Significance Of Self Research Articles

The perspectives of patients with Parkinson's Disease: A qualitative systematic review

Background and objective: Parkinson’s disease has considerable impact on the quality of life of both patients and their caregivers. Patients’ perspectives are a source of vital knowledge that informs health professionals’ ability to provide individualised and patient-centered care. Objective: The aim of this systematic review was to identify the perspectives of patients with Parkinson’s disease on treatment, care and rehabilitation.Methods: The authors conducted a systematic review and searched the following bibliographic databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycInfo and Scopus for original studies, in June 2020 (renewed December 21, 2021). Grey literature was searched at www.parkinson.org, http://www.epda.eu.com, www.apdaparkinson.org and in the OpenSIGLE and HMIC databases. We included studies focusing on patients with Parkinson’s disease aged 18 or older that reported patients’ perspectives on treatment, care and rehabilitation. Results were analysed using thematic synthesis. Results: Thirteen studies were included, each of them applying qualitative methods and including between 1 and 95 patients. The authors identified 17 descriptive themes which resulted in three analytic themes: Significance of self, Significance of informal caregivers and peers, and Significance of professionals.Conclusions: Our findings could be important in helping healthcare professionals plan and deliver treatment, care and rehabilitation based on patients’ priorities in the context of suffering from a chronic disease.

A concept analysis of shame in the field of nursing.

The study aimed to conceptually define "shame" within the field of nursing. Many nurses sometimes experience and struggle with shame in their professional lives. It reduces their sense of self-worth and hampers emotional well-being and efficacy at work. The conceptual analysis was performed using Walker and Avant's method. We searched using Academic Search Complete, CINAHL, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, and Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection databases for literature published between 1980 and 2020. We searched for keywords "shame," "nurse," and "nursing," with the condition that the keywords must be included in the title or abstract. Shame in the nursing field was defined as a negative emotion, an experience of self-blame and anger, an emotion accompanied by social anxiety, loneliness, and influenced by society and culture. Shame in the nursing field has three antecedents: negative evaluation, the involvement of others, and social and affiliated-group norms. Consequences of shame in nursing include decreased senses of self-esteem and self-efficacy, escape through defense mechanisms, depressive states, and alleviation of distress through reaffirmation of self-promotion and reflection leading to personal growth. We clarified the significance of self, others, others' evaluations, and differences in socio-cultural contexts while defining shame.

The bad habit of individualistic religion

Because of an interpersonal world view, Ubuntu provides a much-needed reference point for navigating contentious issues for both political and spiritual discourse. The intent, in this instance, is not so much a polemic against political individualism as it is a reckoning with how Christian spirituality per se matters in the academy and public spheres. The concept of “Ubuntu” complements Christian spirituality in that the conceptualisation of Ubuntu moves us beyond notions of soteriology based in individualism and vapid understandings of personal salvation. In turn, Ubuntu expands the understanding of communal spirituality, by providing the reader better insight into the deepening paradox in which, by focusing upon community, one gains a deeper significance of self.

Research on Preparation and Casting Construction Technology of Self-compacting Concrete in Marine Climate Environments

Hou, H., 2020. Research on preparation and casting construction technology of self-compacting concrete in marine climate environments. In: Bai, X. and Zhou, H. (eds.), Advances in Water Resources, Environmental Protection, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 115, pp. 1-3. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.In order to meet the requirements of the construction site, self-compacting concrete is mainly to find out how to reduce the water cement ratio to control the occurrence of shrinkage cracks on the premise of meeting the strength and fluidity of concrete, so as to achieve the balance between “high fluidity” and “high stability” of concrete. As self-compacting concrete can improve the construction performance of concrete and reduce labor costs, it is conducive to environmental protection, and at the same time it can improve the mechanical properties and durability of hardened concrete. In order to improve the durability of concrete structure of marine engineering, high performance concrete of marine engineering is used in the wharf and cross Sea Bridge to improve the service life of concrete structure. Based on the analysis of the application significance of self compacting concrete, this paper discusses the design key points of self compacting concrete in the marine climate environment, and analyzes the working and mechanical properties of self compacting concrete in the project.

The Impact of Self-Efficacy on Accountants' Behavioral Intention to Adopt and Use Accounting Information Systems

ABSTRACT Digitalization increasingly affects the accounting profession as it engages with pervasive technologically enabled systems that support business processes and financial management. Given these systems commonly result in less than voluntary use, mandating compliance is challenging. In this context, it is important to understand the attitudes of prospective users, as their negativity may waste resources through ambivalence, frustration, and under-use. Our study of Libyan accountants shows that in adopting a mandated technologically enabled accounting information system, they were influenced by a range of perceptional, dispositional, and environmental factors. By combining components of the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology with institutional theory, results show that 63.4 percent of the variance regarding behavioral intention is attributable to self-efficacy, effort expectancy, coercive, and mimetic pressures. Our findings confirming the significance of self- efficacy and disconfirming experience support calls to consider the influence of self-efficacy upon the use of restrictive decision aids.

