing time was shorter in observation group than in control group(13.6±2.2 weeks vs.17.6±3.4 weeks, P=0.033). No one had a delayed fracture healing in observation group and 1 patient showed a delayed fracture healing in the control group.There were no complications such as lag screw sliding, refracture, pressure ulcer and deep vein thrombosis in both groups.The fracture nonunion was found in the patient undergoing conservative treatment after 20 months of teriparatide treatment. Conclusions The medium-and long-term of teriparatide treatment can significantly promote bone formation, improve BMD of the lumbar spine and hip, and shorten fracture healing time in patients with osteoporotic intertrochanteric fracture, but it is not a substitute for surgical treatment. Key words: Osteoporosis; Hip fractures; Teriparatide

The Effect of Hydrotherapy on Pain, Joint Position Sense, and Two-Point Discrimination in Women with Nonspecific Chronic Low Back Pain

Introduction: Patients with nonspecific chronic low back pain experience deficit in joint position sense acuity and two-point discrimination, and these deficits are associated with pain in these patients. The aim of present study was to evaluate the effect of hydrotherapy on pain, joint position sensee, and two-point discrimination in patients with nonspecific chronic low back pain and motor control impairment. Material and Methods: 25 women with nonspecific chronic low back pain were selected using Oswestry Disability Questionnaire, and randomly assigned into 2 groups of hydrotherapy (n = 12) and control (n = 13). The experimental group performed an eight weeks of hydrotherapy exercises, and control group did not perform exercise. Before and after complementation of intervention, visual analogue scale, goniometer, and caliper were used to assess pain, joint position sense, and two-point discrimination, respectively. Within and between group comparisons were done using paired t and independent t tests. Results: In hydrotherapy group, there were significant differences between pretest and posttest in pain (P = 0.007), joint positon sense (P = 0.005), and two-point discrimination (P = 0.008); whereas there was not any significant difference in control group. Conclusion: Hydrotherapy exercises result in decreasing pain, improvement in joint position sense, and two-point discrimination of women with nonspecific chronic low back pain and motor control impairment. So, use of these exercises is recommended for treatment of nonspecific chronic low back pain.

A six-week pilates exercise protocol for improving physical and mental health-related parameters

Main Problem: Pilates, as a body-mind exercise method has an increasing popularity in recent years especially among young women. But there is not enough evidence whether this exercise method contributes to the physical or/and psychological condition of individuals. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of an original six-week Pilates Exercise Protocol on young females’ health-related parameters including anthropometric features, emotional state, fatigue, and quality of life. Methods: Fifty-one sedentary females aged between 18 and 25 were randomly assigned to Pilates Exercise Group (n=25), and Control Group (n=26). Pilates Exercise Group performed a six-week Pilates exercise protocol whereas Control Group did not participate any regular physical activity during six weeks. Anthropometric features, anxiety, depression, fatigue, and quality of life of the subjects were assessed at the baseline and after six weeks. Results: Weight (p=0.005), body mass index (p=0.005), waist (p&lt;0.001), hip (p=0.002), and thigh circumferences (p&lt;0.001), severity of anxiety (p=0.001), depression (p=0.001), and fatigue (p&lt;0.001) significantly decreased in Pilates Exercise Group after six weeks besides vitality (p=0.005), and mental health (p=0.021) domains of quality of life increased. There were no significant differences in Control Group (p&gt;0.005) after six weeks except of anxiety (p=0.010), and fatigue (p=0.032). Conclusions: The current Pilates exercise protocol contribute to the physical, and psycological well being of young females in terms of anthropometric features, emotional state, fatigue, and some domains of quality of life.

12주간 복합운동이 여고생의 건강관련체력, 부신피질 자극 호르몬과 코티졸 농도에 미치는 영향

This study composed exercise group and control group each with 10 highschool girls living in B city, conducted 12-week exercise combining aerobic and muscle exercise to examine its influence on ACTH and cortisol which is known as health –related fitness and stress index, and physiological factor. The study conclusions are as below.BR As for the body composition, exercise group showed significant decrease in %BF and BMI, while LBM showed significant increase. The control group did not show significant difference. The two groups did not show significant difference.BR As for the fitness, the exercise group showed significant increase in muscular endurance and cardiovascular endurance and control group showed no significant difference. Two groups showed significant difference in cardiovascular endurance. As for the muscular endurance and flexibility, there was no significant difference within group or between two groups.BR ACTH did not show significant difference within group or between two groups, Cortisol showed significant decrease in exercise group, but did not show significant difference in control group or between two groups. Therefore, the study concluded that the continuous combined exercise is beneficial to physical health by bringing positive effect on health-related fitness and stress relaxation.