Significant Decrease In Vitamin Research Articles

Serbest yüzme safhasına ulaşanOncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum 1792) yavrularında açlık sonrası oksidatif stres ve antioksidan savunmalar

Oxidative stress and antioxidant enzyme activities after starvation of Oncorhynchus mykiss larvae were studied. Just after yolk-sac absorption, free-swimming larvae were maintained under starved condition for a period of 21 days. Sampling of fish were carried out every week and their whole bodies were used for the analysis of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSHpx), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and also analysis of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH). Antioxidant enzymes activities showed that GST and CAT had the highest activity, whilts SOD and GSHpx had the lowest activity of all the enzymes assayed in 14 day free swimming starved larvae. SOD activity were reached to the peak in free swimming larvae before the appearance of higher level of MDA in 7 day starved larvae. The level of MDA was significantly higher in 7 day starved larvae and significantly lower in 14 day starved larvae. ΣPUFA and Σn-3 fatty acid have the highest level in 7 day starved larvae and lowest level in 14 day starved larvae. After the free swimming larvae, there was a significant decrease in vitamin E (α-tocopherol and δ-tocopherol) level in all starved larvae.

Assessment of Vitamin D Role in Depression

AbstractBackground: Depression is a devastating disease that adversely affects all aspects of one's existence. There is some evidence that low circulating concentration of serum 25- hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], the marker for Vitamin D status, is associated with mood disorders, including major depresssive disorder.Aim of Study: The aim of this work is to investigate the association between serum Vitamin D concentrations and depression and to evaluate the correlation between the con-centrations of Vitamin D and severity of depression.Subjects and Methods: This study was conducted on 66 patients suffering from depression, and 22 apparently healthy individuals as controls. Complete psychiatric interview; with application of Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) Scale for diagnosis and assessment of the severity of depression was done. Laboratory investigations including kidney function tests, liver function tests,serum total calcium,phosphorus and serum Vitamin D (25-OH Vitamin D3/D2) was done for all subjects.Results: 21, 23 and 22 patients had mild, moderate and severe depression respectively. There was statistically very high significant decrease in Vitamin D level in patients group compared to control group. In patients group, 40.9% of patients had Vitamin D deficiency (serum 25(OH]D 20ng/mL). There was statistically sig-nificant decrease of Vitamin D levels in female patients group compared to male patients group. There was statistically significant negative correlation between BDI-II score and Vitamin D level in patients group.Conclusion: The finding of this study revealed evidence of an association between low 25(OH)D, a marker of Vitamin D status, and depression, suggesting a direct effect of Vitamin D on development of depression.There was an association between low Vitamin D status and the severity of depres-sion.Vitamin D deficiency was more pronounced in female patients than male patients.

Stabilization of rice bran and its effect on bioactive compounds content, antioxidant activity and storage stability during infrared radiation heating

Rice bran (RB), a by-product of rice milling industry has limited uses despite its nutritional value. Thus, the aim of the current study was to improve the process of RB stabilization and it was conducted in three stages a) optimization of the infrared radiation (IR) conditions in order to inactivate lipase activity b) investigation of the effect of IR treatments on γ-oryzanol, vitamin E, total phenolic contents and antioxidant activity of stabilized RB as well as on color and fatty acid composition c) stability tests of free fatty acid (FFA) content and lipophilic compounds. Results indicated that IR heating at 140 °C for 15 min is an effective method for RB stabilization without any loss of γ-oryzanol and fatty acid composition, but with a significant decrease in vitamin E content. Contrary, phenolic content and antioxidant activity of bound extracts of stabilized RB increased as the IR power increased, whereas an insignificant increase was observed on free extracts. Storage stability tests showed that γ-oryzanol of stabilized RB was relatively less stable after 6-months storage than vitamin E. In conclusion, the selection of optimum IR conditions is important to guarantee the quality RB in terms of health beneficial components and undesirable components.