The plasticity of breeding system in arid-adapted Zygophylloideae

The assurance of reproductive success is an important challenge for arid-adapted plants. Self-compatibility is suggested as a mechanism to compensate for the inadequate breeding opportunities in extreme environments. Zygophylloideae is an arid-adapted subfamily which has successfully radiated in different ranges of arid habitats. In order to study the significance of selfing for the reproductive success of the Zygophylloideae, we calculated pollen ovule ratios (P/O) and conducted bagging experiments for autogamy and xenogamy in eleven representative members of Zygophylloideae and three species of the sister subfamilies Tribuloideae and Larreoideae. Our results revealed an extremely high P/O in Zygophylloideae with significant differences between studied species. Control seed set and the seed set produced in autogamy and xenogamy experiments varied in different species. We used both P/O and seed set to estimate the breeding system. Our results indicated that the Zygophylloideae are all self-compatible with different degrees of selfing ranging from obligate autogamy in Augea, to facultative autogamy in Tetraena species, Fagonia and Zygophyllum atriplicoides, and further to facultative xenogamy in Roepera species and Zygophyllum fabago. Interestingly, the degree of selfing within South African species is associated with the aridity level of related habitats.

The Normative Significance of Self

A number of recent (and not so recent) works in the metaethics of practical rationality have suggested that features of a person’s character, commitments, projects, practical identities and social roles have important normative consequences. For instance, I might commit to caring for a loved one, or I might become an artist, or take on the role of father to a child. In each case, it seems right to say that the normative landscape I face has been altered by this new fact – to put them under one general heading, the new fact about my self. In this paper, I explore the normative significance of self and how best it is to be understood. Typically, views that posit the normative significance of self hold that the content of one’s self can create practical reasons to behave in particular ways. For instance, if I become a father, this means that there are additional reasons to care for my child than there were prior to this fact of self. I argue, however, that this suggestion cannot be plausibly sustained – facts of self do not give rise to practical reasons. I show that, while there are two ways that facts of self might give rise to or create new practical reasons, both succumb to very serious problems.
 However, or so I also argue, we can salvage the normative significance of self via an alternative mechanism. Facts of self, such as the fact that one is an artist or a father, do not create new reasons. Rather, they strengthen certain pre-existing reasons, viz., those reasons to which I am especially susceptible given this fact of self.

Emotions, Body and Self: Critiquing Moral Decline Sociology

Morality is argued to be in a state of decline in the contemporary West. This article identifies two dominant strands of moral decline sociology: the ‘cultural pessimists’ and the ‘communitarians’. The article argues that these two dominant assessments of moral loss are underwritten by a set of assumptions concerning ‘society’ as the necessary source of morality and a disparaging view of emotion, body and self-authenticity culture. Drawing on Bauman, Ahmed, Irigaray and Taylor, the cultural pessimist and communitarian diagnoses of the moral present are critiqued as offering an overly pessimistic account of contemporary morality that ignores society as a ‘morality-silencing’ force and denies the ethical significance of self, emotions, body and therapeutic ideals of self-improvement and authenticity.

Allard's argument versus Baker's contention for the adaptive significance of selfing in a hermaphroditic fish

Fertilization assurance (Baker's contention) and multilocus coadaptation (Allard's argument) are two distinct hypotheses for the adaptive significance of self-fertilization in hermaphroditic taxa, and both scenarios have been invoked to rationalize isogenicity via incest in various plants and invertebrate animals with predominant selfing. Here we contrast Allard's argument and Baker's contention as applied to the world's only known vertebrate that routinely self-fertilizes. We pay special attention to frequencies of locally most common multilocus genotypes in Floridian populations of the Mangrove Rivulus (Kryptolebias marmoratus). Isogenicity patterns in this fish appear inconsistent with Allard's argument, thus leaving Baker's contention as the more plausible scenario (a result also supported by natural history information for this species). These results contrast with the isogenicity patterns and conclusions previously drawn from several self-fertilizing plants and invertebrate animal species. Thus, the adaptive significance of selfing apparently varies across hermaphroditic taxa.