Stability of antioxidant vitamins in commercial vitamin supplements

The stability of vitamins A, E, and C was determined in 12 brands of vitamin supplements over a 12-month storage period. The variations in concentrations of these vitamins across three different batches of five brands were measured. Vitamins A and E was determined by HPLC method, and vitamin C was measured by using potentiometric titration. All samples for stability studies were maintained at room temperature and protected from light. Measurements were carried out in the first semester of the expiration date and then every six months up to 12 months of storage. After this period, only one sample showed no significant decrease in vitamin A and E concentrations in relation to the concentrations measured at the beginning of the study. The concentration of vitamin C showed no significant decrease in 50% of the samples after 6 months of storage, although after 12 months, 92% had significant losses in concentration. The analysis of the different batches showed significant variations in the vitamin levels, which do not seem to be significant for inspection purposes considering the tolerance outlined in the legislation. Over-fortification of vitamin supplements during manufacture seems to be required, but the additional amount of supplementation will depend on each sample.

Cooking treatments effect on bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of quintonil (Amaranthus hybridus) harvested in spring and fall seasons

ABSTRACTThis study investigated the effects of cooking treatments (boiling and steaming) and season of the year (spring and fall) on vitamin C content, total phenolics content (TPC), total flavonoids content (TFC), antioxidant activity and scavenging of nitric oxide (NO•), and superoxide radical (O2–). After cooking, a significant decrease in vitamin C was observed (50 and 48.8% for boiling and 21 and 27.9% for steaming in spring and fall, respectively). TPC and TFC increased during steaming from 145–1480 mg GAE/kg and 348.6–797.2 mg QE/kg, respectively. DPPH values ranged from 2806–3801 μmol TE/kg and was affected by season whereas ORAC ranged from 1231.3–36,167.2 μmol TE/kg and was affected by cooking. The ability to scavenge NO• and O2–, were not affected by neither cooking nor season. However, the inhibition of O2– was higher for quintonil steamed in spring.

Is there a potential link between vitamin D and pulmonary morbidities in preterm infants?

BackgroundThere hasn't been conclusive proof about the association between vitamin D and pulmonary morbidities of prematurity. Methods106 preterm infants were retrospectively included into this study. Clinical data and blood samples of all the patients were collected within 24 h of admission. Results(1) Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) patients were mainly concentrated in “≤30 weeks” stage when compared with other two gestational age groups. The only significant decrease of vitamin D concentration between RDS and non-RDS patients reflected in “≤30 weeks” stage (RDS vs. non-RDS: 29.48 ± 13.06 vs. 40.47 ± 20.52 nmol/l). (2) Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) patients were also concentrated in “≤30 weeks” stage. Vitamin D concentration showed significant difference both in “≤30 weeks” stage and “30–34 weeks” stage (≤30 weeks stage, BPD vs. non-BPD: 33.20 ± 16.51 vs. 39.21 ± 16.65 nmol/l; 30–34 weeks stage, BPD vs. non-BPD: 30.36 ± 15.50 vs. 41.21 ± 20.40 nmol/l). (3) Though vitamin D concentration in mechanical ventilation (MV) group was lower than non-MV group, there're no significant differences. (4) Vitamin D concentration in dead cases was significant lower than survival patients at discharge. (5) It showed a good correlation between vitamin D concentration and serum Ca, serum P, duration of MV and duration of oxygen support in “≤30 weeks” stage. ConclusionThe significant decrease of vitamin D concentration between RDS and non-RDS patients only reflected in “≤30 weeks” stage. And significant decrease of vitamin D concentration in BPD patients was both showed in “≤30 weeks” stage and “30–34 weeks” stage, which is consistent with “duration of oxygen support”. However, the overall effect did not show any difference in all preterm infants. It seems that the appropriate concentration of vitamin D is beneficial to lung maturation of human. Certainly, large sample, multi-center randomized controlled trials are necessary.

Vitamin D status in children with autoimmune thyroiditis

Background: Deficiency of 25 hydroxyvitamin D has been linked with predisposition to autoimmune disorders. Also, vitamin D has been found to be a causal factor in many autoimmune diseases. Objective of the study was to investigate vitamin D status in children with autoimmune thyroiditis attending endocrinology OPD at a tertiary centre in southern India.Methods: It is a case control study done in which 75 children (70 female, 5 male) with age and sex matched healthy controls were chosen. Free thyroxine, TSH, anti TPOAb, anti TGAb, 25 hydroxyvitamin D, serum calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase levels were estimated in both cases and control subjects. Children with anti TPO or anti TG positivity were divided into four groups based on their level of antibody titers.Results: The mean age in cases was 9.8±0.34 years. 25(OH)D levels were significantly lower in cases (15.07±1.14 ng/ml) compared to controls (17.82±1.13 ng/ml) (p<0.0006). Mean serum calcium levels in cases (9.35±0.16 mg/dl) were significantly lower when compared to controls (9.73±0.14 mg/dl) (p<0.0005). Similarly mean serum alkaline phosphatase level in cases (184.97±11.10 IU/L) were significantly elevated when compared with controls (122.37±6.82 IU/L) (p<0.0001). However, there was no significant difference in serum phosphorus levels between cases (4.42±0.10 mg/dl) and controls (4.43±0.14 mg/dl) (p=0.83). There was no significant difference in vitamin D level among the groups in both anti TPO (p< 0.283) and anti TG (p<0.148).Conclusions: The significant decrease in vitamin D levels in cases signifies that 25(OH)D may be an independent causal factor related to the autoimmunity in thyroid diseases.

Clinical staging in chronic heart failure associated with low vitamin D and elevated parathormone levels.

Growing evidence in the literature suggests a relationship between heart failure and vitamin D-parathormone cascade. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association of the clinical stage of the heart failure with vitamin D-parathormone levels. Ninety consecutive patients, who were admitted to our clinic from December 2012 to May 2013, were included in the present study. The patients with heart failure were clinically classified into four stages (stage A through stage D). Vitamin D and parathormone levels were measured and echocardiographic recordings were obtained from each patient. The patients with heart failure had significantly lower vitamin D levels compared to the control group (14.5 ng/ml versus 38 ng/ml, P < 0.001). In the four subgroups of patients with heart failure, vitamin D levels significantly decreased (30 ng/ml, 25 ng/ml, 13.5 ng/ml, and 6 ng/ml in stages A, B, C, and D, respectively), and parathormone levels significantly increased (50 pq/ml, 44 pq/ml, 70 pq/ml, and 98.5 pg/ml, respectively) with progression in the heart failure from stage A to stage D (P < 0.001). The log10 EF (B = -2.39, 95% CI = -3.36-1.42, P < 0.001), log10 BNP (B = 0.405, 95% CI = 0.13-0.69, P = 0.005, log10 vitamin D (B = -0.75, 95% CI = -1.18-0.31, P = 0.001) were the independent predictors of heart failure stage in multivariate regression analysis. Vitamin D and parathormone levels were closely associated with the stage of heart failure. There was a significant decrease in vitamin D levels and a significant increase in serum parathormone levels with clinical deterioration in heart failure.

EVALUATION OF PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SOME MIXTURE JUICES

This study was carried out to investigate improving and developing mixed fruit juices prepared from mango, strawberry, pineapple, orange, and pomegranate with different ratios as well as having nutritional values with highly functional and organoleplicolly characteristics. Development of new technologies for thermal food treatment is still of great industrial and scientific interest. Microwave heating is one of these new technologies. The fruits blended juices were pasteurized by two different methods, i.e. conventional processing at 80°C for 10 min and microwave heating (2450 MHz) using 100% and 70% capacity for 3min. After thermal processing, juices were stored at 4°C and analyzed after processing and storage. The physicochemical parameters studied were pH value, total soluble solids (TSS) and titratable acidity (TA) along with an estimate of metal elements such as iron, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, zinc. These juice mixtures were analyzed for their (vitamin C, antioxidant total phenolic and total flavonoid). The obtained results revealed that fresh strawberry has high content of antioxidant activity (%), total phenolic, total flavonids followed by fresh pomegranate and pineapple, respectively. Meanwhile fresh mango was higher in total soluble solids (TSS) and pH value and as well as lowest in titratable acidity (TA). Factors affecting physical, and chemical and quality of juices were studied after processing and storage as well as microbiological evaluation. Results showed no presence of viable microorganisms (total count, mold and yeast) after storage at 4°C in all treatments. Also results showed that conventional treatment led to a significant decrease in vitamin C and total anthocyanins while microwave pasteurization preserved these compounds. Also it found that microwave pasteurization at 100% capacity recorded the highest values in each of antioxidant activity, total phenolic, total flavonids and total soluble solids (TSS) compared to pasteurization on the capacity of 70%.