A physiochemical theory on the applicability of soft mathematical models—experimentally interpreted

AbstractAn extension of chemometric theory was experimentally explored to explain the physiochemical basis of the very high efficiency of soft modelling of data from nature. Soft modelling in self‐organisation was interpreted by studying the unique chemical patterns of mutants in an isogenic barley model on endosperm development. Extremely reproducible, differential Near Infrared (NIR) spectral patterns specifically overviewed the effect on cell composition of each mutant cause. Extended Canonical Variates Analysis (ECVA) classified spectra in wild type, starch and protein mutants. The spectra were interpreted by chemometric data analysis and by pattern inspection to morphological, genetic, molecular and chemical information. Deterministic chemical reactions were defined in the glucan pathway. A drastic mutation in a gene controlling the starch/ß‐glucan composition changed water activity that introduced a diffusive, stochastic effect on the catalysis of all active enzymes. ‘Decision making’ in self‐organisation is autonomous and performed by the soft modelling of the chemical deterministic and stochastic reactions in the endosperm cell as a whole. Uncertainty in the analysis of endosperm emergence was experimentally delimited as the ‘indeterminacy’ in local molecular path modelling ‘bottom up’ and the ‘irreducibility’ of the phenomenological NIR spectra ‘top down’. The experiment confirmed Ilya Prigogine's interpretation of self‐organisation by his dynamic computer model programmed with a self‐modeled non‐local extension of quantum mechanics (QM). The significance of self‐ organisation explained by Prigogine here interpreted as physiochemical soft modelling introduces a paradigm shift in macroscopic science that forwards a major argument for soft mathematical modelling and chemometrics to obtain full scientific legitimacy. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Abuso sexual contra crianças: em busca de uma compreensão centrada na pessoa

The present paper is a reflection about the sexual violence phenomenon, especially sexual abuse practiced against children and its implications on the consolidation of the self of these subjects. This paper also debates that question based on the person centered approach. It has a bibliographic sort. At the first moment it is established a discussion about the sexual violence, its types and ways of action. It focalizes the term “sexual abuse” of children besides the today`s childhood’s historical debate of sense. The second moment brings the significance of self or “self concept” on psychological terms and defines it on the center of the psychology of development and the Person Centered Approach. At the third part, the paper defines a relation between the concept of self and the sexual violence phenomenon. One of the more important considerations it is that this phenomenon has a very hard identification, and the study, inside Psychology field it’s found dispersed, which the own Psychology Science is dispersed itself. It can be seen with this study that there is rare knowledge about the consolidation of self on children, those who are victims of this kind of violence. An important verification it is that the person centered approach position can define an efficient instrument at the attending of this demand, purposing positions and different ways of view. Finally, this paper is suggesting that more papers and studies at university should be developed, multiplying the knowledge on this area which is necessary.

Further cytological studies on the ‘L’ and ‘S’ types of Phytophthora from cocoa

There are two chromosome types among isolates attributed to Phytophthora palmivora on cocoa in West Africa. An L-type with larger chromosomes forming three bivalents and an association of four (n = 5); and an S-type with n = 9–12 much smaller chromosomes in which an association of four was observed in some isolates of both mating types. The L-type has been redesignated P. megakarya and the S-type retained as P. palmivora ( Brasier & Griffin, 1979 ). The L-type is particularly favourable for the study of meiosis and fertilisation. Differential staining of the oogonial walls of the two types, together with the differences in the nuclei, permitted a study of gametangial combinations in L × S pairings. Hybrid combinations were most frequent but selfed combinations of both parental types occurred in up to 25 per cent of cases. The significance of selfing for survival of these fungi in nature is discussed.

Precipitating factors of readmission of psychiatric patients.

Responses to an interview guide by 100 mentally ill patients suggested that vocational, social, and self factors, respectively, were precipitating factors in the rehospitalization process. The results suggested the respondents' realistic viewpoints regarding the significance of employment, but a nonrealistic viewpoint about the significance of self. A profile emerged indicating those precipitating factors most likely associated with the rehospitalized mental patient.

Self and Society: Social Change and Individual Development.

How does his social environment change an individual, and why do these changes occur? Can social institutions be shaped and molded profoundly enough to afford each member of a society his maximum potential for happiness, effective functioning, and complete development? In this new work a distinguished psychologist evolves a theory of personality and society designed to help guide the work of institutions responsible for individual growth and development. Drawing on his vast experience--as an educator, a prison psychologist, a practicing psychoanalyst, and as the director of major studies in child development, personality assessment, the social psychology of higher education, and alcoholism and related problems--Professor Sanford has designed a developmental model intended to guide work in institutions which mold the individual: from family through schools, colleges, child guidance clinics, and mental hospitals. With exceptional lucidity, he examines the central issues in furthering desirable change through intervention in individual and group processes. He achieves notable advances in integrating personality theory and sociological theory: he joins psychoanalytic ego psychologists and other personality theorists in developing a dynamic-organismic theory broader than that of classical psychoanalysis and more in keeping with contemporary social theory. The author's clear style and firm grasp of his subject add further to the significance of Self and Society. It will be a stimulating textbook in social psychology, personality, and culture, and personality, and will make indispensable reading for behavioral scientists, psychiatrists, and educators, as well as for all professionals who work to promote mental health, education and social welfare.