Relationship between selected micronutrient deficiencies and oxidative stress biomarkers in diabetes mellitus patients with foot ulcers in Ibadan, Nigeria

Background/aim: Micronutrients are indispensable in the prevention of diseases and maintenance of good health. Their deficiencies have been implicated in several diseases associated with oxidative stress (OS). This study aimed at investigating the levels of some vitamins and minerals in association with OS markers in diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) patients in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. Materials and methods: Seventy DFU patients and 50 apparently healthy volunteers (controls) were recruited for the study. Blood samples of 10 mL were collected after a 10-h overnight fast from each participant after obtaining their consent. Levels of oxidative stress biomarkers such as lipid peroxide (LPO), 8-hydroxyl-2?-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), total antioxidant status (TAS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and micronutrients such as vitamin C, vitamin E, copper, selenium, and zinc were determined. Results: Significant increases in the levels of LPO and 8-OHdG and GPx activity were found in DFU patients compared to controls (P < 0.001). Significant decreases in vitamin C (P = 0.003), selenium, vitamin E, and TAS concentrations were detected between DFU patients and controls (P < 0.001). However, nonsignificant decreases in SOD activity and copper and zinc levels were observed when DFU patients and controls were compared (P > 0.05). Vitamin C was significantly positively correlated with GPx and selenium was significantly negatively correlated with 8-OHdG in the DFU group. However, nonsignificant correlations were observed between other micronutrients and oxidative stress biomarkers of both the DFU and control groups. Conclusion: Diabetes mellitus patients with foot ulcers may require micronutrient supplementation for proper control and maintenance of oxidant/antioxidant homeostasis.

Role of Persea americana and Vitamin E in Reducing the Tendency for Prostate Cancer Growth

Persea Americana Avocado is traditionally used for the treatment of various health problems. With its wide claim of medicinal benefits, it is imperative to determine the effects of the extract on some biochemical parameters of the male wistar rats and its tendency to reduce prostate cancer growth. It’s also to determine the extract effect on the histology of the reproductive organs (testes) of the rats. Twenty-four (24) male wistar rats of an average weight of 170g were used for the experiment. The rats were divided into four groups (n=6): Group 1 (control), group II (150mg/kg of avocado extract), group III (300mg/kg of avocado extract, and group IV (200mg/kg of Vitamin E). The administration was for 56 days, and on the 57th day all the animals were sacrificed and their testes harvested. The histology and enzyme histochemistry of the testes conducted. There was a significant decrease in vitamin Glucose-6-phospodehydrogenase (G-6-PDH) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in rats of groups II and III compared to the control group. Prostatic acid phosphotase (P-AcP) also significantly decreased in groups II and III when compared with the group IV. Avocado and Vitamin E increased body weight and reduce oxidative stress. It also decreased LDH and P-AcP levels in the body, and consequently reducing tendency for cancerous cells growth, and particularly prostate cancer. However, unlike Vitamin E which improved on spermatogenesis, Avocado exert negatively on testicular architecture, germ cells and spermatogenesis.

Matrix Metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 Levels in Children on Hemodialysis: Association with MMP-9 C-1562T Gene Polymorphism and Vitamin D Levels

Background and objectives: Data concerning the concentration of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and its functional polymorphisms in chronic kidney diseases (CKD) are conflicting. The present study aimed to evaluate the levels of MMP-9in children with end stage renal diseases (ESRD) on hemodialysis (HD) and to explore its association with MMP-9 polymorphism and vitamin D levels as an important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Methods: We studied 55 children with ESRD on hemodialysis and 18 healthy children served as controls. MMP-9 and vitamin D levels were measured by ELISA in serum of all patients and controls. Genotypes for MMP-9 polymorphism(C-1562T) were determined by RFLP for only 28 of the patients and all the controls. Results: There were insignificantly reduced MMP-9levels of patients vs. controls, however, there was significant increase in MMP-9 levels associated with CC genotypes for(C-1562T) polymorphism compared with CT genotype (p=0.01). We found that at MMP-9 base position-1562, the frequencies of the genotypes CC and CT in Children on HD were 71.4% and 28.6% respectively while all our controls were of the CC genotype. The alleles frequencies of C and T in patients were 85.7% and 14.29% as compared to 100% and 0%, respectively in the controls. Significant decrease in vitamin D was observed in children on HD versus that in controls (p=0.008). Serum MMP9 levels and age were variables that were independently associated with CVD. Conclusions: MMP9 genetic polymorphism (C-1562T) affects MMP9alterations in ESRD children on HD and vitamin D deficiency is common in our HD pediatric patients who require attention in accordance with current practice guidelines. They probably require supplementation with higher doses of cholecalciferol.

Vitamin A improve Th17 and Treg regulation in systemic lupus erythematosus.

The aim of this study was to determine the role of vitamin A in modulating T helper 17 (Th17) and regulatory T cell (Treg) balance in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. Sixty-two female SLE patients and sixty-two female controls were measured for vitamin A levels from serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and percentages of Th17 and Treg from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) by flow cytometry. We also performed an in vitro study to evaluate the effects of retinoic acid treatment (0, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 μg/ml) in modulating Th17/Treg balance in CD4(+) T cell culture from hypovitaminosis A SLE patients. Th17 and Treg percentages from cell cultures were measured by flow cytometry. Vitamin A levels in the SLE patients were lower compared to those in the healthy control (46.9 ± 43.4 vs. 75.6 ± 73.1 ng/ml, p = 0.015). Vitamin A levels also had a negative correlation to Th17 percentages in the SLE patients (p = 0.000, R = -0.642). Th17 percentages in the hypovitaminosis A SLE patients were higher compared to those SLE patients with normal vitamin A levels (10.9 ± 5.3 vs. 2.9 ± 2.2 %, p = 0.000). Treatment of 0.3 μg/ml of retinoic acid could increase Treg differentiation (33.9 ± 1.6 vs. 21.8 ± 1.1 %, p = 0.000) and decrease Th17 differentiation (27.2 ± 2.5 vs. 37.4 ± 1.3 %, p = 0.000). In conclusion, vitamin A has important roles in modulating Th17/Treg balance in the SLE patients shown by the significant decrease of vitamin A levels in the SLE patients which negatively correlate with Th17 population, and treatment of retinoic acid could decrease Th17 and increase Treg percentages in CD4(+) T cells cultures.

Oxidative stress in post menopausal women with cardiovascular risk factors

Background: Menopause is a normal occurrence in the life of every woman. As the life expectancy of woman all over the world now increases, a woman has to spend almost 1/3rd of her life in menopause years. Along with the increase in life expectancy the cardiovascular disease is increasing. Objectives: To study the association between oxidative stress and various cardiovascular risk factors in post-menopausal women. Methods: 50 postmenopausal women with cardiovascular risk factors like hyperglycemia, hypertension, high Body Mass Index and Hyperlipidaemia were selected as cases and compared with 50 age matched apparently healthy controls. Malon-di-aldehyde (MDA) was taken as the marker for oxidative stress and vitamin E & vitamin C were taken to assess antioxidant status. Student’s t-test was applied to compare different parameters between the groups and Pearson’s correlation was applied to see the correlation with different parameters in the case group. Results: It was found that MDA values in postmenopausal women with cardiovascular risk factors were significantly higher as compared to the post menopausal women without cardiovascular risk factors (p < 0.001). There is significant decrease in vitamin E and C values in cases (p is < 0.001 and < 0.01 respectively). Comparing the various oxidative markers in cases and control it was found that MDA values have a significant negative correlation with vitamin E and C (r= -0.4 and r= -0.7 respectively). Whereas correlation between changes in Vitamin E and vitamin C was positive but not significant (r= +0.2, p ˃0.05). Conclusion: Antioxidant medication and other measures can be adopted to reduce oxidative stress in post menopausal women with cardiovascular risk factors and reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with cardiovascular disease. Key words: Menopause, Malon-di-aldehyde (MDA), Vitamin E, Vitamin C, Cardiovascular risk factors

Vitamin D (25-0H D3) status and pathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in stage II/III breast cancer: Data from the NEOZOTAC trial (BOOG 10-01)

BackgroundSerum levels of 25-OH vitamin D3 (vitamin D) have been shown to be prognostic for disease-free survival in patients with breast cancer. We investigated the predictive value of these levels for pathological response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer taking part in the NEOZOTAC phase-III trial. Additionally, the effect of chemotherapy on vitamin D levels was studied. Materials and methodsSerum vitamin D was measured at baseline and before the last cycle of chemotherapy. The relationship between these measurements and clinical outcome, as defined by pathological complete response in breast and lymph nodes (pCR) was examined. ResultsBaseline and end of treatment vitamin D data were available in 169 and 91 patients, respectively. Median baseline vitamin D values were 58.0 nmol/L. In patients treated with chemotherapy only, serum vitamin D levels decreased during neoadjuvant chemotherapy (median decrease of 16 nmol/L, P = 0.003). The prevalence of vitamin D levels < 50 nmol/L increased from 38.3% at baseline to 55.9% after chemotherapy. In the total population, baseline and end of therapy vitamin D levels were not related to pathological response. No associations were found between pCR and vitamin D level changes. ConclusionThe significant decrease in vitamin D post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy suggests that vitamin D levels should be monitored and in case of decrease of vitamin D levels, correction may be beneficial for skeletal health and possibly breast cancer outcome.

Clinical staging in chronic heart failure associated with low vitamin D and elevated parathormone levels

Objective Growing evidence in the literature suggests a relationship between heart failure and vitamin D-parathormone cascade. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association of the clinical stage of the heart failure with vitamin D-parathormone levels.Methods and results Ninety consecutive patients, who were admitted to our clinic from December 2012 to May 2013, were included in the present study. The patients with heart failure were clinically classified into four stages (stage A through stage D). Vitamin D and parathormone levels were measured and echocardiographic recordings were obtained from each patient. The patients with heart failure had significantly lower vitamin D levels compared to the control group (14.5 ng/ml versus 38 ng/ml, P< 0.001). In the four subgroups of patients with heart failure, vitamin D levels significantly decreased (30 ng/ml, 25 ng/ml, 13.5 ng/ml, and 6 ng/ml in stages A, B, C, and D, respectively), and parathormone levels significantly increased (50 pq/ml, 44 pq/ml, 70 pq/ml, and 98.5 pg/ml, respectively) with progression in the heart failure from stage A to stage D (P0.001). The log10 EF (B = -2.39, 95% CI = –3.36-–1.42, P< 0.001), log10 BNP (B = 0.405, 95% CI = 0.13-0.69, P= 0.005, log10 vitamin D (B = –0.75, 95% CI = –1.18-–0.31, P= 0.001) were the independent predictors of heart failure stage in multivariate regression analysis.Conclusions Vitamin D and parathormone levels were closely associated with the stage of heart failure. There was a significant decrease in vitamin D levels and a significant increase in serum parathormone levels with clinical deterioration in heart failure.

Biological Markers Study of Acute and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

Twenty two acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) patients and 20 chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) patients, were admitted to Medical City Hospital, in addition to 35 healthy individuals as the control group. Vitamin C and vitamin D, trace and essential elements cobalt, and Nickel magnesium were evaluated in the sera of all above individuals, using high performance liquid chromatography and atomic absorption spectrophotometry for evaluating vitamins and elements. The results revealed a a significant decrease in vitamin C and vitamin D and Mg levels in both patients groups compared to controls and a significant difference in CO and Ni levels in sera of AML and CML was found. Conclusion: Vitamins, trace and essential elements abnormalities occur in both patient groups compared to Controls.

Massive and long-lasting decrease in vitamin C plasma levels as a consequence of extracorporeal circulation

ObjectiveThe use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is suggested to induce oxidative stress, reflected by an imbalance between prooxidant and antioxidant substances. The majority of studies published have either focused on only one aspect (prooxidant or antioxidant side) or covered only a short observation period. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the long-term effects of CPB on the balance of prooxidative markers and antioxidant substances in one single group of patients, being able to estimate the degree of oxidative stress. MethodsBlood samples were taken from 29 patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery beginning the day before surgery through postoperative day 6 (discharge). Plasma concentrations of vitamins C (total ascorbic acid) and E and malondialdehyde were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. Plasma levels of ascorbyl free radical were determined using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. ResultsThe study showed a significant decrease in vitamin C plasma levels during CPB without any recovery of vitamin C up to the time of discharge. Furthermore, CPB induced a significant increase in malondialdehyde plasma concentrations immediately after unclamping, accompanied by a significant increase in the ascorbyl free radical to total ascorbic acid ratio. The latter stayed elevated until the end of observation. ConclusionsOur findings indicate that the oxidative stress event after CPB can be divided into two phases: Immediately after reperfusion, a massive oxidative stress occurs, reflected by the increase in malondialdehyde. During convalescence, there must be an ongoing situation of oxidative stress, especially in the water-soluble compartment, leading to the consumption of vitamin C. Because the main antioxidant substance, vitamin C, did not increase again over the entire observation period, supplementation should be given consideration.

Changes in Vitamin C Content and Soluble Solids of Carrot Content (Daucus Carota L.) During Storage / Zmeny v Obsahu Vitamínu C a Rozpustnej Sušiny Mrkvy (Daucus Carota L.) Počas Skladovania

Abstract The average vitamin C content of fresh carrots was 56 mg.kg-1. Amount of vitamin C was reduced by the length of storage and storage environment. On average, the most significant decrease in vitamin C to 24.4 mg.kg-1 under laboratory conditions was reported after 56 days when stored carrots were packed in plastic box. When stored in a refrigerator, the vitamin C content decreased to 24.7 mg.kg-1 after 126 days of storage in a plastic box. During both experimental periods in laboratory conditions, the most vitamin C was preserved while being wrapped plastic wrap. This way of packaging also enabled relatively long-term preservation of freshness in variety called “Komarno”, which was up to 60 days. The second best option in this respect is the packed carrot in microtene bags. The least convenient was to store the carrots open without packaging. In the case of refrigerated storage, the options of packaging in plastic wrap and microtene bags were also the best. The most significant decline in vitamin C was found in the variant without packaging and in the food box. Average soluble solids (refractometry dry matter) content in fresh roots reached 7.6%. During storage under laboratory conditions, the SS values increased to 14.8% after 14 days when the carrot was stored open without packaging. In the refrigerator, the soluble solids content in carrots increased to 12.7% after 28 days of storage without packaging. Increase in soluble solids content was mainly caused by transpiration process. Under laboratory conditions, evaporation and increase of soluble solids were faster compared to the variants stored in the cooler

A comparative study between Plasma vitamin c level and severity of knee osteoarthritis

Most prominent feature in osteoarthritis is the progressive destruction of articular cartilage which results in impaired joint motion, severe pain, structural and functional failure of synovial joints. A hospital based cross sectional study was conducted in Burdwan Medical College, West Bengal, India on 76 postmenopausal women aged 45-70 years suffering from Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee joint, which was diagnosed from symptoms, clinical examinations and radiographic findings. 150 subjects undergoing knee joint arthroscopy for chronic knee pain, meniscal tears or anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction were taken as control .plasma vitamin C was measured. The width of knee joint space was measured from the radiographic plates to assess the disease severity. Knee joint radiographs were evaluated with the Kellgren-Lawrence grading scale .Furthermore both were correlated with plasma vitamin C levels to find out possible association between the vitamin C and the disease progression. Results showed that there was a significant decrease in vitamin C levels in patients with knee joint osteoarthritis as compared to the controls. Plasma vitamin C showed negative correlation with Kellgren-Lawrence grading and positive correlation with knee joint space width. Knee joint space width and vitamin C decreased with increasing Kellgren-Lawrence grade. Keywords- vitamin C.Knee Osteoarthritis, Kellgren-Lawrence grading scale,